235:
seizure to protect Korean sovereignty. Upon the
Japanese occupation of Korea by military force, Yi was ordered to return to Korea. However, he disobeyed the order of Minister of Foreign Affairs, and maintained his position as a minister to Russia until the end of Russo-Japanese War. He rather obeyed the order of the Emperor, which decreed him to ignore Japanese pressure to return to Korea and stay at Russia. The Russian government gave Yi 7,325 Ruble every three months as a message of opposing Japanese tyranny in Korea. This financial aid was given from February 1904 to December 1905. Although as an unofficial envoy, Yi served the emperor by delivering his diplomatic letters to
328:
349:
31:
452:
266:. Yi attempted to foster anti-Japanese sentiment by supporting the establishments of Korean presses; he also sponsored and organized Korean righteous armies. By 1908, the righteous armies in the region estimated about 3,000 to 4,000 men. When Choi Jae-hyeon and Yi Bum-yun were organizing the Dongin hui, Yi sent his son
234:
As a Korean ambassador in Russia, Yi endeavored to preserve the autonomy and rights of the Korean Empire. When
Russian envoy to Korea Nikolai G. Matiunine attempted to prolong logging rights, Yi showed his opposition to the contract. Furthermore, when Russian forces seized Yong-am Po, Yi opposed the
191:
In 1879, Yi Bum-jin passed the literary examination. Despite his low status as an illegitimate son, he climbed ranks in the government relatively quickly. After being appointed as Sixth Rank in July 1880, Yi was appointed as
Tongryewonjuatongrye (Third Rank) in August 1881. This was much faster than
305:. Both of his sons were officials of the Korean Empire and resisted against the Japanese rule of Korea. His first son, Yi Gi-jong returned to Korea in 1902 and started to serve as an official of Korean Empire as Artillery Department Leader of the
277:
Despite his dogged effort, the bleak destiny of Korea remained unchanged. As Korea was annexed by
Japanese, Yi felt great agony for that fact and committed suicide. After his death, Yi bequeathed his legacy to the Korean society in
222:
with other pro-Russian politicians. After the exile, Yi joined the pro-Russian cabinet as
Minister of Law on 22 February 1896. In June 1896, Yi was appointed as the Envoy to America. Upon his arrival, he met the president
204:, Yi developed anti-Qing sentiments; his father was punished by the Qing intervention after the incident. Furthermore, Yi personally had conflicts with Chinese people in Korea, which deepened his resentment.
673:
211:(later "Empress Myeongseong") initiated a pro-Russian policy to check Japanese influence. He was appointed as the Vice Minister of Agriculture and Industry but resigned after the
678:
219:
196:, who was also an illegitimate son and entered the officialdom at a similar time with Yi. This fast rise was based on Yi's family, which gave him a connection to the
313:
became evident, Yi Gi-jong resigned his office. He was under the surveillance of
Japanese because of the dogged resistance of his father and younger brother. After
255:
were being signed. Even though his efforts to receive
Russian support failed, Yi wholeheartedly supported these delegates by writing their declaration in French.
632:
619:
668:
290:
243:
was signed, his authority as a Korean minister in Russia forfeited, thus starting a grey-wave political refuge. While in Russia, he received
286:. Recognizing short term resistance would become vain, Yi underscored beneficiaries to use his legacy for educating the younger generation.
306:
212:
663:
252:
248:
227:
and announced the replacement of Korean envoy on 11 September. While in
America, Yi wrote a diary, which later became known as the
270:
and 10,000 rubles as funds. Ouitjyong's father-in-law Karl Joseph
Stainslaw Freiherr von Nolcken, who was a Russian governor of
360:
244:
541:
393:
503:
259:
251:. He exhorted for the support of the Russian government; however, the Russian government refused to help the Koreans as
215:. In November 1895, he participated in the Chunsang Gate Incident, but as the conspiracy failed, was exiled to Russia.
683:
240:
471:
247:
1st Class. After noticing that Korea is a participant of the convention, Yi assisted Korean delegates to the
172:. Yi's mother was a concubine; his family line goes back to Grand Prince Gwang-pyeong, who was 5th son of
156:; 3 September 1852 โ 13 January 1911) was a Korean diplomat, official, and politician during the reign of
658:
653:
339:
208:
169:
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Yi was born in 1852 as the son of Yi Gyeung-ha, a prominent politician during the regency of
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224:
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109:
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50:
274:, accompanied him, encouraging even greater resistance of the Korean society in Russia.
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and Beop Mu Guk Jang of the
Ministry of Law. After the Japanese victory of the
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182:
families that became military-based as the literary civil service exam (
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30:
184:
271:
147:
93:
620:"์ด๋ฒ์ง(ๆ็ฏๆ)์ ์๊ฒฐ(่ชๆฑบ) ์๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋ฌ์์์ ๋ฏธ์ฃผ ํ์ธ์ฌํ์ ๋ํฅ(ๅๅ) : 1905๋
์ดํ๋ฅผ ์ค์ฌ์ผ๋ก"
160:. He committed suicide after Korea was annexed by Japan in 1911.
289:
Posthumously, Yi received Presidential Commendation in 1963 and
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388:
519:
517:
262:, Yi shifted his attention to the Korean society in
119:
103:
87:
82:
66:
56:
46:
41:
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220:Gojong's internal exile to the Russian legation
218:Two years later, he returned to Korea, and led
674:Political office-holders of the Korean Empire
8:
151:
141:
29:
18:
679:Government officials of the Korean Empire
596:Veritable Records of the Joseon Dyansty.
207:Yi joined in the Pro-Russian party when
16:Korean official and diplomat (1852โ1911)
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291:Order of Merit for National Foundation
7:
497:
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489:
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317:was shot in 1909, he was arrested.
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14:
577:""์ง์ ๋
๋ฆฝ์ด๋ ์ง์ํ๋ค ๋
ธ์๊ฐ์ฌํ ์ด๊ธฐ์ข
์ถ ๋ณต์ํ์ฃ ""
91:3 September 1852 (Lunar Calendar)
347:
326:
301:Yi had two sons, Yi Gi-jong and
467:""๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ๋๋ฌด ๋ถ๋ฝ๋ค"โฆ์กฐ์ ์ธ๊ต๊ด์ ์ผ๊ธฐ ๋ค์ฌ๋ค๋ณด๋"
361:Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky
245:Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky
626:(26): 337โ387 – via KCI.
542:Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
394:Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
253:JapanโRussia Secret Agreements
152:
142:
1:
669:20th-century Korean diplomats
342:2nd class on 22 February 1901
176:. Yi's family was one of the
639:(25): 31โ61 – via KCI.
260:Hague Secret Emissary Affair
700:
664:19th-century Korean people
241:Japan-Korea Treaty of 1905
618:Ban, Byeong-ryul (2012).
258:After the failure of the
249:Hague Conventions of 1907
188:) became harder to pass.
127:
107:13 January 1911 (aged 58)
78:
37:
28:
472:The Korea Economic Daily
475:(in Korean). 2023-04-09
598:"๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ค์๊ฒ ํ๊ทน์ฅ์ ์์ฌํ๋ผ๊ณ ๋ช
ํ๋ค"
631:Oh, Youngsob (2005).
213:Queen's assassination
508:e-gonghun.mpva.go.kr
340:Order of the Taegeuk
307:Ministry of Military
633:"์๋ฏธ์ฌ๋ณ ์ด์ ์ด๋ฒ์ง์ ์ ์นํ๋"
170:Heungseon Daewongun
684:Suicides in Russia
311:Russo-Japanese War
239:. However, as the
123:Official, diplomat
575:Kang, Seong-man.
198:Yeoheung Min clan
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225:Grover Cleveland
174:Sejong the Great
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110:Saint Petersburg
83:Personal details
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59:
33:
19:
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441:, p. 9-11.
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42:Minister of Law
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565:, p. 342.
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526:, p. 362.
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485:
458:
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431:
419:
417:, p. 4-7.
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355:Russian Empire
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264:Primorsky Krai
165:
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129:
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125:
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114:Russian Empire
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98:Joseon Dynasty
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64:
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62:Cho Byeong-jik
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26:
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582:The Hankyoreh
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453:"(2) ์กฐ์ ์ ์ ๋ด๊ฐ"
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334:Korean Empire
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284:San Francisco
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547:. Retrieved
540:
531:
507:
477:. Retrieved
470:
461:
446:
434:
429:, p. 8.
422:
410:
399:. Retrieved
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345:
324:
315:Ito Hirobumi
303:Yi Ouitjyong
300:
288:
276:
268:Yi Ouitjyong
257:
233:
228:
217:
206:
202:Imo Incident
200:. After the
190:
183:
177:
167:
133:
132:
73:Han Kyu-seol
68:Succeeded by
659:1911 deaths
654:1852 births
545:(in Korean)
397:(in Korean)
280:Vladivostok
237:Nicholas II
150::
140::
58:Preceded by
648:Categories
549:2023-08-13
479:2023-08-13
401:2023-08-12
389:"์ด๋ฒ์ง(ๆ็ฏๆ)"
368:References
229:Misi Diary
194:Kim Ga-jin
134:Yi Bum-jin
120:Profession
23:Yi Bum-jin
637:ํ๊ตญ๋
๋ฆฝ์ด๋์ฌ์ฐ๊ตฌ
502:๊ณตํ์ ์์ฌ๋ฃ๊ด.
363:1st Class
293:in 1991.
209:Queen Min
164:Biography
563:Ban 2012
524:Ban 2012
612:Sources
451:์ ํธํ๊ตญ์ฌ.
439:Oh 2005
427:Oh 2005
415:Oh 2005
321:Honours
179:yangban
47:Monarch
352:
331:
297:Family
185:gwageo
158:Gojong
146:;
138:Korean
51:Gojong
624:ํ๊ตญํ์ฐ๊ตฌ
537:"์ด๋ฒ์ง"
504:"์ด๋ฒ์ง"
272:Tomsk
148:Hanja
94:Seoul
282:and
104:Died
88:Born
153:ๆ็ฏๆ
143:์ด๋ฒ์ง
650::
635:.
622:.
579:.
539:.
516:^
506:.
488:^
469:.
391:.
376:^
231:.
112:,
96:,
600:.
585:.
552:.
510:.
482:.
455:.
404:.
136:(
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