443:
208:
70:
794:
1478:
49:
671:
834:
of the flower is obtained through steam distillation of the flowers and separated into different grades (extra, 1, 2, or 3) according to when the distillates are obtained. The main aromatic components of ylang-ylang oil are
483:, smooth and glossy, and 13–21 cm (5–8.5 in) long. Leaflets are oval, pointed and with wavy margins. The flower is drooping, long-stalked, with six narrow, greenish-yellow (rarely pink) petals, rather like a
991:
Landers, G.J.B. (1992). "The effect of social and economic changes and trens in fashion and their effects on international perfumery marketing". In Van Toller, S.; Dodd, G.H. (eds.).
1991:
1725:
1777:
1222:
Walker JW (1971) Pollen
Morphology, Phytogeography, and Phylogeny of the Annonaceae. Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University, 202: 1-130.
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2004:
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2009:
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471:. Its growth exceeds 5 m (16 ft) per year, and it attains an average height of 12 m (39 ft) in an ideal
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2017:
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383:, meaning "wilderness", alluding to the tree's natural habitat. A common mistranslation is "flower of flowers".
69:
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638:
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Typical chemical compositions of the various grades of ylang-ylang essential oil are reported as:
830:, thus it is sometimes described as heavy, sweet, and carries a slightly fruity floral scent. The
2043:
1875:
1652:
1647:
1331:
360:
64:
1831:
1600:
386:
The tree is also called the fragrant cananga, Macassar-oil plant, or perfume tree. It is called
1996:
1730:
1067:
1939:
1800:
1769:
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1445:
1304:"Evidence for Effective Seed Dispersal by the Sulawesi Red-Knobbed Hornbill, Aceros cassidix1"
1236:
1133:
1092:
1021:
996:
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646:
630:
590:
347:) is a woody, evergreen climbing plant in the same family, which is also a source of perfume.
1867:
1805:
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650:
364:
234:
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Frith, H.J.; Rome, F.H.J.C. & Wolfe, T.O. (1976): Food of fruit-pigeons in New Guinea.
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107:
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Islands. It grows in full or partial sun, and prefers the acidic soils of its native
488:
476:
464:
374:
323:
1335:
330:
fragrance. Ylang-ylang is one of the most extensively used natural materials in the
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1944:
1880:
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780:
752:
732:
514:
480:
327:
1931:
1587:
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48:
1918:
1907:
776:
Ylang-ylang is grown in
Madagascar and exported globally for its essential oils.
1699:
1531:
744:
670:
597:
518:
291:
130:
1477:
773:
Ylang-ylang's essential oil makes up 29% of the
Comoros' annual export (1998).
871:
763:
617:
Its clusters of black fruit are an important food item for birds, such as the
586:
578:
566:
554:
538:
530:
468:
311:
303:
140:
120:
1522:
1457:
Traditional Tree
Initiative: Species Profiles for Pacific Island Agroforestry
1399:
Traditional Tree
Initiative: Species Profiles for Pacific Island Agroforestry
1621:
1091:. Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer/National Bookstore, Manila. p. 685
811:
574:
570:
526:
299:
31:
1743:
762:
couples. In the
Philippines, its flowers, together with the flowers of the
326:
extracted from its flowers (also called "ylang-ylang"), which has a strong
17:
2035:
1857:
2030:
1901:
1852:
1516:
866:
840:
759:
562:
542:
522:
484:
315:
295:
1441:
Traditional Trees of
Pacific Islands: Their Culture, Environment and Use
1957:
1678:
1595:
1130:
Iloko-English
Dictionary:Rev. Andres Carro's Vocabulario Iloco-Español.
1041:
823:
819:
748:
582:
546:
472:
331:
319:
150:
1704:
1177:
827:
815:
755:). Ylang-ylang blends well with most floral, fruit, and wood scents.
558:
1493:
1374:"Essential oils from Madagascar, essences coveted for their origin"
1626:
792:
740:
441:
206:
81:
1983:
1717:
968:
The
Complete Technology Book on Flavours, Fragrances and Perfumes
216:
1613:
1497:
664:
257:
240:
30:"Ylang-Ylang" redirects here. Not to be confused with pianist
779:
Ylang-ylang essential oil is one of the basic ingredients of
1350:"Production of ylang ylang flowers under threat in Comoros?"
1109:"University of Melbourne: multilingual plant names database"
916:, the Arabian jasmine, another plant widely used in perfumes
758:
In
Indonesia, ylang-ylang flowers are spread on the bed of
501:, dwarf ylang-ylang, grows as small tree or compact shrub.
266:
249:
1259:
World Regional Geography: People, Places and Globalization
549:. It has been introduced to other tropical regions in the
1443:. Permanent Agricultural Resources Publishers, Honolulu.
263:
246:
1459:. Permanent Agricultural Resources Publishers, Honolulu.
770:) and worn by women and used to adorn religious images.
743:
secretion for skin problems, and is considered to be an
1401:(2006), Permanent Agricultural Resources, Honolulu, Hi.
1148:"*kanaŋa a tree with fragrant flowers: Cananga odorata"
1237:
Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 2;Vegetables (2004)
1018:
Handbook of Medicinal Herbs: Herbal Reference Library
275:
1154:. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
260:
243:
1891:
1506:
1455:Manner, Harley & Elevitch, Craig (ed.) (2006):
334:industry, earning it the name "Queen of Perfumes".
254:
237:
1412:"Ylang-Ylang Essential Oil - Chemical Composition"
970:. Niir Project Consultancy Services. p. 392.
966:NPCS Board of Consultants & Engineers (2007).
430:(Fiji). Other traditional names include sampangi (
751:for oriental- or floral-themed perfumes (such as
995:. Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd. p. 268.
993:Fragrance: The psychology and biology of perfume
1174:"Cook Island Biodiversity and Natural Heritage"
932:
930:
814:of ylang-ylang is rich and deep with notes of
747:. The oil from ylang-ylang is widely used in
378:
368:
8:
1134:Congregation of the Immaculate Heart of Mary
1062:
1060:
1058:
589:habitat. Ylang-ylang has been cultivated in
487:in appearance, and yields a highly fragrant
854:, responsible for its characteristic odor.
699:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
541:, Australia. It is also native to parts of
491:. Its pollen is shed as permanent tetrads.
402:. Its traditional Polynesian names include
314:, Australia. It is also native to parts of
290:, is a tropical tree that is native to the
1494:
1230:
1228:
653:serves as an effective seed disperser for
47:
38:
719:Learn how and when to remove this message
1146:Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (2010).
1128:p. 12 In: Vanoverbergh, Morice (1968).
1111:. Plantnames.unimelb.edu.au. 2004-08-05
926:
1466:. Vermilion:Ebury Publishing, London.
7:
1793:ab7b5062-f301-43fc-abcd-f070fcc88166
697:adding citations to reliable sources
1414:. scienceofacne.com. Archived from
1253:Royal Berglee, PhD (17 June 2016).
1152:Austronesian Comparative Dictionary
1397:Manner, Harley and Craig Elevitch,
1328:10.1111/j.1744-7429.1998.tb00368.x
1136:, Baguio City, Philippines. 370pp.
25:
1234:G. J. H. Grubben and O.A. Denton
1476:
669:
233:
68:
2023:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75867-1
1845:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72580-1
1200:"Cananga odorata - Ylang Ylang"
593:under conservatory conditions.
337:The climbing ylang-ylang vine,
1439:Elevitch, Craig (ed.) (2006):
1302:Kinnaird, Margaret F. (1998).
766:, are strung into a necklace (
596:In Madagascar, it is grown in
463:is a fast-growing tree of the
1:
1489:Ylang ylang uses in perfumery
942:(Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson"
731:The essential oil is used in
651:Sulawesi red-knobbed hornbill
623:purple-tailed imperial pigeon
948:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
735:. It is believed to relieve
1087:English, Leo James (1987).
822:, and bright with hints of
2118:
1255:"13.1 The Pacific Islands"
1089:Tagalog-English Dictionary
946:Plants of the World Online
565:. It is commonly grown in
351:Etymology and nomenclature
29:
1070:. Encyclopædia Britannica
787:Ylang-ylang essential oil
643:orange-bellied fruit dove
179:
172:
65:Scientific classification
63:
55:
46:
41:
2102:Austronesian agriculture
2097:Trees of the Philippines
2077:Medicinal plants of Asia
1462:Davis, Patricia (2000):
619:collared imperial pigeon
609:as a groundcover plant.
505:Distribution and habitat
1380:(in French). 2020-07-22
1132:Catholic School Press,
1016:Duke, James A. (2018).
635:pink-spotted fruit dove
511:Maritime Southeast Asia
509:The plant is native to
451:Francisco Manuel Blanco
396:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
322:. It is valued for the
2087:Flora of tropical Asia
1204:www.flowersofindia.net
1176:. 2007. Archived from
802:
457:
379:
369:
340:Artabotrys hexapetalus
219:
1464:"Aromatherapy An A-Z"
858:Chemical constituents
796:
627:Zoe's imperial pigeon
479:evergreen leaves are
445:
210:
890:-Cresyl methyl ether
848:-cresyl methyl ether
693:improve this section
639:coroneted fruit dove
2092:Flora of Queensland
1354:Premium Beauty News
1320:1998Biotr..30...50K
737:high blood pressure
603:Hewittia malabarica
367:term for the tree,
1180:on 2 December 2005
803:
591:temperate climates
458:
455:Flora de Filipinas
220:
2059:
2058:
1801:Open Tree of Life
1500:Taxon identifiers
1452:
729:
728:
721:
647:wompoo fruit dove
631:superb fruit dove
377:form of the word
205:
204:
16:(Redirected from
2109:
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1481:Data related to
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1261:. Archived from
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608:
406:(Cook Islands),
382:
372:
363:spelling of the
345:A. odoratissimus
282:
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245:
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39:
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2110:
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2034:
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1729:
1724:
1716:
1711:
1703:
1698:
1690:
1685:
1677:
1672:
1664:
1659:
1653:Cananga odorata
1651:
1646:
1638:
1633:
1625:
1620:
1612:
1607:
1599:
1594:
1586:
1581:
1575:Cananga_odorata
1573:
1568:
1560:
1558:
1550:
1545:
1538:Cananga odorata
1536:
1535:
1530:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1508:Cananga odorata
1502:
1483:Cananga odorata
1473:
1436:
1434:Further reading
1431:
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949:
940:Cananga odorata
936:
935:
928:
923:
913:Jasminum sambac
908:
895:Methyl benzoate
877:Geranyl acetate
860:
852:methyl benzoate
808:
806:Characteristics
801:) essential oil
799:Cananga odorata
789:
725:
714:
708:
705:
690:
674:
663:
615:
606:
551:Pacific Islands
535:Solomon Islands
507:
495:Cananga odorata
461:Cananga odorata
449:illustrated in
447:Cananga odorata
440:
353:
308:Solomon Islands
280:
276:
253:
236:
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224:Cananga odorata
213:Cananga odorata
201:
187:
183:Cananga odorata
181:
168:
165:C. odorata
67:
57:Cananga odorata
35:
28:
27:Species of tree
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11:
5:
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2082:Essential oils
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2014:
2001:
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1893:Uvaria odorata
1889:
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1881:wfo-0000583386
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1485:at Wikispecies
1472:
1471:External links
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1289:76(2): 49-58.
1276:
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42:Ylang-ylang
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1819:kew-2695745
1700:iNaturalist
1532:Wikispecies
745:aphrodisiac
607:(L.) Suresh
598:plantations
519:Philippines
517:, from the
438:Description
370:ilang-ilang
357:ylang-ylang
292:Philippines
229:ylang-ylang
227:, known as
131:Magnoliales
108:Angiosperms
18:Ylang-ylang
2072:Annonaceae
2066:Categories
1814:Plant List
1422:2012-02-26
1384:2022-04-26
1359:2022-04-26
1308:Biotropica
1269:6 February
1209:2023-12-30
1158:8 November
1115:2012-12-30
1074:2012-12-30
1048:2012-12-30
1044:. Tropicos
1042:"Tropicos"
952:2019-02-11
921:References
872:Germacrene
764:sampaguita
655:C. odorata
587:rainforest
581:, and the
579:Micronesia
567:Madagascar
561:, and the
555:South Asia
539:Queensland
531:New Guinea
469:Annonaceae
312:Queensland
304:New Guinea
141:Annonaceae
121:Magnoliids
1908:Q38424761
1666:200008514
1640:200008514
812:fragrance
749:perfumery
709:June 2019
680:does not
575:Melanesia
571:Polynesia
527:Indonesia
499:fruticosa
414:(Samoa),
410:(Tonga),
355:The name
343:(synonym
300:Indonesia
159:Species:
78:Kingdom:
59:in bloom
32:Lang Lang
2031:Tropicos
1997:11303896
1902:Wikidata
1853:Tropicos
1770:61984545
1731:10856340
1517:Wikidata
1336:84282134
906:See also
867:Linalool
841:linalool
760:newlywed
563:Americas
543:Thailand
523:Malaysia
485:sea star
477:compound
316:Thailand
296:Malaysia
137:Family:
2036:1600665
1984:75867-1
1958:3158658
1868:4960830
1858:1600664
1718:72580-1
1679:5407583
1596:Ecocrop
1562:96-1-1b
1523:Q220963
1316:Bibcode
1184:18 June
824:jasmine
820:custard
701:removed
686:sources
613:Ecology
583:Comoros
547:Vietnam
481:pinnate
473:climate
467:family
428:Mokohoi
424:Mokasoi
420:Mokosoi
416:Motoʻoi
412:Mosoʻoi
408:Mohokoi
404:Mataʻoi
394:, from
388:kenanga
365:Tagalog
361:Spanish
359:is the
332:perfume
320:Vietnam
199:Thomson
195:Hook.f.
152:Cananga
147:Genus:
127:Order:
82:Plantae
2010:523084
1971:317777
1932:202074
1916:APDB:
1865:uBio:
1827:PLANTS
1806:554305
1790:NZOR:
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1559:APSA:
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828:neroli
816:rubber
645:, and
559:Africa
545:, and
537:, and
533:, the
475:. The
432:Telugu
400:kanaŋa
328:floral
310:, and
306:, the
279:-lang-
197:&
1992:IRMNG
1945:7F6JN
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1783:13393
1744:11122
1726:IRMNG
1648:FoAO2
1627:CANOD
1332:S2CID
741:sebum
600:with
497:var.
392:Malay
380:ilang
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283:-lang
115:Clade
102:Clade
89:Clade
2018:POWO
2005:ITIS
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1966:GRIN
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1840:POWO
1832:CAOD
1778:NCBI
1765:IUCN
1752:ITIS
1713:IPNI
1692:8805
1687:GRIN
1674:GBIF
1622:EPPO
1588:QJB8
1570:ATRF
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1446:ISBN
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1271:2024
1186:2016
1160:2022
1093:ISBN
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972:ISBN
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318:and
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