189:
265:
Way's work was largely unknown until the early 1990s, when it was documented in an article by art historian
William Lamson Warren. Ongoing research on available samples, and new details about the composition of dressed miniatures. has been unearthed by Brian Ehrlich. A previously unknown pattern of
167:, which taught needlework among other subjects. Female academies in early America taught literacy and numeracy, but as their students "were being schooled to be homemakers and matrons in a polite society", academies focused on the arts to the exclusion of more advanced academic subjects.
136:, a 17th-century Italian miniaturist. As might be expected, miniature painting in this technique was immensely difficult. The small size alone presented formidable challenges. Moreover, ivory does not retain paint well, which meant that "the tiniest error was usually irreversible".
162:
Although this has not been documented, many scholars note that it is likely Way learned painting at a "female academy" in
Connecticut. (An 1833 obituary claims, however, that Way was "self-taught".) Huber suggests that this academy was the Lucy Carew School in
158:
Tabor) died relatively early in Way's life. Her cousin
Charles Holt ran a local newspaper in which he advertised Way's work. Her sister Elizabeth ("Betsey") Champlain (1771–1825) and niece Eliza Champlain (1797–1825) also worked in miniatures.
228:
Kelly observes that Way's miniatures did not tend to follow technical developments in the genre, which included a shift to larger formats and brighter colors. Rather, she continued to use a more muted palette throughout her career.
207:
Way was an artistic pioneer in early
America. Jaffee calls her "very likely the first professional woman artist in the post-Revolutionary United States"; Baratt and Zabar, "one of the first professional women painters in America".
705:
420:
170:
In 1809, Way herself had established a school for women in New London, in which she taught painting and other subjects. She had advertised as a teacher as early as 1796.
113:
The genre's historical roots extend back to medieval illuminated manuscripts, in which small-scale, detailed artistry was of paramount importance; and the portrait
289:, among other institutions and in the hands of private collectors. An exhibition of the Way sisters' works, with an accompanying catalog, debuted in late 2021.
232:
She is known to have signed only one painting, of her cousin
Charles Holt. Ehrlich suggests that Mary and her sister Elizabeth produced some paintings jointly.
965:
173:
In 1811, she moved to New York City after her work had begun to attract notice. Despite gaining some recognition, she was poor for much of her life.
970:
955:
235:
Way's subjects included members of her New York church and contacts from her days in New London. One of her pieces purportedly portrays a young
917:
886:
855:
795:
623:
493:
697:
582:
960:
764:
412:
225:
noted that she "takes
Likenesses upon Ivory & Glass, in colours or gold, Landscapes, or views of country Seats, &c. &c".
259:
847:
539:
629:
499:
682:
373:
878:
481:
274:
200:
106:
Portrait miniatures were popular in the colonial period and early
Republic for about a century, from 1750 to 1850.
615:
611:
282:
240:
95:
145:
35:
278:
485:
286:
236:
107:
755:"The enduring art of Mary Way: Work by the 18th-century New London artist is still capturing attention"
678:
Notes on
American Artists, 1754–1820, Copied from Advertisements Appearing in the Newspapers of the Day
950:
945:
759:
164:
728:
252:
125:
244:
91:
79:
574:
382:
215:. Uniquely, Way "dressed" her miniatures with textiles and other embellishments: "the effect",
923:
913:
882:
851:
791:
619:
489:
903:
378:
368:
216:
133:
754:
248:
676:
607:
With Needle and Brush: Schoolgirl
Embroidery from the Connecticut River Valley, 1740–1840
211:
Way's miniatures were primarily in watercolor on ivory, although she also produced some
188:
527:
939:
221:
219:
observes, as of "a two-dimensional doll". An 1812 advertisement for her work in the
874:
267:
212:
98:, was among the first women to work as a professional artist in the United States.
907:
868:
841:
605:
475:
176:
Way was forced to abandon her painting career in 1818 when she became blind from
149:
118:
39:
192:
A "dressed" portrait miniature by Mary Way, in watercolor overlaid with linen,
811:
604:
Huber, Carol; Huber, Stephen; Schoelwer, Susan P.; Lansing, Amy Kurtz (2012).
154:
90:(1769 – November 1833) was an American painter, known for her
927:
180:. Around that time, she left New York for New London to be with her family.
152:, where she was born. Her father Ebenezer was a merchant; her mother Mary (
255:, among others, who advised her and suggested improvements to her work.
177:
110:
was one of the more prominent
American painters to produce miniatures.
932:
A chronicle of the Way family, based on their extensive correspondence.
909:
Sisters of the Brush: Their Family, Art, Lives and Letters, 1797–1833
121:, which Johnson describes as the "first small portable likeness".
698:"Young Theodosia Burr, in a "Dressed Portrait" by Mary Way, c1788"
413:"Mary Way and Betsy Way Champlain: Evaluating the Shared Artistry"
187:
129:
114:
477:
American Portrait Miniatures in the Metropolitan Museum of Art
843:
A New Nation of Goods: The Material Culture of Early America
316:
314:
575:"Is It This Way or That Way? The Carew-Way Connection"
442:
440:
438:
377:(online ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
870:
American Portrait Miniatures in the Manney Collection
812:"The Way Sisters: Miniaturists of the Early Republic"
788:
The Way Sisters: Miniaturists of the Early Republic
74:
66:
58:
46:
28:
21:
532:Commonplace: The Journal of Early American Life
70:Unknown; likely a Connecticut "female academy"
8:
474:Barratt, Carrie Rebora; Zabar, Lori (2010).
912:. New Haven, Connecticut: PastTimes Press.
790:. New London, CT: Lyman Allyn Art Museum.
685:. p. 50 – via Internet Archive.
18:
383:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1701680
124:The medium in which Way primarily worked—
696:Scott, Susan Holloway (August 7, 2019).
753:Slosberg, Stephen (December 14, 2018).
632:from the original on September 23, 2020
344:
332:
320:
305:
298:
662:
650:
560:
502:from the original on December 15, 2019
446:
270:adorns a figure of Sarah Hamlin Sage.
7:
521:
519:
517:
469:
467:
465:
463:
461:
459:
457:
455:
406:
404:
402:
400:
398:
396:
363:
361:
359:
357:
355:
353:
966:People from New London, Connecticut
727:Ehrlich, Brian (November 8, 2021).
411:Ehrlich, Brian (November 5, 2014).
239:, and a separate one of her mother
117:, popular in ancient times and the
767:from the original on July 11, 2020
708:from the original on July 17, 2021
585:from the original on July 11, 2020
542:from the original on July 16, 2020
423:from the original on July 15, 2020
258:In 1818, she was exhibited at the
14:
526:Kelly, Catherine (January 2003).
260:American Academy of the Fine Arts
144:Way began her artistic career in
848:University of Pennsylvania Press
573:Huber, Carol (August 13, 2014).
971:American portrait miniaturists
956:19th-century American painters
1:
193:
94:. She, along with her sister
675:Kelby, William, ed. (1922).
273:Way's works are held at the
16:19th century American artist
683:New-York Historical Society
610:. Middletown, Connecticut:
374:American National Biography
987:
879:Metropolitan Museum of Art
482:Metropolitan Museum of Art
480:. New Haven, Connecticut:
275:Metropolitan Museum of Art
243:. She was acquainted with
201:Metropolitan Museum of Art
961:Painters from Connecticut
867:Johnson, Dale T. (1990).
616:Wesleyan University Press
612:Florence Griswold Museum
283:Florence Griswold Museum
132:—was first developed by
389:(subscription required)
281:in New London; and the
96:Elizabeth Way Champlain
840:Jaffee, David (2010).
816:Lyman Allyn Art Museum
279:Lyman Allyn Art Museum
204:
786:Pohrt, Tanya (2021).
733:The Magazine Antiques
729:"Dressed for Success"
486:Yale University Press
371:(1999). "Way, Mary".
287:Old Lyme, Connecticut
241:Theodosia Bartow Burr
222:New-York Evening Post
191:
108:John Singleton Copley
906:(October 12, 2012).
702:Susan Holloway Scott
199:. Collection of the
253:Samuel Lovett Waldo
92:portrait miniatures
80:portrait miniatures
528:"Miniature Worlds"
245:John Wesley Jarvis
205:
919:978-1-4791-8275-6
904:MacMullen, Ramsay
888:978-0-87099-597-2
857:978-0-8122-2200-5
797:978-1-878541-08-6
625:978-0-8195-7229-5
495:978-1-58839-357-9
369:MacMullen, Ramsay
277:in New York; the
85:
84:
54:(aged 63–64)
978:
931:
892:
861:
846:. Philadelphia:
827:
826:
824:
822:
808:
802:
801:
783:
777:
776:
774:
772:
750:
744:
743:
741:
739:
724:
718:
717:
715:
713:
693:
687:
686:
672:
666:
660:
654:
648:
642:
641:
639:
637:
601:
595:
594:
592:
590:
570:
564:
558:
552:
551:
549:
547:
523:
512:
511:
509:
507:
471:
450:
444:
433:
432:
430:
428:
408:
391:
390:
386:
365:
348:
342:
336:
330:
324:
318:
309:
303:
217:Ramsay MacMullen
198:
195:
134:Rosalba Carriera
53:
19:
986:
985:
981:
980:
979:
977:
976:
975:
936:
935:
920:
902:
899:
897:Further reading
889:
866:
858:
839:
836:
831:
830:
820:
818:
810:
809:
805:
798:
785:
784:
780:
770:
768:
752:
751:
747:
737:
735:
726:
725:
721:
711:
709:
695:
694:
690:
674:
673:
669:
661:
657:
649:
645:
635:
633:
626:
603:
602:
598:
588:
586:
572:
571:
567:
559:
555:
545:
543:
525:
524:
515:
505:
503:
496:
473:
472:
453:
445:
436:
426:
424:
410:
409:
394:
388:
367:
366:
351:
343:
339:
331:
327:
319:
312:
304:
300:
295:
249:Anson Dickinson
196:
186:
142:
104:
51:
42:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
984:
982:
974:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
938:
937:
934:
933:
918:
898:
895:
894:
893:
887:
863:
862:
856:
835:
832:
829:
828:
803:
796:
778:
745:
719:
688:
667:
655:
643:
624:
596:
565:
553:
513:
494:
488:. p. 76.
451:
434:
392:
349:
337:
325:
310:
297:
296:
294:
291:
237:Theodosia Burr
185:
182:
141:
138:
103:
100:
83:
82:
76:
75:Known for
72:
71:
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
48:
44:
43:
34:
30:
26:
25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
983:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
943:
941:
929:
925:
921:
915:
911:
910:
905:
901:
900:
896:
890:
884:
880:
876:
872:
871:
865:
864:
859:
853:
849:
845:
844:
838:
837:
833:
817:
813:
807:
804:
799:
793:
789:
782:
779:
766:
762:
761:
756:
749:
746:
734:
730:
723:
720:
707:
703:
699:
692:
689:
684:
680:
679:
671:
668:
665:, p. 87.
664:
659:
656:
653:, p. 88.
652:
647:
644:
636:September 20,
631:
627:
621:
618:. p. 7.
617:
613:
609:
608:
600:
597:
584:
580:
576:
569:
566:
563:, p. 86.
562:
557:
554:
541:
537:
533:
529:
522:
520:
518:
514:
506:September 20,
501:
497:
491:
487:
483:
479:
478:
470:
468:
466:
464:
462:
460:
458:
456:
452:
449:, p. 85.
448:
443:
441:
439:
435:
422:
418:
414:
407:
405:
403:
401:
399:
397:
393:
384:
380:
376:
375:
370:
364:
362:
360:
358:
356:
354:
350:
347:, p. 15.
346:
341:
338:
335:, p. 14.
334:
329:
326:
323:, p. 16.
322:
317:
315:
311:
308:, p. 13.
307:
302:
299:
292:
290:
288:
284:
280:
276:
271:
269:
263:
261:
256:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
233:
230:
226:
224:
223:
218:
214:
213:oil paintings
209:
202:
190:
183:
181:
179:
174:
171:
168:
166:
160:
157:
156:
151:
147:
139:
137:
135:
131:
127:
122:
120:
116:
111:
109:
101:
99:
97:
93:
89:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
50:November 1833
49:
45:
41:
37:
31:
27:
20:
908:
875:Abrams Books
873:. New York:
869:
842:
819:. Retrieved
815:
806:
787:
781:
769:. Retrieved
758:
748:
738:November 29,
736:. Retrieved
732:
722:
710:. Retrieved
701:
691:
681:. New York:
677:
670:
658:
646:
634:. Retrieved
606:
599:
587:. Retrieved
578:
568:
556:
544:. Retrieved
535:
531:
504:. Retrieved
476:
425:. Retrieved
416:
372:
345:Johnson 1990
340:
333:Johnson 1990
328:
321:Johnson 1990
306:Johnson 1990
301:
272:
268:Ipswich lace
264:
257:
234:
231:
227:
220:
210:
206:
175:
172:
169:
161:
153:
143:
123:
112:
105:
87:
86:
52:(1833-00-00)
951:1833 deaths
946:1769 births
663:Jaffee 2010
651:Jaffee 2010
561:Jaffee 2010
447:Jaffee 2010
197: 1795
150:Connecticut
119:Renaissance
59:Nationality
40:Connecticut
940:Categories
146:New London
126:watercolor
102:Background
78:"Dressed"
36:New London
579:InCollect
417:InCollect
67:Education
928:37704013
821:July 17,
771:July 11,
765:Archived
712:July 17,
706:Archived
630:Archived
589:July 11,
583:Archived
546:July 11,
540:Archived
500:Archived
427:July 11,
421:Archived
178:glaucoma
88:Mary Way
62:American
23:Mary Way
834:Sources
760:The Day
165:Norwich
926:
916:
885:
854:
794:
622:
492:
387:
251:, and
538:(2).
293:Notes
266:rare
130:ivory
115:medal
924:OCLC
914:ISBN
883:ISBN
852:ISBN
823:2021
792:ISBN
773:2020
740:2021
714:2021
638:2020
620:ISBN
591:2020
548:2020
508:2020
490:ISBN
429:2020
140:Life
47:Died
32:1769
29:Born
379:doi
285:in
184:Art
155:née
128:on
942::
922:.
881:.
877:;
850:.
814:.
763:.
757:.
731:.
704:.
700:.
628:.
614:;
581:.
577:.
534:.
530:.
516:^
498:.
484:;
454:^
437:^
419:.
415:.
395:^
352:^
313:^
262:.
247:,
194:c.
148:,
38:,
930:.
891:.
860:.
825:.
800:.
775:.
742:.
716:.
640:.
593:.
550:.
536:3
510:.
431:.
385:.
381::
203:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
