512:
33:
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309:
403:
104:
growing bulbs or flower-pots with matching stands, such as can be seen in many paintings of scenes in imperial palaces. The consensus that seems to be emerging, driven largely by the interpretation of excavations at kiln sites, divides Jun wares into two groups: a large group of relatively popular wares made in simple shapes from the
Northern Song to (at lower quality) the Yuan, and a much rarer group of official Jun wares made at a single site (Juntai) for the imperial palaces in the Yuan and early Ming periods. Both types rely largely for their effect on their use of the blue and purple glaze colours; the latter group are sturdy shapes for relatively low-status uses such as flowerpots and perhaps spitoons.
158:
172:
351:
500:
524:
419:
259:
25:
540:
382:
394:
321:
17:
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370:
464:(in at least one case this is a Qing addition). Other pieces have numbers between one and ten impressed on the base. These may indicate standard sizes to help the palace in ordering, the most likely explanation, or members of matching sets. If the numbers indicate sizes, "1" is the largest and "10" the smallest". Such pieces are sometimes called "numbered Jun ware". There are also some simple table shapes made to the same quality, but these are never numbered.
1963:
572:. The glaze contains large numbers of tiny bubbles, from gases produced in the glaze during firing. These, though invisible to the naked eye, contribute to the visual effect of the pieces. In many pieces they leave the glaze rather rough to the touch, though the finest pieces avoid this, perhaps by grinding the materials very finely. Applying more than one layer of glaze appears to have been common.
1376:
435:) Jun ware. The streaked pieces are "all of shapes designed for the growing or display of flowers", according to Shelagh Vainker, though other functions are sometimes suggested, giving alternatives such as spitoon/flower-pots, brush-washer/flower pot stand/bulb planters, and so on. As an example, the pot illustrated in the
338:
550:
The glaze of Jun ware is always thick and opaque. It is often very thin or absent around the rim, but thick at the foot, where it typically leaves a small part uncovered. Both the light blue and purple colours are first seen in
Chinese pottery in Jun wares. The purple areas are caused by the addition
575:
Some pieces, especially those of the best quality, seem to have been fired twice, once before glazing, with a second firing at a higher temperature after glazing. The firing with the glaze on needed to reach about 1200 °C, and to cool slowly, so that the whole firing process probably took some
455:
The sizes and shapes differ from the other groups, being generally larger, heavier, and with more complicated shapes, made in double (two-part) moulds in a process apparently invented by the potters of Jun ware. Many of the rims are irregular, forming flower-like shapes. There are also incisions on
103:
Some of the wares were for a popular market, especially the drinking vessels, but others seem to have been made for the imperial court and are known as "official Jun wares"; they are not mentioned in contemporary documents and their dating remains somewhat controversial. These are mostly bowls for
289:
The foot of the later period ware is usually unglazed and brown; the rim of bowls can also be brown or greenish where the glaze is thinner. Song period examples display a careful finishing with glaze inside the foot. Naturally Song shapes are crisp and thinner than later Jin and Yuan examples. All
245:
provinces, although Yuzhou City was the prime area for Jun ware production. Some fine quality pieces are known, often a good deal larger than previously. Investigations of Jun ware kiln sites began in 1951 under Chen Wanli of the Palace Museum. A hundred kiln sites were subsequently discovered. A
184:
The start date for Jun ware is uncertain; many pieces are dated to the Song dynasty mainly through the similarity of their shapes to those of other Song wares. No Jun ware has yet been recovered from tombs that can be firmly dated to the Song. The two main sites with kilns producing Jun ware are
467:
There has been a divergence between Asian and
Western scholars in dating these; the Chinese, relying largely on evidence from excavations at the Juntai kiln, place them in the late Northern Song, while Western writers put them in the Yuan or early Ming. There has been much discussion of a single
119:
which was greatly admired and often imitated in later periods. But colours range from a light greenish-brown through green to blue and purple. The shapes are mostly simple, except for the official wares, and other decoration is normally limited to the glaze effects. Most often, the "unofficial"
511:
197:
though, at least by the Yuan, there were many others, explaining the many differences between examples. As with other wares, excavations at kiln sites in recent decades have shown that other types of pottery were also made at the same sites. One Jun ware site was
Qingliangsi, where imperial
32:
451:
is described as a "flower-pot", with an inscribed "6" underneath. Very similar pots are shown with plants growing in them in a Ming imperial portrait. The
Walters are cautious on dating, while the British Museum date their piece to 1403–1435, in the early Ming.
567:
separation gives an opalescent final appearance: "The tiny spherules of lime-rich glass scatter blue light, producing a strong bluish cast". The fact that particles or inhomogeneities smaller than a light wavelength preferentially scatter blue light is known as
611:, Baltimore shows the prestige of Jun ware among Chinese collectors under the Qing. Sherds of purple-splashed Jun ware were framed and mounted in a set of four custom-made wooden panels of the 18th or 19th century, seen through individually shaped windows.
483:
Sherds of these have been excavated at the kiln site at Juntai, Yixian, and recently, opinion has been shifting in favour of earlier dating within the Ming (as followed above), and some pieces have been reassigned from being "Jun-type" imitations in
115:. They often show "splashes" of purple on blue, sometimes appearing as though random, though they are usually planned. A different group are "streaked" purple on blue, the Chinese describing the streaks as "worm-tracks". This is a high-prestige
476:, so 1402–1435), and many pieces are inscribed with locations, probably added in the 18th century, and certainly remained in place in the palace until the late Qing. Jun flower pots can also be seen in paintings of the court from the Ming. The
205:
The
Chinese character for Jun became incorporated in local place names only as late as 1368. There is no mention of the kilns of Jun ware in written sources from the Song to Yuan dynasties. The first mention of the wares is by the painter
83:
ceramics. Despite its fame, much about Jun ware remains unclear, and the subject of arguments among experts. Several different types of pottery are covered by the term, produced over several centuries and in several places, during the
225:
The purple colour perhaps does not appear until the early 12th century, and then is only controlled by late in that century. By the late 13th century at least one piece has a character formed in splashes. This is a headrest in the
430:
Although Jun ware is not mentioned by Song writers on ceramics (or in surviving chronicles), at least the last class mentioned above, of "streaked" purple on blue, appears to have been made for the court, and is known as "official"
1208:
1197:
1219:
221:
It is possible that early pieces in a very light blue are actually the quasi-mythical Chai ware of the 10th century, much praised in early sources, but of which no clear examples matching the early descriptions survive.
308:
266:
The Jun glaze included blue-grey, sky-blue, moon-white, red and purple, the most prized have crimson or purple splashes. Varying the temperature of the kilns changed colour tints, a technique known as
607:
Although in the Song and Yuan dynasties the wares do not seem to have had a very high status, from the Ming onwards they acquired a very high reputation among collectors. A set of panels in the
618:
New York in 2016, prices realized included US$ 52,500 for a small blue bowl, US$ 112,500 for a blue plate splashed with purple, and US$ 389,000 for a round official Jun "Number 3" jardinière.
580:
in the kiln. From excavations, it appears that both wood and coal (which have different effects on the reduction atmosphere) might be used, perhaps with wood used for the best quality pieces.
959:
920:
873:
852:
135:, they are often not quite fired as high as the normal stoneware temperature range, and the body remains permeable to water. They form a "close relative" of the wider group of
981:
468:
supposedly Song period coin found in a kiln at Juntai. There seem at the least to have been replacement orders for the new imperial palace in
Beijing under the early Ming (
282:. Like Cizhou wares, the walls are thick and sturdy. Most are natural wheel-formed bowls and dishes, and small vases or wine-carafes, mostly with a narrow neck, but some
250:("Historical Relics") in 1964. It was excavations at Juntai in 1973–1974 which revealed the site where official Jun was made; it is assumed this was all made there.
1994:
1782:
523:
233:
The ware experiences a fall in quality into the Jin period, continuing in the Yuan. By the Yuan dynasty, Jun ware production had spread to other kiln sites in
2208:
604:, are still made in the ware's native Henan, though "the rate of wastage is high" and the results less successful than other modern Chinese replica wares.
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The flower-like ("foliated") rims found in official Jun began in some Song pieces, and echoed contemporary styles in metalwork and
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2099:
1831:
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1188:, "The Classic Age of Chinese Ceramics: The Linyushanren Collection, Part II", 15 September 2016, New York, Rockefeller Plaza
44:
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of a solution including copper splashed or painted onto the body between glazing and firing. Some blue or green comes from
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1935:
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in the
British Museum, citing: Li Baoping, "Numbered Jun Wares: Controversies and New Kiln Site Discoveries", in
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in
Chinese terms (where the class of stoneware is not generally recognised). Like the still more prestigious
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539:
258:
2315:
1863:
1601:
36:
Wine cup, opaque bluish glaze with purple-red splashes, late Jin or early Yuan dynasty, 12th–13th century
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A variety of simple shapes are made, the range mostly similar to that of the very differently decorated
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214:("Song family customs"). A black ware with spots was produced at the Xiaobai Valley in the
136:
76:
297:. By the Yuan some shapes, such as vases and circular incense-burners, are given handles.
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20:
Jun wheel-thrown stoneware bowl with blue glaze and purple splashes, Jin dynasty, 1127–1234
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1950:
1853:
1813:
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1460:
1400:
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596:, mostly in the 18th century. In the 19th century there were imitations of Jun glazes in
589:
485:
157:
72:
971:
Vainker, 103; the site is: Juntai, Yuxian, Henan province 河南省, 禹縣, 鈞台, per
British Museum
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2016:
1727:
1314:
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477:
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469:
932:
Vainker, 104; Ming, 92–97; Osborne, 185; see the final section of Koh for more detail.
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Genuine Jun ware continues to be highly collectable and expensive. At an auction at
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2345:
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types are thickly glazed, often with the glaze not reaching the foot of the piece.
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1510:
1046:
Yale University Press, New Haven & London; Foreign Language Press, Beijing.
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597:
588:
Jun ware was one of the antique wares that were copied in the south of China in
279:
96:(1271–1368), and (as has become clearer in recent years) lasting into the early
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128:
124:
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28:
Official Jun "streaked" hexagonal flowerpot and stand, Ming dynasty, 1400–35
1375:
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2423:
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1490:
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423:
559:. At high temperature the glaze produced "spontaneous unmixing ... into
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2170:
2155:
1878:
1858:
1741:
1734:
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1044:
Chinese Ceramics, From the paleolithic period through the Qing dynasty.
461:
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328:
294:
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207:
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132:
1760:
1251:, "China, §VIII, 3: Ceramics: Historical development", various authors
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1748:
1679:
1662:
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1410:
771:
Rawson, 245; Gompertz, 79–80 describes the references to Chai ware.
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31:
23:
15:
492:
Flat, wide shapes (functions and dates as per the owning museums)
2569:
1764:
1414:
1108:
Vainker, 105; Grove, who say firing was "to about 1280–1300°C".
107:
The most striking and distinctive Jun wares use blue to purple
1270:
The Chinese Potter: A Practical History of Chinese Ceramics
314:
Vase with purple splashes, late Song or early Yuan dynasty
543:
Dish with opalescent blue and lavender splashed glazes,
127:
in terms of Western classification, and "high-fired" or
480:
dates the official wares "from about AD 1368 to 1435".
286:. There are also boxes, jars, ewers and other shapes.
120:
wares are wheel-thrown, but the official ones moulded.
460:, the name of a building in the main Song palace at
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2416:
2230:
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2040:
1970:
1799:
1689:
1635:
1569:
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1448:
517:"Bowl with ruyi-shaped legs" (museum dates to Song)
660:See note on the spitoon or flower pot illustrated.
600:, also in the south. Modern reproductions, using
111:colours, sometimes suffused with white, made with
344:Vase with purple splashes, late Jin or early Yuan
218:and can be considered the precursor of Jun ware.
1776:
1426:
8:
2209:Along the River During the Qingming Festival
1335:, Weatherhill, Tokyo, 1981, pp. 117–119
986:Transactions of the Oriental Ceramic Society
563:-rich and lime-rich glasses", which through
456:the bases of many pieces, of the characters
1349:, 1991, British Museum Press, 9780714114705
1302:The Oxford Companion to the Decorative Arts
2792:
2227:
2037:
1783:
1769:
1761:
1433:
1419:
1411:
1254:"Koh", Koh, NK, Koh Antiques, Singapore, "
535:Technical aspects of the glaze and firing
1358:, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
1321:, 2007 (2nd edn), British Museum Press,
1175:Walters detail for one of their set of 4
555:in the glaze, combined with firing in a
529:Bowl (museum dates to 13th-14th century)
626:
576:days. Pieces were placed in individual
495:
365:
304:
67:
2777:Collected Cases of Injustice Rectified
2702:Endless power transmitting chain drive
1319:The British Museum Book of Chinese Art
1237:, 1980 (2nd edn.), Faber & Faber,
426:or flower-pot; Yuan or Ming, see text.
980:Compare the "Curator's comments" for
246:major report appeared in the journal
7:
1406:Auctioned examples from recent years
723:Vainker, 101–102; Medley, 118; Grove
1484:Earthenwares, stonewares and others
1390:from The Metropolitan Museum of Art
210:, writing in 1504, in his 《宋氏家規部》
14:
1669:Famille jaune, noire, rose, verte
1288:Ming: 50 years that changed China
651:Medley, 118–122; Vainker, 102–104
447:", but an identical shape in the
356:Sky-blue glazed square vase, Yuan
230:with the character for "pillow".
1961:
1474:
1374:
522:
510:
498:
401:
392:
380:
368:
349:
337:
319:
307:
170:
156:
1340:Dictionary of Chinese Fine Arts
988:, vol. 71, 2006–2007, pp. 65–77
2203:Great Bodhisattva of Zhengding
1388:A Handbook of Chinese Ceramics
1355:A handbook of Chinese ceramics
1290:, 2014, British Museum Press,
1272:, 3rd edition, 1989, Phaidon,
57:
48:
1:
2638:Southern Song dynasty coinage
1347:Chinese Pottery and Porcelain
911:Vainker, 102–104; Medley, 121
1342:, Shanghai, pp. 287–288
1286:and Harrison-Hall, Jessica,
2050:Department of State Affairs
443:is described by them as a "
2910:
2012:Bureau of Military Affairs
1042:Zhiyan, Li, et al. (2010)
505:Bulb Bowl, about 1200-1300
228:Metropolitan Museum of Art
1959:
1884:Alliance Conducted at Sea
1874:Song–Viet war (1075–1077)
1592:Jingdezhen/Imperial wares
1472:
1186:Christie's NY, Sale 13915
780:Medley, 119; Osborne, 185
633:Vainker, 104; Ming, 92–97
584:Imitations and collecting
449:Percival David Collection
2215:Four Great Books of Song
753:, PDF.97, British Museum
2066:Secretariat-Chancellery
1352:Valenstein, S. (1998).
545:Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
2697:Early Bessemer process
2665:Science and technology
1864:Nong Zhigao rebellions
1300:Osborne, Harold (ed),
874:PDF.36, British Museum
547:
427:
263:
113:straw ash in the glaze
37:
29:
21:
2085:Ministry of Personnel
1990:Imperial examinations
1383:at Wikimedia Commons
1235:Chinese Celadon Wares
1233:Gompertz, G.St.G.M.,
902:Medley, 118; Ming, 97
542:
421:
261:
86:Northern Song dynasty
35:
27:
19:
2221:Dongjing Meng Hua Lu
1995:Administrative units
1869:Song–Tibet relations
1844:Song–Đại Cồ Việt war
1466:Green-glazed pottery
150:Yuan period Jun bowl
2771:Forensic entomology
2732:Watertight bulkhead
2611:Joint-stock company
2105:Ministry of Justice
2090:Ministry of Revenue
2000:Sixteen Prefectures
834:Vainker, 102; Grove
570:Rayleigh scattering
557:reducing atmosphere
414:"Official" Jun ware
332:vase, southern Song
2707:Astronomical clock
1914:Treaty of Shaoxing
1399:2020-02-16 at the
1268:Medley, Margaret,
1261:2020-02-16 at the
741:Vainker, 102; Sato
609:Walters Art Museum
548:
437:Walters Art Museum
428:
326:Moon-white glazed
264:
212:Song shi jia guibu
38:
30:
22:
2871:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2786:Dream Pool Essays
2678:Gunpowder weapons
2591:
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2118:
2117:
2110:Ministry of Works
2095:Ministry of Rites
2042:Three Departments
1879:Fang La rebellion
1859:Wang Ze rebellion
1758:
1757:
1561:Tang tomb figures
1379:Media related to
1249:Oxford Art Online
1052:978-0-300-11278-8
1006:Vainker, 102, 104
137:Northern celadons
2901:
2894:History of Henan
2889:Culture in Henan
2817:
2814:
2793:
2541:
2540: 1174–1189
2538:
2480:
2479: 1050–1080
2477:
2372:
2371: 1111–1117
2369:
2228:
2178:Longquan celadon
2146:Five Great Kilns
2038:
1965:
1785:
1778:
1771:
1762:
1708:Five Great Kilns
1506:Longquan celadon
1478:
1442:Chinese ceramics
1435:
1428:
1421:
1412:
1378:
1333:Chinese Ceramics
1331:Sato, Masahiko,
1222:
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1206:
1200:
1195:
1189:
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1177:
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1147:, British Museum
1145:Shiwan imitation
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962:, British Museum
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923:, British Museum
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696:Medley, 118, 122
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642:Vainker, 102–104
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341:
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274:General Jun ware
174:
160:
92:(1115–1234) and
77:Five Great Kilns
69:
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50:
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2884:Chinese pottery
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2747:Horner's method
2659:
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2491:Emperor Huizong
2478:
2412:
2370:
2226:
2114:
2100:Ministry of War
2071:
2036:
1966:
1957:
1936:Mongol conquest
1854:Chanyuan Treaty
1814:Chenqiao mutiny
1795:
1789:
1759:
1754:
1685:
1631:
1565:
1479:
1470:
1461:Terracotta Army
1449:Ancient pottery
1444:
1439:
1401:Wayback Machine
1372:
1345:Vainker, S.J.,
1338:Shen, Roujian,
1315:Rawson, Jessica
1263:Wayback Machine
1230:
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1218:
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1099:Medley, 118–119
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1080:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1015:Medley, 118–119
1014:
1010:
1005:
1001:
997:Medley, 121–122
996:
992:
979:
975:
970:
966:
958:
954:
949:
945:
940:
936:
931:
927:
919:
915:
910:
906:
901:
897:
892:
888:
883:
879:
872:
868:
863:
859:
851:
847:
842:
838:
833:
829:
824:
820:
815:
811:
806:
802:
797:
793:
788:
784:
779:
775:
770:
766:
761:
757:
749:
745:
740:
736:
731:
727:
722:
718:
713:
709:
704:
700:
695:
691:
686:
682:
677:
673:
668:
664:
659:
655:
650:
646:
641:
637:
632:
628:
624:
590:Jingdezhen ware
586:
537:
530:
527:
518:
515:
506:
503:
486:Jingdezhen ware
474:Xuande Emperors
416:
409:
406:
397:
388:
385:
376:
373:
357:
354:
345:
342:
333:
324:
315:
312:
276:
256:
254:Characteristics
202:was also made.
182:
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179:
178:
175:
166:
165:
164:
161:
152:
151:
145:
139:or greenwares.
73:Chinese pottery
71:) is a type of
12:
11:
5:
2907:
2905:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2876:
2875:
2869:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2861:
2855:
2849:
2843:
2837:
2831:
2825:
2819:
2816: 10th c.
2806:
2799:
2797:
2790:
2789:
2782:
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2768:
2767:
2766:
2759:
2749:
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2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2684:Wujing Zongyao
2680:
2669:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2613:
2608:
2601:
2599:
2593:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2585:
2579:
2573:
2567:
2561:
2555:
2549:
2543:
2530:
2524:
2518:
2512:
2506:
2500:
2494:
2488:
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2469:
2463:
2457:
2451:
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2439:
2433:
2427:
2420:
2418:
2414:
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2411:
2410:
2404:
2398:
2392:
2386:
2380:
2374:
2361:
2355:
2349:
2343:
2337:
2334:Huang Tingjian
2331:
2325:
2319:
2313:
2307:
2301:
2295:
2289:
2283:
2277:
2271:
2265:
2259:
2253:
2247:
2241:
2234:
2232:
2225:
2224:
2217:
2212:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2143:
2138:
2132:
2130:
2120:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2081:
2079:
2077:Six Ministries
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2046:
2044:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2017:Qingli Reforms
2014:
2009:
2004:
2003:
2002:
1992:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1974:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1933:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1837:Gaoliang River
1834:
1829:
1824:
1816:
1810:
1808:
1797:
1796:
1790:
1788:
1787:
1780:
1773:
1765:
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1704:
1699:
1693:
1691:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1683:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1659:
1652:
1650:Blue and white
1647:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
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1579:
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1566:
1564:
1563:
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1553:
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1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1458:
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1430:
1423:
1415:
1409:
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1370:External links
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478:British Museum
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176:
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149:
148:
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123:The wares are
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2906:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
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2850:
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2774:
2773:
2772:
2769:
2765:
2764:
2763:Yingzao Fashi
2760:
2758:
2757:Liaodi Pagoda
2755:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2742:Tianchi basin
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
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2703:
2700:
2698:
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2679:
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2602:
2600:
2598:
2594:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2564:Zhao Mengjian
2562:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2552:Wuzhun Shifan
2550:
2547:
2544:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2504:
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2498:
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2467:
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2422:
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2415:
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2399:
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2299:
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2239:
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2218:
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2176:
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2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2039:
2033:
2032:Three Bureaus
2030:
2028:
2027:Baojia system
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2001:
1998:
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1996:
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1991:
1988:
1984:
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1973:
1969:
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1927:
1925:
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1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1899:Huangtiandang
1897:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1890:
1889:Jin–Song Wars
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1849:Song–Xia wars
1847:
1845:
1842:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1832:Southern Tang
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1802:
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1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1690:Kilns, shapes
1688:
1682:
1681:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
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1492:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1477:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1456:Proto-celadon
1454:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1436:
1431:
1429:
1424:
1422:
1417:
1416:
1413:
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1364:9780870995149
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1328:
1327:9780714124469
1324:
1320:
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1313:
1311:
1307:
1304:, 1975, OUP,
1303:
1299:
1297:
1296:9780714124841
1293:
1289:
1285:
1284:Clunas, Craig
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853:Dish, PDF,A.5
849:
846:
840:
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196:
192:
188:
187:Yuzhou, Henan
173:
159:
142:
140:
138:
134:
130:
126:
121:
118:
114:
110:
105:
101:
100:(1368–1644).
99:
95:
91:
87:
82:
78:
75:, one of the
74:
70:
64:
60:
54:
46:
42:
34:
26:
18:
2858:Guo Shoujing
2784:
2775:
2761:
2752:Architecture
2737:Fishing reel
2712:Movable type
2682:
2652:
2546:Zhou Jichang
2497:Zhang Zeduan
2346:Zhou Bangyan
2238:Fan Zhongyan
2219:
2207:
2193:Yaozhou ware
2188:Qingbai ware
2165:
2022:New Policies
1827:Southern Han
1818:Unification
1792:Song dynasty
1747:
1740:
1733:
1726:
1719:
1712:
1678:
1661:
1654:
1642:
1602:Transitional
1540:
1373:
1353:
1346:
1339:
1332:
1318:
1301:
1287:
1269:
1234:
1215:
1204:
1193:
1181:
1170:
1165:Vainker, 102
1161:
1152:
1140:
1131:
1126:Osborne, 185
1122:
1117:Vainker, 104
1113:
1104:
1095:
1090:Osborne, 185
1086:
1077:
1068:
1059:
1043:
1038:
1029:
1020:
1011:
1002:
993:
985:
976:
967:
960:Dish, PDF.54
955:
946:
937:
928:
921:Dish, PDF.54
916:
907:
898:
893:Vainker, 102
889:
880:
869:
864:Vainker, 102
860:
848:
839:
830:
821:
812:
803:
794:
785:
776:
767:
758:
746:
737:
728:
719:
710:
701:
692:
687:Vainker, 102
683:
678:Vainker, 102
674:
665:
656:
647:
638:
629:
613:
606:
594:Qing dynasty
587:
574:
549:
482:
466:
457:
454:
432:
429:
387:12th century
327:
292:
288:
277:
267:
265:
247:
232:
224:
220:
216:Tang dynasty
211:
204:
191:Linru County
183:
122:
106:
102:
98:Ming dynasty
94:Yuan dynasty
88:(960–1127),
81:Song dynasty
66:
56:
40:
39:
2860:(1231–1316)
2854:(1202–1261)
2852:Qin Jiushao
2848:(1192-1279)
2842:(1186–1249)
2836:(1031–1095)
2830:(1020–1101)
2824:(1010–1070)
2809:Zhang Sixun
2654:Zhu Fan Zhi
2643:Champa rice
2607:(1021–1086)
2584:(1235–1305)
2578:(1222–1307)
2572:(1210–1269)
2566:(1199–1295)
2560:(1190–1230)
2554:(1178–1249)
2533:Lin Tinggui
2529:(1140–1210)
2523:(1120–1182)
2517:(1100–1197)
2511:(1096–1119)
2509:Wang Ximeng
2505:(1094-1172)
2499:(1085–1145)
2493:(1082–1135)
2487:(1051–1107)
2468:(1049–1106)
2462:(1036–1093)
2456:(1020–1090)
2450:(1019–1079)
2444:(1000–1064)
2409:(1170–1231)
2403:(1140–1207)
2397:(1130–1200)
2391:(1127–1206)
2385:(1126–1193)
2383:Fan Chengda
2379:(1125–1209)
2360:(1085–1144)
2354:(1084–1155)
2352:Li Qingzhao
2348:(1056–1121)
2342:(1047–1126)
2336:(1045–1105)
2330:(1039–1112)
2324:(1037–1101)
2318:(1033–1107)
2312:(1032–1085)
2306:(1022–1077)
2300:(1019–1086)
2294:(1019–1083)
2288:(1017–1073)
2282:(1012–1067)
2276:(1011–1077)
2270:(1009–1066)
2264:(1007–1072)
2258:(1002–1060)
2256:Mei Yaochen
2183:Cizhou ware
2060:Chancellery
2055:Secretariat
1983:Family tree
1941:Diaoyucheng
1702:Mantou kiln
1697:Dragon kiln
1081:Medley, 119
1072:Rawson, 245
1063:Medley, 119
950:Ming, 97–98
884:Ming, 97–98
789:Grove; Sato
705:Medley, 118
669:Medley, 118
602:slipcasting
598:Shiwan ware
422:"Official"
280:Cizhou ware
90:Jin dynasty
2878:Categories
2805:(972–1051)
2722:Pound lock
2648:Nanhai One
2605:Wang Anshi
2503:Su Hanchen
2466:Li Gonglin
2436:Zhao Chang
2432:(970–1053)
2430:Xu Daoning
2426:(960–1030)
2407:Zhao Rukuo
2389:Yang Wanli
2298:Sima Guang
2286:Zhou Dunyi
2262:Ouyang Xiu
2252:(998–1061)
2246:(991–1055)
2240:(989–1052)
1971:Government
1636:Decoration
1310:0198661134
1278:071482593X
1243:0571180035
1228:References
982:this piece
616:Christie's
592:under the
553:iron oxide
63:Wade–Giles
2796:Inventors
2673:Gunpowder
2582:Qian Xuan
2548:(12th c.)
2527:Liang Kai
2521:Zhao Boju
2460:Wang Shen
2442:Yi Yuanji
2438:(10th c.)
2310:Cheng Hao
2304:Zhang Zai
2292:Zeng Gong
2280:Cai Xiang
2274:Shao Yong
2198:Jian ware
2161:Guan ware
2151:Ding ware
1946:Xiangyang
1822:Later Shu
1674:Ash glaze
1570:Porcelain
1247:"Grove":
441:Baltimore
185:close to
177:Side view
129:porcelain
125:stoneware
117:stoneware
2834:Shen Kuo
2822:Jia Xian
2803:Bi Sheng
2727:Dry dock
2616:Banknote
2576:Gong Kai
2448:Wen Tong
2424:Fan Kuan
2417:Painters
2401:Xin Qiji
2358:Zhu Bian
2340:Cai Jing
2316:Cheng Yi
2166:Jun ware
2136:Religion
2007:Military
1978:Emperors
1909:Yancheng
1894:Jingkang
1805:Timeline
1397:Archived
1394:Jun ware
1381:Jun ware
1282:"Ming":
1259:Archived
1256:Jun ware
941:Ming, 97
458:feng hua
424:spittoon
284:meipings
262:Jun vase
163:Top view
68:Chün-yao
41:Jun ware
2840:Song Ci
2828:Su Song
2717:Compass
2597:Economy
2558:Li Song
2472:Cui Bai
2250:Song Qi
2244:Yan Shu
2231:Writers
2171:Ru ware
2156:Ge ware
2128:Society
2124:Culture
1929:Caizhou
1919:Tangdao
1801:History
1742:Meiping
1735:Hunping
1587:Qingbai
1501:Yaozhou
1496:Celadon
1220:Lot 724
1209:Lot 723
1198:Lot 722
578:saggars
462:Kaifeng
445:spitoon
329:meiping
295:lacquer
268:yaobian
208:Song Xu
200:Ru ware
189:and in
143:History
133:Ru ware
58:Jūn yáo
45:Chinese
2626:Guanzi
2621:Jiaozi
2454:Guo Xi
2395:Zhu Xi
2377:Lu You
2364:Zhu Yu
2328:Su Zhe
2322:Su Shi
2268:Su Xun
2141:Poetry
1924:Caishi
1794:topics
1749:Gaiwan
1680:An hua
1663:Doucai
1644:Sancai
1627:Canton
1622:Tianqi
1617:Swatow
1607:export
1556:Shiwan
1551:Yixing
1536:Jizhou
1511:Cizhou
1362:
1325:
1317:(ed).
1308:
1294:
1276:
1241:
1050:
561:silica
470:Yongle
243:Shanxi
65::
55::
53:pinyin
47::
2846:Li Ye
2631:Huizi
2515:Li Di
2485:Mi Fu
1951:Yamen
1904:De'an
1728:Guang
1656:Wucai
1612:Kraak
1597:Dehua
1156:Grove
1135:Grove
1033:Grove
798:Grove
732:Grove
622:Notes
565:phase
301:Vases
248:Wenwu
239:Hebei
235:Henan
195:Henan
109:glaze
2692:Coke
2570:Muqi
2126:and
1721:Ding
1714:Cong
1706:The
1582:Ding
1577:Xing
1531:Jian
1526:Guan
1516:Ding
1360:ISBN
1323:ISBN
1306:ISBN
1292:ISBN
1274:ISBN
1239:ISBN
1048:ISBN
843:Sato
825:Sato
807:Sato
762:Shen
472:and
433:guan
408:Song
375:Yuan
362:Cups
241:and
2813:fl.
2537:fl.
2476:fl.
2368:fl.
1541:Jun
1491:Yue
816:Koh
714:Koh
193:in
79:of
2880::
1546:Ru
1521:Ge
439:,
270:.
237:,
61:;
51:;
49:鈞窯
2818:)
2811:(
2542:)
2535:(
2481:)
2474:(
2373:)
2366:(
2068:)
2064:(
1807:)
1803:(
1784:e
1777:t
1770:v
1434:e
1427:t
1420:v
1265:"
1054:.
431:(
43:(
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