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Burmese marionettes also served as a conduit between the ruler and his subjects. Many times, people would ask the puppeteers to mention a current event or warning to the ruler in a veiled fashion. Thus, information or popular discontent could be passed on without any disrespect, as marionettes could
1106:
The
Burmese court was concerned with preserving the dignity of its members, and marionettes were often used to preserve the esteem of persons who had erred. The king could reprimand his children or his wife in this way by asking the puppeteers to put on a parable warning errant children or careless
1137:
of the ruling junta lent official support to marionette actors and troupes, thus reviving a rapidly dying tradition. Nowadays, marionettes are very common as tourist attractions and also amongst the populace, and they have resumed their role of relatively safe political satire reflecting popular
1107:
wives about their reckless ways. While the reprimand would be obvious to anyone who was in the know, it would largely pass unheeded by the people looking on, something that had a great deal of value in a court that could, and did, contain hundreds of people.
1299:
885:
Burmese marionettes are very intricate and their use requires dexterous skills, as they employ 18 or 19 wires for male and female characters respectively, and each puppet is controlled by only one puppeteer.
1307:
1126:, enjoyed great royal patronage. However, like most forms of traditional arts, patronage vanished upon the colonisation of Upper Burma by the British in November 1885, following the
898:, and their introduction is credited to the Minister of Royal Entertainment, U Thaw. From their inception, marionettes enjoyed great popularity in the courts of the
874:
puppetry. Although the term can be used for puppetry in general, its usage usually refers to the local form of string puppetry. Like most of
Burmese refined art,
902:
dynasty. Little has changed since the creation of the art by U Thaw, and the set of characters developed by him is still in use today. Until the conquest of
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Cultural
Politics of National Identity and Impacts of Tourism in Contemporary Myanmar – The Case of Yokthe Puppet Theatre.
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The probable date of the origin of
Burmese marionettes is given as around 1780, during the reign of
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usually provides the music. The puppeteers themselves often provide the voices of the characters.
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performances originated from royal patronage and were gradually adapted for the wider populace.
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is emerging, where a character and a real life actor perform the same show, usually with the
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puppets able to mimic and sometimes out-perform their human counterparts.
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Programme Southeast Asian Studies (IP-SEAS), 2007
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troupes, like most artisans in pre-colonial Burma alongside the
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are almost always performed in the form of
Burmese operas.
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say things that a human could be punished for with death.
941:
A Burmese marionette troupe has 27 character figures.
1034:) – two figures (one white-faced, one red-faced)
1226:. Board of Trustees of Northern Illinois University
870:, literally "miniatures") is the Burmese name for
937:Traditional Burmese Commander-in-chief Marionette
1359:Burmese Marionettes: Yokthe Thay in Transition.
844:
806:
8:
1092:A traditional Burmese orchestra known as a
963:) – two figures (one white, one black)
1407:The Illusion of Life: Burmese Marionettes.
1220:"Mandalay Marionettes Theater Puppet Show"
813:
799:
15:
1402:. Oxford University Press, Singapore 1992
1300:"Pulling strings: a history of puppetry"
1415:Burmese Culture: General and Particular
1157:
914:troupes thrived under royal patronage.
906:by the British in late 1885 during the
210:
27:
1192:Burma at the Turn of the 21st Century
865:
7:
1334:, Bangkok, White Lotus Press, 2006,
1365:Bd. 18 no. 1, spring 2001, p. 69–80
1279:World Encyclopedia of Puppetry Arts
172:State Peace and Development Council
14:
1371:Folk Elements in Burmese Buddhism
1419:Sarpay Beikman Corporation Press
780:
37:
1354:vol. 82, no. 1, 1994, p. 89–96
1347:The Burmese Marionette Theater
1224:Southeast Asia Digital Library
1:
1352:Journal of the Siam Society,
1306:. 2014-01-26. Archived from
1252:. 2018-03-30. Archived from
945:Nat votaress (နတ်ကတော်ရုပ်,
127:Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom
1246:"The return of the puppets"
1196:University of Hawaiʻi Press
1133:In the late 1990s, General
762:National Library of Myanmar
752:National Museum (Naypyidaw)
182:2011–2015 political reforms
1465:
1409:Orchid Press, Bangkok 2009
1373:. London, New York, N.Y.:
767:National Theatre of Yangon
1369:Maung, Htin Aung (1962).
929:troupe in Bagan, May 2010
845:
1166:"History of Marionettes"
757:National Museum (Yangon)
1375:Oxford University Press
1128:Third Anglo-Burmese War
908:Third Anglo-Burmese War
255:Twelve Auspicious Rites
1363:Asian Theatre Journal,
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1141:Also, a new genre of
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399:Traditional festivals
1413:U, Khin Zaw (1981).
1083:) – two figures
1017:Princess (မင်းသမီး,
987:Alchemist (ဇော်ဂျီ,
984:) – two figures
949:) – two figures
692:World Heritage Sites
120:First Toungoo Empire
1115:Decline and revival
1076:) – one figure
1069:) – one figure
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1048:) – one figure
1041:) – one figure
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977:) – one figure
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555:and performing arts
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105:Hanthawaddy Kingdom
1444:Culture of Myanmar
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918:List of characters
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787:Myanmar portal
162:Socialist Republic
110:Kingdom of Mrauk U
30:Culture of Myanmar
1398:Singer, Noel F.:
1389:Müller, Dominik:
1304:The Myanmar Times
1250:The Myanmar Times
1205:978-0-8248-2857-8
1194:. Honolulu, Hi.:
1188:Skidmore, Monique
1010:Prince (မင်းသား,
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1281:. 2016-04-20
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1072:Old woman (
904:Upper Burma
458:Phongyibyan
359:Burmese tea
137:Shan States
1438:Categories
1314:2019-10-22
1285:2019-10-22
1260:2019-10-22
1153:References
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620:Television
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60:Prehistory
1275:"Myanmar"
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287:Tattooing
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187:2021 coup
1449:Puppetry
1427:15698412
1190:(2005).
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192:Protests
21:a series
19:Part of
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1027:Uparaja
1012:Minthar
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890:History
847:ရုပ်သေး
841:Burmese
715:Symbols
667:Banshay
662:Lethwei
583:Anyeint
331:Cuisine
277:Kinship
50:History
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282:Names
260:Anade
1423:OCLC
1379:OCLC
1361:In:
1350:In:
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