Genesis flood narrative - Knowledge (XXG)

562:, which has a version found in Ugarit (RS 22.421) that contains a first person account of the flood. If this suggestion is correct, then RS 94.2953 represents a unique version of the Mesopotamian flood story. Line 1 of the text says "At the start of the time of the disappearance of the moon, at the beginning of the month". This reference to the lunar date giving the specific date the protagonist released the bird is significant as it is the only variant of the flood story giving a specific date and the rest do not attribute specific dates or calendrical details to the various stages of the flood. Both RS 94.2953 and Genesis 8 are about the flood protagonist releasing a bird on a specific calendrical date in order to find land in the midst of the flood. 29: 8531: 8397: 7556: 7489: 7358: 6741: 6343: 245:", a literary structure in which the first item matches the last, the second the second-last, and so on), and many efforts have been made to explain this unity, including attempts to identify which of the two sources was earlier and therefore influenced the other. Some scholars have even questioned whether the story is actually based on two different sources, noting that some of the doublets (such as the dove and raven) are not actually contradictory and in fact appear as linked 183: 523:

days (12 months of 30 days each). This means that the flood lasts 36 weeks according to the flood calendar, in which an extra day is added to every third month. The number of weeks is symbolically significant, representing the biblical cypher for destruction (the number 6, expressed as 6x6=36), while the number 7 (the number of days in a week) represents the persistence of creation during this time of destruction.

1115: 501: 1143: 1129: 1103:: for Kircher and earlier natural historians, there was little problem finding room for all known animal species in the Ark. Less than a century later, discoveries of new species made it increasingly difficult to justify a literal interpretation for the Ark story. By the middle of the 18th century only a few natural historians accepted a literal interpretation of the narrative. 1157: 3315:"geologists do not deny uniformitarianism in its true sense, that is to say, of interpreting the past by means of the processes that are seen going on at the present day, so long as we remember that the periodic catastrophe is one of those processes. Those periodic catastrophes make more showing in the stratigraphical record than we have hitherto assumed." 170:, and all life perished except Noah and those with him in the Ark. After 150 days, "God remembered Noah ... and the waters subsided" until the Ark rested on the mountains of Ararat, and on the 27th day of the second month of Noah's six hundred and first year the earth was dry. Then Noah built an altar and made a sacrifice, and God made a 140: 166:(in Hebrew, a chest or box), and Noah entered the Ark in his six hundredth year , and on the 17th day of the second month of that year "the fountains of the Great Deep burst apart and the floodgates of heaven broke open" and rain fell for forty days and forty nights until the highest mountains were covered to a depth of 15 531:

flood, which emerged by divine hand from the heavens and earth and took ten months to finally stop. That the Jahwist source's capricious and somewhat simplistic depiction of Yahweh is clearly distinguished from the Priestly source's characteristically majestic, transcendental, and austere virtuous Yahweh.

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among the descendants of the survivors, in that the survivors are related. There is no evidence of such a severe genetic bottleneck at that period of time (~7000 years before the present day) either among humans or other animal species; however, if the flood narrative is derived from a more localized

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teaches that the flood of Noah was the last of three events where the world's population was reduced to a single family. Thirty generations after Adam, most of the population was killed by pestilence and war, leaving only Ram and his wife Rud. Twenty-five generations later, most of the population was

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The "original", Jahwist narrative of the Great Deluge was modest; a week of ostensibly non-celestial rain is followed by a forty-day flood which takes a mere week to recede in order to provide Noah his stage for God's covenant. It is the Priestly source which adds more fantastic figures of a 150-day

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Rudoy A.N. Mountain Ice-Dammed Lakes of Southern Siberia and their Influence on the Development and Regime of the Runoff Systems of North Asia in the Late Pleistocene. Chapter 16. (P. 215—234.) — Palaeohydrology and Environmental Change / Eds: G. Benito, V.R. Baker, K.J. Gregory. — Chichester: John

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God separates the "waters above the earth" from those below so that dry land can appear as a home for living things, but in the flood story the "windows of heaven" and "fountains of the deep" are opened so that the world is returned to the watery chaos of the time before creation. Even the sequence

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The period from the beginning of the flood to the landing on the mountain is five months (the second month to the seventh, Genesis 7:11 and 8:4) and 150 days (8:3), making an impossible five months of 30 days each; the number is schematic, and is based on the Babylonian astronomical calendar of 360

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The flood begins on the 17th day of the second month when "the springs of the great deep burst forth, and the floodgates of the heavens were opened", and after 40 days the ark floats (Genesis 7:11–12). The waters rise and then recede, and on the 17th day of the seventh month (or the 27th day in the

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which contradicts a number of principles and discoveries of fact in the fields of geology, stratigraphy, geophysics, physics, paleontology, biology, anthropology, and archaeology in an attempt to interpret and reconcile geological features on Earth in accordance with a literal understanding of the

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in other biblical and non-biblical sources, that the method of doublets is inconsistently applied in that the alleged sources themselves contain doublets, and that the theory assumes a redactor who combined the sources inconsistently (in some cases extensively editing together the text and in some

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as it traveled between 3.5 to 1.5 km inland. The tsunami was approximately 16 m high. Recovery in the affected areas was slow but overall, it did not significantly affect the social development of the southern Levant. Whilst the tsunami is not identified with the Biblical flood, it is believed to

575:(Genesis 1–2) deals with God's creation and God's repentance is the rationale behind the flood narrative, and in the Priestly source (which runs through all of Genesis and into the other four books of the Torah) these two verbs, "create" and "forgive", are reserved exclusively for divine actions. 1039:

inherent in flood geology. However, with the discovery of evidence for some catastrophic events, events similar to those on which the flood narrative may be based are accepted as possible within an overall uniformitarian framework. In relation to geological forces, uniformitarianism explains the

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The primeval history is first and foremost about the world God made, its origins, inhabitants, purposes, challenges, and failures. It asks why the world which God has made is so imperfect and of the meaning of human violence and evil, and its solutions involve the notions of covenant, law, and

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in the 18th century. Natural historians began to draw connections between climates and the animals and plants adapted to them. One influential theory held that the biblical Ararat was striped with varying climatic zones, and as climate changed, the associated animals moved as well, eventually

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Scholars have long puzzled over the significance of the flood lasting one year and eleven days (day 17 of year 600 to day 27 of year 601); one solution is that the basic calendar is a lunar one of 354 days, to which eleven days have been added to match a solar year of 365 days.

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wants to board the ark, Noah attempts to not let her, thus she uses her divine power to blow on the ark, causing it to be consumed by fire. Noah later builds the ark a second time. When the Archons try to seize Norea, she calls out to God for help, then the angel

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released a raven which "went to and fro until the waters were dried up" or a dove which on the third occasion "did not return to him again," or possibly both. But despite this disagreement on details the story forms a unified whole (some scholars see in it a

988:," a heterogeneous group of writers from the early 19th century, most of whom lacked any background in geology and also lacked influence even in religious circles. The geologic views of these writers were ignored by the scientific community of their time. 882:) some time between 12000 BC and 9000 BC, as demonstrated by the fact that much of the gravel deposited along the Katun valley lacks a stratigraphic structure, instead showing characteristics of a deposition directly after suspension in a turbulent flow. 2468:

Grosswald, M.G., 1998, New approach to the ice age paleohydrology of northern Eurasia. Chapter 15. (P. 199-214)— Palaeohydrology and Environmental Change / Eds: G. Benito, V.R. Baker, K.J. Gregory. — Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1998. 353

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of flood events mimics that of creation, the flood first covering the earth to the highest mountains, then destroying, in order, birds, cattle, beasts, "swarming creatures", and finally mankind. (This parallels the Babylonian flood story in the

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Greek version) the ark rests on the mountains (Genesis 8:4). The waters continue to fall, the ark is uncovered on the 1st day of the 1st month of Noah's 601st year, and is opened on the 27th day of his 601st year (Genesis 8:13–14).

587:; the division between the "waters above" and the "waters below" the earth is removed, the dry land is flooded, most life is destroyed, and only Noah and those with him survive to obey God's command to "be fruitful and multiply." 204:

The consensus of modern scholars is that Genesis was composed around the 5th century BCE, but as the first eleven chapters show little relationship to the rest of the book, some scholars believe that this section (the so-called

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before it fell on earth for forty days so that it could scald the skin of sinners. It was a punishment that befitted their crime because like the rain, humanity's sensual desires made them hot and inflamed to immoral excesses.

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is the same used for the basket in which Moses is saved, implying a symmetry between the stories of two divinely chosen saviours in a world threatened by water and chaos. The most significant such echo is a reversal of the

620:, the sins in the antediluvian world included blasphemy, occult practices and preventing new traders from making profit. Children also had the ability to talk and walk immediately after birth and battle with demons. 852:. As with the Channeled Scablands of the state of Washington, breakthroughs of glacial ice dams are believed to have unleashed massive and sudden torrents of water to form the gorge some time between 600 and 900 AD. 538:. This is perhaps due to a version of the flood myth that was available at the time. There is a text discovered from Ugarit known as RS 94.2953, consisting of fourteen lines telling a first-person account of how 682:—the Ark was planned by God and there is only one way of salvation through the door of the Ark, akin to one way of salvation through Christ. Additionally, some scholars commenting on the teaching of the apostle 2509:

Shtienberg, Gilad; Yasur-Landau, Assaf; Norris, Richard D.; Lazar, Michael; Rittenour, Tammy M.; Tamberino, Anthony; Gadol, Omir; Cantu, Katrina; Arkin-Shalev, Ehud; Ward, Steven N.; Levy, Thomas E. (2020).

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Numerous and often detailed parallels make clear that the Genesis flood narrative is dependent on the Mesopotamian epics, and particularly on Gilgamesh, which is thought to date from c.1300–1000 BCE.

2293: 220:, and their interweaving is evidenced in the doublets (i.e., repetitions) contained within the final story. Many of these are contradictory, such as how long the flood lasted (40 days according to 3264:. And here's why: among geologists in the 1920s, catastrophic explanations for geological events (other than volcanos or earthquakes) were considered wrong-minded to the point of heresy." p. 42. 1010:

theories. Through the middle of the 20th century, despite debates between Protestant Christian scientists, Flood geology maintained traction amongst evangelical Christian circles. Historian

162:, and to him he confided his intention: "I am about to bring on the Flood ... to eliminate everywhere all flesh in which there is the breath of life ... ." So God instructed him to build an 969:

as completely historical, but should not take the earlier chapters of Genesis literally. By a variety of independent means, scientists have since determined that the Earth is approximately

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Reliquiæ Diluvianæ: Or Observations on the Organic Remains Contained in Caves, Fissures, and Diluvial Gravel, and on Other Geological Phenomena, Attesting the Action of an Universal Deluge

1907:: "There is increasing recognition that the pentateuchal narrative is seldom careless or arbitrary," write John Bergsma and Scott Hahn, "and intertextual echoes are seldom coincidental." 2777:; Dupréa, Bernard & Hamelin, Bruno (1980). "Lead isotope study of basic-ultrabasic layered complexes: Speculations about the age of the earth and primitive mantle characteristics". 262:

The following table compares the proposed Yahwist and Priestly sources. Each provides a complete story-line, with introductions and conclusions, reasons for the flood, and theologies.

3453: 2019:"Creation Worldview Ministries: The New Testament and the Genesis Flood: A Hermeneutical Investigation of the Historicity, Scope, and Theological Purpose of the Noahic Deluge" 1091:

knowledge. The resulting hypotheses provided an important impetus to the study of the geographical distribution of plants and animals, and indirectly spurred the emergence of

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Introduction: Noah's righteousness, humanity's wickedness, God's decision to destroy; Ark described, Covenant described, 1 pair of all animals, Noah does as God commands.

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originating from the collapse of glacial dams of glacial lakes in the region, the last of which has been estimated to have occurred between 18,200 and 14,000 years ago.

965:, an 1889 volume of theological essays which marks a stage in the acceptance of a more critical approach to scripture, took the stance that readers should rely on the 3777: 2823: 489:, all of which are variations of each other, and it is just possible that an abbreviation of Utnapishtim/Utna'ishtim as "na'ish" was pronounced "Noah" in Palestine. 2294:

https://thenaturalhistorian.com/2016/03/30/the-great-genetic-bottleneck-that-contradicts-ken-hams-radical-accelerated-diversification-ie-post-flood-hyper-evolution/

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with them, but not horses: "How America abounded with Beasts of prey and noxious Animals, yet contained not in that necessary Creature, a Horse, is very strange".

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Academic scholars and researchers consider the story in its present form to be exaggerated and/or implausible. The story of the Deluge describes either a severe

2350: 5151: 3387: 3267:"Consider, then, what Bretz was up against. The very word 'Catastrophism' was heinous in the ears of geologists. ... It was a step backward, a betrayal of 690:), connect the Ark with the resurrection of Christ; the waters burying the old world but raising Noah to a new life. Christian scholars also highlight that 7756: 5817: 3366: 1087:(c. 1601–1680), had also begun to subject the Ark story to rigorous scrutiny as they attempted to harmonize the biblical account with the growing body of 8299: 8279: 4400: 932:(relics of the flood) "Attesting the Action of an Universal Deluge". His views were supported by others at the time, including the influential geologist 473:, (the oldest, found in very fragmentary form on a single tablet dating from about 1600 BCE, although the story itself is older), and as episodes in two 599:, where at the end of rain "all of mankind had returned to clay," the substance of which they had been made.) The Ark itself is likewise a microcosm of 955:

at between 24 million and 400 million years, and for the remainder of the 19th century, discussion focused not on the viability of this theory of

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Numbers in the Bible often have symbolic or idiomatic meaning, and the 40 days and nights for which rain fell on the Earth indicates a complete cycle.

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Naturalis Historia blog. "The Great Genetic Bottleneck that Contradicts Ken Ham’s Radical Accelerated Diversification (Post-Flood Hyper-Evolution)."

84:(chapters 1–11), including the flood narrative, may have been composed and added as late as the 3rd century BCE. It draws on two sources, called the 7545: 7955: 7449: 5784: 1002:. As Price's career progressed, he gained attention outside of Seventh-day Adventist groups, and by 1929 he was a popular scientific author among 924:, which placed the Creation and the flood no more than a few thousand years back in history. In 1823 the English theologian and natural scientist 578:

Intertextuality is the way biblical stories refer to and reflect one another. Such echoes are seldom coincidental—for instance, the word used for

4541: 4497: 8289: 7540: 7412: 5725: 5309: 158:, God saw that the earth was corrupt and filled with violence, and he decided to destroy what he had created. But God found one righteous man, 128: 7816: 4210: 4168: 4143: 4118: 3882: 3810: 3727: 3575: 3554: 3467: 3439: 3255: 3200: 3107: 3074: 3049: 3022: 2994: 2964: 2930: 2657: 2368: 2240: 722:) who decide to flood the world in order to dispose of most of mankind. However, Noah is spared and told to build an ark. But when his wife 8237: 3502: 466:(c. 1880–1595 BCE) and reached Syro-Palestine in the latter half of the 2nd millennium BCE. Extant texts show three distinct versions, the 2950: 250:

cases faithfully preserving contradictory versions) for unclear reasons. Similarly, the complete Genesis flood story matches the parallel

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The story of the flood occurs in chapters 6–9 of the Book of Genesis, the first book of the Bible. Ten generations after the creation of

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The controversial existence of a chiasm is not an argument against the construction of the story from two sources. See the overview in

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attempt to argue that such a global flood actually occurred. Some Christians have preferred to interpret the narrative as describing a

5720: 4261: 3662: 3418: 3397: 2670: 2314: 2093: 2060: 759:. Fifteen generations later, most of the population was killed by flood, leaving only Noah and Shem, in addition to the latter's wife 8294: 7684: 5023: 4982: 4509: 4486: 4463: 4431: 4410: 4389: 4368: 4326: 4305: 4284: 4231: 4189: 4099: 4078: 4057: 4016: 3995: 3966: 3945: 3924: 3903: 3789: 3766: 3746: 3706: 3683: 3638: 3617: 3597: 3533: 3512: 3491: 3376: 3355: 3306: 3227: 2338: 2164: 1802: 948: 2018: 174:

that man would be allowed to eat every living thing but not its blood, and that God would never again destroy all life by a flood.

2512:"A Neolithic mega-tsunami event in the eastern Mediterranean: Prehistoric settlement vulnerability along the Carmel coast, Israel" 8319: 8226: 7186: 4757: 4675: 3127: 3039: 2210:. Vol. Right Volume. Translated by Al-Saadi, Qais; Al-Saadi, Hamed (2nd ed.). Germany: Drabsha. 2019. pp. 203–204. 1079:, was a medical doctor and amateur scientist making this observation in passing. However, biblical scholars of the time, such as 920:

The development of scientific geology had a profound impact on attitudes towards the biblical flood narrative by undermining the

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that they believe contradict their interpretation of religious texts was first established by the publication of the 1961 book,

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Noah and family told to multiply, given animals to eat; Covenant established, rainbow as sign, God promises not to flood again.

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On the Trail of the Ice Age Floods: The Northern Reaches: A geological field guide to northern Idaho and the Channeled Scabland

2193:. Vol. Right Volume. Translated by Al-Saadi, Qais; Al-Saadi, Hamed (2nd ed.). Germany: Drabsha. 2019. pp. 18–19. 2349:

Balbas, A.M., Barth, A.M., Clark, P.U., Clark, J., Caffee, M., O'Connor, J., Baker, V.R., Konrad, K. and Bjornstad, B., 2017.

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event and describes a founder effect among one population of humans, certain explanations such as the events described by the

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University of Washington. "Historic Himalayan Ice Dams Created Huge Lakes, Mammoth Floods." Science News, 2004 December 27.

1993: 8380: 8362: 8010: 5482: 5347: 4923: 2815: 1577: 8304: 7901: 7520: 5143: 4966: 4129: 845: 7336: 2705: 1458: 47: 8569: 8357: 8188: 7734: 7637: 7176: 6935: 6215: 5244: 5223: 4990: 1032: 871: 838: 827: 4534: 8213: 7476: 7319: 7191: 7081: 7037: 5839: 5803: 5388: 5321: 5260: 5254: 5111: 5062: 5037: 4697: 4611: 3222:(Expanded, First Harvard University Press paperback ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. 2367:

Montgomery DR."Biblical-Type Floods Are Real, and They're Absolutely Enormous." Discover Magazine, 2012 August 29.

1380: 760: 584: 572: 66: 1346: 229: 225: 221: 8574: 8554: 8446: 8375: 7950: 7806: 7739: 7459: 6965: 6908: 5571: 5188: 4861: 4821: 4733: 3985: 1003: 715: 679: 233: 1820:"The Calendrical Framework of the Priestly Flood Story in Light of a New Akkadian Text from Ugarit (RS 94.2953)" 285:

Introduction: humanity's wickedness, God regrets creating, announces decision to destroy; Noah's righteousness.

8487: 7699: 7226: 7221: 7027: 6758: 6308: 5961: 5826: 5768: 5340: 5203: 5119: 4869: 2352:

10Be dating of late Pleistocene megafloods and Cordilleran Ice Sheet retreat in the northwestern United States.

7992: 5208: 4974: 546:) at the top of the construction he was building, and how he implemented this directive and released a bird. 8309: 7965: 7913: 7616: 7407: 7314: 7201: 6836: 6187: 5763: 3459: 2956: 2222: 1175: 1048:

By the 17th century, believers in the Genesis account faced the issue of reconciling the exploration of the

1007: 886: 108: 20: 3756: 3301:(3rd ed.). Chichester, New York, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 83–84. 8474: 8342: 7987: 7796: 7791: 7611: 7454: 7326: 7059: 6489: 6440: 6383: 6328: 6182: 5493: 5420: 5070: 4947: 4853: 4813: 4527: 3281:"Nearly 50 years had passed since Bretz first proposed the idea of catastrophic flooding, and now in 1971 2369:

https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/biblical-type-floods-are-real-and-theyre-absolutely-enormous

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The Book of Genesis was probably composed around the 5th century BCE, although some scholars believe that

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Sedimentary effects of cataclysmic late Pleistocene glacial outburst flooding, Altay Mountains, Siberia

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Sedimentary effects of cataclysmic late Pleistocene glacial outburst flooding, Altay Mountains, Siberia

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The Book of Kings and the Explanations of This World: A Universal History from the Late Sasanian Empire

654:). Jesus and the apostles additionally taught on the Genesis flood narrative in New Testament writing ( 535: 8564: 8441: 8314: 8254: 8107: 8041: 7884: 7872: 7716: 7525: 7284: 7279: 7181: 7141: 7022: 6945: 6831: 6824: 6378: 5758: 5603: 5183: 4896: 4781: 4741: 4338: 3010: 2980: 2946: 2788: 2739: 2523: 1060:. The obvious answer involved mankind spreading over the continents following the destruction of the 1053: 1015: 985: 911: 837:

in the southeastern areas of the state of Washington have been demonstrated to have been formed by a

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The Priestly flood narrative is the only Priestly text that covers dates with much detail before the

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argues that an ideological connection by evangelical Christians wanting to challenge aspects of the

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Noah builds altar, sacrifices clean animals, God smells sweet aroma, promises not to destroy again.

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with the older scenario whereby all life had sprung from a single point of origin on the slopes of

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Flood geology was largely ignored in the 19th century, but was revived in the 20th century by the

8200: 7857: 7657: 7642: 7437: 7392: 7387: 7236: 6398: 5499: 5193: 5016: 4837: 4765: 4682: 4647: 3477: 2922: 2755: 2383: 2250: 2149:(2009). "The Reality of the Rulers (The Hypostasis of the Archons) and The Secret Book of John". 1847: 1427: 1170: 1084: 1040:

formation of the Earth's features by means of mostly slow-acting forces seen in operation today.

818: 736: 732: 651: 641: 242: 171: 124: 5736: 1851: 1819: 3523: 3192: 3099: 421:

Month 2, day 27, dry land appears, Noah and family and animals exit, animals begin to multiply

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7 pairs of clean animals, 1 pair unclean; 7 days to gather animals; Noah does as God commands.

8120: 7781: 7729: 7711: 7652: 7274: 7211: 7206: 7136: 7032: 6992: 6987: 6970: 6940: 6776: 6606: 6550: 6544: 6393: 6370: 6192: 6080: 5742: 5549: 5527: 5293: 5127: 5044: 4601: 4505: 4482: 4459: 4427: 4406: 4385: 4364: 4322: 4301: 4280: 4257: 4227: 4221: 4206: 4185: 4164: 4139: 4114: 4095: 4074: 4068: 4053: 4012: 3991: 3972: 3962: 3941: 3935: 3920: 3899: 3878: 3806: 3785: 3762: 3742: 3723: 3702: 3679: 3658: 3634: 3613: 3593: 3571: 3550: 3529: 3508: 3487: 3463: 3435: 3429: 3414: 3393: 3372: 3351: 3302: 3251: 3233: 3223: 3196: 3103: 3070: 3045: 3018: 2990: 2960: 2926: 2774: 2676: 2666: 2551: 2334: 2310: 2236: 2160: 2099: 2089: 2066: 2056: 1839: 1798: 1630: 1410: 1185: 1100: 1020: 856: 844:

Another geologic feature believed to have been formed by massive catastrophic flooding is the

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Inconsistency in the Torah: Ancient Literary Convention and the Limits of Source Criticism

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appears and scares away the Archons, revealing to Norea that she is a divine child of the

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Flood lasts 150 days; God remembers Noah, fountains and floodgates closed, waters recede;

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The Genesis flood narrative is included in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible (see

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Year 600, month 2, day 17: firmament breaks, waters fall from above and rise from below.

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The Primeval Flood Catastrophe: Origins and Early Development in Mesopotamian Traditions

2743: 2527: 2187:"Book Two, 1st Glorification: Upon Each Faithful Mandaean, I Will Place My Right Hand". 2026: 485:. The name of the hero, according to the version concerned, was Ziusudra, Atrahasis, or 182: 8352: 8148: 8094: 8082: 7867: 7837: 7596: 7535: 7471: 7464: 7269: 7264: 6975: 6928: 6846: 6791: 6519: 6425: 6388: 6235: 6097: 5931: 5456: 5315: 5288: 4931: 4773: 4714: 4642: 3185: 3162: 3092: 2546: 2511: 1436: 1190: 1134: 1080: 1061: 1011: 999: 879: 822: 95:

A global flood as described in this myth is inconsistent with the physical findings of

92:, and although many of its details are contradictory, the story forms a unified whole. 3139: 8548: 8496: 8337: 8207: 8181: 8141: 8134: 8127: 7786: 7721: 7601: 6923: 6918: 6891: 6819: 6716: 6250: 6172: 6085: 5921: 5901: 5864: 5521: 5437: 5414: 5249: 5218: 5178: 4829: 4805: 4550: 3861: 3821: 3449: 2800: 2759: 2271: 1835: 1487: 1467: 1401: 1195: 1065: 1036: 1028: 980: 976: 937: 933: 907: 542:

appeared to the story's protagonist and commanded him to use tools to make a window (

163: 116: 74: 2841: 2730:(2001). "The age of the Earth in the twentieth century: a problem (mostly) solved". 407:

After 7 days Noah opens window, sends out raven, dove, dove, 7 days between flights

8242: 7932: 7926: 7832: 7827: 7766: 7647: 7002: 6876: 6851: 6803: 6796: 6721: 6636: 6272: 6207: 6065: 6003: 5926: 5884: 5635: 5444: 5394: 5271: 5009: 4627: 4135:

The Biblical Flood: A Case Study of the Church's Response to Extrabiblical Evidence

3585: 3250:

Allen, E. A., et al., 1986, Cataclysms on the Columbia, Timber Press, Portland, OR.

2142: 1972: 1162: 1120: 1092: 1057: 915: 197: 104: 8167: 3958:

Creation and the persistence of evil : the Jewish drama of divine omnipotence

3841: 2751: 1027:

Most scientific fields, particularly those contradicted by flood geology, rely on

500: 4453: 4421: 4379: 4357: 4352: 4337: 4316: 4200: 4133: 3956: 3914: 3565: 3481: 3260:"Bretz knew that the very idea of catastrophic flooding would threaten and anger 2620: 2536: 2150: 2117: 936:, but by 1830 Sedgwick considered that the evidence suggested only local floods. 8519: 8481: 8064: 8003: 7822: 7776: 7761: 7689: 7417: 6896: 6701: 6596: 6403: 6139: 6070: 5976: 5894: 5879: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5566: 5432: 5401: 5135: 4705: 4637: 3648: 2206: 2189: 1371: 1069: 875: 867: 860: 833:

Localized catastrophic floodings have left traces in the geological record: the

683: 671: 486: 459: 112: 1064:

and taking animals along, yet some of the results seemed peculiar. In 1646 Sir

885:

In 2020, archaeologists discovered evidence of a tsunami that destroyed middle

805: 8016: 7847: 7706: 7694: 7606: 7104: 6856: 6524: 6499: 6478: 6420: 6282: 6255: 5971: 5851: 5653: 5623: 5278: 5173: 3067:

The Bible, rocks, and time : geological evidence for the age of the earth

1110: 941: 784: 756: 711: 478: 453: 100: 62: 4149: 4027: 3976: 3434:. Volume II: Biblical Studies. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 380. 2701: 2103: 1843: 550:'s translation of this text made him propose that this fragment belongs to a 212:

It is generally agreed that the history draws on two sources, one called the

8026: 7939: 6955: 6913: 6886: 6696: 6641: 6625: 6483: 6323: 6277: 6202: 6177: 6154: 6144: 5998: 5941: 5916: 5213: 3237: 2070: 1142: 1049: 956: 747: 591: 559: 555: 3483:

Creation, Un-creation, Re-creation: A discursive commentary on Genesis 1-11

2555: 2447:

Paleohydrology of late Pleistocene Superflooding, Altay Mountains, Siberia,

959:, but on the derivation of a more precise figure for the age of the Earth. 800: 678:). Some Christian biblical scholars suggest that the flood is a picture of 2232: 763:. Noah and his family are saved because they were able to build an ark or 254:

flood story in a way which neither of the proposed biblical sources does.

8174: 8161: 7894: 7047: 6676: 6671: 6621: 6539: 6494: 6415: 6303: 6298: 6267: 6024: 5981: 5946: 5911: 5859: 5671: 5659: 4070:

The Meaning of the Pentateuch: Revelation, Composition and Interpretation

3219:

The creationists : from scientific creationism to intelligent design

3217: 1994:"Flood, the – Baker's Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology Online" 1976:(Translated by Henrietta Szold) Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society. 780: 470: 228:), how many animals were to be taken aboard the ark (one pair of each in 2333:(5th ed.). Alexandria, Virginia, American Geological Institute. 779 pp. 2118:"The Typological Interpretation of the Old Testament, by G.R. Schmeling" 8459: 7906: 7402: 7294: 7054: 6786: 6691: 6661: 6646: 6616: 6601: 6586: 6581: 6534: 6504: 6227: 6034: 6029: 5966: 5906: 5869: 5704: 5699: 5647: 5641: 5629: 5476: 4606: 4202:

The Lost World of the Flood: Mythology, Theology, and the Deluge Debate

4160:

The Bible, Rocks and Time: Geological Evidence for the Age of the Earth

890: 788: 752: 728: 699: 624: 590:

The flood is a reversal and renewal of God's creation of the world. In

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Reading the Old Testament : an introduction to the Hebrew Bible

1635:

The biblical flood story in the light of the Gilgameš flood account

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When the flood commenced, God caused each raindrop to pass through

357:

Noah and family and animals enter Ark on same day as flood begins.

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Some also relate the climate change phenomena associated with the

849: 723: 499: 467: 232:, one pair of the unclean animals and seven pairs of the clean in 181: 167: 139: 138: 27: 2329:

Neuendorf, K.K.E., J.P. Mehl, Jr., and J.A. Jackson, eds. (2005)

419:

Year 601, month 1, day 1: Noah opens cover; ground begins to dry;

6468: 6457: 6127: 6112: 6092: 5993: 5874: 4596: 4591: 2571:"Massive Tsunami Hit the Neolithic Middle East 9,000+ Years Ago" 2088:. Nelson's concise series. : Nelson Reference & Electronic. 1035:, which for much of their history was seen to contrast with the 1006:, though those who were not Seventh-day Adventists rejected his 539: 237: 159: 155: 8412: 7571: 7504: 7373: 6756: 6358: 5837: 5799: 5336: 4523: 65:. It tells of God's decision to return the universe to its pre- 6102: 3592:, New Haven & London: Yale University Press, p. 276, 2836:

Senter, Phil. "The Defeat of Flood Geology by Flood Geology."

2384:

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/12/041220010147.htm

3895:

Genesis 1-11: Its Literary Coherence and Theological Message

3431:

Bible and Interpretation: The Collected Essays of James Barr

3278:

and attempt to defeat Bretz's 'outrageous hypothesis.'" p 49

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contribute to the flood myths found in numerous cultures.

874:

from the Altai Mountains caused massive flooding along the

3987:

The Rocks Don't Lie: A Geologist Investigates Noah's Flood

3283:

his arguments had become a standard of geological thinking

1432:

The Rocks Don't Lie: A Geologist Investigates Noah's Flood

1404:

The Rocks Don't Lie: A Geologist Investigates Noah's Flood

1376:

the rocks don't lie; a geologist investigates Noah's flood

1349:

The Rocks Don't Lie: A Geologist Investigates Noah's Flood

830:

may elaborate on the historicity of the flood narrative.

209:) may have been composed as late as the 3rd century BCE. 4028:"The Geologic Column and its Implications for the Flood" 3163:"Radiocarbon Dating and American Evangelical Christians" 1939: 1937: 1516: 1514: 1512: 799:

The story of Noah and the Great Flood is related in the

3590:

The Secular Ark: Studies in the History of Biogeography

3567:

An Ark on the Nile: The Beginning of the Book of Exodus

1374:(20 January 2013). "Genesis meets geology. A review of 940:

subsequently explained such deposits as the results of

4157:

Young, Davis A.; Stearley, Ralph F. (18 August 2008).

3874:

The Old Testament: Its Background, Growth, and Content

2852: 2850: 2227:. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. p. 215. 1326: 1324: 1281: 1279: 1266: 1264: 3778:"Non-Arguments Concerning the Documentary Hypothesis" 2086:

Matthew henry's concise commentary on the whole bible

1311: 1309: 4477:. In James D. G. Dunn, John William Rogerson (ed.). 4130:"Diluvial Cosmogonies and the Beginnings of Geology" 2838:

Reports of the National Center for Science Education

1578:"How Should we Interpret the Genesis Flood Account?" 1068:

wondered why the natives of North America had taken

399:

Month 7 day 17, Ark grounds on mountains of Ararat.

8328: 8270: 8073: 8057: 7805: 7675: 7630: 7589: 7582: 7307: 7113: 7080: 7073: 7011: 6812: 6769: 6456: 6369: 6291: 6226: 6163: 6048: 6017: 5850: 5777: 5751: 5713: 5687: 5602: 5559: 5466: 5378: 5302: 5237: 5166: 5087: 5054: 5001: 4958: 4907: 4880: 4725: 4667: 4660: 4620: 4584: 4564: 4557: 3697:. In Burnette-Bletsch, Rhonda; Morgan, Jon (eds.). 2594:"Charles Darwin as a prospective geological author" 1533: 1531: 1529: 739:; instead of an ark, Noah hides in a bright cloud. 458:Scholars believe that the flood myth originated in 4356: 3654:Noah's Flood: The Genesis Story in Western Thought 3184: 3091: 2952:Evangelicals and Science in Historical Perspective 2732:Special Publications, Geological Society of London 2053:Wiersbe's expository outlines on the Old Testament 1075:Browne, among the first to question the notion of 127:instead of a global event. Still others prefer to 1564: 19:"The Deluge" redirects here. For other uses, see 4402:The Liberating Image: The Imago Dei in Genesis 1 4315:Kessler, Martin; Deurloo, Karel Adriaan (2004). 2840:31:3 (May–June 2011). Printed electronically by 4355:. In Berlin, Adele; Brettler, Marc Zvi (eds.). 4318:A commentary on Genesis: the book of beginnings 1606: 4199:Walton, John H.; Longman III, Tremper (2018). 3780:. In Fox, Michael V.; Hurowitz, V. A. (eds.). 3271:. It was a heresy of the worst order." p. 44 3269:all that geological science had fought to gain 3132:Journal of the American Scientific Affiliation 566:Theology: the flood and the creation narrative 5811: 5348: 4535: 2378: 2376: 2255:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 ( 1488:"A Gentle Journey Through the Truth in Rocks" 868:cataclysmic flooding from the Altai Mountains 866:The current understanding of the prehistoric 8: 4113:. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. p. 123. 3937:Creation Myths of the World: An Encyclopedia 3065:Young, Davis A.; Stearley, Ralph F. (2008). 4223:Ea's Duplicity in the Gilgamesh Flood Story 3871:Kaltner, John; McKenzie, Steven L. (2014). 3017:. University of Chicago Press. p. 84. 1300: 984:Genesis flood narrative) can be traced to " 8409: 8353:Ancient Shipwreck Museum at Kyrenia Castle 8300:International Congress of Maritime Museums 8280:Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology 7586: 7579: 7568: 7501: 7370: 7077: 6766: 6753: 6366: 6355: 5847: 5834: 5818: 5804: 5796: 5355: 5341: 5333: 4664: 4561: 4542: 4528: 4520: 3191:. University of California Press. p. 3098:. University of California Press. p. 2816:"How Science Figured Out the Age of Earth" 2598:British Journal for the History of Science 1520: 947:In 1862, William Thomson (later to become 325:Noah enters Ark with animals after 7 days 8368:National Museum of Subaquatic Archaeology 3041:Science and Dissent in England, 1688–1945 2949:; Hart, Darryl G.; Noll, Mark A. (1999). 2643: 2545: 2535: 1778: 1766: 1754: 1730: 4344:A Practical Commentary on Holy Scripture 3802:Berossus and Genesis, Manetho and Exodus 3299:The Nature of the Stratigraphical Record 3274:"It was inevitable that sooner or later 2484:// Sedimentary Geology, 85 (1993) 53-62" 2421:// Sedimentary Geology, 85 (1993) 53-62" 1916: 1824:Journal of the American Oriental Society 1255: 1215: 264: 8338:Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology 4353:"Genesis: introduction and annotations" 2904: 2842:California State University, Northridge 1706: 1430:(December 2013). "David R. Montgomery. 1285: 1243: 1236: 1207: 504:1896 illustration of the symbol of the 73:and remake it through the microcosm of 8290:European Association of Archaeologists 3916:Climate, History, and the Modern World 3842:"Index to Creationist Claims, Geology" 3326: 3276:the geological community would rise up 2917:Piccardi, L.; Masse, W. Bruce (2007). 2880: 2445:Baker, V. R., G. Benito, A. N. Rudoy, 2248: 1955: 1943: 1900: 1888: 1876: 1864: 1718: 1694: 1682: 1646: 1618: 1330: 1270: 1101:ever-expanding number of known species 859:, which triggered the collapse of the 377:Waters rise, all creatures destroyed. 129:interpret the narrative as allegorical 7546:Pompey's campaign against the pirates 5453:and the origin of nations (10:1–11:9) 3069:. Downers Grove, Ill.: IVP Academic. 2892: 2868: 2856: 2708:from the original on 23 December 2005 2659:Biblical Chronology, Fact or Fiction? 2046: 2044: 1988: 1986: 1984: 1982: 1928: 1742: 1658: 1552: 1457:McConnachie, James (31 August 2013). 1315: 998:, who was inspired by the visions of 7: 2665:. University of London. p. 17. 2449:Science, 1993, Vol. 259, pp. 348-352 2394: 1794:A Complete Introduction to the Bible 1670: 1594: 1537: 928:interpreted geological phenomena as 694:demonstrates the Genesis flood as a 8285:Archaeological Institute of America 5310:Noah's Ark replicas and derivatives 5096:Doctor Dolittle and the Secret Lake 4790:Genesis: The Creation and the Flood 4444:A Commentary on the Book of Genesis 4011:. Society for Biblical Literature. 3612:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2826:from the original on 12 April 2016. 2780:Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2270:Weber, Christopher Gregory (1980). 2055:. Wheaton, Illinois: Victor Books. 1973:Vol I : The Inmates of the Ark 1096:spreading to repopulate the globe. 735:. A different view is found in the 4297:The book of Genesis: chapters 1–17 4279:. University of California Press. 4163:. InterVarsity Press. p. 45. 4026:Morton, Glenn (17 February 2001). 2569:Kiderra, Inga (23 December 2020). 2459:Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1998. 353 p. 2309:. Sandpoint, Idaho: Keokee Books. 2272:"The Fatal Flaws of Flood Geology" 1463:, by David R. Montgomery - review" 14: 8295:Institute of Nautical Archaeology 7685:Coastal defence and fortification 7060:Roman circumnavigation of Britain 6360:Navigation, and ports and harbors 5024:Captain Noah and His Floating Zoo 4983:The Return of the Dove to the Ark 4336:Knecht, Friedrich Justus (1910). 4181:Calendars in the Dead Sea Scrolls 3866:. University of California Press. 3389:The Composition of the Pentateuch 2305:Bjornstad, B.; Kiver, E. (2012). 1099:There was also the problem of an 8529: 8395: 8320:Society for American Archaeology 7554: 7487: 7356: 6739: 6341: 4676:Captain Noah and His Magical Ark 4111:Science and religion in dialogue 3863:The Counter-Creationism Handbook 2704:. U.S. Geological Survey. 1997. 1852:10.7817/jameroriesoci.136.3.0507 1836:10.7817/jameroriesoci.136.3.0507 1155: 1141: 1127: 1113: 863:, with the Biblical flood myth. 775:term; it is cognate with Syriac 365:Flood lasts 40 days and nights. 33:The Flood of Noah and Companions 7752:Phoenician discovery of America 4458:. Westminster John Knox Press. 4420:Rogerson, John William (1991). 3840:Isaak, Mark (5 November 2006). 3413:. Wadsworth/ Cengage Learning. 2600:. No. 24. pp. 171–174 1052:and increased awareness of the 7444:Periplus of the Erythraean Sea 5534:Jacob wrestling with the angel 4750:The Bible: In the Beginning... 4399:Middleton, J. Richard (2005). 4339:"Chapter VI. The Deluge" 3955:Levenson, Jon Douglas (1988). 3822:"Problems with a Global Flood" 3371:. Cambridge University Press. 3350:. W. W. Norton & Company. 2986:The Great Devonian Controversy 1345:Kuchment, Anna (August 2012). 1054:global distribution of species 1: 8363:Museum of Ancient Ships, Pisa 7038:Phoenician maritime expansion 4452:Towner, Wayne Sibley (2001). 4109:Stewart, Melville Y. (2010). 3984:Montgomery, David R. (2012). 3898:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. 3782:Texts, Temples and Traditions 3776:Friedman, Richard E. (1996). 3741:, Stanford University Press, 3428:Barr, James (28 March 2013). 2752:10.1144/GSL.SP.2001.190.01.14 2204:"Book Nineteen: The Deluge". 1791:Gilbert, Christopher (2009). 1565:Walton & Longman III 2018 839:series of catastrophic floods 751:killed by fire, leaving only 714:codex now referred to as the 345:Rains 40 days and 40 nights. 190: 36: 8305:Nautical Archaeology Society 4967:Scenes from the Life of Noah 4220:Worthington, Martin (2019). 4178:VanderKam, James C. (2002). 3799:Gmirkin, Russell E. (2006). 3737:Dalrymple, G. Brent (1991), 3693:Collins, Matthew A. (2017). 3672:Guillaume, Philippe (2010). 3486:. Bloomsbury T&T Clark. 2989:. Springer. pp. 42–44. 2801:10.1016/0012-821X(80)90024-2 2656:Barr, James (4 March 1987). 2537:10.1371/journal.pone.0243619 1031:'s established principle of 872:glacial lake outburst floods 718:, it is the corrupt rulers ( 216:, the other non-Priestly or 8358:Museum of Ancient Seafaring 7735:Temple of Poseidon, Sounion 7541:Kidnapping of Julius Caesar 7398:Indus–Mesopotamia relations 5726:Allegorical interpretations 5389:Genesis creation narratives 5245:Black Sea deluge hypothesis 5224:Noah in rabbinic literature 4504:. Oxford University Press. 4363:. Oxford University Press. 4294:Hamilton, Victor P (1990). 4091:Theology from the Beginning 4067:Sailhamer, John H. (2010). 3722:. Oxford University Press. 3570:. Oxford University Press. 3407:Bandstra, Barry L. (2008). 3216:Numbers, Ronald L. (2006). 3183:Numbers, Ronald L. (1993). 3090:Numbers, Ronald L. (1993). 2814:Braterman, Paul S. (2013). 2480:"Rudoy, A.N., Baker, V. R. 2417:"Rudoy, A.N., Baker, V. R. 1607:Kaltner & McKenzie 2014 1381:Evolution & Development 1378:, by David R. Montgomery". 971:4.54 billion years old 828:Black Sea deluge hypothesis 779:, which is attested in the 8591: 8214:Phoenician Ship Expedition 7055:Pytheas' voyage to Britain 7048:Circumnavigation of Africa 5483:Abraham and Lot's conflict 4758:O Trapalhão na Arca de Noé 3934:Leeming, David A. (2010). 3892:Keiser, Thomas A. (2013). 3716:Dalley, Stephanie (2008). 3501:Bridge, Steven L. (2009). 2276:Creation Evolution Journal 2235:(inactive 26 April 2024). 905: 821:event or the origins of a 635: 585:Genesis creation narrative 573:Genesis creation narrative 451: 18: 8527: 8419: 8408: 8393: 7740:Samothrace temple complex 7578: 7567: 7552: 7511: 7500: 7485: 7383: 7369: 7354: 7260: 6765: 6752: 6737: 6365: 6354: 6339: 5846: 5833: 5189:Ancient Greek flood myths 4479:Eerdmans Bible Commentary 4351:Levenson, Jon D. (2004). 4275:. In Dundes, Alan (ed.). 4271:Habel, Norman C. (1988). 4250:Cotter, David W. (2003). 3940:. Vol. 1. ABC-CLIO. 3657:. Yale University Press. 3522:Burton, Keith A. (2019). 3504:Getting the Old Testament 3392:. Yale University Press. 3138:(1): 1–15. Archived from 2023:www.creationworldview.org 1004:Christian fundamentalists 716:Hypostasis of the Archons 385:All creatures destroyed. 272:Yahwist (or non-Priestly) 7028:Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul 5769:Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 1007 5721:Framework interpretation 5204:Mesoamerican flood myths 5152:Not the End of the World 5120:Not Wanted on the Voyage 4870:The Ark and the Aardvark 4500:. In John Barton (ed.). 4441:Sacks, Robert D (1990). 4138:. Eerdmans. p. 79. 4128:Young, Davis A. (1995). 4088:Schule, Andreas (2017). 3913:Lamb, Hubert H. (1995). 3365:Arnold, Bill T. (2009). 3262:the geological community 3161:Yang, Seung-Hun (1993). 2844:. Retrieved 7 June 2014. 2592:Herbert, Sandra (1991). 2221:Häberl, Charles (2022). 2122:www.bible-researcher.com 2051:Wiersbe, Warren (1993). 1967:Ginzberg, Louis (1909). 131:rather than historical. 88:and the non-Priestly or 8310:RPM Nautical Foundation 8047:Surviving ancient ships 7966:Marsala Punic shipwreck 5764:Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 656 5427:Genesis flood narrative 5322:Noah's Ark silver coins 5261:In Search of Noah's Ark 5255:Searches for Noah's Ark 4612:Wives aboard Noah's Ark 4572:Genesis flood narrative 4502:Oxford Bible Commentary 4473:Wenham, Gordon (2003). 4378:McKeown, James (2008). 3755:Finkel, Irving (2014). 3633:. National Geographic. 3627:Cline, Eric H. (2007). 3543:Carr, David M. (2021). 3460:Oxford University Press 3386:Baden, Joel S. (2012). 3347:The Five Books of Moses 3297:Ager, Derek V. (1993). 2957:Oxford University Press 2793:1980E&PSL..47..370M 2084:Matthew, Henry (2000). 1970:The Legends of the Jews 1176:Chronology of the Bible 889:coastal settlements in 887:Pre-Pottery Neolithic B 783:New Testament, such as 552:Mesopotamian flood myth 508:, which God created as 109:distribution of species 55:Genesis flood narrative 21:Deluge (disambiguation) 8343:Giza Solar boat museum 7797:Underwater exploration 7792:Underwater archaeology 7757:Pre-Columbian theories 7612:John Sinclair Morrison 7573:Research and education 7023:Austronesian Expansion 5731:Wife–sister narratives 5494:Covenant of the pieces 5421:Genealogies of Genesis 4854:Ooops! Noah Is Gone... 4814:Raining Cats and Frogs 4359:The Jewish Study Bible 4205:. InterVarsity Press. 4073:. InterVarsity Press. 4046:Oliver, Simon (2017). 3719:Myths from Mesopotamia 3695:"An Ongoing Tradition" 3564:Bodner, Keith (2016). 3344:Alter, Robert (2008). 3044:. Aldershot: Ashgate. 2883:, p. unpaginated. 2871:, p. unpaginated. 1181:Documentary hypothesis 1077:spontaneous generation 646:Biblical infallibility 512: 510:a sign of the covenant 317:Noah's age: 600 years 201: 151: 50: 48:Musée d'Arts de Nantes 8560:Comparative mythology 8414:Legend and literature 8372:Viking ship museums: 8348:Grand Egyptian Museum 8108:Austronesian replicas 8083:Heyerdahl expeditions 7993:Caligula's Giant Ship 7853:Dover Bronze Age Boat 6515:Berenice Troglodytica 5408:Serpents in the Bible 5104:The Moon in the Cloud 4916:Il diluvio universale 4496:Whybray, R.N (2001). 4005:Miano, David (2010). 3919:. London: Routledge. 3549:. Kohlhammer Verlag. 3011:Rudwick, Martin J. S. 2981:Rudwick, Martin J. S. 2619:Buckland, W. (1823). 2233:10.3828/9781800856271 1818:Darshan, Guy (2016). 996:George McCready Price 993:Seventh-day Adventist 986:Scriptural geologists 503: 464:Old Babylonian Period 448:Comparative mythology 185: 142: 57:(chapters 6–9 of the 31: 8315:Sea Research Society 7717:Maritime archaeology 7526:Ameinias the Phocian 7521:Mediterranean piracy 5759:Papyrus Berlin 17213 5199:Great Flood of China 5184:Gilgamesh flood myth 4782:Stowaways on the Ark 4256:. Liturgical Press. 3961:. Harper & Row. 3860:Isaak, Mark (2007). 3739:The Age of the Earth 3606:Chen, Y. S. (2013). 2581:on 15 December 2023. 2490:on 15 September 2011 2427:on 15 September 2011 1958:, p. 133 fn.29. 1044:Species distribution 1016:scientific consensus 912:Scriptural geologist 878:(in the present-day 7408:Maritime Jade Route 6561:Kaveri Poompattinam 5544:coat of many colors 5451:Generations of Noah 5423:(5:1–6:8, 11:10–26) 5284:Mosque of Ibn Tulun 5267:Mountains of Ararat 5071:Super 3D Noah's Ark 4889:The Flowering Peach 4633:Generations of Noah 4032:TalkOrigins Archive 4008:Shadow on the Steps 3846:TalkOrigins Archive 3826:TalkOrigins Archive 3758:The Ark Before Noah 3478:Blenkinsopp, Joseph 3038:Wood, Paul (2004). 2820:Scientific American 2744:2001GSLSP.190..205D 2728:Dalrymple, G. Brent 2528:2020PLoSO..1543619S 2358:45(7), pp. 583-586. 2331:Glossary of Geology 1621:, pp. 236–268. 1584:. 20 November 2023. 1567:, pp. 145–146. 1555:, pp. 237–238. 1484:Prothero, Donald R. 1461:The Rocks Don't Lie 1356:Scientific American 1149:Christianity portal 922:biblical chronology 835:Channeled Scablands 737:Secret Book of John 710:In the 3rd century 680:salvation in Christ 638:Biblical literalism 224:, 150 according to 16:Biblical flood myth 8570:Mesopotamian myths 7956:Bajo de la Campana 7658:Peter Throckmorton 7643:Jean-Yves Empereur 7617:William L. Rodgers 7438:Maritime Silk Road 5785:Textual variations 5500:Sodom and Gomorrah 5391:(1:1–2:3, 2:4–25) 5194:Finnish flood myth 5031:The Prophet's Song 4838:40 Days and Nights 4766:La Biblia en pasta 4648:Seven Laws of Noah 3877:. Wipf and Stock. 3630:From Eden to Exile 3015:Worlds before Adam 2947:Livingstone, David 2923:Geological Society 2775:Allègre, Claude J. 2702:"Age of the Earth" 2575:UC San Diego Today 1721:, p. 1978-79. 1486:(2 January 2013). 1171:Biblical cosmology 1089:natural historical 1085:Athanasius Kircher 930:Reliquiæ Diluvianæ 819:genetic bottleneck 652:Books of the Bible 642:Biblical inerrancy 548:Antoine Cavigneaux 513: 202: 172:covenant with Noah 152: 51: 8542: 8541: 8538: 8537: 8404: 8403: 8391: 8390: 8011:Madrague de Giens 7730:Temple of Isthmia 7726:Maritime temples 7712:Marine navigation 7671: 7670: 7663:Shelley Wachsmann 7653:J. Richard Steffy 7563: 7562: 7496: 7495: 7365: 7364: 7352: 7351: 7303: 7302: 7033:Ocean exploration 6748: 6747: 6735: 6734: 6394:Rutter (nautical) 6350: 6349: 6337: 6336: 6193:Mortise and tenon 5827:Ancient seafaring 5793: 5792: 5743:Pesher on Genesis 5550:Blessing of Jacob 5330: 5329: 5162: 5161: 5045:Forever Not Yours 4742:Father Noah's Ark 4656: 4655: 4426:. T&T Clark. 4321:. Paulist Press. 4273:"Two Flood Myths" 4212:978-0-8308-8782-8 4170:978-0-8308-2876-0 4152:on 31 March 2007. 4145:978-0-8028-0719-9 4120:978-1-4051-8921-7 3884:978-1-62564-264-6 3820:Isaak, M (1998). 3812:978-0-567-13439-4 3729:978-0-19-102721-5 3675:Land and Calendar 3577:978-0-19-878407-4 3556:978-0-567-13439-4 3469:978-0-19-065882-3 3450:Berman, Joshua A. 3441:978-0-19-969289-7 3256:978-0-88192-067-3 3202:978-0-520-08393-6 3124:Kulp, J. Laurence 3109:978-0-520-08393-6 3076:978-0-8308-2876-0 3051:978-0-7546-3718-9 3024:978-0-226-73128-5 2996:978-0-226-73102-5 2966:978-0-19-511557-4 2932:978-1-86239-216-8 2773:Manhesa, Gérard; 2242:978-1-80085-627-1 2152:The Gnostic Bible 1998:Bible Study Tools 1797:. Paulist Press. 1631:Gary A. Rendsburg 1411:Publishers Weekly 1394:10.1111/ede.12017 1186:Mosaic authorship 1033:uniformitarianism 1021:The Genesis Flood 951:) calculated the 857:Piora Oscillation 597:Epic of Gilgamesh 571:forgiveness. The 483:Epic of Gilgamesh 475:Akkadian language 445: 444: 107:, and the global 8582: 8575:Noach (parashah) 8555:Primeval history 8533: 8532: 8427:Ark of bulrushes 8410: 8399: 8398: 8037:Oldest surviving 7747:Nusantao network 7622:Chester G. Starr 7587: 7580: 7569: 7558: 7557: 7531:Cilician pirates 7502: 7491: 7490: 7428:Sa Huynh-Kalanay 7423:Iron Age Britain 7371: 7360: 7359: 7078: 6767: 6754: 6743: 6742: 6657:Ptolemais Theron 6367: 6356: 6345: 6344: 5937:Single-outrigger 5848: 5835: 5820: 5813: 5806: 5797: 5572:In the beginning 5512:Binding of Isaac 5488:Battle of Siddim 5380:Primeval history 5357: 5350: 5343: 5334: 4991:After the Deluge 4665: 4562: 4544: 4537: 4530: 4521: 4515: 4492: 4469: 4448: 4437: 4416: 4405:. Brazos Press. 4395: 4374: 4362: 4347: 4341: 4332: 4311: 4290: 4267: 4237: 4216: 4195: 4174: 4153: 4148:. Archived from 4124: 4105: 4094:. Mohr Siebeck. 4084: 4063: 4042: 4040: 4038: 4022: 4001: 3980: 3951: 3930: 3909: 3888: 3867: 3856: 3854: 3852: 3836: 3834: 3832: 3816: 3795: 3772: 3751: 3733: 3712: 3699:Noah as Antihero 3689: 3668: 3644: 3623: 3602: 3581: 3560: 3539: 3525:Symbolic numbers 3518: 3497: 3473: 3445: 3424: 3403: 3382: 3361: 3330: 3324: 3318: 3312: 3294: 3288: 3248: 3242: 3241: 3213: 3207: 3206: 3190: 3187:The Creationists 3180: 3174: 3173: 3171: 3169: 3158: 3152: 3151: 3149: 3147: 3128:"Deluge Geology" 3120: 3114: 3113: 3097: 3094:The Creationists 3087: 3081: 3080: 3062: 3056: 3055: 3035: 3029: 3028: 3007: 3001: 3000: 2977: 2971: 2970: 2943: 2937: 2936: 2919:Myth and Geology 2914: 2908: 2902: 2896: 2890: 2884: 2878: 2872: 2866: 2860: 2854: 2845: 2834: 2828: 2827: 2811: 2805: 2804: 2770: 2764: 2763: 2724: 2718: 2717: 2715: 2713: 2698: 2692: 2691: 2689: 2687: 2681: 2675:. Archived from 2664: 2653: 2647: 2646:, pp. 14–17 2641: 2635: 2634: 2632: 2630: 2616: 2610: 2609: 2607: 2605: 2589: 2583: 2582: 2577:. Archived from 2566: 2560: 2559: 2549: 2539: 2522:(12): e0243619. 2506: 2500: 2499: 2497: 2495: 2486:. Archived from 2476: 2470: 2466: 2460: 2456: 2450: 2443: 2437: 2436: 2434: 2432: 2423:. Archived from 2413: 2407: 2404: 2398: 2392: 2386: 2380: 2371: 2365: 2359: 2347: 2341: 2327: 2321: 2320: 2302: 2296: 2290: 2284: 2283: 2267: 2261: 2260: 2254: 2246: 2218: 2212: 2211: 2201: 2195: 2194: 2184: 2178: 2177: 2175: 2173: 2147:Willis Barnstone 2139: 2133: 2132: 2130: 2128: 2114: 2108: 2107: 2081: 2075: 2074: 2048: 2039: 2038: 2036: 2034: 2025:. Archived from 2015: 2009: 2008: 2006: 2004: 1990: 1977: 1965: 1959: 1953: 1947: 1941: 1932: 1926: 1920: 1919:, p. 10–11. 1914: 1908: 1898: 1892: 1886: 1880: 1874: 1868: 1862: 1856: 1855: 1815: 1809: 1808: 1788: 1782: 1776: 1770: 1769:, p. 73–74. 1764: 1758: 1757:, p. 73-74. 1752: 1746: 1740: 1734: 1728: 1722: 1716: 1710: 1709:, p. 10–11. 1704: 1698: 1692: 1686: 1680: 1674: 1668: 1662: 1656: 1650: 1644: 1638: 1628: 1622: 1616: 1610: 1604: 1598: 1597:, p. 11–12. 1592: 1586: 1585: 1574: 1568: 1562: 1556: 1550: 1541: 1535: 1524: 1518: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1500: 1479: 1477: 1475: 1453: 1428:Bork, Kennard B. 1423: 1421: 1419: 1397: 1367: 1365: 1363: 1340: 1334: 1328: 1319: 1313: 1304: 1301:Worthington 2019 1298: 1289: 1283: 1274: 1268: 1259: 1253: 1247: 1241: 1219: 1212: 1165: 1160: 1159: 1158: 1151: 1146: 1145: 1137: 1132: 1131: 1130: 1123: 1118: 1117: 1116: 1083:(1547–1606) and 953:age of the Earth 926:William Buckland 870:is that several 656:Matthew 24:37–39 607:Later traditions 601:Solomon's Temple 558:or Tablet IX of 536:Exodus narrative 496:Flood chronology 471:Epic of Ziusudra 265: 207:primeval history 195: 194: 1896–1902 192: 187:Building the Ark 121:pseudoscientific 82:primeval history 41: 38: 8590: 8589: 8585: 8584: 8583: 8581: 8580: 8579: 8545: 8544: 8543: 8534: 8530: 8525: 8415: 8400: 8396: 8387: 8330: 8324: 8272: 8271:Institutes and 8266: 8221:Viking replicas 8162:Balangay Voyage 8075: 8069: 8053: 7808: 7801: 7677: 7667: 7626: 7574: 7559: 7555: 7550: 7507: 7492: 7488: 7483: 7379: 7361: 7357: 7348: 7299: 7256: 7109: 7069: 7014: 7007: 6808: 6761: 6744: 6740: 6731: 6607:Mueang Phra Rot 6461: 6452: 6361: 6346: 6342: 6333: 6287: 6261:Triangular sail 6222: 6159: 6133:Sail components 6044: 6013: 5987:Tessarakonteres 5842: 5829: 5824: 5794: 5789: 5773: 5747: 5737:Arcana Cœlestia 5709: 5683: 5598: 5555: 5468:Patriarchal age 5462: 5374: 5373: 5368:Book of Genesis 5361: 5331: 5326: 5298: 5233: 5158: 5083: 5050: 4997: 4954: 4903: 4876: 4721: 4652: 4616: 4580: 4576:Book of Genesis 4553: 4548: 4518: 4512: 4495: 4489: 4472: 4466: 4451: 4447:. Edwin Mellen. 4440: 4434: 4419: 4413: 4398: 4392: 4377: 4371: 4350: 4335: 4329: 4314: 4308: 4293: 4287: 4270: 4264: 4249: 4245: 4243:Further reading 4240: 4234: 4219: 4213: 4198: 4192: 4177: 4171: 4156: 4146: 4127: 4121: 4108: 4102: 4087: 4081: 4066: 4060: 4045: 4036: 4034: 4025: 4019: 4004: 3998: 3983: 3969: 3954: 3948: 3933: 3927: 3912: 3906: 3891: 3885: 3870: 3859: 3850: 3848: 3839: 3830: 3828: 3819: 3813: 3798: 3792: 3784:. Eisenbrauns. 3775: 3769: 3761:. Hachette UK. 3754: 3749: 3736: 3730: 3715: 3709: 3692: 3686: 3671: 3665: 3647: 3641: 3626: 3620: 3605: 3600: 3584: 3578: 3563: 3557: 3542: 3536: 3521: 3515: 3500: 3494: 3476: 3470: 3448: 3442: 3427: 3421: 3406: 3400: 3385: 3379: 3364: 3358: 3343: 3339: 3334: 3333: 3325: 3321: 3309: 3296: 3295: 3291: 3249: 3245: 3230: 3215: 3214: 3210: 3203: 3182: 3181: 3177: 3167: 3165: 3160: 3159: 3155: 3145: 3143: 3122: 3121: 3117: 3110: 3089: 3088: 3084: 3077: 3064: 3063: 3059: 3052: 3037: 3036: 3032: 3025: 3009: 3008: 3004: 2997: 2979: 2978: 2974: 2967: 2945: 2944: 2940: 2933: 2916: 2915: 2911: 2903: 2899: 2891: 2887: 2879: 2875: 2867: 2863: 2855: 2848: 2835: 2831: 2813: 2812: 2808: 2772: 2771: 2767: 2726: 2725: 2721: 2711: 2709: 2700: 2699: 2695: 2685: 2683: 2682:on 28 June 2010 2679: 2673: 2662: 2655: 2654: 2650: 2642: 2638: 2628: 2626: 2618: 2617: 2613: 2603: 2601: 2591: 2590: 2586: 2568: 2567: 2563: 2508: 2507: 2503: 2493: 2491: 2478: 2477: 2473: 2467: 2463: 2457: 2453: 2444: 2440: 2430: 2428: 2415: 2414: 2410: 2405: 2401: 2393: 2389: 2381: 2374: 2366: 2362: 2348: 2344: 2328: 2324: 2317: 2304: 2303: 2299: 2291: 2287: 2269: 2268: 2264: 2247: 2243: 2220: 2219: 2215: 2203: 2202: 2198: 2186: 2185: 2181: 2171: 2169: 2167: 2141: 2140: 2136: 2126: 2124: 2116: 2115: 2111: 2096: 2083: 2082: 2078: 2063: 2050: 2049: 2042: 2032: 2030: 2029:on 20 July 2007 2017: 2016: 2012: 2002: 2000: 1992: 1991: 1980: 1966: 1962: 1954: 1950: 1942: 1935: 1927: 1923: 1915: 1911: 1899: 1895: 1887: 1883: 1875: 1871: 1863: 1859: 1817: 1816: 1812: 1805: 1790: 1789: 1785: 1777: 1773: 1765: 1761: 1753: 1749: 1741: 1737: 1729: 1725: 1717: 1713: 1705: 1701: 1693: 1689: 1681: 1677: 1673:, p. 1,11. 1669: 1665: 1657: 1653: 1645: 1641: 1629: 1625: 1617: 1613: 1605: 1601: 1593: 1589: 1576: 1575: 1571: 1563: 1559: 1551: 1544: 1536: 1527: 1521:Montgomery 2012 1519: 1510: 1498: 1496: 1482: 1473: 1471: 1456: 1426: 1417: 1415: 1400: 1372:Raff, Rudolf A. 1370: 1361: 1359: 1344: 1341: 1337: 1329: 1322: 1314: 1307: 1299: 1292: 1284: 1277: 1269: 1262: 1254: 1250: 1242: 1238: 1233: 1228: 1223: 1222: 1216:Friedman (1996) 1213: 1209: 1204: 1161: 1156: 1154: 1147: 1140: 1133: 1128: 1126: 1119: 1114: 1112: 1109: 1046: 918: 906:Main articles: 904: 815: 797: 745: 708: 692:1 Peter 3:18–22 688:1 Peter 3:18–22 648: 634: 618:Jewish folklore 614: 609: 568: 498: 456: 450: 420: 398: 277: 273: 269: 260: 236:), and whether 214:Priestly source 193: 180: 137: 86:Priestly source 59:Book of Genesis 39: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8588: 8586: 8578: 8577: 8572: 8567: 8562: 8557: 8547: 8546: 8540: 8539: 8536: 8535: 8528: 8526: 8524: 8523: 8516: 8515: 8514: 8507: 8500: 8493: 8485: 8478: 8471: 8463: 8453: 8452: 8451: 8450: 8449: 8444: 8439: 8429: 8420: 8417: 8416: 8413: 8406: 8405: 8402: 8401: 8394: 8392: 8389: 8388: 8386: 8385: 8384: 8383: 8378: 8370: 8365: 8360: 8355: 8350: 8345: 8340: 8334: 8332: 8326: 8325: 8323: 8322: 8317: 8312: 8307: 8302: 8297: 8292: 8287: 8282: 8276: 8274: 8268: 8267: 8265: 8264: 8263: 8262: 8257: 8252: 8247: 8240: 8232: 8231: 8230: 8218: 8217: 8216: 8211: 8204: 8196:Mediterranean 8194: 8193: 8192: 8185: 8178: 8171: 8164: 8159: 8152: 8149:Alingano Maisu 8145: 8138: 8131: 8124: 8117: 8105: 8104: 8103: 8092: 8079: 8077: 8071: 8070: 8068: 8067: 8061: 8059: 8055: 8054: 8052: 8051: 8050: 8049: 8044: 8039: 8031: 8030: 8029: 8024: 8019: 8014: 8007: 8000: 7998:De Meern ships 7995: 7990: 7985: 7980: 7970: 7969: 7968: 7960: 7959: 7958: 7953: 7945: 7944: 7943: 7936: 7929: 7924: 7916: 7911: 7910: 7909: 7899: 7898: 7897: 7892: 7882: 7881: 7880: 7875: 7870: 7868:Cape Gelidonya 7865: 7860: 7855: 7850: 7845: 7840: 7835: 7830: 7825: 7813: 7811: 7803: 7802: 7800: 7799: 7794: 7789: 7784: 7779: 7774: 7769: 7764: 7759: 7754: 7749: 7744: 7743: 7742: 7737: 7732: 7724: 7719: 7714: 7709: 7704: 7703: 7702: 7692: 7687: 7681: 7679: 7673: 7672: 7669: 7668: 7666: 7665: 7660: 7655: 7650: 7645: 7640: 7634: 7632: 7631:Archaeologists 7628: 7627: 7625: 7624: 7619: 7614: 7609: 7604: 7599: 7597:David Blackman 7593: 7591: 7584: 7576: 7575: 7572: 7565: 7564: 7561: 7560: 7553: 7551: 7549: 7548: 7543: 7538: 7536:Jewish pirates 7533: 7528: 7523: 7518: 7512: 7509: 7508: 7505: 7498: 7497: 7494: 7493: 7486: 7484: 7482: 7481: 7480: 7479: 7469: 7468: 7467: 7457: 7452: 7447: 7440: 7435: 7430: 7425: 7420: 7415: 7410: 7405: 7400: 7395: 7390: 7384: 7381: 7380: 7374: 7367: 7366: 7363: 7362: 7355: 7353: 7350: 7349: 7347: 7346: 7345: 7344: 7334: 7329: 7324: 7323: 7322: 7311: 7309: 7305: 7304: 7301: 7300: 7298: 7297: 7292: 7287: 7282: 7277: 7272: 7267: 7261: 7258: 7257: 7255: 7254: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7234: 7229: 7224: 7222:Lake Trasimene 7219: 7214: 7209: 7204: 7199: 7194: 7189: 7184: 7179: 7174: 7169: 7164: 7159: 7154: 7149: 7144: 7139: 7134: 7129: 7123:Mediterranean: 7119: 7117: 7111: 7110: 7108: 7107: 7102: 7097: 7092: 7086: 7084: 7075: 7071: 7070: 7068: 7067: 7062: 7057: 7052: 7051: 7050: 7045: 7035: 7030: 7025: 7019: 7017: 7009: 7008: 7006: 7005: 7000: 6995: 6990: 6985: 6984: 6983: 6978: 6968: 6963: 6958: 6953: 6948: 6943: 6938: 6933: 6932: 6931: 6926: 6921: 6911: 6906: 6901: 6900: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6884: 6879: 6874: 6869: 6864: 6859: 6854: 6849: 6844: 6839: 6829: 6828: 6827: 6816: 6814: 6810: 6809: 6807: 6806: 6801: 6800: 6799: 6794: 6784: 6779: 6773: 6771: 6763: 6762: 6757: 6750: 6749: 6746: 6745: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6732: 6730: 6729: 6724: 6719: 6714: 6709: 6704: 6699: 6694: 6689: 6684: 6679: 6674: 6669: 6664: 6659: 6654: 6649: 6644: 6639: 6634: 6629: 6619: 6614: 6609: 6604: 6599: 6594: 6589: 6584: 6579: 6574: 6569: 6563: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6542: 6537: 6532: 6527: 6522: 6517: 6512: 6507: 6502: 6497: 6492: 6487: 6481: 6476: 6471: 6465: 6463: 6454: 6453: 6451: 6450: 6449: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6430: 6429: 6428: 6426:Maritime pilot 6423: 6413: 6408: 6407: 6406: 6396: 6391: 6389:Portolan chart 6386: 6381: 6375: 6373: 6363: 6362: 6359: 6352: 6351: 6348: 6347: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6334: 6332: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6295: 6293: 6289: 6288: 6286: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6265: 6264: 6263: 6258: 6253: 6248: 6238: 6232: 6230: 6224: 6223: 6221: 6220: 6219: 6218: 6210: 6205: 6200: 6195: 6190: 6185: 6180: 6175: 6169: 6167: 6161: 6160: 6158: 6157: 6152: 6147: 6142: 6137: 6136: 6135: 6125: 6120: 6115: 6110: 6105: 6100: 6095: 6090: 6089: 6088: 6078: 6073: 6068: 6063: 6058: 6052: 6050: 6046: 6045: 6043: 6042: 6037: 6032: 6027: 6021: 6019: 6015: 6014: 6012: 6011: 6006: 6001: 5996: 5991: 5990: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5964: 5962:Oared warships 5959: 5951: 5950: 5949: 5944: 5939: 5929: 5924: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5899: 5898: 5897: 5887: 5882: 5877: 5872: 5867: 5862: 5856: 5854: 5844: 5843: 5838: 5831: 5830: 5825: 5823: 5822: 5815: 5808: 5800: 5791: 5790: 5788: 5787: 5781: 5779: 5775: 5774: 5772: 5771: 5766: 5761: 5755: 5753: 5749: 5748: 5746: 5745: 5740: 5733: 5728: 5723: 5717: 5715: 5711: 5710: 5708: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5691: 5689: 5685: 5684: 5682: 5681: 5675: 5669: 5663: 5657: 5651: 5645: 5639: 5633: 5627: 5621: 5615: 5608: 5606: 5604:Torah readings 5600: 5599: 5597: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5581: 5576: 5575: 5574: 5563: 5561: 5560:Notable verses 5557: 5556: 5554: 5553: 5547: 5537: 5531: 5528:Jacob's Ladder 5525: 5515: 5509: 5503: 5497: 5491: 5485: 5480: 5473: 5471: 5464: 5463: 5461: 5460: 5457:Tower of Babel 5454: 5448: 5442: 5441: 5440: 5435: 5424: 5418: 5412: 5411: 5410: 5399: 5398: 5397: 5385: 5383: 5376: 5375: 5372: 5371: 5363: 5362: 5360: 5359: 5352: 5345: 5337: 5328: 5327: 5325: 5324: 5319: 5312: 5306: 5304: 5300: 5299: 5297: 5296: 5294:Durupınar site 5291: 5289:Ararat anomaly 5286: 5281: 5276: 5275: 5274: 5264: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5241: 5239: 5235: 5234: 5232: 5231: 5226: 5221: 5216: 5211: 5206: 5201: 5196: 5191: 5186: 5181: 5176: 5170: 5168: 5167:Other cultures 5164: 5163: 5160: 5159: 5157: 5156: 5148: 5140: 5132: 5128:Noah's Brother 5124: 5116: 5108: 5100: 5091: 5089: 5085: 5084: 5082: 5081: 5075: 5067: 5058: 5056: 5052: 5051: 5049: 5048: 5041: 5034: 5027: 5020: 5013: 5005: 5003: 4999: 4998: 4996: 4995: 4987: 4979: 4978:(17th century) 4971: 4962: 4960: 4956: 4955: 4953: 4952: 4944: 4936: 4928: 4920: 4911: 4909: 4905: 4904: 4902: 4901: 4900:(1970 musical) 4893: 4884: 4882: 4878: 4877: 4875: 4874: 4866: 4858: 4850: 4842: 4834: 4826: 4818: 4810: 4802: 4794: 4786: 4778: 4770: 4762: 4754: 4746: 4738: 4729: 4727: 4723: 4722: 4720: 4719: 4711: 4702: 4694: 4686: 4680: 4671: 4669: 4662: 4658: 4657: 4654: 4653: 4651: 4650: 4645: 4640: 4635: 4630: 4624: 4622: 4618: 4617: 4615: 4614: 4609: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4588: 4586: 4582: 4581: 4579: 4578: 4568: 4566: 4559: 4555: 4554: 4549: 4547: 4546: 4539: 4532: 4524: 4517: 4516: 4510: 4493: 4487: 4470: 4464: 4449: 4438: 4432: 4417: 4411: 4396: 4390: 4375: 4369: 4348: 4333: 4327: 4312: 4306: 4291: 4285: 4277:The Flood Myth 4268: 4263:978-0814650400 4262: 4246: 4244: 4241: 4239: 4238: 4232: 4217: 4211: 4196: 4190: 4175: 4169: 4154: 4144: 4125: 4119: 4106: 4100: 4085: 4079: 4064: 4058: 4052:. Bloomsbury. 4043: 4023: 4017: 4002: 3996: 3981: 3967: 3952: 3946: 3931: 3925: 3910: 3904: 3889: 3883: 3868: 3857: 3837: 3817: 3811: 3805:. Bloomsbury. 3796: 3790: 3773: 3767: 3752: 3747: 3734: 3728: 3713: 3707: 3690: 3684: 3678:. Bloomsbury. 3669: 3664:978-0300076486 3663: 3645: 3639: 3624: 3618: 3603: 3598: 3582: 3576: 3561: 3555: 3540: 3534: 3519: 3513: 3498: 3492: 3474: 3468: 3446: 3440: 3425: 3420:978-0495391050 3419: 3404: 3399:978-0300152647 3398: 3383: 3377: 3362: 3356: 3340: 3338: 3335: 3332: 3331: 3329:, p. 276. 3319: 3317: 3316: 3307: 3289: 3287: 3286: 3279: 3272: 3265: 3243: 3228: 3208: 3201: 3175: 3153: 3142:on 7 June 2011 3115: 3108: 3082: 3075: 3057: 3050: 3030: 3023: 3002: 2995: 2972: 2965: 2938: 2931: 2925:. p. 46. 2909: 2907:, p. 123. 2897: 2895:, p. 173. 2885: 2873: 2861: 2846: 2829: 2806: 2787:(3): 370–382. 2765: 2738:(1): 205–221. 2719: 2693: 2672:978-0718708641 2671: 2648: 2644:Dalrymple 1991 2636: 2611: 2584: 2561: 2501: 2471: 2461: 2451: 2438: 2408: 2399: 2387: 2372: 2360: 2342: 2322: 2316:978-1879628397 2315: 2297: 2285: 2262: 2241: 2213: 2196: 2179: 2165: 2134: 2109: 2095:978-0785245292 2094: 2076: 2062:978-0896938472 2061: 2040: 2010: 1978: 1960: 1948: 1946:, p. 133. 1933: 1931:, p. 184. 1921: 1909: 1893: 1891:, p. 3-4. 1881: 1869: 1857: 1830:(3): 507–514. 1810: 1803: 1783: 1779:VanderKam 2002 1771: 1767:Guillaume 2010 1759: 1755:Guillaume 2010 1747: 1735: 1731:Guillaume 2010 1723: 1711: 1699: 1687: 1675: 1663: 1651: 1639: 1623: 1611: 1599: 1587: 1569: 1557: 1542: 1525: 1508: 1506: 1505: 1480: 1454: 1450:10.1086/676345 1444:(4): 828–829. 1424: 1398: 1368: 1335: 1320: 1305: 1303:, p. 147. 1290: 1275: 1260: 1248: 1246:, p. 469. 1235: 1234: 1232: 1229: 1227: 1224: 1221: 1220: 1206: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1199: 1198: 1193: 1191:Noach (parsha) 1188: 1183: 1178: 1173: 1167: 1166: 1152: 1138: 1135:Judaism portal 1124: 1108: 1105: 1081:Justus Lipsius 1062:Tower of Babel 1045: 1042: 1012:Ronald Numbers 1000:Ellen G. White 903: 900: 880:Altai Republic 823:founder effect 814: 811: 796: 793: 744: 741: 707: 704: 633: 630: 613: 610: 608: 605: 567: 564: 497: 494: 452:Main article: 449: 446: 443: 442: 439: 437: 433: 432: 430: 427: 423: 422: 417: 415: 411: 410: 408: 405: 401: 400: 395: 393: 389: 388: 386: 383: 379: 378: 375: 373: 369: 368: 366: 363: 359: 358: 355: 353: 349: 348: 346: 343: 339: 338: 335: 333: 329: 328: 326: 323: 319: 318: 315: 313: 309: 308: 306: 303: 299: 298: 295: 293: 289: 288: 286: 283: 279: 278: 274: 270: 259: 256: 179: 176: 136: 133: 111:. A branch of 67:creation state 61:) is a Hebrew 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8587: 8576: 8573: 8571: 8568: 8566: 8563: 8561: 8558: 8556: 8553: 8552: 8550: 8522: 8521: 8517: 8513: 8512: 8508: 8506: 8505: 8501: 8499: 8498: 8497:Metamorphoses 8494: 8492: 8490: 8489:The Histories 8486: 8484: 8483: 8479: 8477: 8476: 8472: 8470: 8468: 8467:The Histories 8464: 8462: 8461: 8457: 8456: 8454: 8448: 8445: 8443: 8440: 8438: 8435: 8434: 8433: 8430: 8428: 8425: 8424: 8422: 8421: 8418: 8411: 8407: 8382: 8379: 8377: 8374: 8373: 8371: 8369: 8366: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8356: 8354: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8339: 8336: 8335: 8333: 8327: 8321: 8318: 8316: 8313: 8311: 8308: 8306: 8303: 8301: 8298: 8296: 8293: 8291: 8288: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8278: 8277: 8275: 8269: 8261: 8258: 8256: 8253: 8251: 8248: 8246: 8245: 8241: 8239: 8236: 8235: 8233: 8229: 8228: 8224: 8223: 8222: 8219: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8209: 8205: 8203: 8202: 8198: 8197: 8195: 8191: 8190: 8186: 8184: 8183: 8182:Marumaru Atua 8179: 8177: 8176: 8172: 8170: 8169: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8157: 8153: 8151: 8150: 8146: 8144: 8143: 8142:Samudra Raksa 8139: 8137: 8136: 8132: 8130: 8129: 8128:Te Au o Tonga 8125: 8123: 8122: 8118: 8116: 8115: 8111: 8110: 8109: 8106: 8102: 8101: 8097: 8093: 8091: 8090: 8086: 8085: 8084: 8081: 8080: 8078: 8072: 8066: 8063: 8062: 8060: 8056: 8048: 8045: 8043: 8040: 8038: 8035: 8034: 8032: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8013: 8012: 8008: 8006: 8005: 8001: 7999: 7996: 7994: 7991: 7989: 7988:Blackfriars I 7986: 7984: 7983:Arles Rhône 3 7981: 7979: 7978: 7974: 7973: 7971: 7967: 7964: 7963: 7961: 7957: 7954: 7952: 7949: 7948: 7946: 7942: 7941: 7937: 7935: 7934: 7930: 7928: 7925: 7923: 7920: 7919: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7908: 7905: 7904: 7903: 7900: 7896: 7893: 7891: 7888: 7887: 7886: 7883: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7864: 7861: 7859: 7856: 7854: 7851: 7849: 7846: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7836: 7834: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7824: 7821: 7820: 7818: 7815: 7814: 7812: 7810: 7804: 7798: 7795: 7793: 7790: 7788: 7787:Thalassocracy 7785: 7783: 7780: 7778: 7775: 7773: 7772:Shell middens 7770: 7768: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7758: 7755: 7753: 7750: 7748: 7745: 7741: 7738: 7736: 7733: 7731: 7728: 7727: 7725: 7723: 7722:Naval warfare 7720: 7718: 7715: 7713: 7710: 7708: 7705: 7701: 7698: 7697: 7696: 7693: 7691: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7682: 7680: 7674: 7664: 7661: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7639: 7636: 7635: 7633: 7629: 7623: 7620: 7618: 7615: 7613: 7610: 7608: 7605: 7603: 7602:Lionel Casson 7600: 7598: 7595: 7594: 7592: 7588: 7585: 7581: 7577: 7570: 7566: 7547: 7544: 7542: 7539: 7537: 7534: 7532: 7529: 7527: 7524: 7522: 7519: 7517: 7514: 7513: 7510: 7503: 7499: 7478: 7475: 7474: 7473: 7470: 7466: 7463: 7462: 7461: 7458: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7448: 7446: 7445: 7441: 7439: 7436: 7434: 7433:Incense trade 7431: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7399: 7396: 7394: 7391: 7389: 7386: 7385: 7382: 7378: 7372: 7368: 7343: 7340: 7339: 7338: 7337:South America 7335: 7333: 7330: 7328: 7325: 7321: 7318: 7317: 7316: 7313: 7312: 7310: 7306: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7286: 7285:Sailing ships 7283: 7281: 7280:Oared vessels 7278: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7262: 7259: 7253: 7250: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7235: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7203: 7202:Cape Hermaeum 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7188: 7185: 7183: 7180: 7178: 7175: 7173: 7170: 7168: 7165: 7163: 7160: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7124: 7121: 7120: 7118: 7116: 7112: 7106: 7103: 7101: 7098: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7087: 7085: 7083: 7079: 7076: 7072: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7049: 7046: 7044: 7041: 7040: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7024: 7021: 7020: 7018: 7016: 7013:Migration and 7010: 7004: 7001: 6999: 6996: 6994: 6991: 6989: 6986: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6973: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6962: 6959: 6957: 6954: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6939: 6937: 6934: 6930: 6927: 6925: 6922: 6920: 6917: 6916: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6907: 6905: 6902: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6880: 6878: 6875: 6873: 6870: 6868: 6865: 6863: 6860: 6858: 6855: 6853: 6850: 6848: 6845: 6843: 6840: 6838: 6835: 6834: 6833: 6830: 6826: 6823: 6822: 6821: 6820:Ancient Egypt 6818: 6817: 6815: 6813:Civilizations 6811: 6805: 6802: 6798: 6795: 6793: 6790: 6789: 6788: 6785: 6783: 6780: 6778: 6775: 6774: 6772: 6768: 6764: 6760: 6755: 6751: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6710: 6708: 6705: 6703: 6700: 6698: 6695: 6693: 6690: 6688: 6685: 6683: 6680: 6678: 6675: 6673: 6670: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6660: 6658: 6655: 6653: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6643: 6640: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6630: 6627: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6559: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6546: 6543: 6541: 6538: 6536: 6533: 6531: 6528: 6526: 6523: 6521: 6518: 6516: 6513: 6511: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6498: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6470: 6467: 6466: 6464: 6459: 6455: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6433: 6431: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6418: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6409: 6405: 6402: 6401: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6376: 6374: 6372: 6368: 6364: 6357: 6353: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6296: 6294: 6290: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6262: 6259: 6257: 6254: 6252: 6249: 6247: 6244: 6243: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6234: 6233: 6231: 6229: 6225: 6217: 6214: 6213: 6211: 6209: 6206: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6196: 6194: 6191: 6189: 6188:Clinker built 6186: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6173:Boat building 6171: 6170: 6168: 6166: 6162: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6134: 6131: 6130: 6129: 6126: 6124: 6121: 6119: 6116: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6087: 6084: 6083: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6053: 6051: 6047: 6041: 6038: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6022: 6020: 6016: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5995: 5992: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5954: 5952: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5934: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5923: 5922:Navis lusoria 5920: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5903: 5900: 5896: 5893: 5892: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5858: 5857: 5855: 5853: 5849: 5845: 5841: 5836: 5832: 5828: 5821: 5816: 5814: 5809: 5807: 5802: 5801: 5798: 5786: 5783: 5782: 5780: 5776: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5762: 5760: 5757: 5756: 5754: 5750: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5738: 5734: 5732: 5729: 5727: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5718: 5716: 5712: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5692: 5690: 5686: 5680:(47:28–50:26) 5679: 5676: 5674:(44:18–47:27) 5673: 5670: 5667: 5664: 5661: 5658: 5655: 5652: 5649: 5646: 5643: 5640: 5637: 5634: 5631: 5628: 5625: 5622: 5619: 5616: 5613: 5610: 5609: 5607: 5605: 5601: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5573: 5570: 5569: 5568: 5565: 5564: 5562: 5558: 5551: 5548: 5545: 5541: 5538: 5535: 5532: 5529: 5526: 5523: 5519: 5516: 5513: 5510: 5507: 5504: 5501: 5498: 5495: 5492: 5489: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5478: 5475: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5465: 5458: 5455: 5452: 5449: 5446: 5443: 5439: 5436: 5434: 5431: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5422: 5419: 5416: 5415:Cain and Abel 5413: 5409: 5406: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5396: 5393: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5377: 5370: 5369: 5365: 5364: 5358: 5353: 5351: 5346: 5344: 5339: 5338: 5335: 5323: 5320: 5318: 5317: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5307: 5305: 5301: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5273: 5270: 5269: 5268: 5265: 5263: 5262: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5250:Flood geology 5248: 5246: 5243: 5242: 5240: 5236: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5219:Noah in Islam 5217: 5215: 5212: 5210: 5207: 5205: 5202: 5200: 5197: 5195: 5192: 5190: 5187: 5185: 5182: 5180: 5179:Eridu Genesis 5177: 5175: 5172: 5171: 5169: 5165: 5154: 5153: 5149: 5146: 5145: 5141: 5138: 5137: 5133: 5130: 5129: 5125: 5122: 5121: 5117: 5114: 5113: 5109: 5106: 5105: 5101: 5098: 5097: 5093: 5092: 5090: 5086: 5079: 5076: 5073: 5072: 5068: 5065: 5064: 5060: 5059: 5057: 5053: 5046: 5042: 5039: 5035: 5032: 5028: 5025: 5021: 5018: 5014: 5012: 5011: 5007: 5006: 5004: 5000: 4993: 4992: 4988: 4985: 4984: 4980: 4977: 4976: 4972: 4969: 4968: 4964: 4963: 4961: 4957: 4950: 4949: 4945: 4942: 4941: 4940:Noye's Fludde 4937: 4934: 4933: 4929: 4926: 4925: 4921: 4918: 4917: 4913: 4912: 4910: 4906: 4899: 4898: 4894: 4891: 4890: 4886: 4885: 4883: 4879: 4872: 4871: 4867: 4864: 4863: 4859: 4856: 4855: 4851: 4848: 4847: 4843: 4840: 4839: 4835: 4832: 4831: 4830:Evan Almighty 4827: 4824: 4823: 4819: 4816: 4815: 4811: 4808: 4807: 4806:Fantasia 2000 4803: 4800: 4799: 4795: 4792: 4791: 4787: 4784: 4783: 4779: 4776: 4775: 4771: 4768: 4767: 4763: 4760: 4759: 4755: 4752: 4751: 4747: 4744: 4743: 4739: 4736: 4735: 4731: 4730: 4728: 4724: 4717: 4716: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4703: 4700: 4699: 4695: 4692: 4691: 4690:Noah's Island 4687: 4684: 4681: 4678: 4677: 4673: 4672: 4670: 4666: 4663: 4659: 4649: 4646: 4644: 4641: 4639: 4636: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4625: 4623: 4619: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4589: 4587: 4583: 4577: 4573: 4570: 4569: 4567: 4563: 4560: 4556: 4552: 4545: 4540: 4538: 4533: 4531: 4526: 4525: 4522: 4513: 4511:9780198755005 4507: 4503: 4499: 4494: 4490: 4488:9780802837110 4484: 4480: 4476: 4471: 4467: 4465:9780664252564 4461: 4457: 4456: 4450: 4446: 4445: 4439: 4435: 4433:9780567083388 4429: 4425: 4424: 4418: 4414: 4412:9781441242785 4408: 4404: 4403: 4397: 4393: 4391:9780802827050 4387: 4383: 4382: 4376: 4372: 4370:9780195297515 4366: 4361: 4360: 4354: 4349: 4345: 4340: 4334: 4330: 4328:9780809142057 4324: 4320: 4319: 4313: 4309: 4307:9780802825216 4303: 4299: 4298: 4292: 4288: 4286:9780520063532 4282: 4278: 4274: 4269: 4265: 4259: 4255: 4254: 4248: 4247: 4242: 4235: 4233:9780830878888 4229: 4226:. Routledge. 4225: 4224: 4218: 4214: 4208: 4204: 4203: 4197: 4193: 4191:9781134709632 4187: 4184:. Routledge. 4183: 4182: 4176: 4172: 4166: 4162: 4161: 4155: 4151: 4147: 4141: 4137: 4136: 4131: 4126: 4122: 4116: 4112: 4107: 4103: 4101:9783161539978 4097: 4093: 4092: 4086: 4082: 4080:9780830878888 4076: 4072: 4071: 4065: 4061: 4059:9780567656117 4055: 4051: 4050: 4044: 4033: 4029: 4024: 4020: 4018:9781589834781 4014: 4010: 4009: 4003: 3999: 3997:9780393082395 3993: 3989: 3988: 3982: 3978: 3974: 3970: 3968:9780062548450 3964: 3960: 3959: 3953: 3949: 3947:9781598841749 3943: 3939: 3938: 3932: 3928: 3926:0-415-12735-1 3922: 3918: 3917: 3911: 3907: 3905:9781625640925 3901: 3897: 3896: 3890: 3886: 3880: 3876: 3875: 3869: 3865: 3864: 3858: 3847: 3843: 3838: 3827: 3823: 3818: 3814: 3808: 3804: 3803: 3797: 3793: 3791:9781575060033 3787: 3783: 3779: 3774: 3770: 3768:9781444757071 3764: 3760: 3759: 3753: 3750: 3748:0-8047-2331-1 3744: 3740: 3735: 3731: 3725: 3721: 3720: 3714: 3710: 3708:9781351720700 3704: 3701:. Routledge. 3700: 3696: 3691: 3687: 3685:9780567401205 3681: 3677: 3676: 3670: 3666: 3660: 3656: 3655: 3650: 3646: 3642: 3640:9781426212246 3636: 3632: 3631: 3625: 3621: 3619:9780199676200 3615: 3611: 3610: 3604: 3601: 3599:0-300-02460-6 3595: 3591: 3587: 3586:Browne, Janet 3583: 3579: 3573: 3569: 3568: 3562: 3558: 3552: 3548: 3547: 3541: 3537: 3535:9781467460460 3531: 3527: 3526: 3520: 3516: 3514:9781441232779 3510: 3506: 3505: 3499: 3495: 3493:9780567372871 3489: 3485: 3484: 3479: 3475: 3471: 3465: 3461: 3457: 3456: 3451: 3447: 3443: 3437: 3433: 3432: 3426: 3422: 3416: 3412: 3411: 3405: 3401: 3395: 3391: 3390: 3384: 3380: 3378:9780521000673 3374: 3370: 3369: 3363: 3359: 3357:9780393070248 3353: 3349: 3348: 3342: 3341: 3336: 3328: 3323: 3320: 3314: 3313: 3310: 3308:0-471-93808-4 3304: 3300: 3293: 3290: 3284: 3280: 3277: 3273: 3270: 3266: 3263: 3259: 3258: 3257: 3253: 3247: 3244: 3239: 3235: 3231: 3229:0-674-02339-0 3225: 3221: 3220: 3212: 3209: 3204: 3198: 3194: 3189: 3188: 3179: 3176: 3164: 3157: 3154: 3141: 3137: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3119: 3116: 3111: 3105: 3101: 3096: 3095: 3086: 3083: 3078: 3072: 3068: 3061: 3058: 3053: 3047: 3043: 3042: 3034: 3031: 3026: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3006: 3003: 2998: 2992: 2988: 2987: 2982: 2976: 2973: 2968: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2953: 2948: 2942: 2939: 2934: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2913: 2910: 2906: 2901: 2898: 2894: 2889: 2886: 2882: 2877: 2874: 2870: 2865: 2862: 2859:, p. 79. 2858: 2853: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2833: 2830: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2810: 2807: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2781: 2776: 2769: 2766: 2761: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2723: 2720: 2707: 2703: 2697: 2694: 2678: 2674: 2668: 2661: 2660: 2652: 2649: 2645: 2640: 2637: 2624: 2623: 2615: 2612: 2599: 2595: 2588: 2585: 2580: 2576: 2572: 2565: 2562: 2557: 2553: 2548: 2543: 2538: 2533: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2505: 2502: 2489: 2485: 2483: 2475: 2472: 2465: 2462: 2455: 2452: 2448: 2442: 2439: 2426: 2422: 2420: 2412: 2409: 2406:Lamb, p. 128. 2403: 2400: 2397:, p. 128 2396: 2391: 2388: 2385: 2379: 2377: 2373: 2370: 2364: 2361: 2357: 2354: 2353: 2346: 2343: 2340: 2339:0-922152-76-4 2336: 2332: 2326: 2323: 2318: 2312: 2308: 2301: 2298: 2295: 2289: 2286: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2266: 2263: 2258: 2252: 2244: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2225: 2217: 2214: 2209: 2208: 2200: 2197: 2192: 2191: 2183: 2180: 2168: 2166:9781590306314 2162: 2158: 2154: 2153: 2148: 2144: 2138: 2135: 2123: 2119: 2113: 2110: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2091: 2087: 2080: 2077: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2058: 2054: 2047: 2045: 2041: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2014: 2011: 1999: 1995: 1989: 1987: 1985: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1974: 1971: 1964: 1961: 1957: 1952: 1949: 1945: 1940: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1925: 1922: 1918: 1917:Levenson 1988 1913: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1897: 1894: 1890: 1885: 1882: 1878: 1873: 1870: 1866: 1861: 1858: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1814: 1811: 1806: 1804:9780809145522 1800: 1796: 1795: 1787: 1784: 1780: 1775: 1772: 1768: 1763: 1760: 1756: 1751: 1748: 1745:, p. 26. 1744: 1739: 1736: 1733:, p. 74. 1732: 1727: 1724: 1720: 1715: 1712: 1708: 1703: 1700: 1696: 1691: 1688: 1685:, p. 88. 1684: 1679: 1676: 1672: 1667: 1664: 1661:, p. 23. 1660: 1655: 1652: 1649:, p. 41. 1648: 1643: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1627: 1624: 1620: 1615: 1612: 1609:, p. 74. 1608: 1603: 1600: 1596: 1591: 1588: 1583: 1579: 1573: 1570: 1566: 1561: 1558: 1554: 1549: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1534: 1532: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1517: 1515: 1513: 1509: 1495: 1494: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1470: 1469: 1468:The Spectator 1464: 1462: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1438: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1414:. 28 May 2012 1413: 1412: 1407: 1405: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1382: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1358: 1357: 1352: 1350: 1343: 1342: 1339: 1336: 1333:, p. 97. 1332: 1327: 1325: 1321: 1318:, p. 20. 1317: 1312: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1297: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1282: 1280: 1276: 1273:, p. 12. 1272: 1267: 1265: 1261: 1258:, p. 61. 1257: 1256:Bandstra 2008 1252: 1249: 1245: 1240: 1237: 1230: 1225: 1218:, p. 91 1217: 1211: 1208: 1201: 1197: 1196:Panbabylonism 1194: 1192: 1189: 1187: 1184: 1182: 1179: 1177: 1174: 1172: 1169: 1168: 1164: 1153: 1150: 1144: 1139: 1136: 1125: 1122: 1111: 1106: 1104: 1102: 1097: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1073: 1071: 1067: 1066:Thomas Browne 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1043: 1041: 1038: 1037:catastrophism 1034: 1030: 1029:Charles Lyell 1025: 1023: 1022: 1017: 1013: 1009: 1005: 1001: 997: 994: 989: 987: 982: 981:pseudoscience 978: 977:Flood geology 974: 972: 968: 964: 963: 958: 954: 950: 945: 943: 939: 938:Louis Agassiz 935: 934:Adam Sedgwick 931: 927: 923: 917: 913: 909: 908:Flood geology 902:Flood geology 901: 899: 896: 892: 888: 883: 881: 877: 873: 869: 864: 862: 858: 853: 851: 847: 846:Tsangpo Gorge 842: 840: 836: 831: 829: 824: 820: 812: 810: 808: 807: 803:in the surah 802: 794: 792: 790: 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 762: 758: 755:and his wife 754: 749: 742: 740: 738: 734: 730: 725: 721: 717: 713: 705: 703: 701: 698:to Christian 697: 693: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 661: 660:Luke 17:26–27 657: 653: 647: 643: 639: 631: 629: 626: 621: 619: 611: 606: 604: 602: 598: 593: 588: 586: 581: 576: 574: 565: 563: 561: 557: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 511: 507: 502: 495: 493: 490: 488: 484: 480: 476: 472: 469: 465: 461: 455: 447: 440: 438: 435: 434: 431: 428: 425: 424: 418: 416: 413: 412: 409: 406: 403: 402: 396: 394: 391: 390: 387: 384: 381: 380: 376: 374: 371: 370: 367: 364: 361: 360: 356: 354: 351: 350: 347: 344: 341: 340: 336: 334: 331: 330: 327: 324: 321: 320: 316: 314: 311: 310: 307: 304: 301: 300: 296: 294: 291: 290: 287: 284: 281: 280: 275: 271: 267: 266: 263: 257: 255: 253: 248: 244: 239: 235: 231: 227: 223: 219: 215: 210: 208: 199: 188: 184: 177: 175: 173: 169: 165: 161: 157: 149: 145: 141: 134: 132: 130: 126: 122: 118: 117:flood geology 114: 110: 106: 102: 98: 93: 91: 87: 83: 78: 76: 72: 68: 64: 60: 56: 49: 45: 34: 30: 26: 22: 8518: 8509: 8502: 8495: 8488: 8480: 8475:On the Ocean 8473: 8466: 8458: 8455:Literature: 8436: 8243: 8225: 8206: 8199: 8189:Aotearoa One 8187: 8180: 8173: 8166: 8154: 8147: 8140: 8133: 8126: 8119: 8112: 8099: 8095: 8087: 8074:Experimental 8042:Museum ships 8009: 8002: 7975: 7947:Phoenician: 7938: 7933:Leontophoros 7931: 7895:Butuan boats 7890:Pontian boat 7828:Dufuna canoe 7767:Shipbuilding 7678:and theories 7648:Boris Rankov 7442: 7375:Economy and 7275:Incendiaries 7122: 6909:Indus Valley 6877:Tarumanagara 6804:Ubaid period 6722:Wadi al-Jarf 6637:Ostia Antica 6241:Fore-and-aft 6208:Shipbuilding 6183:Carvel built 6165:Construction 6123:Steering oar 6004:Sailing ship 5927:Obelisk ship 5885:Dugout canoe 5735: 5668:(41:1–44:17) 5662:(37:1–40:23) 5656:(32:4–36:43) 5650:(28:10–32:3) 5644:(25:19–28:9) 5638:(23:1–25:18) 5636:Chayei Sarah 5632:(18:1–22:24) 5626:(12:1–17:27) 5445:Curse of Ham 5426: 5395:Adam and Eve 5366: 5314: 5272:Mount Ararat 5259: 5150: 5142: 5134: 5126: 5118: 5110: 5102: 5094: 5077: 5069: 5061: 5010:Die Sintflut 5008: 4989: 4981: 4973: 4965: 4946: 4938: 4930: 4922: 4914: 4895: 4887: 4868: 4860: 4852: 4844: 4836: 4828: 4820: 4812: 4804: 4796: 4788: 4780: 4772: 4764: 4756: 4748: 4740: 4732: 4713: 4708:: Noah's Ark 4704: 4696: 4688: 4683:"Noah's Ark" 4674: 4628:Book of Noah 4571: 4501: 4481:. Eerdmans. 4478: 4454: 4443: 4423:Genesis 1–11 4422: 4401: 4384:. Eerdmans. 4380: 4358: 4346:. B. Herder. 4343: 4317: 4300:. Eerdmans. 4296: 4276: 4252: 4222: 4201: 4180: 4159: 4150:the original 4134: 4110: 4090: 4069: 4048: 4035:. Retrieved 4007: 3986: 3957: 3936: 3915: 3894: 3873: 3862: 3849:. Retrieved 3829:. Retrieved 3801: 3781: 3757: 3738: 3718: 3698: 3674: 3653: 3649:Cohn, Norman 3629: 3608: 3589: 3566: 3546:Genesis 1-11 3545: 3528:. Eerdmans. 3524: 3503: 3482: 3454: 3430: 3409: 3388: 3367: 3346: 3337:Bibliography 3322: 3298: 3292: 3282: 3275: 3268: 3261: 3246: 3218: 3211: 3186: 3178: 3166:. Retrieved 3156: 3144:. Retrieved 3140:the original 3135: 3131: 3118: 3093: 3085: 3066: 3060: 3040: 3033: 3014: 3005: 2985: 2975: 2951: 2941: 2918: 2912: 2905:Stewart 2010 2900: 2888: 2876: 2864: 2837: 2832: 2819: 2809: 2784: 2778: 2768: 2735: 2731: 2722: 2710:. Retrieved 2696: 2684:. Retrieved 2677:the original 2658: 2651: 2639: 2627:. Retrieved 2621: 2614: 2602:. 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Retrieved 1354: 1348: 1338: 1288:, p. 3. 1286:Gmirkin 2006 1251: 1244:Leeming 2010 1239: 1210: 1163:Islam portal 1121:Bible portal 1098: 1093:biogeography 1074: 1070:rattlesnakes 1058:Mount Ararat 1047: 1026: 1019: 990: 975: 960: 946: 929: 919: 916:Antediluvian 884: 865: 854: 843: 832: 816: 804: 798: 776: 768: 764: 746: 733:great spirit 709: 676:Hebrews 11:7 664:1 Peter 3:20 649: 632:Christianity 622: 615: 589: 579: 577: 569: 543: 533: 529: 525: 521: 517: 514: 491: 457: 261: 222:Genesis 7:17 211: 203: 198:James Tissot 189:(watercolor 186: 153: 148:Gustave Doré 143: 105:paleontology 94: 79: 54: 52: 44:Léon Comerre 32: 25: 8565:Flood myths 8482:Argonautica 8469:(Herodotus) 8432:Flood myths 8329:Museums and 8273:conferences 8238:Vital Alsar 8076:archaeology 7885:Austronesia 7878:Hjortspring 7873:Rochelongue 7823:Pesse canoe 7777:Ship burial 7762:Sea Peoples 7695:Lighthouses 7690:Grave goods 7638:George Bass 7418:Spice trade 7015:exploration 6837:Philippines 6832:Austronesia 6825:Old Kingdom 6702:Trincomalee 6652:Prosphorion 6597:Myos Hormos 6441:Micronesian 6432:By region: 6404:Lighthouses 6212:By region: 5977:Quinquereme 5902:Kunlun ship 5895:Penteconter 5880:Dragon boat 5752:Manuscripts 5620:(6:9–11:32) 5433:Sons of God 5429:(6:1–9:28) 5402:Fall of man 5316:Boner's Ark 5136:Many Waters 5017:The Unicorn 4970:(1436-1440) 4892:(1954 play) 4774:Angel's Egg 4706:VeggieTales 4643:Noah's wine 4638:Gopher wood 3327:Browne 1983 3146:23 November 2881:Morton 2001 2625:. J. Murray 2282:(1): 24–37. 2207:Ginza Rabba 2190:Ginza Rabba 1956:Keiser 2013 1944:Keiser 2013 1903:, pp. 1901:Bodner 2016 1889:Schule 2017 1877:Schule 2017 1865:Schule 2017 1719:Burton 2019 1695:Dalley 2008 1683:Finkel 2014 1647:Bridge 2009 1619:Berman 2017 1474:31 December 1418:31 December 1362:31 December 1331:Arnold 2009 1271:Oliver 2017 1008:young Earth 949:Lord Kelvin 876:Katun River 861:Uruk period 813:Historicity 672:2 Peter 3:6 668:2 Peter 2:5 487:Utnapishtim 477:epics, the 462:during the 460:Mesopotamia 178:Composition 125:local flood 113:creationism 40: 1911 8549:Categories 8491:(Polybius) 8135:Hawaiʻiloa 8017:Nemi ships 7902:Black Sea‎ 7848:Khufu ship 7809:and relics 7707:Marine art 7700:Alexandria 7607:Fik Meijer 7590:Historians 7477:Indo-Roman 7290:Greek navy 7192:Salamis II 7182:Hellespont 7142:Artemisium 7132:Nile Delta 7095:Achaemenid 6988:Achaemenid 6857:Langkasuka 6852:Micronesia 6770:Prehistory 6697:Sounagoura 6525:Chittagong 6500:Barbarikon 6479:Alexandria 6421:Pilot boat 6371:Navigation 6203:Sewn-plank 6198:Lashed-lug 6076:Figurehead 6049:Components 6018:Propulsion 5972:Quadrireme 5953:Polyremes 5932:Outriggers 5654:Vayishlach 5624:Lech-Lecha 5536:(32:22–32) 5438:Noah's Ark 5279:Mount Judi 5174:Flood myth 5144:Noah's Ark 5112:Noah's Ark 5088:Literature 5078:Noah's Ark 5063:Noah's Ark 4975:Noah's Ark 4897:Two by Two 4862:Noah's Ark 4822:Noah's Ark 4734:Noah's Ark 4698:Noah's Ark 4668:Television 4585:Characters 4551:Noah's Ark 4037:2 November 3990:. Norton. 3851:2 November 3168:12 January 2921:. London: 2893:Isaak 2007 2869:Isaak 2006 2857:Young 1995 2712:10 January 2494:14 October 2431:14 October 2172:7 February 1929:Baden 2012 1743:Miano 2010 1659:Habel 1988 1553:Isaak 2007 1316:Cline 2007 1226:References 942:glaciation 785:Matthew 24 757:Sharhabeil 706:Gnosticism 636:See also: 554:, perhaps 454:Flood myth 362:7:16b–17a 144:The Deluge 101:archeology 75:Noah's ark 69:of watery 63:flood myth 8504:Geography 8442:Gilgamesh 8331:memorials 8255:Viracocha 8168:Faʻafaite 8121:Sarimanok 8027:Yassi Ada 7940:Syracusia 7863:Canaanite 7838:Moor Sand 7308:By region 7270:Grappling 7242:Naulochus 7232:Myonessus 7187:Echinades 7172:Arginusae 7167:Cynossema 7152:Naupactus 7147:Eurymedon 6981:Classical 6956:Phoenicia 6951:Mycenaean 6914:Tamilakam 6897:Polynesia 6887:Srivijaya 6682:Satingpra 6642:Palembang 6626:Cattigara 6568:(Kadaram) 6551:Jambukola 6545:Guangzhou 6486:(Podouke) 6484:Arikamedu 6446:Polynesia 6379:Celestial 6292:Armaments 6278:Spritsail 6236:Crab claw 6178:Careening 6145:Sternpost 5999:Reed boat 5942:Catamaran 5917:Multihull 5614:(1:1–6:8) 5502:(19:1–28) 5490:(14:1–17) 5447:(9:20–27) 5214:Bergelmir 4959:Paintings 4948:The Flood 4924:Le Déluge 4498:"Genesis" 4475:"Genesis" 3977:568745811 3507:. Baker. 2760:130092094 2629:3 January 2395:Lamb 1995 2251:cite book 2157:Shambhala 2104:947797222 1844:0003-0279 1671:Chen 2013 1595:Cohn 1999 1538:Cohn 1999 1499:2 January 1231:Citations 1050:New World 962:Lux Mundi 957:deep time 748:Mandaeism 743:Mandaeism 592:Genesis 1 560:Gilgamesh 556:Atrahasis 479:Atrahasis 392:7:24–8:5 352:7:13–16a 252:Gilgamesh 115:known as 8520:Tākitimu 8423:Legend: 8381:Roskilde 8260:Tangaroa 8201:Olympias 8175:Gaualofa 8114:Hōkūleʻa 8089:Kon-Tiki 7922:Ashkelon 7858:Uluburun 7817:Earliest 7583:Scholars 7465:shipping 7265:Boarding 7177:Mytilene 7162:Syracuse 7127:Alashiya 7090:Egyptian 7074:Military 7065:Timeline 7043:Sardinia 6966:Carthage 6882:Kalingga 6842:Sa Huỳnh 6777:Timeline 6727:Zanzibar 6677:Sarapion 6672:Rhacotis 6602:Martaban 6547:(Canton) 6540:Godavaya 6535:Giao Chỉ 6505:Barygaza 6495:Avalites 6416:Piloting 6304:Catapult 6299:Ballista 6273:Mast-aft 6086:Planking 6025:Paddling 5982:Hexareme 5947:Trimaran 5912:Longship 5860:Balangay 5714:Analysis 5695:Priestly 5672:Vayigash 5660:Vayeshev 5612:Bereshit 5542:and the 5522:his sons 5459:(11:1–9) 5047:" (2002) 5040:" (1980) 5033:" (1975) 5026:" (1970) 5019:" (1968) 4558:Theology 4049:Creation 3831:29 March 3651:(1999). 3588:(1983), 3480:(2011). 3452:(2017). 3285:." p. 71 3238:69734583 3126:(1950). 3013:(2008). 2983:(1988). 2824:Archived 2706:Archived 2686:8 August 2556:33362214 2516:PLOS ONE 2356:Geology, 2071:27034975 1582:BioLogos 1107:See also 787::38 and 781:Peshitta 761:Nuraitha 481:and the 468:Sumerian 426:8:20–22 414:8:13–19 382:7:22–23 372:7:18–21 276:Priestly 8460:Odyssey 8437:Genesis 8234:Others 8033:Lists: 8022:Marausa 7972:Roman: 7962:Punic: 7927:Kyrenia 7918:Greek: 7914:Marsala 7907:Sinop D 7782:Tacking 7516:History 7403:Meluhha 7393:Fishing 7388:Whaling 7295:Ramming 7217:Aegates 7212:Drepana 7207:Ecnomus 7137:Salamis 7125: 7115:Battles 6993:Nabatea 6976:Archaic 6946:Nuragic 6936:Somalia 6787:Oceania 6782:Britain 6759:History 6692:Socotra 6662:Qandala 6647:Piraeus 6617:Muziris 6587:Madurai 6582:Manthai 6520:Canopus 6490:Arsinoe 6462:harbors 6411:History 6399:Coastal 6329:Sambuca 6314:Dolphin 6228:Rigging 6040:Poling 6030:Sailing 5967:Trireme 5907:Liburna 5870:Coracle 5840:Vessels 5705:Elohist 5700:Jahwist 5688:Sources 5678:Vayechi 5648:Vayetze 5642:Toledot 5630:Vayeira 5546:(37–50) 5524:(25–50) 5508:(21–35) 5479:(12–23) 5477:Abraham 5470:(12–50) 5303:Related 5238:Science 5209:Cessair 5038:Animals 4715:The Ark 4621:Related 4607:Japheth 4574:in the 4455:Genesis 4381:Genesis 4253:Genesis 3368:Genesis 2789:Bibcode 2740:Bibcode 2604:24 July 2547:7757801 2524:Bibcode 2127:18 July 2033:18 July 2003:18 July 1637:, p.116 1493:Skeptic 967:gospels 891:Tel Dor 789:Luke 17 777:kēʾwilā 773:Mandaic 753:Shurbai 729:Eleleth 720:Archons 712:Gnostic 700:baptism 625:Gehenna 506:rainbow 436:9:1–17 404:8:6–12 322:7:7–10 292:6:9–22 258:Sources 218:Yahwist 135:Summary 97:geology 90:Yahwist 8511:Aeneid 8227:Viking 8208:Regina 7977:Alkedo 7833:Abydos 7807:Wrecks 7676:Topics 7506:Piracy 7460:Greece 7320:Odisha 7252:Actium 7247:Mycale 7082:Navies 6971:Greece 6961:Olmecs 6929:Pandya 6904:Minoan 6867:Champa 6847:Lapita 6792:Remote 6712:Tyndis 6667:Quilon 6612:Muscat 6577:Lothal 6572:Korkai 6556:Jeddah 6530:Essina 6474:Adulis 6384:Charts 6319:Harpax 6309:Corvus 6283:Square 6251:Settee 6246:Lateen 6155:Tiller 6150:Strake 6118:Rudder 6108:Paddle 6056:Anchor 6035:Towing 5957:Bireme 5890:Galley 5865:Bangka 5666:Miketz 5540:Joseph 5382:(1–11) 5229:Peluda 5155:(2004) 5147:(2002) 5139:(1986) 5131:(1985) 5123:(1984) 5115:(1977) 5107:(1969) 5099:(1948) 5080:(2002) 5074:(1994) 5066:(1992) 4994:(1891) 4986:(1851) 4951:(1962) 4943:(1958) 4935:(1885) 4927:(1875) 4919:(1830) 4865:(2024) 4857:(2015) 4849:(2014) 4841:(2012) 4833:(2007) 4825:(2007) 4817:(2003) 4809:(1999) 4801:(1998) 4793:(1994) 4785:(1988) 4777:(1985) 4769:(1984) 4761:(1983) 4753:(1966) 4745:(1933) 4737:(1928) 4718:(2015) 4710:(2015) 4701:(1999) 4693:(1997) 4685:(1992) 4679:(1967) 4565:Source 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