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764:. Today, Zuni potters might use electric kilns. While the firing was usually a community enterprise, silence or communication in low voices was considered essential in order to maintain the original "voice" of the "being" of the clay, and the purpose of the end product. Sales of pottery and traditional arts provide a major source of income for many Zuni people today. An artisan may be the sole financial support for her immediate family as well as others. Many women make pottery or, more rarely, clothing or baskets. Brown, black and red ornamentation can be found on traditional Zuni pots that are first covered with white slip. Common motifs are spiral scrolls edged with triangles, deer, as well as frogs, dragonflies and other symbols associated with rain and water. In addition to pots, Zuni produce owl figurines that are covered with white slip and painted with black and red motifs before firing.
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increase. The large villages of Heshot Ula, Betatakin, and Kiet Siel were established by 1275. By the 13th century villages were built on top of mesas, including
Atsinna on Inscription Rock. In the 14th century, the Zuni inhabited a dozen pueblos containing between 180 and 1,400 rooms, while the Anasazi abandoned larger settlements for smaller ones, or established new ones along the Rio Grande. The Zuni did move from the eastern portion of their territory to the western side, and built six new villages, Halona, Hawikuh, Kiakima, Matsaki, Kwakina, and Kechipaun. Halona was located 97 km north Zuni Salt Lake, and the Zuni traded in salt, corn and
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863:. They are closed to non-native individuals unless there is a personal invitation by a tribal member. The ceremony also blesses the houses that were built during the year. The blessing takes the form of singing that accompanies six dancers who are dressed in Shalako outfits. These outfits can be as high as eight feet; the dancers wearing them represent "couriers of the rain deities come to bless new homes". The dancers move from house to house throughout the night; at dawn Saiyatasha performs a final prayer and the ceremony is complete.
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756:) according to ritual. The clay is ground, sifted, mixed with water, rolled into a coil, shaped into a vessel or other design, and scraped smooth with a scraper. A thin layer of finer clay, called slip, is applied to the surface for extra smoothness and color. The vessel is polished with a stone after it dries. It is painted with home-made organic dyes, using a traditional
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400:, lived with the Zuni from 1879 to 1884. He was one of the first non-native participant-observers and ethnologists at Zuni. In 1979, it was reported that some members of the Pueblo consider he had wrongfully documented the Zuni way of life, exploiting them by photographing and revealing sacred traditions and ceremonies.
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who wanted Niza to "explain to the natives of the land that there is only one God in heaven, and the
Emperor on earth to rule and govern it, whose subjects they all must become and whom they must serve." The Zuni reportedly killed Estevanico as a spy, or for being "greedy, voracious and bold". This
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In 1848, U.S. Army Lt. Col. Henderson P. Boyakin signed a treaty with Zuni and Navajo leaders stating the Zuni "shall be protected in the full management of all their rights of
Private Property and Religion... the authorities, civil and military, of New Mexico and the United States." Observing the
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around 1100. The Zuni settlement called
Village of the Great Kivas, was built around 1100, and included nine kivas. The Zuni region, however, was probably only sparsely populated by small agricultural settlements until the 12th century when the population and the size of the settlements began to
364:, the Zuni relocated to their present location, returning to the mesa top only briefly in 1703. By the end of the 17th century, only Halona was still inhabited of the original six villages. Yet, satellite villages were settled around Halona, and included Nutria, Ojo Caliente, and Pescado.
371:, "Indeed, by the late eighteenth century, Spanish authorities had given up hope of dominating the Zuni and other western Pueblo Indians, and in 1799 only seven Spanish people were recorded as living among the Zuni.". In 1821, the Franciscans ended their missionary efforts.
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as a means of economic development. Their success as a desert agri-economy is due to careful management and conservation of resources, as well as a complex system of community support. Many contemporary Zuni also rely on the sale of traditional arts and
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Priesthood includes three priests (north, above and below), and Pekwin (the above priest) determines the religious calendar. A religious society is associated with each of the six kivas, and each boy is initiated into one of these societies.
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that has no known relationship to any other Native
American language. Linguists believe that the Zuni have maintained the integrity of their language for 6,000-to-7,000 years. The Zuni do, however, share a number of words from
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and occasionally with other stones in creating necklaces, bracelets, earrings and rings. Petit point is made in the same fashion as needlepoint, except that one end of each stone is pointed, and the other end is rounded.
1981:". (1932a); "Zuni Origin Myths". (1932b); "Zuni Ritual Poetry". (1932c). In Forty-Seventh Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology. pp. 467–835. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1932. Reprint,
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in 1629 with two
Franciscan priests. They completed a church compound in 1632, and established a second mission in Halona. Shortly afterwards, the Zuni destroyed the missions, killing two priests, and then retreated to
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806:. In making needlepoint, small, slightly oval-shaped stones with pointed ends are set in silver bezels, close to one another and side by side to create a pattern. The technique is normally used with
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work. Zuni jewelers set hand-cut turquoise and other stones in silver. Today jewelry-making thrives as an art form among the Zuni. Many Zuni have become master stone-cutters. Techniques used include
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in July 1540, inflicting several casualties, and capturing the village. Coronado continued to the Rio Grande, but several priests and soldiers stayed an additional two years. The
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expedition followed in the wake of Niza's Seven Cities of Cibola claim. Sponsored once again by
Mendoza, Coronado led 230 soldiers on horseback, 70 foot soldiers, several
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685:. Some Zuni still live in the old-style Pueblos, while others live in modern houses. Their location is relatively isolated, but they welcome respectful tourists.
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Archaeology suggests that the Zuni have been farmers in the general area for 3,000 to 4,000 years. It is now thought that the
Ancestral Zuni people inhabited the
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Kintigh, Keith (2010). "Late prehistoric and late prehistoric settlement systems in the Zuni area". In
Gregory, David A.; Wilcox, David R. (eds.).
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Damp, Jonathan E. (2010). "Zuni emergent agriculture: economic strategies and the origins of Zuni". In
Gregory, David A.; Wilcox, David R. (eds.).
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brush. The shape and painted images depend on the intended purpose of the pottery. To fire the pottery, the Zuni used animal dung in traditional
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is held the third weekend in August. The Zuni also participate in the Gallup Inter-Tribal Ceremonial, usually held in early or mid-August. The
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below the lake and would also have involved construction between the lake and the Zuni. The plan was abandoned in 2003 after several lawsuits.
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257:, followed by the village of Kiatuthlanna around 800 A.D., and Allantown around 1000 A.D. These Mogollon villages included
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877:, a Zuni native named John comes to grip with sexual realities in the New State and how they differ from his own culture.
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2121:. Papers of the Peabody Museum of the American Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 43. Cambridge, MA: Peabody Museum, 1954.
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Religion is central to Zuni life. Their traditional religious beliefs are centered on the three most powerful of their
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noted "In all directions, fields of wheat and maize, as well as gourds and melons, bore testimony to their industry."
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of 1680, the Zuni lived in six villages. After the revolt, until 1692, they took refuge in a defensible position atop
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for over two millennia. White Mound was one such settlement of pit houses, farming, and storerooms, built around 700
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174:. The Zuni tribe lived in multi level adobe houses. In addition to the reservation, the tribe owns trust lands in
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2114:. Ed. by F.R. Kluckhorn and F.L. Strodbeck. pp. 285–316. Evanston, IL and Elmsford, NY: Row, Peterson, 1961.
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Wade, Edwin L. "The Ethnic Art Market in the American Southwest, 1880–1980." George, W. Stocking, Jr., ed.
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The Zuni Reservation was created by the United States federal government in 1877, and enlarged by a second
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708:". Zuni have developed knowledge of local plants that are used for medical practices and religious rites.
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for the pottery is sourced locally. Prior to its extraction, the women give thanks to the Earth Mother (
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Of the three Zuni missions, only the church at Halona was rebuilt after the reconquest. According to
335:, where they remained for the next three years. The Spanish built another mission in Halona in 1643.
2056:. Vol.9. Ed. By Alfonso Ortiz. pp. 474–481. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1979.
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The Zuni utilize many local plants in their culture. For an extensive list, see the main article, "
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pertaining to religion. The Zuni continue to practice their traditional religion with its regular
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411:, a site sacred to the Zuni and under Zuni control. The mine would have extracted water from the
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1996:. Publications of the American Ethnological Society, 15. New York: G.E. Steckert & Co., 1933
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Shalako is a series of ceremonial dances that take place throughout the night on or around the
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2099:. Indiana University Research Center, Publication Six. Bloomington: Indiana University, 1967.
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Tribal Names of the Americas: Spelling Variants and Alternative Forms, Cross-Referenced
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visited Zuni territory in 1598 and 1604 looking for copper mines, but without success.
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Map of historical distribution of Zuni (light green) and current Zuni land (dark green)
1635:"Culture, religion and economy in the American southwest: Zuni Pueblo and Laguna Pueb"
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Objects and Others: Essays on Museums and Material Culture (History of Anthropology)
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History and Background of Zuni Culture, in Patterns and Sources of Zuni Kachinas
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for the purpose of rituals and trade, and more recently for sale to collectors.
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1970:. 2 vols. Columbia University Contributions to Anthropology, no. 21. New York:
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Zuni Salt Lake, New Mexico, where the Zuni have harvested salt for centuries
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Quand les Katchinas dansent a Cibola. Mythologie et rites des indiens Zunis
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for storing food and water. They used symbols of their clans for designs.
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833:: Earth Mother, Sun Father, and Moonlight-Giving Mother. The religion is
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Zuni River, Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico. The Zuni people have inhabited the
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Hart, E. Richard, 2000. "Zuni Claims: An Expert Witness’ Reflections,"
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609: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1544:"A study of the medical ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians of New Mexico"
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and raising livestock. Gradually the Zuni farmed less and turned to
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is a tribal museum that showcases Zuni history, culture, and arts.
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1196:. Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona Press. pp. 118–132.
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The Beautiful and the Dangerous: Dialogues with the Zuni Indians
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Zuni Origins: Toward a new synthesis of Southwestern archaeology
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Zuni Origins: Toward a new synthesis of Southwestern archaeology
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Zuni Origins: Toward a New Synthesis of Southwestern Archaeology
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5 km (3.1 miles) southeast of the present Pueblo of Zuni;
1920:
A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples.
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During the early 2000s, the Zuni opposed the development of a
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Native American Pueblo peoples native to the Zuni River valley
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and Mexican natives. The Spanish met 600 Zuni warriors near
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valley from the last millennium B.C., when they began using
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2004:
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means "mountain". After the establishment of peace and the
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Zuni and the Courts: A Struggle for Sovereign Land Rights.
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was Spain's first contact with any of the Pueblo peoples.
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and dances, and an independent and unique belief system.
170:. The Pueblo of Zuni is 55 km (34 mi) south of
2049:
Eggan, Fred and T.N. Pandey. "Zuni History, 1855–1970".
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New Mexico Office of the State Historian. 21 April 2012.
1156:, edited by David A. Gregory and David R. Wilcox, p. 119
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1840:
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The Zuni were and are a traditional people who live by
1640:
GeoJournal: Geography for and with Indigenous Peoples
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Lutakawi, Zuni Governor, photographed before 1925 by
261:. Likewise, Zuni ancestors were in contact with the
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2274:
95:
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58:
48:
29:
2222:Libraries – The Historic American Cookbook Project
1347:. New York: Chelsea House. pp. 18–23, 56–57.
1081:"Zuni Tribe: Facts, Clothes, Food and History ***"
545:Two Zuni girls, photographed by Edward S. Curtis,
241:cultures, who lived in the deserts of New Mexico,
2156:Pueblo of Zuni official Artist’s Art Walk website
1901:Zuni: Selected Writings of Frank Hamilton Cushing
1614:Zuni: Selected Writings of Frank Hamilton Cushing
795:to create intricate designs and unique patterns.
2494:Federally recognized tribes in the United States
2019:Esteban: The African Slave Who Explored America
1616:. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1979.
1432:"Mining Plan Pits Tribe Against Power Industry"
465:'s 1851 expedition to Arizona which was led by
274:. Hawikuh was claimed by Niza to be one of the
735:, late 19th – early 20th century, 12.5″ high,
527:Zuni men and the ancient Pueblo Town of Zuni,
152:Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation, New Mexico
2241:
2199:Collection of Historical Photographs of Zunis
2061:American Indian Culture and Research Journal,
1776:. Hamsen Publishing. pp. 42–45, 80–101.
1729:. Hamsen Publishing Company. pp. 37–38.
8:
2070:Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1995.
1217:Clark, Patricia Roberts (October 21, 2009).
24:
1695:. New York: Harper & Row. p. 191.
434:weaver at work on a backstrap loom, photo:
278:, a legendary 16th century wealthy empire.
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1899:Cushing, Frank Hamilton. Jesse Green, ed.
1148:, The University of Arizona Press (2009),
37:
23:
2185:(Mrs.) Tilly E. (Matilda Coxe EStevenson)
1542:Camazine, S.; Bye, R.A. (December 1980).
1395:Flint, Richard and Shirley Cushing Flint
1261:"Zuni Settlement Patterns: A.D. 950–1680"
625:Learn how and when to remove this message
2150:A:shiwi A:wan Museum and Heritage Center
1999:Cushing, Frank Hamilton, Barton Wright,
1281:from the original on September 12, 2014.
1188:from the original on September 12, 2014.
841:, summer, harvest, and again in winter.
694:A:shiwi A:wan Museum and Heritage Center
1072:
884:
417:
2470:List of Indian reservations in Arizona
2275:Contemporary peoples native to Arizona
1823:. New York: Chelsea House Publishers.
1314:
1312:
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158:on the Zuni River, a tributary of the
1774:Patterns and Sources of Zuni Kachinas
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1332:
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1328:
1326:
1324:
909:Zuñis in typical modern costume, 1896
798:Two specialties of Zuni jewelers are
7:
2504:Native American tribes in New Mexico
2180:The Religious Life of the Zuñi Child
1675:A Zuni System of Knowledge: The Arts
837:-based, and ceremonies occur during
607:adding citations to reliable sources
515:valley since the last millennium BCE
293:'s Spanish expedition. Sponsored by
59:Regions with significant populations
2112:In Variations in Value Orientations
1460:"Utility Drops Plans for Coal Mine"
312:Chamuscado and Rodríguez Expedition
222:on at least household-sized plots.
2052:Handbook of North American Indians
1979:Introduction to Zuni Ceremonialism
1881:The Navajo and Pueblo Silversmiths
1603:April 2007 (retrieved 13 Feb 2011)
783:The Zuni are known for their fine
146:valley. The Zuni people today are
14:
2499:Native American tribes in Arizona
1983:Zuni Ceremonialism: Three Studies
1371:, 56 (Simon and Schuster, 2004).
637:The Zuni traditionally speak the
2257:
2117:Smith, Watson and John Roberts.
1985:. Introduction by Nancy Pareto.
1974:, 1935. AMS Press reprint, 1969.
1430:Neary, Ben (February 18, 2001).
1397:"Dowa Yalanne, or Corn Mountain"
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463:Corps of Topographical Engineers
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233:Zuni culture is associated with
2410:Prehistoric cultures in Arizona
2145:Pueblo of Zuni official website
1420:(University of Nebraska, 1979).
1221:. McFarland. pp. 10, 104.
742:Traditionally, Zuni women made
594:needs additional citations for
430:(1849–1896), a celebrated Zuni
324:Francisco Manuel de Silva Nieto
190:is believed to derive from the
182:. The Zuni call their homeland
54:19,228 enrolled members (2015)
2023:University of New Mexico Press
2005:University of New Mexico Press
1987:University of New Mexico Press
1853:University of New Mexico Press
1168:"The Economic Origins of Zuni"
1:
2194:Pueblo tribe (Zuni is Pueblo)
1943:University of Wisconsin Press
1562:10.1016/s0378-8741(80)81017-8
1458:Neary, Ben (August 5, 2003).
945:Zuni paint and condiment cups
546:
528:
461:created during the U.S. Army
439:
300:Francisco Vásquez de Coronado
2001:The Mythic World of the Zuni
1905:University of Nebraska Press
1886:University of Oklahoma Press
1849:The Mythic World of the Zuni
1549:Journal of Ethnopharmacology
2119:Zuni Law: A Field of Values
2110:Roberts, John. "The Zuni".
2081:Kroeber, Alfred L. (1984).
1693:Arts of the Indian Americas
1499:University of Arizona Press
1291:University of Arizona Press
1085:www.warpaths2peacepipes.com
894:Zuni Girl, photographed by
2525:
2035:Davis, Nancy Yaw. (2000).
1819:Bonvillain, Nancy (2011).
1691:Highwater, Jamake (1983).
1596:September 5, 2013, at the
1343:Bonvillain, Nancy (2011).
1166:Damp, Jonathan E. (2008).
852:
822:
768:Carving and silversmithing
186:or Middle Place. The word
2464:
2220:Michigan State University
2173:Zuni Indian Tribe History
1972:Columbia University Press
1753:. Smithsonian Institution
1491:Granger, Byrd H. (1960).
688:The Zuni Tribal Fair and
565:She-we-na (Zuni Pueblo).
326:established a mission at
176:Catron County, New Mexico
100:
80:
63:
53:
36:
30:
2017:Herrick, Dennis. (2018)
1679:University of Washington
1673:Belarde-Lewis, Miranda,
1416:Frank Hamilton Cushing,
289:led an advance party of
239:Ancestral Pueblo peoples
202:, or a cognate thereof.
43:Zuni girl with jar, 1903
1924:Oxford University Press
1847:Cushing, Frank (1988).
1772:Wright, Barton (1988).
1725:Wright, Barton (1988).
1633:Grugel, Andrea (2012).
1523:. Archaeology Southwest
1259:Kintigh, Keith (2008).
1111:(retrieved 13 Feb 2011)
1062:Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico
398:Smithsonian Institution
154:, and most live in the
126:
2216:Frank Hamilton Cushing
2066:Hart, E. Richard, ed.
739:
724:
720:Water Jar, 1825–1850,
576:
390:Frank Hamilton Cushing
314:followed in 1581, and
276:Seven Cities of Cibola
230:
192:Western Keres language
180:Apache County, Arizona
114:
2166:June 4, 2013, at the
1751:"Zuni Shalako Figure"
1601:Smithsonian Magazine.
1268:Archaeology Southwest
1175:Archaeology Southwest
823:Further information:
730:
719:
667:irrigated agriculture
572:, late 19th century.
564:
499:middle court, in 1879
362:return of the Spanish
228:
160:Little Colorado River
112:
96:Related ethnic groups
1465:Santa Fe New Mexican
1293:. pp. 361–376.
993:Zuni animal effigies
603:improve this article
396:associated with the
148:federally recognized
2095:Newman, Stanley S.
2007:, 1992, hardcover,
1941:. Vol. 3. Madison:
1918:Pritzker, Barry M.
1589:Morrell, Virginia.
1494:Arizona Place Names
1289:. Tucson, Arizona:
1126:www.zunitourism.com
1023:Percy Tsisete Sandy
1011:Notable Zuni people
957:Zuni ceramic ladles
375:Zuni in the 1850s,
291:Fray Marcos de Niza
263:Ancestral Puebloans
131:; formerly spelled
26:
2264:Indigenous peoples
2175:, Access Genealogy
2161:The Zuni Worldview
2124:Tedlock, Barbara.
1274:(2): 15–16.
1025:(Kai-Sa ), painter
969:Zuni bird effigies
867:In popular culture
740:
725:
577:
467:Captain Sitgreaves
377:Balduin Möllhausen
356:means "corn", and
304:Franciscan priests
295:Antonio de Mendoza
231:
172:Gallup, New Mexico
115:
2476:
2475:
2189:Project Gutenberg
2083:Zuni kin and clan
2076:978-0-7006-0705-1
2031:978-0-8263-5981-0
1977:Bunzel, Ruth L. "
1932:978-0-19-513877-1
1894:978-0-8061-2215-1
1612:Jesse Green, ed.
1437:Los Angeles Times
1379:. Reprint, 2005,
1369:The Pueblo Revolt
1300:978-0-8165-2893-6
1228:978-0-7864-5169-2
1203:978-0-8165-2893-6
1122:"Experience Zuni"
1005:Zuni woven sashes
981:Zuni clay baskets
810:, sometimes with
635:
634:
627:
316:Antonio de Espejo
107:
106:
2516:
2509:Puebloan peoples
2425:
2417:Ancestral Pueblo
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1992:Bunzel, Ruth L.
1867:
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1844:
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1805:
1800:. Pueblo of Zuni
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2211:Zuni Breadstuff
2168:Wayback Machine
2141:
2097:Zuni Dictionary
2063:24(1): 163–171.
2037:The Zuni enigma
1960:
1958:Further reading
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857:
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839:winter solstice
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753:Awidelin Tsitda
737:Brooklyn Museum
722:Brooklyn Museum
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2015:
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1964:Benedict, Ruth
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1556:(4): 365–388.
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1521:"Zuni Origins"
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1403:2012-07-14 at
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156:Pueblo of Zuni
142:native to the
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1798:"Our Culture"
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639:Zuni language
629:
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615:February 2023
608:
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592:This section
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340:Pueblo Revolt
336:
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320:Juan de Oñate
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102:Pueblo people
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65:United States
62:
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28:
19:
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2381:Southern Ute
2376:Tonto Apache
2210:
2179:
2130:, New York:
2126:
2118:
2111:
2096:
2082:
2067:
2060:
2050:
2036:
2018:
2000:
1993:
1982:
1967:
1938:
1919:
1900:
1880:
1848:
1820:
1814:
1804:December 23,
1802:. Retrieved
1792:
1773:
1767:
1757:December 23,
1755:. Retrieved
1745:
1726:
1720:
1711:
1692:
1686:
1674:
1668:
1658:December 24,
1656:. Retrieved
1644:
1638:
1628:
1613:
1608:
1600:
1585:
1575:December 23,
1573:. Retrieved
1553:
1547:
1537:
1525:. Retrieved
1515:
1503:. Retrieved
1501:. p. 21
1493:
1486:
1474:. Retrieved
1470:the original
1463:
1453:
1441:. Retrieved
1435:
1425:
1417:
1412:
1391:
1368:
1363:
1344:
1318:Pritzker 109
1286:
1271:
1267:
1254:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1218:
1212:
1193:
1178:
1174:
1161:
1145:
1141:
1129:. Retrieved
1125:
1116:
1108:
1100:
1090:November 20,
1088:. Retrieved
1084:
1075:
1057:Zuniceratops
933:Zuni pottery
872:
870:
858:
843:
828:
797:
782:
771:
751:
741:
703:
687:
664:
636:
621:
612:
601:Please help
596:verification
593:
568:Kachina doll
566:
402:
388:
381:
373:
366:
357:
353:
345:Dowa Yalanne
343:
337:
333:Dowa Yalanne
280:
267:Chaco Canyon
232:
209:
199:
187:
183:
151:
132:
127:
118:
116:
21:Ethnic group
18:
2431:Basketmaker
2297:Halchidhoma
2054:, Southwest
1903:. Lincoln:
1527:November 8,
1505:December 9,
1283:; see also
1190:; see also
1131:November 8,
1017:Emily Pinto
804:petit point
800:needlepoint
700:Ethnobotany
570:(Paiyatemu)
550: 1926
532: 1868
459:Zuni Pueblo
443: 1871
338:Before the
2489:Zuni tribe
2483:Categories
2287:Chiricahua
2282:Chemehuevi
2105:B0007F3L0Y
2039:. Norton.
1994:Zuni Texts
1884:. Norman:
1873:References
1377:B000MC1CHQ
1247:Kechipauen
1243:Kechipauan
660:ceremonies
513:Zuni River
348:, a steep
287:Estevanico
216:irrigation
212:Zuni River
164:New Mexico
144:Zuni River
69:New Mexico
2467:See also:
2423:dwellings
2352:Hopi-Tewa
2302:Havasupai
1105:"Welcome"
1068:Citations
1019:, painter
808:turquoise
778:necklaces
457:Image of
407:near the
405:coal mine
386:in 1883.
318:in 1583.
281:In 1539,
272:turquoise
76:Languages
2441:Mogollon
2317:Maricopa
2312:Hualapai
2164:Archived
1945:, 1988.
1926:, 2000.
1922:Oxford:
1907:, 1978.
1888:, 1989.
1821:The Zuni
1715:Adair 14
1653:23325388
1594:Archived
1401:Archived
1345:The Zuni
1276:Archived
1183:Archived
1181:(2): 8.
1036:See also
1031:, weaver
819:Religion
785:lapidary
774:fetishes
251:Colorado
235:Mogollon
218:to farm
2456:Sinagua
2446:Patayan
2436:Hohokam
2396:Yavapai
2359:Oʼodham
2342:Quechan
2292:Cocopah
2268:Arizona
2218:, from
2187:, from
2152:at Zuni
2134:, 1992.
1989:, 1992.
1570:6893476
1476:May 26,
1443:May 26,
881:Gallery
855:Shalako
849:Shalako
835:katsina
831:deities
744:pottery
712:Pottery
678:herding
648:Keresan
557:Culture
432:lhamana
413:aquifer
358:yalanne
328:Hawikuh
308:Hawikuh
283:Moorish
243:Arizona
206:History
198:) word
150:as the
128:A:shiwi
90:Spanish
86:English
31:A:shiwi
2451:Salado
2327:Navajo
2322:Mohave
2103:
2089:
2074:
2043:
2029:
2011:
1949:
1930:
1911:
1892:
1859:
1827:
1780:
1733:
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1651:
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1383:
1375:
1351:
1297:
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1200:
1152:
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