606:. The purpose of the temporary weight loss the yo-yo diet delivers is to lure the dieting into the illusion of success, but due to the nature of the diet, they are impossible to sustain, therefore the dieter gives up, often due to hunger or discomfort, and gains the weight back. The dieter then seeks to lose the regained weight, and the cycle begins again. Other individuals cycle weight deliberately in service of
673:
explains how skeletal muscle persistently reduces energy expenditure during dieting. In addition, food restriction increases physical activity which further supports body weight loss initially. Such weight regain in the form of preferential catch-up-fat is well documented after weight loss due to
640:, now with the added emotional effects of failing to lose weight by the restrictive diet. Such an emotional state leads many people to eating more than they would have before dieting, especially the 'forbidden' foods e.g. junk food, desserts, and sweets, causing them to rapidly regain weight.
660:
and strength sports, weight cycling is often used as a way to take advantage of the increased ability to gain muscle while in a caloric surplus by cyclically going through periods of intentional weight gain, followed by a period of weight loss to prevent excessive body fat accumulation.
610:
or athletic goals. Weight cycling contributes to increased risk of later obesity, due to repeated signals being sent to the body signalling that it's in starvation mode; therefore it learns to be better and better at storing fat, and increases the strain on vital organs, likely promoting
1242:
Lee, Dong Hoon; Keum, NaNa; Rezende, Leandro F. M.; Tabung, Fred K.; Hong, SungEun; Giovannucci, Edward L. (2021). "Association between weight cycling and risk of kidney cancer: a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis of observational studies".
588:
628:
and pride in their self-control for resisting certain foods, e.g. junk food, desserts, and sweets. Over time, however, the limits imposed by such extreme diets cause effects such as
624:
The reasons for yo-yo dieting are varied but often include embarking upon a hypocaloric diet too extreme to maintain. At first the dieter may experience elation at the thought of
1144:"Body-Weight Fluctuation Was Associated With Increased Risk for Cardiovascular Disease, All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"
1193:
Zhang, Xiaochen; Rhoades, Jennifer; Caan, Bette J; Cohn, David E; Salani, Ritu; Noria, Sabrena; Suarez, Adrian A; Paskett, Electra D; Felix, Ashley S (2019).
998:
Lakicevic, Nemanja; Matthews, Joseph J.; Artioli, Guilherme G.; Paoli, Antonio; Roklicer, Roberto; Trivic, Tatjana; Bianco, Antonino; Drid, Patrik (2022).
574:
696:
A 2019 review found that self-reported weight cycling was correlated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer. Weight cycling is also correlated with
719:
1058:
1354:
811:"Dieting and weight cycling as risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases: who is really at risk?: Weight cycling and cardiometabolic risks"
685:
A 2019 systematic review and meta-analysis found that "Body-weight fluctuation was associated with higher mortality due to all causes and
1059:"Magnitude and Composition of the Energy Surplus for Maximizing Muscle Hypertrophy: Implications for Bodybuilding and Physique Athletes"
158:
669:
The process of regaining weight and especially body fat is further promoted by the high metabolic plasticity of skeletal muscle. The
115:
950:"The Magnitude of Rapid Weight Loss and Rapid Weight Gain in Combat Sport Athletes Preparing for Competition: A Systematic Review"
1105:
567:
343:
1142:
Zou, Huajie; Yin, Ping; Liu, Liegang; Liu, Wenhua; Zhang, Zeqing; Yang, Yan; Li, Wenjun; Zong, Qunchuan; Yu, Xuefeng (2019).
531:
164:
321:
703:
A 2021 systematic review and meta-analysis found that "weight cycling was a strong independent predictor of new-onset
516:
1288:"Association between weight cycling and risk of developing diabetes in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis"
1286:
Zou, Huajie; Yin, Ping; Liu, Liegang; Duan, Wu; Li, Pu; Yang, Yan; Li, Wenjun; Zong, Qunchuan; Yu, Xuefeng (2021).
560:
34:
652:
or aesthetics, it is common for athletes to engage in weight cycling. Weight cycling is common among competitive
139:
948:
Matthews, Joseph J.; Stanhope, Edward N.; Godwin, Mark S.; Holmes, Matthew E.J.; Artioli, Guilherme G. (2019).
536:
1195:"Intentional weight loss, weight cycling, and endometrial cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
674:
malnutrition, cancer, septic shock or AIDS and thus constitutes a general phenomenon related to weight loss.
496:
403:
91:
60:
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272:
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149:
1327:
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1078:
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838:
791:
670:
633:
363:
154:
858:"Impact of weight cycling on risk of morbidity and mortality: Weight cycling and mortality risk"
1350:
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42:
949:
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that make the diet impossible to sustain. Ultimately, the dieter reverts to their old eating
1381:
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278:
217:
134:
905:
Amigo, I.; Fernandez, C. (2007). "Effects of diets and their role in weight control".
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1043:
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106:
984:
934:
842:
682:
Weight cycling might have negative health effects from repeated strain on the body.
730:
725:
690:
657:
649:
607:
546:
481:
463:
358:
348:
288:
1074:
1000:"Patterns of weight cycling in youth Olympic combat sports: a systematic review"
637:
625:
443:
378:
373:
86:
81:
71:
1256:
1016:
918:
648:
In some sports where an athlete's weight is important, such as those that use
602:, is the repeated loss and gain of weight, resembling the up-down motion of a
408:
298:
76:
66:
1210:
1160:
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17:
486:
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1035:
976:
926:
891:
834:
787:
587:
704:
433:
264:
250:
1345:
Hankey, Catherine (2022). "Weight Loss
Maintenance and Weight Cycling".
1119:
856:
Mehta, Tapan; Smith, Daniel L.; Muhammad, Josh; Casazza, Krista (2014).
418:
268:
56:
1304:
873:
826:
778:
761:
762:"Weight cycling practices in sport: A risk factor for later obesity?"
511:
603:
586:
293:
957:
International
Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
308:
809:
Montani, Jean-Pierre; Schutz, Yves; Dulloo, Abdul G. (2015).
710:
Weight cycling is also associated with poorer mental health.
700:, independently of whether the person is overweight.
1101:"PGC-1α and exercise in the control of body weight"
1099:Summermatter, Serge; C. Handschin (November 2012).
760:Miles-Chan, Jennifer L.; Isacco, Laurie (2021).
1094:
1092:
568:
8:
1057:Aragorn, Alan A.; Schoenfeld, Brad. (2020).
1199:International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer
575:
561:
29:
1313:
1303:
1218:
1169:
1159:
1118:
1025:
1015:
881:
777:
1349:(1 ed.). Wiley. pp. 306–313.
1347:Clinical Obesity in Adults and Children
755:
753:
751:
747:
720:Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption
41:
7:
689:and a higher morbidity of CVD and
159:Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome
25:
1292:Journal of Diabetes Investigation
1063:Strength and Conditioning Journal
907:Psychology, Health & Medicine
1106:International Journal of Obesity
27:Cyclical loss and gain of weight
656:athletes, including minors. In
532:Social determinants of obesity
1:
165:Metabolically healthy obesity
1075:10.1519/SSC.0000000000000539
322:Obesity-associated morbidity
1245:Cancer Causes & Control
1004:Journal of Eating Disorders
517:Obesity and the environment
1398:
1257:10.1007/s10552-021-01455-9
1148:Frontiers in Endocrinology
1017:10.1186/s40337-022-00595-w
919:10.1080/13548500600621545
611:cardiometabolic disease.
140:Classification of obesity
1211:10.1136/ijgc-2019-000728
1161:10.3389/fendo.2019.00728
969:10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0165
537:Social stigma of obesity
497:Fat acceptance movement
404:Anti-obesity medication
92:Gestational weight gain
592:
590:
522:Obesity and sexuality
397:Management of obesity
273:Binge eating disorder
233:Waist-to-height ratio
507:Health at Every Size
459:Weight loss coaching
193:Body adiposity index
1120:10.1038/ijo.2012.12
527:Sedentary lifestyle
339:Fatty liver disease
303:Starvation response
203:Body fat percentage
150:Genetics of obesity
671:Summermatter cycle
593:
364:Obesity and cancer
245:Related conditions
155:Metabolic syndrome
1356:978-1-119-69527-1
1305:10.1111/jdi.13380
1113:(11): 1428–1435.
874:10.1111/obr.12222
827:10.1111/obr.12251
779:10.1111/obr.13188
585:
584:
414:Bariatric surgery
223:Relative Fat Mass
112:Childhood obesity
102:Weight management
43:Human body weight
16:(Redirected from
1389:
1361:
1360:
1342:
1336:
1335:
1317:
1307:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1251:(9): 1029–1038.
1239:
1233:
1232:
1222:
1205:(9): 1361–1371.
1190:
1184:
1183:
1173:
1163:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1122:
1096:
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806:
800:
799:
781:
757:
598:, also known as
577:
570:
563:
454:Weight loss camp
449:Obesity medicine
329:Arteriosclerosis
213:Corpulence index
208:Body Shape Index
175:Set point theory
145:Exercise paradox
129:Medical concepts
97:Diet (nutrition)
51:General concepts
30:
21:
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899:
868:(11): 870–881.
862:Obesity Reviews
855:
854:
850:
815:Obesity Reviews
808:
807:
803:
766:Obesity Reviews
759:
758:
749:
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736:Peltzman effect
716:
680:
667:
646:
622:
617:
581:
552:
551:
477:
469:
468:
429:Caloric deficit
399:
389:
388:
384:Type 2 diabetes
334:Atherosclerosis
324:
314:
313:
284:Hyperthyroidism
261:Eating disorder
246:
238:
237:
228:Waist–hip ratio
198:Body mass index
188:
180:
179:
170:Obesity paradox
130:
122:
121:
52:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1395:
1393:
1385:
1384:
1379:
1369:
1368:
1363:
1362:
1355:
1337:
1298:(4): 625–632.
1278:
1234:
1185:
1134:
1088:
1049:
990:
963:(4): 441–452.
940:
913:(3): 312–327.
897:
848:
801:
772:(S2): e13188.
746:
745:
743:
740:
739:
738:
733:
728:
723:
715:
712:
679:
678:Health effects
676:
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650:weight classes
645:
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596:Weight cycling
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542:Weight cutting
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476:Social aspects
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279:Food addiction
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218:Lean body mass
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135:Adipose tissue
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698:kidney cancer
694:
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654:combat sports
651:
643:
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619:
614:
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601:
600:yo-yo dieting
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502:Fat fetishism
500:
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460:
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430:
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424:
423:List of diets
420:
417:
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405:
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401:
398:
393:
392:
385:
382:
380:
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354:Heart disease
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107:Overnutrition
105:
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68:
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32:
31:
19:
18:Yo-yo dieting
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1340:
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1281:
1248:
1244:
1237:
1202:
1198:
1188:
1151:
1147:
1137:
1110:
1104:
1069:(5): 79–86.
1066:
1062:
1052:
1007:
1003:
993:
960:
956:
943:
910:
906:
900:
865:
861:
851:
818:
814:
804:
769:
765:
731:Healthy diet
726:Food faddism
709:
702:
695:
691:hypertension
684:
681:
668:
658:bodybuilding
647:
623:
608:bodybuilding
599:
595:
594:
547:Weight class
482:Comfort food
464:Yo-yo effect
359:Hypertension
349:Gynecomastia
289:Malnutrition
187:Measurements
116:Epidemiology
61:Epidemiology
626:weight loss
591:Yo-yo cycle
444:Liposuction
379:Sleep apnea
374:Prediabetes
87:Weight loss
82:Weight gain
72:Underweight
1371:Categories
742:References
630:depression
409:Bariatrics
299:Starvation
77:Body shape
67:Overweight
1332:225509897
1273:235346460
1083:213376888
1044:249049707
1010:(1): 75.
796:229715170
665:Mechanism
491:Criticism
487:Fast food
1324:32745374
1265:34089471
1229:31451560
1180:31787929
1129:22290535
1036:35614520
985:52943060
977:30299200
935:19290926
927:17510902
892:25263568
843:30821753
835:25614199
821:: 7–18.
788:33372395
714:See also
705:diabetes
434:Exercise
265:Anorexia
251:Diabetes
35:a series
33:Part of
1382:Obesity
1315:8015818
1220:6832748
1171:6856014
1154:: 728.
1027:9131524
883:4205264
634:fatigue
620:Dieting
438:outline
419:Dieting
269:Bulimia
57:Obesity
1353:
1330:
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1024:
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925:
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880:
841:
833:
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786:
722:(EPOC)
644:Sports
638:habits
615:Causes
512:Hunger
255:Type 1
1377:Diets
1328:S2CID
1269:S2CID
1079:S2CID
1040:S2CID
981:S2CID
953:(PDF)
931:S2CID
839:S2CID
792:S2CID
604:yo-yo
294:RED-S
1351:ISBN
1320:PMID
1261:PMID
1225:PMID
1176:PMID
1125:PMID
1032:PMID
973:PMID
923:PMID
888:PMID
831:PMID
784:PMID
344:GERD
309:PCOS
1310:PMC
1300:doi
1253:doi
1215:PMC
1207:doi
1166:PMC
1156:doi
1115:doi
1071:doi
1022:PMC
1012:doi
965:doi
915:doi
878:PMC
870:doi
823:doi
774:doi
707:".
693:."
687:CVD
632:or
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1213:.
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1150:.
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1111:36
1109:.
1103:.
1091:^
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1008:10
1006:.
1002:.
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955:.
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911:12
909:.
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866:15
864:.
860:.
837:.
829:.
819:16
817:.
813:.
790:.
782:.
770:22
768:.
764:.
750:^
271:•
267:•
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1334:.
1302::
1275:.
1255::
1231:.
1209::
1182:.
1158::
1131:.
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576:e
569:t
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