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step allowed the researchers to overcome the main obstacle that had precluded the successful cloning of primates until now. They then placed 21 of these ova into surrogate mother monkeys, resulting in six pregnancies, two of which produced living animals. The monkeys were named Zhong Zhong and Hua
882:
Phillips, Kimberley A.; Bales, Karen L.; Capitanio, John P.; Conley, Alan; Czoty, Paul W.; ‘t Hart, Bert A.; Hopkins, William D.; Hu, Shiu-Lok; Miller, Lisa A.; Nader, Michael A.; Nathanielsz, Peter W.; Rogers, Jeffrey; Shively, Carol A.; Voytko, Mary Lou (10 April 2014).
259:(SCNT) technique, 23 mammalian species have been successfully cloned, including cattle, cats, dogs, horses and rats. Using this technique for primates had never been successful and no pregnancy had lasted more than 80 days. The main difficulty was likely the proper
391:
The scientists also attempted to clone macaques using nuclei from adult donors, which is much more difficult. They implanted 42 surrogates, resulting in 22 pregnancies, but there were still only two infant macaques, and they died soon after birth.
1242:
937:
283:". She is the first cloned primate by artificial twinning, which is a much less complex procedure than the DNA transfer used for the creation of Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua.
715:"China Breaks a Cloning Barrier: Primates – The development heralds the possibility of genetically engineered primates for drug testing, gene editing and brain research"
493:
Liu, Zhen; Cai, Yijun; Wang, Yan; Nie, Yanhong; Zhang, Chenchen; Xu, Yuting; Zhang, Xiaotong; Lu, Yong; Wang, Zhanyang; Poo, Muming; Sun, Qiang (24 January 2018).
1184:
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571:"First monkeys cloned with technique that made Dolly the sheep – Chinese scientists create cloned primates that could revolutionize studies of human disease"
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that "Technically speaking one can clone human ... But we're not going to do it. There's absolutely no plan to do anything on humans."
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415:
631:"First Primate Clones Produced Using the "Dolly" Method – The success with monkeys could ignite new ethical debates and medical research"
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384:). Although the success rate was still low, the methods could be improved to increase survival rate in the future. By comparison, the
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monkeys, using the same cloning technique that was used with Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua, and the same gene-editing
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Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua were produced by scientists from the
Institute of Neuroscience of the
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The birth of the two cloned primates also raised concerns from bioethicists. Insoo Hyun of
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745:"Meet Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua, the first monkey clones produced by method that made Dolly"
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541:"These monkey twins are the first primate clones made by the method that developed Dolly"
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produced by this technique. Unlike previous attempts to clone monkeys, the donated
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In
January 2019, scientists in China reported the creation of five identical
1019:
938:"Chinese Scientists Clone Monkeys Using Method That Created Dolly The Sheep"
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228:
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309:. The monkey clones were made in order to study several medical diseases.
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questioned whether this meant that human cloning would be next. Poo told
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662:"Yes, They've Cloned Monkeys in China. That Doesn't Mean You're Next"
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207:(also referred to as cynomolgus monkeys) that were created through
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351:(ova) that had had their own nuclei removed. The team used two
263:
of the transferred nuclei to support the growth of the embryo.
988:
495:"Cloning of Macaque Monkeys by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer"
833:"China's Latest Cloned-Monkey Experiment Is an Ethical Mess"
305:
in creating the first ever gene-modified human babies
16:"Hua Hua" redirects here. For the Chinese singer, see
1703:
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693:"First monkey clones created in Chinese laboratory"
418:. Crab-eating macaques are already an established
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134:
91:
83:
69:
251:Since scientists produced the first cloned mammal
64:Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua at nearly 2 months of age
655:
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203:, born 5 December 2017) are a pair of identical
488:
486:
484:
482:
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1185:Stem cell laws and policy in the United States
982:"Researchers clone monkey by splitting embryo"
1236:
1004:
805:"Gene-edited disease monkeys cloned in China"
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48:
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8:
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438:when he appeared on the radio news program
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359:memory of the transferred nuclei of being
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31:World's first cloned primates (born 2017)
1190:Epigenetics in stem cell differentiation
1710:
831:Mandelbaum, Ryan F. (23 January 2019).
803:Science China Press (23 January 2019).
476:
277:Oregon National Primate Research Center
930:
928:
775:White-house, David (14 January 2000).
465:List of animals that have been cloned
279:using a different technique, called "
7:
713:Hotz, Robert Lee (24 January 2018).
629:Maron, Dina Fine (24 January 2018).
569:Cyranoski, David (24 January 2018).
539:Normile, Dennis (24 January 2018).
219:in 1996. They are the first cloned
14:
859:Genetic Science Learning Center.
691:Briggs, Helen (24 January 2018).
335:. They extracted nuclei from the
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660:Kolata, Gina (24 January 2018).
426:, though Poo chose to emphasize
1870:Science and technology in China
1613:Biological techniques and tools
889:American Journal of Primatology
449:Case Western Reserve University
271:, was created by a team led by
20:. For the psychometrician, see
1305:Genetically modified organisms
1049:Induced pluripotent stem cells
339:of an aborted fetal monkey (a
267:(born October 1999), a female
199:
190:
177:
1:
936:Rob Stein (24 January 2018).
319:Somatic cell nuclear transfer
257:somatic cell nuclear transfer
209:somatic cell nuclear transfer
181:, born 27 November 2017) and
152:somatic cell nuclear transfer
1272:History of molecular biology
301:technique allegedly used by
1855:Individual animals in China
964:"Gallery of cloned animals"
885:"Why Primate Models Matter"
777:"Scientists 'clone' monkey"
325:Chinese Academy of Sciences
237:Chinese Academy of Sciences
24:. For the giant panda, see
1891:
1548:polyclonal B cell response
598:10.1038/d41586-018-01027-z
514:10.1016/j.cell.2018.01.020
399:
316:
15:
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1651:Polymerase chain reaction
1262:
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743:Staff (24 January 2018).
377:
347:) and inserted them into
168:
57:
49:
43:
1160:Cellular differentiation
861:"The History of Cloning"
215:technique that produced
1267:Outline of cell biology
1120:Hematopoietic stem cell
940:. National Public Radio
720:The Wall Street Journal
555:10.1126/science.aat1066
331:, led by Qiang Sun and
38:Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua
382:Chinese name for China
1631:In situ hybridization
1553:somatic hypermutation
1543:monoclonal antibodies
1378:Developmental biology
1170:Stem cell controversy
1125:Mesenchymal stem cell
1115:Endothelial stem cell
453:All Things Considered
441:All Things Considered
317:Further information:
26:Hua Hua (giant_panda)
1593:Molecular biologists
1368:Clone (cell biology)
1034:Embryonic stem cells
863:. University of Utah
368:Hua, a reference to
205:crab-eating macaques
1578:Biochemistry topics
1479:Population genetics
1454:Genetic engineering
1363:Signal transduction
1300:Genetic engineering
1094:Embryonic stem cell
636:Scientific American
589:2018Natur.553..387C
535:Scholarly sources:
436:Alzheimer's disease
432:Parkinson's disease
345:Macaca fascicularis
341:crab-eating macaque
77:Macaca fascicularis
54:
1860:Individual monkeys
1830:2017 animal births
1469:Molecular genetics
667:The New York Times
416:animal experiments
255:in 1996 using the
146:First primates to
125:(age 6 years)
109:(age 6 years)
1825:Molecular biology
1701:
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1680:Molecular biology
1588:Molecular biology
1565:Molecular biology
1449:Genetic disorders
1252:Molecular biology
1218:
1217:
1165:Stem cell therapy
1044:Cancer stem cells
976:on 12 March 2016.
901:10.1002/ajp.22281
687:Popular sources:
583:(7689): 387–388.
507:(4): 881–887.e7.
444:in January 2018.
406:Ethics of cloning
211:(SCNT), the same
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1039:Adult stem cells
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253:Dolly the sheep
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217:Dolly the sheep
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810:EurekAlert!
412:Mu-ming Poo
337:fibroblasts
333:Mu-ming Poo
291:gene-edited
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229:fetal cells
178:Zhōng Zhōng
161:Zhong Zhong
135:Nation from
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1814:Categories
1744:Technology
1537:Immunology
1416:Teratogens
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357:epigenetic
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247:Background
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150:using the
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103:2017-11-27
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374:Chinese
353:enzymes
313:Process
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213:cloning
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