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brief consideration of Klara, he settles on the widow Hanna, thinking that she is richer. Although generally of a forthright and brave characters, Cześnik is shy around women, and so sends Papkin, a show-off, to propose to Hanna (called
Podstolina because she is the widow of a civil servant) and to be a go-between with Rejent for him. Podstolina herself is looking for a husband because her supposed wealth is only temporary - she is administering it for Klara, her kinswoman, and so agrees to marry Cześnik.
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Rejent
Milczek prepares to raise a legal action against Cześnik. He convinces the bricklayers that the very minor scratches that they suffered count as wounds and that they have been deprived of work (because he himself will not pay them). Wacław comes to ask him to allow him to marry Klara. Instead,
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Wacław makes an unsuccessful attempt to convince Cześnik to reconcile with his father. Cześnik declares that it would sooner come about that the sun would stop in place and the water dry out of the seas than he and Rejent would have peace. Wacław bribes Papkin to let him stay and agrees with Klara to
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Papkin arrives with a letter from Cześnik inviting Rejent for a duel. Papkin drinks some wine he criticises. Although he starts off bragging, deceived by Rejent's unassuming manner, he begins to be greatly afraid and can barely issue the challenge, after being threatened with being thrown out of the
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Klara, niece of Cześnik, and Wacław, son of Rejent are in love and secretly meeting up. They despair of ever being allowed to marry due to their families' dislike of each other. Wacław proposes that they run away together, but Klara refuses. In order to be close to her, Wacław presents himself as an
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Rejent comes to Cześnik. He had turned up at the place Cześnik had set up for the appointed duel, but Cześnik himself did not turn up. He is angry to hear of Wacław's marriage to Klara. Podstolina explains that all her wealth is in fact Klara's and by virtue of her marriage is given over to Klara.
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Papkin comes back from Rejent and brags about his courage. Cześnik suggests that the wine he drank was poisoned. Papkin falls into a panic and, thinking himself poisoned, writes his testament. Cześnik is informed of
Podstolina's change of mind. He dictates a letter to Dyndalski that is supposed to
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convince
Podstolina, just that day engaged to Cześnik, to intervene on their behalf. When Wacław meets with Podstolina, it turns out that she is a former lover of Wacław, to whom he had presented himself untruthfully as a prince. Despite this, Podstolina decides that she prefers Wacław to Cześnik.
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Two families live in the same castle - Cześnik
Raptusiewicz and his niece Klara as well as Rejent Milczek and his son Wacław. Cześnik and Rejent consider each other enemies and do not get on. Cześnik, who administers Klara's lands until she comes of age, is eager to marry a wealthy wife. After a
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Rejent has hired some bricklayers to fix a wall that segregates his part of the castle from the half of the castle in which Cześnik lives. Cześnik does not approve of this and sends Papkin to shoo them away, offering them however payment for their work being interrupted.
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come from Klara, but eventually decides to send a servant for him instead. Wacław arrives and is given the choice between being imprisoned or marrying Klara. Wacław and Klara are surprised but happy and get married: a priest is already waiting in the chapel.
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Papkin declares his love for Klara. Klara, who does not love him, demands impossible things of him as 'proof' of his sentiments - to spend half a year in silence, to survive on bread and water for just over a year, and to bring her a crocodile.
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window and the placement of four servants outside the door. Podstolina comes in with the agreement of marriage to Wacław, which she has signed. Papkin finds out that she has jilted Cześnik. Papkin gets thrown down the stairs.
215:. In 1829, when looking through the archives of the castle, Fredro came across some old court records related to a dispute dating from the 17th century between the owners of the castle's two halves -
223:. The conflict was long and relentless. It ended after more than thirty years with the marriage of Firlej's son to Zofia Skotnicka, an end similar to that adopted by Fredro in his play.
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Rejent announces that he must marry
Podstolina, providing an agreement that whichever one of them breaks it off will have to pay the other 100 thousand.
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employee of the Regent and gives himself up as a hostage to Papkin, supposedly caught up in the struggle over the wall.
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Podstolina Hanna
Czepiersińska - widow, briefly Cześnik's fiancee, former lover of Wacław, relation of Klara
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395:) among others. Notably, the original story took place in Kamieniec castle, which is currently located in
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Real events inspired Fredro to write the play. In
November 1828, Fredro married Zofia Jablonowska, whose
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Klara promises to pay 100 thousand to
Podstolina out of her own money. Rejent and Cześnik reconcile.
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Cześnik Maciej
Raptusiewicz - uncle of Klara, administrator of half of the castle, hates Rejent
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510:"Charakterystyka Papkina – Aleksander Fredro, Zemsta - opracowanie – Zinterpretuj.pl"
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Klara Raptusiewiczówna - niece of Cześnik, owner of half of the castle, loves Wacław
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451:(in Polish). Olsztyńskie Towarzystwo Inicjatyw Kulturalnych - Kulturalna Polska
428:(in Polish). Olsztyńskie Towarzystwo Inicjatyw Kulturalnych - Kulturalna Polska
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Cześnik wants to duel with Rejent and sends Papkin over to arrange this.
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Rejent Milczek - owner of the other half of the castle, hates Cześnik
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449:"Aleksander Fredro. Zemsta - opracowanie (construction of Zemsta)"
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Józef Papkin - poor nobleman serving Cześnik, wants to marry Klara
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184:(Małopolska); filled with proverbs and paraphrased allusions.
426:"Aleksander Fredro - życie i twórczość (Life and Work)"
471:
Słownik biograficzny teatru polskiego T. 1: 1765–1965
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The play premiered in Lviv on 17 February 1834, with
473:. Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. 1973. p. 905.
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207:included the title to half of a castle located in
531:"Aleksander Fredro: Hrabia o wielu talentach -"
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172:. It is a play in four acts, written in the
485:"Zemsta - streszczenie - Aleksander Fredro"
340:The play serves as the basis for the opera
319:Wacław Milczek - son of Rejent, loves Klara
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447:Halina Floryńska-Lalewicz (May 2004).
424:Halina Floryńska-Lalewicz (May 2004).
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399:, while the movie was filmed in
325:Dyndalski - servant of Cześnik
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346:Revenge for the Boundary Wall
196:Ruins of Kamieniec Castle in
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355:The play was adapted into
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328:Perełka - Cześnik's cook
228:Jan Nepomucen Nowakowski
537:(in Polish). 2022-06-13
512:(in Polish). 2021-11-23
342:Zemsta za mur graniczny
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111:Theatrical poster for
567:Polish-language plays
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411:Notes and references
230:playing Cześnik and
158:period of partitions
403:castle, located in
211:in the province of
41:First edition, 1838
407:province, Poland.
232:Witalis Smochowski
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174:octosyllabic verse
154:Polish Romanticism
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170:Polish literature
138:Aleksander Fredro
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535:matfiz24.pl
491:(in Polish)
455:December 9,
432:December 9,
357:a 2002 film
331:Bricklayers
142:Polish poet
121:The Revenge
30:The Revenge
556:Categories
541:2022-10-03
516:2022-09-09
495:2022-09-09
489:poezja.org
393:Podstolina
336:Adaptation
302:Characters
188:Background
178:vernacular
146:playwright
47:Written by
397:Odrzykoń
209:Odrzykoń
198:Odrzykoń
101:, Poland
99:Odrzykoń
405:Silesia
369:Cześnik
276:Act III
213:Galicia
156:in the
95:Setting
387:) and
385:Papkin
289:Act IV
260:Act II
162:Zemsta
150:author
134:comedy
130:Zemsta
126:Polish
115:, 1865
113:Zemsta
89:comedy
79:Polish
18:Zemsta
348:) by
243:Act I
205:dowry
166:canon
140:, a
85:Genre
457:2012
434:2012
391:(as
383:(as
375:(as
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238:Plot
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60:1834
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