267:
45:
31:
94:
223:
69:
558:
The adult female is slightly smaller on average than the male. It is dull olive-green above and paler grey below, and may have some dark breast smudges. The yellow face pattern is much weaker and duller, and may be almost invisible. The lower part of the beak is dark horn-colored (light grey). Young
602:
The yellow-faced grassquit is a common to abundant resident in lowlands and foothills up to 2,300 m (7,500 ft) altitude in semi-open areas such as roadsides, pasture, weedy fields and low scrub. It avoids dry grassland and other very low growth, but will readily utilize neglected gardens
655:
The main breeding season is in the summer months, but except for
February to April birds may nest at other times of the year. This species sometimes forms loose nesting colonies. During courtship, the male vibrates his wings as he sings his subdued song, sitting only 1–2 in (2.5–5.1 cm)
1216:
656:
away so the female can properly hear him. The roughly globular nest, built by the female, is made of grass and weed stems compacted into a thick mass, and lined with pieces of grass inflorescences and
350:
571:
call. The song is a varying series of high thin rapid trills. Given for a prolonged time, it is melodious, yet subdued, and often only heard from a short distance away.
1057:
367:
he added 240 species that had been previously described by
Brisson. One of these was the yellow-faced grassquit. Linnaeus included a terse description, coined the
4918:
4998:
660:
fibre. It has a side entrance and is placed usually less than 30 cm (12 in) above the ground, often among grass or weeds on a road or river
4840:
1148:
Salaman, Paul G.W.; Stiles, F. Gary; Bohórquez, Clara Isabel; Álvarez-R., Mauricio; Umaña, Ana María; Donegan, Thomas M.; Cuervo, Andrés M. (2002).
4879:
559:
birds are coloured essentially like the adult female, but duller and greyer. Young males begin to acquire full adult plumage in their first year.
5003:
266:
1262:
5028:
826:
Systema naturae : per regna tria natura, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis
396:
in 1827. The genus formerly contained additional species. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that the genus was non-
951:
Burns, K.J.; Unitt, P.; Mason, N.A. (2016). "A genus-level classification of the family
Thraupidae (Class Aves: Order Passeriformes)".
4853:
5013:
1132:
1098:
5023:
777:
The two stars (**) at the start of the paragraph indicates that
Brisson based his description on the examination of a specimen.
364:
4884:
668:
is two or three, rarely four, brown-speckled white eggs. They are incubated by the female alone for 12–14 days to hatching.
906:"Phylogenetics and diversification of tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae), the largest radiation of Neotropical songbirds"
905:
4741:
841:
4791:
661:
1049:
772:
Ornithologie, ou, Méthode contenant la division des oiseaux en ordres, sections, genres, especes & leurs variétés
1222:
5018:
4923:
989:
904:
Burns, K.J.; Shultz, A.J.; Title, P.O.; Mason, N.A.; Barker, F.K.; Klicka, J.; Lanyon, S.M.; Lovette, I.J. (2014).
4858:
1255:
5008:
4931:
1208:
766:
547:. The adult male has an olive-green back, and its face and breast are black apart from a bright yellow throat,
322:
93:
543:. It is 10–10.7 cm (3.9–4.2 in) long and weighs about 8–10 g (0.28–0.35 oz), depending on
1149:
1180:
375:
4936:
775:(in French and Latin). Vol. Supplement. Paris: Jean-Baptiste Bauche. pp. 300–302, Plate 13 fig 5.
688:, increasing in numbers and expanding its range; for example, it is only since 1997 known from the eastern
44:
4778:
4694:
1203:
412:
1190:. Pacific Coast Avifauna, Number 31. Berkeley, California: Cooper Ornithological Society. pp. 38–49.
4796:
3742:
1999:
1966:
867:
441:
393:
346:
195:
172:
30:
4732:
3385:
744:
4299:
3697:
872:"A synopsis of the birds discovered in Mexico by W. Bullock F.L.S. and H.S., and William Bullock, jun"
4827:
4770:
4752:
3762:
3630:
1494:
1248:
917:
619:
that share its lifestyle. Occasionally, adult males will come together to perch in a shrub and sing.
4072:
4038:
840:
Jobling, J.A. (2018). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.).
829:(in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 1 (12th ed.). Holmiae (Stockholm): Laurentii Salvii. p. 309.
4373:
4353:
4161:
3576:
3405:
501:
493:
424:
58:
4910:
4326:
3670:
1384:
4181:
3934:
1625:
1570:
1350:
664:. Occasionally, the species nests in shrubs up to 1.5 m (4.9 ft) above the ground. The
517:
230:
88:
4470:
4120:
3789:
3596:
3416:
3153:
2395:
3650:
2046:
579:
It breeds from central Mexico to northern
Ecuador and north-western Venezuela, and also on the
4957:
4897:
3900:
1128:
1094:
968:
933:
644:
607:
grass has grown high. It is a fairly sociable bird, sometimes forming loose flocks with other
475:
404:
4962:
3950:
3751:
3268:
3234:
1420:
1176:
993:
960:
925:
883:
802:
790:
739:
580:
4783:
1240:
4944:
4668:
4598:
3778:
2624:
2364:
2281:
2156:
1919:
1908:
1524:
693:
359:
302:
4757:
721:
1160:(1). Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá: 157–189.
921:
4647:
4633:
4619:
4605:
4507:
4452:
4389:
4218:
4129:
3706:
3659:
3250:
3059:
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2674:
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2132:
2115:
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1749:
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584:
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462:
330:
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3001:
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2525:
2514:
2493:
2378:
2333:
1928:
1874:
1683:
1455:
1029:. Vol. 13. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 155.
820:
730:
685:
677:
665:
636:
587:
but moves about outside the breeding season; vagrants have been recorded in southern
368:
354:
306:
212:
78:
73:
1024:
222:
4654:
4570:
4514:
4479:
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2578:
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2250:
2184:
2070:
2036:
2011:
1948:
1669:
1531:
1441:
1228:
1045:
479:
397:
4975:
4806:
676:
This bird is not rare and widely distributed; it is thus classified a species of
4905:
4866:
4726:
4577:
4563:
4556:
4500:
4445:
4431:
4288:
4281:
4232:
4211:
4197:
4170:
4136:
4109:
3957:
3943:
3854:
3619:
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3495:
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3317:
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2020:
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1411:
1373:
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548:
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408:
997:
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4027:
3992:
3978:
3882:
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3847:
3798:
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3612:
3565:
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3328:
3243:
3209:
3143:
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3017:
2892:
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2415:
2357:
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2170:
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1804:
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1712:
1690:
1634:
1614:
1600:
1538:
1503:
1483:
1469:
1427:
1150:"New and Noteworthy Bird Records from the East Slope of the Andes of Colombia"
964:
887:
657:
628:
544:
513:
431:
416:
292:
4717:
400:
and in the subsequent rearrangement four species were moved to other genera.
4459:
4403:
4396:
4308:
4239:
4204:
4006:
3999:
3909:
3868:
3840:
3826:
3812:
3686:
3558:
3551:
3523:
3460:
3361:
3297:
3257:
3216:
3181:
3167:
3108:
3080:
3066:
3024:
3010:
2990:
2983:
2948:
2934:
2927:
2906:
2862:
2768:
2709:
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2507:
2462:
2405:
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2191:
2139:
2077:
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1825:
1781:
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1308:
612:
540:
453:
420:
382:
310:
285:
145:
105:
972:
937:
551:, and lower eyelid spot. The rest of the underparts are greyish olive. The
403:
The yellow-faced grassquit was traditionally placed with the buntings and
4949:
4711:
4661:
4640:
4584:
4528:
4424:
4335:
4246:
4013:
3985:
3833:
3537:
3530:
3481:
3432:
3195:
3129:
3115:
2962:
2757:
2500:
2442:
2326:
2295:
2212:
2146:
2125:
1939:
1846:
1763:
1728:
1676:
1662:
1641:
1593:
1448:
1393:
1366:
1290:
1235:
793:(1910). "Collation of Brisson's genera of birds with those of Linnaeus".
697:
539:
It is a small bird with a conical bill, sharper than that of the related
125:
4845:
4765:
4612:
4549:
4486:
4143:
4020:
3923:
3819:
3679:
3605:
3467:
3453:
3160:
3045:
2976:
2797:
2730:
2371:
2240:
2205:
2163:
2056:
2029:
1867:
1579:
1545:
1359:
1302:
640:
608:
592:
509:
466:
449:
155:
4871:
3916:
3889:
3174:
2486:
2233:
1881:
1832:
1756:
1284:
806:
632:
596:
483:
445:
253:
115:
4819:
4688:
639:
directly, or gathered from the ground. Animal prey is hunted among
345:. Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the
4814:
4542:
4417:
3101:
2737:
2219:
1955:
1607:
1296:
689:
588:
386:
334:
265:
4832:
1050:"Winter Field Notes and Specimen Weights of Cayman Island Birds"
681:
604:
552:
497:
288:
135:
4692:
3728:
3359:
2576:
1997:
1327:
1244:
385:
for "olive-green". This is now the only species placed in the
715:
713:
415:
studies have shown that it is a member of the tanager family
325:
included a description of the yellow-faced grassquit in his
567:
The yellow-faced grassquit has a weak buzzing trilled
3401:
3391:
3381:
3149:
2411:
2401:
2391:
2339:
2315:
2270:
2246:
2152:
2121:
2090:
2052:
2042:
1040:
1038:
1036:
4701:
4469:
4372:
4352:
4325:
4298:
4180:
4160:
4119:
4071:
4037:
3933:
3899:
3788:
3761:
3741:
3696:
3669:
3649:
3629:
3595:
3575:
3415:
3372:
3327:
3307:
3287:
3267:
3233:
3000:
2861:
2841:
2807:
2787:
2767:
2747:
2643:
2623:
2589:
2544:
2524:
2476:
2452:
2425:
2019:
2010:
1965:
1938:
1918:
1898:
1780:
1711:
1624:
1569:
1493:
1410:
1383:
1349:
1340:
351:
International
Commission on Zoological Nomenclature
795:Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
745:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22723603A132167494.en
1225:at Neotropical Birds (Cornell Lab of Ornithology)
1084:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1048:; James, Helen F.; Meister, Charles A. (1981).
631:, but also takes other seeds, berries and some
1089:Stiles, F. Gary; Skutch, Alexander F. (1989).
392:that was introduced by the English naturalist
1256:
8:
1058:Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club
555:and eyes are dark, while the legs are grey.
899:
897:
4689:
3738:
3725:
3369:
3356:
2586:
2573:
2016:
2007:
1994:
1346:
1337:
1324:
1263:
1249:
1241:
221:
67:
43:
29:
20:
743:
1188:Life Histories of Central American Birds
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
846:Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive
842:"Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology"
4859:yellow-faced-grassquit-tiaris-olivaceus
785:
783:
709:
1223:Yellow-faced grassquit species account
353:. When in 1766 the Swedish naturalist
1004:. International Ornithologists' Union
984:
982:
910:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
635:. Food is typically plucked from the
7:
1217:Yellow-faced grassquit photo gallery
1023:Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, ed. (1970).
295:and is the only member of the genus
4999:IUCN Red List least concern species
731:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1093:. Comstock Publishing Associates.
1091:A Guide to the Birds of Costa Rica
14:
329:based on a specimen collected in
1026:Check-List of Birds of the World
1002:IOC World Bird List Version 10.2
583:and nearby islands. It is not a
92:
720:BirdLife International (2018).
1273:finches, sparrows and tanagers
1204:"Yellow-faced grassquit media"
1127:. Princeton University Press.
423:Coerebinae that also contains
374:and cited Brisson's work. The
349:and are not recognised by the
1:
5004:Birds of the Greater Antilles
627:This species feeds mainly on
321:In 1760 the French zoologist
1219:at VIREO (Drexel University)
595:. It has been introduced to
5029:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
930:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.006
684:. It seems to benefit from
337:). He used the French name
5045:
3737:
3724:
3368:
3355:
2585:
2572:
2006:
1993:
1336:
1323:
1279:
1229:Interactive range map of
1123:Hilty, Steven L. (2003).
965:10.11646/zootaxa.4088.3.2
888:10.1080/14786442708674357
767:Brisson, Mathurin Jacques
738:: e.T22723603A132167494.
236:
229:
220:
201:
194:
89:Scientific classification
87:
65:
56:
51:
42:
37:
28:
23:
5014:Birds of Central America
1209:Internet Bird Collection
1181:"Yellow-faced grassquit"
575:Distribution and habitat
339:Le bruant de S. Domingue
323:Mathurin Jacques Brisson
5024:Birds described in 1766
24:Yellow-faced grassquit
2000:Nine-primaried oscines
1967:Nine-primaried oscines
876:Philosophical Magazine
868:Swainson, William John
469:(off southeast Mexico)
413:molecular phylogenetic
301:. It is native to the
291:in the tanager family
276:yellow-faced grassquit
271:
998:"Tanagers and allies"
394:William John Swainson
343:Emberiza dominicensis
270:immature male, Panama
269:
1177:Skutch, Alexander F.
996:, eds. (July 2020).
465:, 1885) – island of
922:2014MolPE..75...41B
502:Isla de la Juventud
494:nominate subspecies
492:(Linnaeus, 1766) –
419:and belongs to the
341:and the Latin name
243:Linnaeus, 1766
59:Conservation status
3743:Catamblyrhynchinae
1236:IUCN Red List maps
1125:Birds of Venezuela
992:; Donsker, David;
530:and nearby islands
526:(Ridgway, 1898) –
518:Dominican Republic
405:New World sparrows
272:
52:Female in Jamaica
5019:Birds of Colombia
4986:
4985:
4958:Open Tree of Life
4695:Taxon identifiers
4686:
4685:
4682:
4681:
4678:
4677:
3720:
3719:
3716:
3715:
3351:
3350:
3347:
3346:
2568:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2472:
2471:
1989:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1707:
1706:
994:Rasmussen, Pamela
645:New World warbler
459:T. o. intermedius
372:Emberiza olivacea
264:
263:
258:
240:Emberiza olivacea
187:T. olivaceus
176:
82:
5036:
4979:
4978:
4976:Tiaris-olivaceus
4966:
4965:
4953:
4952:
4940:
4939:
4927:
4926:
4914:
4913:
4901:
4900:
4888:
4887:
4875:
4874:
4862:
4861:
4849:
4848:
4836:
4835:
4823:
4822:
4810:
4809:
4800:
4799:
4787:
4786:
4774:
4773:
4771:A8E1B59A95F7CF95
4761:
4760:
4758:Tiaris_olivaceus
4748:
4747:
4737:
4736:
4735:
4733:Tiaris olivaceus
4722:
4721:
4720:
4703:Tiaris olivaceus
4690:
4300:Porphyrospizinae
3752:Catamblyrhynchus
3739:
3726:
3698:Xanthocephalinae
3403:
3393:
3383:
3370:
3357:
3269:Rhodinocichlidae
3235:Phaenicophilidae
3151:
2587:
2574:
2413:
2403:
2393:
2341:
2317:
2272:
2248:
2154:
2123:
2092:
2054:
2044:
2017:
2008:
1995:
1347:
1338:
1325:
1265:
1258:
1251:
1242:
1231:Tiaris olivaceus
1213:
1191:
1185:
1162:
1161:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1120:
1105:
1104:
1086:
1067:
1066:
1054:
1046:Olson, Storrs L.
1042:
1031:
1030:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1011:
1009:
986:
977:
976:
948:
942:
941:
901:
892:
891:
864:
858:
857:
855:
853:
837:
831:
830:
817:
811:
810:
787:
778:
776:
763:
757:
756:
754:
752:
747:
724:Tiaris olivaceus
717:
581:Greater Antilles
434:are recognised:
425:Darwin's finches
281:Tiaris olivaceus
250:
244:
225:
207:
205:Tiaris olivaceus
171:
97:
96:
76:
71:
70:
47:
38:Male in Jamaica
33:
21:
5044:
5043:
5039:
5038:
5037:
5035:
5034:
5033:
5009:Birds of Mexico
4989:
4988:
4987:
4982:
4974:
4969:
4961:
4956:
4948:
4945:Observation.org
4943:
4935:
4930:
4922:
4917:
4909:
4904:
4896:
4891:
4883:
4878:
4870:
4865:
4857:
4852:
4844:
4839:
4831:
4826:
4818:
4813:
4805:
4803:
4795:
4790:
4782:
4777:
4769:
4764:
4756:
4751:
4745:
4740:
4731:
4730:
4725:
4716:
4715:
4710:
4697:
4687:
4674:
4669:Wetmorethraupis
4599:Poecilostreptus
4465:
4368:
4348:
4321:
4294:
4176:
4156:
4115:
4067:
4033:
3929:
3895:
3784:
3779:Parkerthraustes
3763:Charitospizinae
3757:
3733:
3712:
3692:
3665:
3645:
3631:Dolichonychinae
3625:
3591:
3571:
3411:
3364:
3343:
3323:
3303:
3283:
3263:
3229:
2996:
2857:
2837:
2803:
2783:
2763:
2743:
2639:
2625:Calyptophilidae
2619:
2581:
2560:
2540:
2520:
2468:
2448:
2421:
2365:Rhynchostruthus
2157:Dysmorodrepanis
2002:
1981:
1961:
1934:
1920:Urocynchramidae
1914:
1894:
1776:
1703:
1620:
1565:
1495:Lagonostictinae
1489:
1406:
1379:
1332:
1319:
1275:
1269:
1202:
1199:
1194:
1183:
1175:
1171:
1169:Further reading
1166:
1165:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1135:
1122:
1121:
1108:
1101:
1088:
1087:
1070:
1052:
1044:
1043:
1034:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1007:
1005:
988:
987:
980:
950:
949:
945:
903:
902:
895:
866:
865:
861:
851:
849:
848:. Lynx Edicions
839:
838:
834:
819:
818:
814:
789:
788:
781:
765:
764:
760:
750:
748:
719:
718:
711:
706:
694:Meta Department
674:
653:
647:-like fashion.
625:
577:
565:
537:
490:T. o. olivaceus
365:twelfth edition
360:Systema Naturae
347:binomial system
319:
303:Central America
248:Tiaris olivacea
242:
216:
209:
203:
190:
170:
91:
83:
72:
68:
61:
17:
16:Species of bird
12:
11:
5:
5042:
5040:
5032:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4991:
4990:
4984:
4983:
4981:
4980:
4967:
4954:
4941:
4928:
4915:
4902:
4889:
4876:
4863:
4850:
4837:
4824:
4811:
4801:
4788:
4775:
4762:
4749:
4738:
4723:
4707:
4705:
4699:
4698:
4693:
4684:
4683:
4680:
4679:
4676:
4675:
4673:
4672:
4665:
4658:
4651:
4644:
4637:
4634:Stephanophorus
4630:
4623:
4620:Schistochlamys
4616:
4609:
4606:Pseudosaltator
4602:
4595:
4588:
4581:
4574:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4546:
4539:
4532:
4525:
4518:
4511:
4508:Chalcothraupis
4504:
4497:
4490:
4483:
4475:
4473:
4467:
4466:
4464:
4463:
4456:
4453:Trichothraupis
4449:
4442:
4435:
4428:
4421:
4414:
4407:
4400:
4393:
4390:Coryphospingus
4386:
4378:
4376:
4370:
4369:
4367:
4366:
4358:
4356:
4350:
4349:
4347:
4346:
4339:
4331:
4329:
4323:
4322:
4320:
4319:
4312:
4304:
4302:
4296:
4295:
4293:
4292:
4285:
4278:
4271:
4264:
4257:
4250:
4243:
4236:
4229:
4222:
4219:Kleinothraupis
4215:
4208:
4201:
4194:
4186:
4184:
4178:
4177:
4175:
4174:
4166:
4164:
4158:
4157:
4155:
4154:
4147:
4140:
4133:
4130:Compsothraupis
4125:
4123:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4106:
4099:
4092:
4085:
4077:
4075:
4073:Hemithraupinae
4069:
4068:
4066:
4065:
4058:
4051:
4043:
4041:
4039:Emberizoidinae
4035:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4024:
4017:
4010:
4003:
3996:
3989:
3982:
3975:
3968:
3961:
3954:
3947:
3939:
3937:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3927:
3920:
3913:
3905:
3903:
3897:
3896:
3894:
3893:
3886:
3879:
3872:
3865:
3858:
3851:
3844:
3837:
3830:
3823:
3816:
3809:
3802:
3794:
3792:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3782:
3775:
3767:
3765:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3755:
3747:
3745:
3735:
3734:
3729:
3722:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3714:
3713:
3711:
3710:
3707:Xanthocephalus
3702:
3700:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3690:
3683:
3675:
3673:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3655:
3653:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3643:
3635:
3633:
3627:
3626:
3624:
3623:
3616:
3609:
3601:
3599:
3593:
3592:
3590:
3589:
3581:
3579:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3569:
3562:
3555:
3548:
3541:
3534:
3527:
3520:
3513:
3506:
3499:
3492:
3485:
3478:
3471:
3464:
3457:
3450:
3443:
3436:
3429:
3421:
3419:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3409:
3399:
3389:
3378:
3376:
3374:incertae sedis
3366:
3365:
3360:
3353:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3341:
3340:
3339:
3333:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3321:
3313:
3311:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3301:
3293:
3291:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3281:
3273:
3271:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3254:
3251:Phaenicophilus
3247:
3239:
3237:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3220:
3213:
3206:
3199:
3192:
3185:
3178:
3171:
3164:
3157:
3147:
3140:
3133:
3126:
3119:
3112:
3105:
3098:
3091:
3084:
3077:
3070:
3063:
3060:Artemisiospiza
3056:
3049:
3042:
3039:Amphispizopsis
3035:
3028:
3021:
3014:
3006:
3004:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2994:
2987:
2980:
2973:
2966:
2959:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2917:
2910:
2903:
2896:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2867:
2865:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2855:
2847:
2845:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2828:
2821:
2813:
2811:
2809:Mitrospingidae
2805:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2793:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2781:
2780:
2779:
2773:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2761:
2753:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2734:
2727:
2720:
2713:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2675:Chlorothraupis
2671:
2668:Caryothraustes
2664:
2657:
2649:
2647:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2629:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2610:
2603:
2595:
2593:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2570:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2558:
2557:
2556:
2550:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2530:
2528:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2518:
2511:
2504:
2497:
2490:
2482:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2458:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2439:
2431:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2409:
2399:
2389:
2382:
2375:
2368:
2361:
2354:
2347:
2337:
2330:
2323:
2313:
2306:
2299:
2292:
2285:
2278:
2268:
2261:
2254:
2244:
2237:
2230:
2223:
2216:
2209:
2202:
2195:
2188:
2181:
2174:
2167:
2160:
2150:
2143:
2136:
2133:Coccothraustes
2129:
2119:
2116:Chrysocorythus
2112:
2109:Chlorodrepanis
2105:
2098:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2060:
2050:
2040:
2033:
2025:
2023:
2014:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1971:
1969:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1952:
1944:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1924:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1912:
1904:
1902:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1871:
1864:
1857:
1850:
1843:
1836:
1829:
1822:
1815:
1808:
1801:
1794:
1786:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1767:
1760:
1753:
1750:Onychostruthus
1746:
1743:Montifringilla
1739:
1736:Hypocryptadius
1732:
1725:
1717:
1715:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1694:
1687:
1680:
1673:
1666:
1659:
1652:
1645:
1638:
1630:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1611:
1604:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1575:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1556:
1549:
1542:
1535:
1528:
1521:
1514:
1511:Euschistospiza
1507:
1499:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1487:
1480:
1473:
1466:
1459:
1452:
1445:
1438:
1431:
1424:
1416:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1404:
1397:
1389:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1370:
1363:
1355:
1353:
1344:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1317:
1311:
1305:
1299:
1293:
1287:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1270:
1268:
1267:
1260:
1253:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1226:
1220:
1214:
1198:
1197:External links
1195:
1193:
1192:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1140:
1133:
1106:
1099:
1068:
1032:
1015:
978:
959:(3): 329–354.
943:
893:
878:. 2nd Series.
859:
832:
821:Linnaeus, Carl
812:
779:
758:
708:
707:
705:
702:
673:
670:
652:
649:
637:inflorescences
624:
621:
585:migratory bird
576:
573:
564:
561:
536:
533:
532:
531:
521:
506:Cayman Islands
487:
470:
456:
444:, 1827 – east
439:T. o. pusillus
407:in the family
331:Saint-Domingue
318:
315:
262:
261:
260:
259:
245:
234:
233:
227:
226:
218:
217:
210:
199:
198:
192:
191:
184:
182:
178:
177:
163:
159:
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153:
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148:
143:
139:
138:
133:
129:
128:
123:
119:
118:
113:
109:
108:
103:
99:
98:
85:
84:
66:
63:
62:
57:
54:
53:
49:
48:
40:
39:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5041:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4996:
4994:
4977:
4972:
4968:
4964:
4959:
4955:
4951:
4946:
4942:
4938:
4933:
4929:
4925:
4920:
4916:
4912:
4907:
4903:
4899:
4894:
4890:
4886:
4881:
4877:
4873:
4868:
4864:
4860:
4855:
4851:
4847:
4842:
4838:
4834:
4829:
4825:
4821:
4816:
4812:
4808:
4802:
4798:
4793:
4789:
4785:
4780:
4776:
4772:
4767:
4763:
4759:
4754:
4750:
4743:
4739:
4734:
4728:
4724:
4719:
4713:
4709:
4708:
4706:
4704:
4700:
4696:
4691:
4671:
4670:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4659:
4657:
4656:
4652:
4650:
4649:
4645:
4643:
4642:
4638:
4636:
4635:
4631:
4629:
4628:
4627:Sporathraupis
4624:
4622:
4621:
4617:
4615:
4614:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4603:
4601:
4600:
4596:
4594:
4593:
4589:
4587:
4586:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4575:
4573:
4572:
4568:
4566:
4565:
4561:
4559:
4558:
4554:
4552:
4551:
4547:
4545:
4544:
4540:
4538:
4537:
4536:Cnemathraupis
4533:
4531:
4530:
4526:
4524:
4523:
4519:
4517:
4516:
4512:
4510:
4509:
4505:
4503:
4502:
4498:
4496:
4495:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4484:
4482:
4481:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4472:
4468:
4462:
4461:
4457:
4455:
4454:
4450:
4448:
4447:
4443:
4441:
4440:
4436:
4434:
4433:
4429:
4427:
4426:
4422:
4420:
4419:
4415:
4413:
4412:
4411:Heliothraupis
4408:
4406:
4405:
4401:
4399:
4398:
4394:
4392:
4391:
4387:
4385:
4384:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4375:
4374:Tachyphoninae
4371:
4365:
4364:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4355:
4354:Sporophilinae
4351:
4345:
4344:
4340:
4338:
4337:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4328:
4324:
4318:
4317:
4313:
4311:
4310:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4301:
4297:
4291:
4290:
4286:
4284:
4283:
4279:
4277:
4276:
4272:
4270:
4269:
4265:
4263:
4262:
4261:Pseudospingus
4258:
4256:
4255:
4251:
4249:
4248:
4244:
4242:
4241:
4237:
4235:
4234:
4230:
4228:
4227:
4223:
4221:
4220:
4216:
4214:
4213:
4209:
4207:
4206:
4202:
4200:
4199:
4195:
4193:
4192:
4191:Castanozoster
4188:
4187:
4185:
4183:
4179:
4173:
4172:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4163:
4162:Orchesticinae
4159:
4153:
4152:
4148:
4146:
4145:
4141:
4139:
4138:
4134:
4132:
4131:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4122:
4118:
4112:
4111:
4107:
4105:
4104:
4103:Heterospingus
4100:
4098:
4097:
4093:
4091:
4090:
4086:
4084:
4083:
4082:Chrysothlypis
4079:
4078:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4064:
4063:
4059:
4057:
4056:
4052:
4050:
4049:
4045:
4044:
4042:
4040:
4036:
4030:
4029:
4025:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4016:
4015:
4011:
4009:
4008:
4004:
4002:
4001:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3988:
3987:
3983:
3981:
3980:
3976:
3974:
3973:
3969:
3967:
3966:
3962:
3960:
3959:
3955:
3953:
3952:
3948:
3946:
3945:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3936:
3932:
3926:
3925:
3921:
3919:
3918:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3907:
3906:
3904:
3902:
3898:
3892:
3891:
3887:
3885:
3884:
3880:
3878:
3877:
3873:
3871:
3870:
3866:
3864:
3863:
3859:
3857:
3856:
3852:
3850:
3849:
3845:
3843:
3842:
3838:
3836:
3835:
3831:
3829:
3828:
3824:
3822:
3821:
3817:
3815:
3814:
3810:
3808:
3807:
3803:
3801:
3800:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3791:
3787:
3781:
3780:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3764:
3760:
3754:
3753:
3749:
3748:
3746:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3727:
3723:
3709:
3708:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3699:
3695:
3689:
3688:
3684:
3682:
3681:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3672:
3668:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3652:
3648:
3642:
3641:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3632:
3628:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3615:
3614:
3610:
3608:
3607:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3598:
3594:
3588:
3587:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3578:
3577:Amblycercinae
3574:
3568:
3567:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3554:
3553:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3545:Pseudoleistes
3542:
3540:
3539:
3535:
3533:
3532:
3528:
3526:
3525:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3517:Macroagelaius
3514:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3493:
3491:
3490:
3486:
3484:
3483:
3479:
3477:
3476:
3472:
3470:
3469:
3465:
3463:
3462:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3451:
3449:
3448:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3437:
3435:
3434:
3430:
3428:
3427:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3418:
3414:
3408:
3407:
3406:Pyelorhamphus
3400:
3398:
3397:
3390:
3388:
3387:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3358:
3354:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3326:
3320:
3319:
3315:
3314:
3312:
3310:
3309:Teretistridae
3306:
3300:
3299:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3290:
3286:
3280:
3279:
3278:Rhodinocichla
3275:
3274:
3272:
3270:
3266:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3226:
3225:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3141:
3139:
3138:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3127:
3125:
3124:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3090:
3089:
3088:Chlorospingus
3085:
3083:
3082:
3078:
3076:
3075:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3064:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3048:
3047:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3036:
3034:
3033:
3029:
3027:
3026:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3008:
3007:
3005:
3003:
3002:Passerellidae
2999:
2993:
2992:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2951:
2950:
2946:
2944:
2943:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2932:
2930:
2929:
2925:
2923:
2922:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2895:
2894:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2864:
2860:
2854:
2853:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2844:
2843:Nesospingidae
2840:
2834:
2833:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2810:
2806:
2800:
2799:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2777:
2776:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2766:
2760:
2759:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2717:Periporphyrus
2714:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2684:
2683:
2679:
2677:
2676:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2636:
2635:
2634:Calyptophilus
2631:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2622:
2616:
2615:
2614:Rhynchophanes
2611:
2609:
2608:
2607:Plectrophenax
2604:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2575:
2571:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2526:Peucedramidae
2523:
2517:
2516:
2515:Tmetothylacus
2512:
2510:
2509:
2505:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2494:Dendronanthus
2491:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2465:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2455:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2410:
2408:
2407:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2390:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2334:Pyrrhoplectes
2331:
2329:
2328:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2314:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2305:
2304:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2291:
2290:
2286:
2284:
2283:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2260:
2259:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2245:
2243:
2242:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2231:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2210:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2159:
2158:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2051:
2049:
2048:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1992:
1975:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1951:
1950:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1929:Urocynchramus
1926:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1875:Pseudonigrita
1872:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1842:
1841:
1837:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1795:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1752:
1751:
1747:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1710:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1686:
1685:
1684:Stagonopleura
1681:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1458:
1457:
1456:Glaucestrilda
1453:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1326:
1322:
1316:
1313:Superfamily:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1298:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1266:
1261:
1259:
1254:
1252:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1189:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1144:
1141:
1136:
1134:0-7136-6418-5
1130:
1126:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1102:
1100:0-8014-9600-4
1096:
1092:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1065:(3): 339–346.
1064:
1060:
1059:
1051:
1047:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1027:
1019:
1016:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
985:
983:
979:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
947:
944:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
900:
898:
894:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
863:
860:
847:
843:
836:
833:
828:
827:
822:
816:
813:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
786:
784:
780:
774:
773:
768:
762:
759:
746:
741:
737:
733:
732:
727:
725:
716:
714:
710:
703:
701:
699:
695:
691:
687:
686:deforestation
683:
679:
678:Least Concern
671:
669:
667:
663:
659:
650:
648:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
622:
620:
618:
614:
610:
606:
600:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
574:
572:
570:
562:
560:
556:
554:
550:
546:
542:
534:
529:
525:
524:T. o. bryanti
522:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
488:
485:
481:
477:
474:
473:T. o. ravidus
471:
468:
464:
460:
457:
455:
451:
447:
443:
440:
437:
436:
435:
433:
428:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
401:
399:
395:
391:
388:
384:
380:
377:
376:specific name
373:
370:
369:binomial name
366:
362:
361:
356:
355:Carl Linnaeus
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
316:
314:
312:
308:
307:South America
304:
300:
299:
294:
290:
287:
283:
282:
277:
268:
256:
255:
249:
246:
241:
238:
237:
235:
232:
228:
224:
219:
214:
208:
206:
200:
197:
196:Binomial name
193:
189:
188:
183:
180:
179:
174:
169:
168:
164:
161:
160:
157:
154:
151:
150:
147:
146:Passeriformes
144:
141:
140:
137:
134:
131:
130:
127:
124:
121:
120:
117:
114:
111:
110:
107:
104:
101:
100:
95:
90:
86:
80:
75:
74:Least Concern
64:
60:
55:
50:
46:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
4702:
4667:
4660:
4655:Tephrophilus
4653:
4646:
4639:
4632:
4625:
4618:
4611:
4604:
4597:
4590:
4583:
4576:
4571:Lophospingus
4569:
4562:
4555:
4548:
4541:
4534:
4527:
4520:
4515:Chlorochrysa
4513:
4506:
4499:
4492:
4485:
4480:Anisognathus
4478:
4458:
4451:
4444:
4439:Rhodospingus
4437:
4430:
4423:
4416:
4409:
4402:
4395:
4388:
4383:Conothraupis
4381:
4361:
4343:Saltatricula
4341:
4334:
4327:Saltatorinae
4314:
4307:
4287:
4280:
4273:
4266:
4259:
4254:Poospizopsis
4252:
4245:
4238:
4231:
4226:Microspingus
4224:
4217:
4210:
4203:
4196:
4189:
4169:
4151:Sericossypha
4149:
4142:
4135:
4128:
4108:
4101:
4096:Hemithraupis
4094:
4089:Chlorophanes
4087:
4080:
4060:
4055:Emberizoides
4053:
4048:Coryphaspiza
4046:
4026:
4019:
4012:
4005:
3998:
3991:
3984:
3977:
3972:Geospizopsis
3970:
3963:
3956:
3949:
3942:
3922:
3915:
3908:
3888:
3881:
3876:Pinaroloxias
3874:
3867:
3860:
3853:
3846:
3839:
3832:
3825:
3818:
3811:
3806:Camarhynchus
3804:
3797:
3777:
3772:Charitospiza
3770:
3750:
3705:
3685:
3678:
3671:Sturnellinae
3658:
3638:
3618:
3611:
3604:
3584:
3564:
3557:
3550:
3543:
3536:
3529:
3522:
3515:
3508:
3501:
3494:
3487:
3480:
3473:
3466:
3459:
3452:
3447:Amblyramphus
3445:
3438:
3431:
3424:
3404:
3394:
3384:
3373:
3316:
3296:
3276:
3256:
3249:
3242:
3222:
3215:
3208:
3203:Spizelloides
3201:
3194:
3189:Rhynchospiza
3187:
3180:
3173:
3166:
3159:
3152:
3142:
3135:
3128:
3123:Oreothraupis
3121:
3114:
3107:
3100:
3093:
3086:
3079:
3072:
3065:
3058:
3051:
3044:
3037:
3030:
3023:
3016:
3009:
2989:
2982:
2975:
2970:Protonotaria
2968:
2961:
2954:
2947:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2921:Limnothlypis
2919:
2912:
2905:
2898:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2872:Basileuterus
2870:
2850:
2830:
2825:Mitrospingus
2823:
2816:
2796:
2756:
2736:
2729:
2722:
2715:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2673:
2666:
2659:
2652:
2645:Cardinalidae
2632:
2612:
2605:
2598:
2579:Emberizoidea
2546:Emberizoidea
2533:
2513:
2506:
2499:
2492:
2485:
2478:Motacillidae
2461:
2454:Fringillinae
2441:
2436:Chlorophonia
2434:
2414:
2404:
2394:
2384:
2377:
2370:
2363:
2356:
2349:
2344:Rhodacanthis
2342:
2332:
2325:
2320:Psittirostra
2318:
2310:Pseudonestor
2308:
2303:Procarduelis
2301:
2294:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2263:
2256:
2251:Melamprosops
2249:
2239:
2232:
2225:
2218:
2211:
2204:
2197:
2190:
2185:Hesperiphona
2183:
2176:
2169:
2162:
2155:
2145:
2138:
2131:
2124:
2114:
2107:
2100:
2093:
2083:
2076:
2071:Callacanthis
2069:
2062:
2055:
2045:
2037:Agraphospiza
2035:
2028:
2012:Fringillidae
1954:
1949:Anomalospiza
1947:
1927:
1907:
1887:
1880:
1873:
1866:
1859:
1852:
1845:
1838:
1831:
1824:
1817:
1810:
1803:
1796:
1789:
1769:
1762:
1755:
1748:
1741:
1734:
1727:
1720:
1696:
1689:
1682:
1675:
1670:Oreostruthus
1668:
1661:
1654:
1647:
1640:
1633:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1558:
1551:
1544:
1537:
1532:Lagonosticta
1530:
1523:
1516:
1509:
1502:
1482:
1475:
1468:
1461:
1454:
1447:
1442:Delacourella
1440:
1433:
1426:
1419:
1399:
1392:
1385:Erythrurinae
1372:
1365:
1358:
1307:Infraorder:
1230:
1207:
1187:
1157:
1153:
1143:
1124:
1090:
1062:
1056:
1025:
1018:
1006:. Retrieved
1001:
956:
952:
946:
913:
909:
882:: 433–442 .
879:
875:
862:
850:. Retrieved
845:
835:
825:
815:
798:
794:
771:
761:
749:. Retrieved
735:
729:
723:
675:
672:Conservation
654:
626:
601:
578:
568:
566:
557:
538:
523:
489:
480:Coiba Island
472:
458:
438:
429:
402:
398:monophyletic
389:
378:
371:
358:
357:updated his
342:
338:
327:Ornithologie
326:
320:
297:
296:
280:
279:
275:
273:
252:
247:
239:
204:
202:
186:
185:
166:
165:
18:
4932:Neotropical
4906:NatureServe
4867:iNaturalist
4727:Wikispecies
4578:Neothraupis
4564:Ixothraupis
4557:Iridosornis
4501:Calochaetes
4446:Tachyphonus
4432:Ramphocelus
4289:Xenospingus
4282:Urothraupis
4233:Nephelornis
4212:Donacospiza
4198:Cnemoscopus
4182:Poospizinae
4171:Orchesticus
4137:Cyanicterus
4110:Iridophanes
3958:Conirostrum
3944:Acanthidops
3935:Diglossinae
3855:Melanospiza
3620:Psarocolius
3586:Amblycercus
3503:Hypopyrrhus
3496:Gymnomystax
3489:Gnorimopsar
3440:Agelasticus
3426:Agelaioides
3338:See below ↓
3318:Teretistris
3289:Spindalidae
3224:Zonotrichia
3137:Passerculus
3074:Calamospiza
2956:Oreothlypis
2942:Myiothlypis
2914:Leiothlypis
2900:Helmitheros
2886:Catharopeza
2852:Nesospingus
2818:Lamprospiza
2778:See below ↓
2749:Emberizidae
2696:Granatellus
2682:Cyanocompsa
2654:Amaurospiza
2591:Calcariidae
2555:See below ↓
2535:Peucedramus
2427:Euphoniinae
2351:Rhodopechys
2289:Paroreomyza
2275:Orthiospiza
2199:Leucosticte
2178:Hemignathus
2021:Carduelinae
1976:See below ↓
1900:Prunellidae
1861:Plocepasser
1854:Philetairus
1791:Amblyospiza
1698:Taeniopygia
1656:Heteromunia
1626:Poephilinae
1587:Lepidopygia
1571:Lonchurinae
1560:Uraeginthus
1553:Spermophaga
1435:Cryptospiza
1412:Estrildinae
1374:Ortygospiza
1351:Amandavinae
1342:Estrildidae
1330:Passeroidea
1315:Passeroidea
1008:15 November
990:Gill, Frank
801:: 317–335.
791:Allen, J.A.
751:12 November
629:grass seeds
535:Description
528:Puerto Rico
500:(including
482:(off south
409:Emberizidae
4993:Categories
4971:Xeno-canto
4592:Pipraeidea
4522:Chlorornis
4494:Buthraupis
4471:Thraupinae
4363:Sporophila
4316:Rhopospina
4275:Thlypopsis
4268:Sphenopsis
4121:Nemosiinae
4062:Embernagra
4028:Xenodacnis
3993:Melanodera
3979:Haplospiza
3883:Platyspiza
3862:Melopyrrha
3848:Loxipasser
3799:Asemospiza
3790:Coerebinae
3731:Thraupidae
3640:Dolichonyx
3613:Cassiculus
3597:Cassicinae
3566:Xanthopsar
3510:Lampropsar
3417:Agelaiinae
3396:Pandanaris
3329:Thraupidae
3244:Microligea
3210:Torreornis
3154:Pedinorhis
3144:Passerella
3095:Chondestes
3053:Arremonops
3032:Amphispiza
3018:Ammodramus
2893:Geothlypis
2879:Cardellina
2832:Orthogonys
2789:Icteriidae
2724:Pheucticus
2689:Cyanoloxia
2661:Cardinalis
2416:Xestospiza
2396:Vangulifer
2358:Rhodospiza
2265:Oreomystis
2171:Haemorhous
2095:Chloridops
2085:Carpodacus
1889:Sporopipes
1840:Histurgops
1819:Dinemellia
1812:Bubalornis
1805:Brachycope
1798:Anaplectes
1771:Pyrgilauda
1722:Carpospiza
1713:Passeridae
1691:Stizoptera
1635:Aidemosyne
1615:Spermestes
1601:Mayrimunia
1539:Pyrenestes
1504:Clytospiza
1484:Parmoptila
1470:Nesocharis
1428:Coccopygia
1301:Suborder:
1271:Genera of
704:References
662:embankment
617:emberizids
613:seedeaters
549:supercilia
545:subspecies
541:seedeaters
520:and Haiti)
514:Hispaniola
432:subspecies
417:Thraupidae
309:, and the
293:Thraupidae
156:Thraupidae
4460:Volatinia
4404:Eucometis
4397:Creurgops
4309:Incaspiza
4240:Piezorina
4205:Cypsnagra
4007:Phrygilus
4000:Nesospiza
3951:Catamenia
3910:Cyanerpes
3869:Phonipara
3841:Loxigilla
3827:Euneornis
3813:Certhidea
3687:Sturnella
3651:Icterinae
3559:Quiscalus
3552:Ptiloxena
3524:Molothrus
3461:Chrysomus
3386:Cremaster
3362:Icteridae
3298:Spindalis
3258:Xenoligea
3217:Xenospiza
3182:Pooecetes
3168:Pezopetes
3109:Melospiza
3081:Centronyx
3067:Atlapetes
3025:Ammospiza
3011:Aimophila
2991:Vermivora
2984:Setophaga
2949:Oporornis
2935:Myioborus
2928:Mniotilta
2907:Leucopeza
2863:Parulidae
2769:Icteridae
2710:Passerina
2600:Calcarius
2508:Motacilla
2463:Fringilla
2406:Viridonia
2386:Telespiza
2258:Mycerobas
2227:Loxioides
2192:Himatione
2140:Crithagra
2078:Carduelis
2064:Bucanetes
2047:Aidemedia
1826:Euplectes
1782:Ploceidae
1518:Granatina
1463:Mandingoa
1421:Brunhilda
1401:Erythrura
1309:Passerida
1283:Kingdom:
916:: 41–77.
807:2246/6788
692:slope of
611:(such as
569:ttttt-tee
478:, 1957 –
454:Venezuela
421:subfamily
383:Neo-Latin
379:olivaceus
311:Caribbean
286:passerine
181:Species:
112:Kingdom:
106:Eukaryota
4911:2.103252
4898:22723603
4833:45510488
4784:22723603
4779:BirdLife
4712:Wikidata
4662:Thraupis
4641:Stilpnia
4585:Paroaria
4529:Cissopis
4425:Loriotus
4336:Saltator
4247:Poospiza
4014:Rowettia
3986:Idiopsar
3965:Diglossa
3901:Dacninae
3834:Geospiza
3538:Oreopsar
3531:Nesopsar
3482:Euphagus
3433:Agelaius
3196:Spizella
3130:Oriturus
3116:Melozone
2963:Parkesia
2758:Emberiza
2501:Macronyx
2443:Euphonia
2327:Pyrrhula
2296:Pinicola
2282:Palmeria
2213:Linurgus
2147:Drepanis
2126:Ciridops
2030:Acanthis
1940:Viduidae
1909:Prunella
1847:Malimbus
1764:Petronia
1729:Gymnoris
1677:Poephila
1663:Neochmia
1642:Bathilda
1594:Lonchura
1525:Hypargos
1449:Estrilda
1394:Chloebia
1367:Amandava
1291:Chordata
1289:Phylum:
1285:Animalia
1179:(1954).
1154:Caldasia
973:27394344
938:24583021
870:(1827).
823:(1766).
769:(1760).
698:Colombia
651:Breeding
609:tanagers
442:Swainson
363:for the
317:Taxonomy
231:Synonyms
213:Linnaeus
173:Swainson
152:Family:
126:Chordata
122:Phylum:
116:Animalia
102:Domain:
79:IUCN 3.1
4937:yefgra1
4846:5231037
4820:yefgra1
4807:yefgra1
4766:Avibase
4718:Q728336
4648:Tangara
4613:Rauenia
4550:Dubusia
4487:Bangsia
4144:Nemosia
4021:Sicalis
3924:Tersina
3820:Coereba
3680:Leistes
3660:Icterus
3606:Cacicus
3468:Curaeus
3454:Anumara
3161:Peucaea
3046:Arremon
2977:Seiurus
2798:Icteria
2731:Piranga
2372:Serinus
2241:Magumma
2206:Linaria
2164:Eophona
2102:Chloris
2057:Akialoa
1868:Ploceus
1649:Emblema
1580:Euodice
1546:Pytilia
1477:Nigrita
1360:Amadina
1303:Passeri
1295:Class:
953:Zootaxa
918:Bibcode
852:2 April
680:by the
641:foliage
633:insects
593:Florida
510:Jamaica
504:), the
476:Wetmore
467:Cozumel
463:Ridgway
450:Ecuador
284:) is a
215:, 1766)
162:Genus:
142:Order:
132:Class:
77: (
4963:227256
4924:592668
4885:726207
4746:yefagr
3917:Dacnis
3890:Tiaris
3175:Pipilo
2487:Anthus
2379:Spinus
2234:Loxops
1882:Quelea
1833:Foudia
1757:Passer
1131:
1097:
971:
936:
690:Andean
666:clutch
615:) and
603:where
597:Hawaii
484:Panama
446:Mexico
411:, but
390:Tiaris
298:Tiaris
254:lapsus
175:, 1827
167:Tiaris
4950:79003
4872:73504
4815:eBird
4804:BOW:
4797:98037
4543:Diuca
4418:Lanio
3475:Dives
3102:Junco
2738:Spiza
2703:Habia
2220:Loxia
1956:Vidua
1608:Padda
1184:(PDF)
1053:(PDF)
643:in a
589:Texas
516:(the
430:Five
387:genus
335:Haiti
333:(now
4919:NCBI
4893:IUCN
4880:ITIS
4841:GBIF
4792:BOLD
1297:Aves
1129:ISBN
1095:ISBN
1010:2020
969:PMID
957:4088
934:PMID
854:2018
753:2021
736:2018
682:IUCN
658:bast
623:Diet
605:lawn
591:and
563:Call
553:beak
512:and
498:Cuba
452:and
289:bird
274:The
136:Aves
4854:IBC
4828:EoL
4753:ADW
4742:ABA
1234:at
1063:101
961:doi
926:doi
884:doi
803:hdl
740:doi
696:in
448:to
381:is
4995::
4973::
4960::
4947::
4934::
4921::
4908::
4895::
4882::
4869::
4856::
4843::
4830::
4817::
4794::
4781::
4768::
4755::
4744::
4729::
4714::
1206:.
1186:.
1158:24
1156:.
1152:.
1109:^
1071:^
1061:.
1055:.
1035:^
1000:.
981:^
967:.
955:.
932:.
924:.
914:75
912:.
908:.
896:^
874:.
844:.
799:28
797:.
782:^
734:.
728:.
712:^
700:.
599:.
508:,
496:;
427:.
313:.
305:,
3402:†
3392:†
3382:†
3150:†
2412:†
2402:†
2392:†
2340:†
2316:†
2271:†
2247:†
2153:†
2122:†
2091:†
2053:†
2043:†
1264:e
1257:t
1250:v
1212:.
1137:.
1103:.
1012:.
975:.
963::
940:.
928::
920::
890:.
886::
880:1
856:.
809:.
805::
755:.
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