40:
451:
96:
773:
1946:
228:
1187:, who backed the Yihewani, persecuted the Salafi. The Yihewani forced the Salafis into hiding. They were not allowed to move or worship openly. The Yihewani had become modernist and Chinese nationalist, and they considered the Salafiyya to be "Heterodox" (xie jiao), and people who followed foreigner's teachings (waidao). Only after the Communists took over were the Salafis allowed to come out and worship openly.
1203:
has accused the
Chinese "Muslim Brotherhood" (the Yihewani) of being responsible for the moderation of Hui Muslims and the lack of Hui joining jihadist groups in addition to blaming other things for the lack of Hui Jihadists, such as the fact that for more than 300 years Hui and Uyghurs have been
1159:
Yihewani Imams reacted with hostility to Ma Debao and Ma
Zhengqing, who attempted to introduce Salafism as the main form of Islam. They were branded as traitors, and Wahhabi teachings were deemed as heresy by the Yihewani leaders. Ma Debao established a Salafi order, called the
65:
1204:
enemies of each other, no separatist
Islamist organizations among the Hui, the fact that the Hui view China as their home, and the fact that the "infidel Chinese" language is the language of the Hui.
1006:
tradition which was influenced by
Chinese culture. They put emphasis on the principle of "following the book and eliminating customs". Though the founder of the movement was inspired by the
2190:
1094:, the Yihewani was transformed from an anti assimilationist, fundamentalist brotherhood, into a modernist, Chinese nationalist sect which was supported by the Chinese Nationalist
2185:
1930:
1176:, and it is a completely separate sect than other Muslim sects in China. Sunni Muslim Hui avoid Salafis, even if they are family members, and constantly fight them.
641:
378:
810:
1082:
inspired teachings. The leaders of menhuans attacked Ma Wanfu, and the Gedimu requested that the Qing governor in
Lanzhou inflict punishment upon Ma Wanfu.
1791:
414:
1935:
1749:
363:
1728:
1337:
1910:
2326:
2316:
2311:
2296:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
707:
433:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
297:
122:
920:, are the three major sects of Islam in China. The Yihewani sect was labeled as the new teaching (xinjiao). In 1937 it divided into two groups.
2368:
1741:
1312:
399:
327:
261:
2331:
2321:
2306:
2301:
2291:
2286:
1525:
1380:
193:
60:
2373:
2007:
1880:
634:
456:
1672:
698:
1070:
captured Ma Wanfu, Ma
Anliang arranged to have him shipped to Gansu so he could execute him. As Qing authority broke down in China, the
601:
492:
350:
53:
702:
1491:
427:
147:
102:
728:
1737:
1618:
1585:
1552:
1446:
1413:
1347:
1253:
241:
1436:
937:
312:
1173:
949:
803:
659:
464:
173:
142:
1196:
469:
2270:
682:
2012:
1267:
Zhongguo de sanda jiaopai 中国的三大教派 bzw. kurz: Sanda jiaopai 三大教派: Gedimu 格底目 (Qadīm), Yihewani 伊赫瓦尼 (Ikhwānī), Xidaotang 西道堂.
1228:
1114:
1641:
1403:
1370:
2352:
1542:
540:
1608:
783:
748:
740:
569:
506:
204:
185:
134:
114:
694:
690:
686:
1915:
1841:
Ma Kexun 马克勋: "Zhongguo
Yisilanjiao Yihewanyi pai di changdaozhe - Ma Wanfu (Guoyuan)" 中国伊斯兰教伊赫瓦尼派的倡导者——马万福（果园） . In:
945:
796:
628:
528:
1765:
2027:
2002:
761:
722:
524:
2410:
1925:
1905:
1575:
1279:
Papers from the
Conference on Chinese Local Elites and Patterns of Dominance, Banff, August 20-24, 1987, Volume 3
474:
1873:
663:
337:
39:
510:
2405:
532:
655:
450:
1018:, but rather rejected the excessive veneration to Sufi masters and to their graves. They strictly follow
1691:
752:
617:
479:
234:
95:
1299:
1043:
607:
562:
556:
1277:
1987:
1920:
1866:
1110:
744:
444:
332:
2347:
1816:
865:
545:
536:
78:
30:
20:
1673:"Terrorism and Islamic Radicalization in Central Asia A Compendium of Recent Jamestown Analysis"
1845:, ed. Gansu Provincial Ethnology Department. Yinchuan: Ningxia Renmin chubanshe 1982 (Chinese)
1808:
1733:
1614:
1581:
1548:
1521:
1515:
1487:
1481:
1442:
1409:
1376:
1343:
1249:
732:
575:
2069:
1800:
1133:
961:
929:
895:
877:
827:
756:
736:
671:
612:
356:
222:
216:
1758:
The
Dongxiang People of Gansu - Ethnic, Religious and Local Identities (Religious Identity)
1757:
1486:. Vol. 3 of Religion in Chinese Societies (illustrated ed.). BRILL. p. 222.
2095:
2054:
1945:
1704:
1007:
953:
849:
520:
371:
320:
1783:
1467:
1324:
2017:
675:
667:
166:
160:
227:
2399:
2144:
2126:
2120:
2114:
1820:
777:
649:
581:
290:
284:
268:
200:
130:
73:
1577:
Between Mecca and
Beijing: modernization and consumption among urban Chinese Muslims
2089:
2084:
2074:
2064:
2049:
2043:
1960:
1161:
1067:
1047:
593:
391:
305:
181:
110:
1774:
956:
movement. After his return to Gansu, he founded the movement with the "ten major
2138:
2037:
1965:
1804:
1091:
587:
868:) is an Islamic sect in China. Its adherents are called Sunnaiti. It is of the
2132:
2102:
1970:
1889:
1180:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1106:
1095:
1059:
1027:
502:
272:
253:
249:
1812:
19:
For the Middle Eastern Islamist organization founded by Hassan al-Banna, see
2079:
2059:
1992:
1184:
1137:
1102:
917:
2108:
1997:
1852:
1848:
Ma Zhanbiao: "Yihewani jiaopei yu Ma Wanfu" (Yihewani and Ma Wanfu), In:
1782:
ALLÈS, ÉLISABETH; CHÉRIF-CHEBBI, LEÏLA; HALFON, CONSTANCE-HÉLÈNE (2003).
1213:
1122:
1063:
1031:
1011:
933:
407:
1799:(1). Translated from the French by Anne Evans. Keston Institute: 7–35.
1223:
1169:
1165:
1141:
1126:
1118:
1079:
1075:
987:
952:, Gansu Province) - who had studied in Mecca and was influenced by the
873:
1078:
Sufis went on a vicious campaign to murder Ma Wanfu and stamp out his
978:). He claimed that rites and ceremonies not standing in line with the
1233:
1218:
1071:
1019:
1015:
1003:
983:
969:
941:
913:
903:
885:
869:
835:
1156:
supported the Yihewani after they saw it being patronized by Ma Qi.
991:
979:
957:
1140:
to help modernize society, education, and reform old traditions.
1483:
Confucianism and Spiritual Traditions in Modern China and Beyond
1023:
1862:
1441:. Stanford California: Stanford University Press. p. 106.
1342:. Stanford California: Stanford University Press. p. 106.
1129:. The Salafis were crushed by the Yihewani during this period.
1050:. However, the Muslim rebels were crushed by loyalist Muslims.
990:(leader / teacher) worship and advocated against preaching and
1858:
1544:
China's Muslim Hui community: migration, settlement and sects
1405:
China's Muslim Hui community: migration, settlement and sects
226:
1775:
Muslim Chinese: ethnic nationalism in the People's Republic
1517:
Familiar strangers: a history of Muslims in Northwest China
1248:("Sea of words"), Shanghai cishu chubanshe, Shanghai 2002,
1098:
party, promoting modern secular education and nationalism.
1086:
Cooperation with the Kuomintang in the Republic of China
1642:"Jihad in China? Marketing the Turkistan Islamic Party"
1325:
Sects And Legal Schools Represented By Muslims In China
986:
should be abolished. He campaigned against grave and
2361:
2340:
2279:
2153:
2026:
1980:
1953:
1898:
1313:Kap.2.2.: "Birth and Growth of Sects and Menhuans"
1931:Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang
1520:. University of Washington Press. pp. 208–.
298:President of the Judicial Yuan and Chief Justice
1438:Remapping China: fissures in historical terrain
1339:Remapping China: fissures in historical terrain
1580:. Stanford University Press. pp. 79, 80.
1874:
1480:Yang, Fenggang; Tamney, Joseph, eds. (2011).
864:, not to be confused with the Middle Eastern
804:
8:
1107:Chinese National People's Party (Kuomintang)
928:It was the end of the 19th century when the
876:. It is also referred to as "new teaching" (
1792:Archives de sciences sociales des religions
1468:ALLÈS & CHÉRIF-CHEBBI & HALFON 2003
1046:the Yihewani backed the rebels against the
1010:, this reform movement, unlike that of the
1002:The follower of the sect radically opposed
912:). Ikhwan (Yihewani), together with Qadim (
1881:
1867:
1859:
1132:The Yihewani was patronized and backed by
811:
797:
25:
1911:History of the Kuomintang cultural policy
1855:: Ningxia Renmin chubanshe 1994 (Chinese)
1105:Muslim warlords, who were members of the
1784:"Chinese Islam: Unity and Fragmentation"
1732:, Chinese Intercontinental Press, 2004;
1038:Ideology and Relationship with the State
708:Taiwan and the World Health Organization
1547:. Richmond: Curzon Press. p. 104.
1408:. Richmond: Curzon Press. p. 103.
1260:
1062:, especially hated the Yihewani leader
123:Vice President of the Republic of China
66:Additional Articles of the Constitution
28:
2369:List of assets owned by the Kuomintang
1936:2005 Pan–Blue visits to mainland China
1700:
1689:
1514:Jonathan Neaman Lipman (1 July 1998).
379:Vice President of the Examination Yuan
262:Vice President of the Legislative Yuan
2388: ; By-elections denoted with (b)
1778:(Wahhabi Muslim Brotherhood, S.55 f.)
1117:. It was favored over the major Sufi
61:Constitution of the Republic of China
7:
2374:2019 Kuomintang presidential primary
2008:Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang
1101:The Yihewani was then backed by the
1066:, so much that when the Han general
853:
498:Represented in the Legislative Yuan
313:Vice President of the Judicial Yuan
1750:Islam in Shaanxi: Past and Present
415:Vice President of the Control Yuan
103:President of the Republic of China
14:
1195:The Uyghur militant organization
948:Autonomous County was founded in
364:President of the Examination Yuan
242:President of the Legislative Yuan
1944:
1375:. University Press. p. 27.
950:Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture
936:(1849–1934) from the village of
771:
660:Special state-to-state relations
449:
94:
38:
1197:East Turkestan Islamic Movement
699:Taiwan–United Kingdom relations
2013:Three Principles of the People
1652:(11). The Jamestown Foundation
1640:Zenn, Jacob (March 17, 2011).
1300:chinaculture.org: Yihewani pai
1115:Three Principles of the People
1054:Repression in the Qing dynasty
974:
908:
890:
872:school, one of the four major
840:
703:Taiwan–United States relations
1:
2353:Presidential Palace (Nanjing)
1671:Zenn, Jacob (February 2013).
1090:Eventually, under Imams like
729:Republic of China (1912–1949)
541:Non-Partisan Solidarity Union
400:President of the Control Yuan
1766:China's Muslim Hui Community
1574:Maris Boyd Gillette (2000).
749:Taiwan independence movement
741:China and the United Nations
507:Democratic Progressive Party
1916:National Revolutionary Army
1850:Xibei Huizu yu Yisilanjiao.
1805:10.1080/0963749032000045837
1613:. M.E. Sharpe. p. 79.
1610:Guide to Islamist Movements
635:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
457:Central Election Commission
2427:
2003:Five Races Under One Union
762:Third Taiwan Strait Crisis
723:Political status of Taiwan
683:Australia–Taiwan relations
525:Taiwan Statebuilding Party
18:
2382:
1942:
1926:Blue Sky with a White Sun
1906:History of the Kuomintang
1302:(found on March 27, 2010)
1058:The Khafiya Sufi General
965:
899:
881:
831:
148:National Security Council
1843:Yisilanjiao zai Zhongguo
1435:Gail Hershatter (1996).
1336:Gail Hershatter (1996).
894:) or "latest teaching" (
664:One Country on Each Side
1726:Shoujiang Mi, Jia You:
1541:Michael Dillon (1999).
1402:Michael Dillon (1999).
1311:Shoujiang Mi, Jia You (
695:Russia–Taiwan relations
691:France–Taiwan relations
687:Canada–Taiwan relations
533:Taiwan Solidarity Union
143:Office of the President
2384:Notes: Acting leaders
1973:(Flag, emblem creator)
1699:Cite journal requires
1369:Aliya Ma Lynn (2007).
874:schools of Sunni Islam
656:Cross-Strait relations
465:Presidential elections
434:Mayors and Magistrates
231:
858:al-Ikhwan al-Muslimun
753:Taiwanese nationalism
511:Taiwan People's Party
470:Legislative elections
235:11th Legislative Yuan
230:
2280:Leadership elections
2186:Extraordinary (1938)
1607:BARRY RUBIN (2000).
1183:Sufi Muslim General
1044:Dungan Revolt (1895)
16:Chinese Islamic sect
1988:Chinese unification
1921:Northern Expedition
1760:(PDF-Datei; 320 kB)
1111:Chinese nationalism
745:Chinese unification
2348:Huguang Guild Hall
2341:Significant venues
1756:Mikko Suutarinen:
1282:. 1987. p. 29
1026:and emphasize the
866:Muslim Brotherhood
862:Muslim Brotherhood
856:), (also known as
546:Green Party Taiwan
529:People First Party
232:
31:Politics of Taiwan
21:Muslim Brotherhood
2393:
2392:
1753:. Diss. Bonn 2008
1646:Terrorism Monitor
1527:978-0-295-80055-4
1382:978-0-88093-861-7
1201:Islamic Turkistan
1121:such as the Sufi
1109:, which espoused
1014:, did not oppose
821:
820:
778:Taiwan portal
733:Chinese Civil War
629:Foreign relations
576:United Daily News
493:Political parties
2418:
2411:Islamic branches
2191:6th (Wang, 1939)
2070:Chiang Ching-kuo
2030:
1948:
1892:
1883:
1876:
1869:
1860:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1788:
1772:Dru C. Gladney:
1763:Michael Dillon:
1709:
1708:
1702:
1697:
1695:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1677:
1668:
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1471:
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1455:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1399:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1389:
1372:Muslims in China
1366:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1356:
1333:
1327:
1322:
1316:
1309:
1303:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1287:
1274:
1268:
1265:
1144:members such as
1134:Ma Lin (warlord)
976:
967:
910:
901:
892:
883:
855:
842:
833:
813:
806:
799:
776:
775:
774:
757:Tangwai movement
737:One-China policy
672:Taiwan consensus
642:Foreign Minister
453:
428:Local government
386:Chou Hung-hsien
357:Examination Yuan
223:Legislative Yuan
98:
42:
26:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2416:
2415:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2389:
2378:
2357:
2336:
2275:
2149:
2096:Chiang Pin-kung
2055:Chiang Kai-shek
2028:
2022:
1976:
1949:
1940:
1894:
1890:
1887:
1838:
1825:
1823:
1786:
1781:
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1716:Further reading
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1088:
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1008:salafi movement
1000:
926:
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788:
784:Other countries
772:
770:
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475:Local elections
461:
447:
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372:Huang Jong-tsun
367:
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343:
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338:District Courts
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321:Tsai Jeong-duen
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56:
33:
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2408:
2406:Islam in China
2398:
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2154:Party congress
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2018:Zhonghua minzu
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1984:
1982:
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1974:
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1963:
1957:
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1729:Islam in China
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1701:|journal=
1663:
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1586:
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1493:978-9004212398
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1192:
1189:
1087:
1084:
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1039:
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999:
996:
925:
922:
860:, which means
819:
818:
816:
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808:
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790:
789:
787:
786:
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766:
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718:Related topics
717:
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676:Chinese Taipei
668:1992 Consensus
647:
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467:
448:
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442:
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422:Lee Hung-chun
420:
419:
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1961:Song Jiaoren
1849:
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1682:18 September
1680:. Retrieved
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111:Lai Ching-te
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2271:21st (2021)
2266:20th (2017)
2261:19th (2013)
2256:18th (2009)
2251:17th (2005)
2246:16th (2001)
2241:15th (1997)
2236:14th (1993)
2231:13th (1988)
2226:12th (1981)
2221:11th (1976)
2216:10th (1969)
2139:Lin Rong-te
2038:Sun Yat-sen
1966:Sun Yat-sen
1191:Present day
1092:Hu Songshan
1074:Sunnis and
891:Xinjiao pai
588:China Times
480:Referendums
333:High Courts
217:Legislature
2400:Categories
2386:italicised
2211:9th (1963)
2206:8th (1957)
2201:7th (1952)
2196:6th (1945)
2181:5th (1935)
2176:4th (1931)
2171:3rd (1929)
2166:2nd (1926)
2161:1st (1924)
2133:Wu Den-yih
2103:Wu Den-yih
1971:Lu Haodong
1891:Kuomintang
1626:2010-06-28
1593:2010-06-28
1560:2010-06-28
1454:2010-06-28
1421:2010-06-28
1388:2010-06-28
1355:2010-06-28
1286:2010-06-28
1240:References
1181:Kuomintang
1154:Ma Fuxiang
1150:Ma Hongkui
1146:Ma Hongbin
1113:, and the
1096:Kuomintang
1060:Ma Anliang
1022:school of
909:Xinxinjiao
608:Censorship
602:Propaganda
570:Newspapers
563:Television
557:Mass media
503:Kuomintang
250:Han Kuo-yu
91:Presidency
54:Government
2080:Lien Chan
2060:Hu Hanmin
1993:Chiangism
1821:144070358
1813:0963-7494
1185:Ma Bufang
1164:(Salafi)
1138:Ma Bufang
1103:Ma Clique
946:Dongxiang
944:(now the
930:Dongxiang
918:Xidaotang
537:New Party
445:Elections
285:Judiciary
161:Executive
2362:See also
2327:2020 (b)
2317:2016 (b)
2312:2015 (b)
2297:2007 (b)
2109:Eric Chu
1998:Dang Guo
1981:Ideology
1954:Founders
1853:Yinchuan
1747:Hu Fan:
1499:24 April
1214:Ma Wanfu
1208:See also
1123:Jahriyya
1119:menhuans
1064:Ma Wanfu
1034:creeds.
1032:Maturidi
1012:Wahhabis
1004:Qadeem's
982:and the
934:Ma Wanfu
841:Yīhèwǎní
824:Yihewani
408:Chen Chu
79:Taxation
2029:Leaders
1899:History
1836:Chinese
1721:English
1470:, p. 8.
1229:Gongbei
1224:Menhuan
1170:Lanzhou
1166:menhuan
1142:Menhuan
1127:Khafiya
1125:, Sufi
1080:Wahhabi
1076:Khafiya
1042:In the
1028:Ash'ari
988:Murshid
962:Chinese
938:Guoyuan
924:History
896:Chinese
878:Chinese
854:الإخوان
828:Chinese
174:Premier
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984:Hadith
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830::
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1817:S2CID
1787:(PDF)
1676:(PDF)
1246:Cihai
992:dawah
980:Quran
958:Ahong
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2332:2021
2322:2017
2307:2013
2302:2009
2292:2005
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1828:2014
1809:ISSN
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1734:ISBN
1705:help
1684:2015
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