Java - Knowledge (XXG)

871: 2527:. Though Java is increasingly becoming more modern and urban, only 75% of the island has electricity. Villages and their rice paddies are still a common sight. Unlike the rest of Java, the population growth in Central Java remains low. Central Java however has a younger population than the national average. The slow population growth can in part be attributed to the choice by many people to leave the more rural Central Java for better opportunities and higher incomes in the bigger cities. Java's population continues to rapidly increase despite many Javanese leaving the island. This is somewhat due to the fact that Java is the business, academic, and cultural hub of Indonesia, which attracts millions of non-Javanese people to its cities. The population growth is most intense in the regions surrounding 2544: 3294: 1577: 1378: 6077: 1699: 1119: 3359: 2645: 3340: 1619: 2634: 2095: 2135: 2223: 2007: 3691: 1969: 1929: 954: 3321: 5939: 1142: 791: 3718: 1300: 1608:. Internal conflict prevented the Javanese from forming effective alliances against the Dutch. Remnants of the Mataram survived as the Surakarta (Solo) and Yogyakarta principalities. Javanese kings claimed to rule with divine authority and the Dutch helped them to preserve remnants of a Javanese aristocracy by confirming them as regents or district officials within the colonial administration. 6530: 3732: 1491: 1764: 1266: 89: 101: 2919: 377: 1291: 3576: 2660: 991: 3492: 406: 1241:(a species currently recognisable only by their genetic signature) across Southeast Asia, whereupon they interbred with immigrating modern humans 45.7 and 29.8 thousand years ago. A 2021 genomic study indicates that, aside from the Denisovans, modern humans never interbred with any of these endemic human species, unless the offspring were 5308: 2381: 2523:

Asian emigres were among this elite, as well as Arabian and Persian immigrants during the Islamic eras. More recently, Chinese immigrants have also become part of the economic elite of Java. Although politically the Chinese generally remain sidelined, there are notable exceptions, such as the former governor of Jakarta,

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The advent of trucks and railways where there had previously only been buffalo and carts, telegraph systems, and more coordinated distribution systems under the colonial government all contributed to famine elimination in Java, and in turn, population growth. There were no significant famines in Java

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The story of Aji Saka is a Neo Javanese story. This story has not yet been found to be relevant in the Old Javanese text. This story tells of events in the Medang Kamulan kingdom in Java in the past. At that time, the king of Medang Kamulan Prabu Dewata Cengkar was replaced by Aji Saka. This story is

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were dependent on rice yields and tax. Java was famous for rice surpluses and rice export since ancient times, and rice agriculture contributed to the population growth of the island. Trade with other parts of Asia such as ancient India and China flourished as early as the 4th century, as evidenced

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culture is the island's most dominant. Java's remaining aristocracy is based here, and it is the region from where the majority of Indonesia's army, business, and political elite originate. Its language, arts, and etiquette are regarded as the island's most refined and exemplary. The territory from

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Java has been traditionally dominated by an elite class, while the people in the lower classes were often involved in agriculture and fishing. The elite class in Java has evolved over the course of history, as cultural wave after cultural wave immigrated to the island. There is evidence that South

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In 1815, there may have been five million people in Java. In the second half of the 18th century, population spurts began in districts along the north-central coast of Java, and in the 19th century population grew rapidly across the island. Factors for the great population growth include the impact

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and is home to 56% of Indonesia's population, with a combined population of 156.4 million according to the official estimates as at mid 2023 (including Madura's 4.06 million). At nearly 1,185 people per km in 2023, it is also one of the most densely populated parts of the world, on a par

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The island's exceptional fertility and rainfall allowed the development of wet-field rice cultivation, which required sophisticated levels of cooperation between villages. Out of these village alliances, small kingdoms developed. The chain of volcanic mountains and associated highlands running the

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The southern coastline and estuary of the Bengawan Solo River at that time may have been different from what it is today, due to geological factors such as sedimentation, erosion, and changes in sea level over time. Currently, the estuary of the Bengawan Solo is in the Java Sea, but in prehistoric

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and Solo river could provide long-distance communication and this way their valleys supported the centers of major kingdoms. A system of roads, permanent bridges, and toll gates is thought to have been established in Java by at least the mid-17th century. Local powers could disrupt the routes as

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before the volcanic eruption which resulted in their interment, but population is difficult to approximate with certainty. This site is quite far from the north coast of Java Island, and it is not always easy to determine the position of the coastline in prehistoric times because of significant

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and terraces to support the growing population. Javan rice terraces have existed for more than a millennium and had supported ancient agricultural kingdoms. The growing human population has put severe pressure on Java's wildlife, as rainforests were diminished and confined to highland slopes or

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The area of Java is about 132,011.65 square kilometres (50,969.98 sq mi) (including Madura's 5,408.45 square kilometres (2,088.21 sq mi) and minor offshore islands). It is about 1,000 km (620 mi) long and up to 210 km (130 mi) wide. The island's longest

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Rizal, Yan; Westaway, Kira E.; Zaim, Yahdi; van den Bergh, Gerrit D.; Bettis, E. Arthur; Morwood, Michael J.; Huffman, O. Frank; Grün, Rainer; Joannes-Boyau, Renaud; Bailey, Richard M.; Sidarto; Westaway, Michael C.; Kurniawan, Iwan; Moore, Mark W.; Storey, Michael (18 December 2019).

3611:). The need to transport commercial produces such as coffee from plantations in the interior of the island to the harbour on the coast spurred the construction of railway networks in Java. Today, industry, business, trade and services flourished in major cities of Java, such as 3590:

Java has been Indonesia's most developed island since the Dutch East Indies era and continues to be so today in the modern Republic of Indonesia. The road transportation networks that have existed since ancient times were connected and perfected with the construction of

1213:, beginning 1.51 to 0.93 million years ago at the Sangiran site, continuing 540 to 430 thousand years ago at the Trinil site, and finally 117 to 108 thousand years ago at Ngandong. If the date is correct for Solo Man, then they would represent a terminal population of 1467:, led many of the kingdom's territorial conquests. Previous Javanese kingdoms had their power based on agriculture, however, Majapahit took control of ports and shipping lanes and became Java's first commercial empire. With the death of Hayam Wuruk and the 1277:

length of Java kept its interior regions and peoples separate and relatively isolated. Before the advent of Islamic states and European colonialism, the rivers provided the main means of communication, although Java's many rivers are mostly short. Only the

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British Occupation of Java; men of the Bengal Sappers and Miners burn houses in the village of Bekasi as a reprisal for the murder of five members of the Royal Air Force and twenty Maharatta riflemen whose Dakota transport aircraft crash-landed near the

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Java is almost entirely of volcanic origin; it contains 38 mountains forming an east–west spine that have at one time or another been active volcanoes. There are 112 volcanoes in all, 35 of which are active. The highest volcano in Java is Mount

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The western third of the island (West Java, Banten, and DKI Jakarta) has an even higher population density, of roughly 1,563 per square kilometre and accounts for most of the population growth of Java. It is home to three metropolitan areas,

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became the dominant power of central and eastern Java at the end of the 16th century. The principalities of Surabaya and Cirebon were eventually subjugated such that only Mataram and Banten were left to face the Dutch in the 17th century.

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Matsu’ura, Shuji; Kondo, Megumi; Danhara, Toru; Sakata, Sheik; Iwano, Hideki; Hirata, Takafumi; Kurniawan, Iwan; Setiyabudi, Erik; Takeshita, Yoshihiro; Hyodo, Masayuki; Kitaba, Ikuko; Sudo Masafumi; Danhara, Yugo; Aziz, Fachroel (2020).

3293: 2560:. Every region of the island has numerous volcanoes, with the people left to share the remaining flatter land. Because of this, many coasts are heavily populated and cities ring around the valleys surrounding volcanic peaks. 982:

to high altitude rainforest on the slopes of mountainous volcanic regions in the interior. The Javan environment and climate gradually alters from west to east; from wet and humid dense rainforest in western parts, to a dry

2873:, contemporary kings trace their lineages back to the pre-colonial Islamic kingdoms that ruled the region, making those places especially strong repositories of classical Javanese culture. Classic arts of Java include 2610:

Jakarta and its outskirts, being the dominant metropolis, is also home to people from all over the nation. East Java is also home to ethnic Balinese, as well as large numbers of Madurans due to their historic poverty.

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The average temperature ranges from 22 °C (72 °F) to 29 °C (84 °F); average humidity is 75%. The northern coastal plains are normally hotter, averaging 34 °C (93 °F) during the day in the

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Zaim, Yahdi; Ciochon, Russell L.; Polanski, Joshua M.; Grine, Frederick E.; Bettis, E. Arthur; Rizal, Yan; Franciscus, Robert G.; Larick, Roy R.; Heizler, Matthew; Aswan, null; Eaves, K. Lindsay; Marsh, Hannah E.

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in large numbers since the 18th century. The Javanese comprise about two-thirds of the island's population, while the Sundanese and Madurese account for 38% and 10% respectively. The fourth group is the

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aimed at resettling the population of Java on other less populated islands of Indonesia. This program has met with mixed results, sometimes causing conflicts between the locals and the recently arrived

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is said to mean "barley island", to be rich in gold, and have a silver town called Argyra at the west end. The name indicates Java and seems to be derived from the Sanskrit name Java-dvipa (Yavadvipa).

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is a famous contemporary Indonesian author, who has written many stories based on his own experiences of having grown up in Java, and takes many elements from Javanese folklore and historical legends.

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Despite its large population and in contrast to the other larger islands of Indonesia, Java is comparatively homogeneous in ethnic composition. Only two ethnic groups are native to the island—the

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The population growth rate more than doubled in economically depressed Central Java in the latest 2010–2020 period vs 2000–2010, indicative of migration or other issues; there were significant

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which sheltered in the last open-habitat refuges of East Asia before the rainforest takeover. Before the immigration of modern humans, Late Pleistocene Southeast Asia was also home to

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begins in November and ends in April. During that rain falls mostly in the afternoons and intermittently during other parts of the year. The wettest months are January and February.

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Many of the best known events in Indonesian history took place on Java. It was the centre of powerful Hindu-Buddhist empires, the Islamic sultanates, and the core of the colonial

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plant, which was said to be common in the island during the time, and that prior to Indianization the island had different names. There are other possible sources: the word

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preserved its royal legacy and has become the centre of art, culture and tourism. Industrial estates are also growing in towns on northern coast of Java, especially around

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in 78 AD. Although Aji Saka is said to be the bearer of civilization on Java, the story received several objections and rebuttals from other historical sources. Valmiki's

1050:. With over 450 bird species and 37 endemic species, Java is a birdwatcher's paradise. There are about 130 freshwater fish species in Java. There are also several endemic 3379:

Pre-Islamic Javan traditions have encouraged Islam in a mystical direction. There emerged in Java a loosely structured society of religious leadership, revolving around

1605: 1463:(r. 1350–89) it claimed sovereignty over the entire Indonesian archipelago, although control was likely limited to Java, Bali, and Madura. Hayam Wuruk's prime minister, 2884:

Java was the site of many influential kingdoms in the Southeast Asian region, and as a result, many literary works have been written by Javanese authors. These include

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during the earlier period. Approximately 45% of the population of Indonesia is ethnically Javanese, while Sundanese make a large portion of Java's population as well.

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of Dutch colonial rule including the imposed end to civil war in Java, the increase in the area under rice cultivation, and the introduction of food plants such as

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was the first Dutch contact with Indonesia. By the end of the 18th century the Dutch had extended their influence over the sultanates of the interior through the

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highlands of West Java receive over 4,000 millimetres (160 in) annually, while the north coast of East Java receives 900 millimetres (35 in) annually.

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highway networks was built and expanded since the New Order until the present day, connecting major urban centres and surrounding areas, such as in and around

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that could sustain populations that could not afford rice. Others attribute the growth to the taxation burdens and increased expansion of employment under the

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arrived in Eurasia approximately 1.8 million years ago, in an event considered to be the first African exodus. There is evidence that the Java population of

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were mainly dependent on rice agriculture, yet also pursued trade within the Indonesian archipelago, and with China and India. Majapahit was established by

730:), the Chinese called Java Chao-Wa, and the island was called She-po in the past. Sulaiman al-Tajir al-Sirafi mentioned two notable islands which separated 4524: 1576: 4279:

Pravitasari, Andrea Emma (24 September 2015). "STUDY ON IMPACT OF URBANIZATION AND RAPID URBAN EXPANSION IN JAVA AND JABODETABEK MEGACITY, INDONESIA".

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could the wet season and road use was highly dependent on constant maintenance. Consequently, communication between Java's population was difficult.

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in Western Java to Panarukan in East Java, served as a military supply route and was used in defending Java from British invasion. In 1811, Java was

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Hatley, R., Schiller, J., Lucas, A., Martin-Schiller, B., (1984). "Mapping cultural regions of Java" in: Other Javas away from the kraton. pp. 1–32.

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times, the river flow and estuary location may have changed. Geological and paleogeographic studies are often used to understand these changes.

6745: 6341: 1074:, but both have been rendered extinct. Today, several national parks exist in Java that protect the remnants of its fragile wildlife, such as 128: 5912: 5882: 5518: 5235: 5172: 5126: 5066: 4350: 4150: 3961: 4986:. Jakarta : Indonesian Institute of Sciences, : International Center for Prehistoric and Austronesian Studies. 2006. p. 407. 4810:"The Oldest Gibbon Fossil (Hylobatidae) from Insular Southeast Asia: Evidence from Trinil, (East Java, Indonesia), Lower/Middle Pleistocene" 3572:. In the 19th and early 20th century, Javanese coffee gained global popularity. Thus, the name "Java" today has become a synonym for coffee. 6735: 5963: 4458: 4388: 3475:, etc. Their total membership is difficult to estimate as many of their adherents identify themselves with one of the official religions. 6391: 6346: 5473: 1711:

in the 1940s. However, other sources claimed the Dutch's Cultivation system is linked to famines and epidemics in the 1840s, firstly in

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lived surrounded by students, who took care of their master's daily needs. Resi's authorities were merely ceremonial. At the courts,

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information, the Javanese kingdom was divided into two: the pre-Hinduism kingdom and the post-Hindu kingdom, which began in 78 AD.

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which states that Java had a kingdom with a capital called Nagapuram. Another source states that the word "Java" is derived from a

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isolated peninsulas. Some of Java's endemic species are now critically endangered, with some already extinct; Java used to have

6609: 5956: 5751: 3996: 3978: 517:'s 5,408.45 square kilometres (2,088.21 sq mi)). A chain of volcanic mountains is the east–west spine of the island. 3261:) became the new religious elite as Hindu influences receded. Islam recognises no hierarchy of religious leaders nor a formal 1691:

to which couples responded by having more children in the hope of increasing their families ability to pay tax and buy goods.

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Judging by the sheer number of specimens deposited at Ngandong at the same time, there may have been a sizeable population of

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in the 19th century. During these colonial times, the Dutch introduced the cultivation of commercial plants in Java, such as

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surrounded by rice fields. Java's volcanic topography and rich agricultural lands are the fundamental factors in its history.

860: 5414: 2894:, the story of the orphan who usurped his king, and married the queen of the ancient Javanese kingdom; and translations of 662:. It was hence referred to in India by the Sanskrit name "yāvaka dvīpa" (dvīpa = island). Java is mentioned in the ancient 6730: 2552: 1753: 1728: 1611:

Java's major role during the early part of the colonial period was as a producer of rice. In spice-producing islands like

444: 4488: 1237:, the Philippines. Genetic analysis of present-day Southeast Asian populations indicates the widespread dispersal of the 466:

during the 1930s and 1940s. Java dominates Indonesia politically, economically and culturally. Four of Indonesia's eight

6113: 4181: 3706:), Java alone contributes around 60% of Indonesia's GDP or equivalent to US$ 686 billion (int$ 2.0 trillion, PPP). 3579: 2775:

brought to or attracted to Batavia to meet labour needs. They have a culture and language distinct from the surrounding

1837: 1480: 1468: 604: 506: 249: 3399:. There were often sharp divisions between orthodox kyais, who merely instructed in Islamic law, with those who taught 6309: 6076: 5487: 5361: 3447:

A wider effect of this division is the number of sects. In the middle of 1956, the Department of Religious Affairs in

763: 20: 1501: 576:(the official language of Indonesia) as their first or second language. While the majority of the people of Java are 5534: 1551:

Islam became the dominant religion in Java at the end of the 16th century. During this era, the Islamic kingdoms of

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Around the 10th century, the center of power shifted from central to eastern Java. The eastern Javanese kingdoms of

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that was founded in central Java at the beginning of the 8th century. Mataram's religion centered on the Hindu god

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Since ancient times, people have opened the rainforest, altered the ecosystem, shaped the landscapes and created

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and those who sought to reform Islam with modern scientific concepts. As a result, there is a division between

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region, a cultural mingling occurred; bringing together Javanese culture and Sundanese culture to create the

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Java's mountains and highlands split the interior into a series of relatively isolated regions suitable for

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Le carrefour javanais. Essai d'histoire globale (The Javanese Crossroads: Towards a Global History) vol. 2

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Kewarganegaraan, Suku Bangsa, Agama, dan Bahasa Sehari-Hari Penduduk Indonesia: Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2010

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and practice. The kyais are the principal intermediaries between the villages masses and the realm of the

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by Chinese ceramics found on the island dated to that period. Java also took part in the global trade of

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reported 63 religious sects in Java other than the official Indonesian religions. Of these, 35 were in

3227:, strengthened the status structure of this traditional religious pattern. More than 98 percent of the 859:

cultivation; the rice lands of Java are among the richest in the world. Java was the first place where

5261:"Indonesia (Urban City Population): Provinces & Cities – Statistics & Maps on City Population" 1326:, made around 500 BC, records that Java already had a governmental organization long before the story: 6516: 6166: 5988: 5845: 4823: 4723: 4660: 4575: 3901: 3745: 3699: 3599:

in the early 19th century. It became the backbone of Java's road infrastructure and laid the base of

2620: 1556: 930:. The south coast is generally cooler than the north, and highland areas inland are even cooler. The 463: 6644: 6614: 4392: 3951: 3813: 3604: 3345: 2979: 2955: 2862: 2094: 1601: 971: 967: 747: 686: 673: 573: 47: 5121:. Pnerbit Buku Kompas, PT Kompas Media Nusantara, Jakarta Indonesia. November 2008. pp. 1–2. 5104: 625:

The origins of the name "Java" are not clear. The island could possibly have been named after the

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established an elaborate rank order for mosque and other Islamic preaching schools. In Javanese

2607:. Nevertheless, it has caused Java's share of the nation's population to progressively decline. 2134: 5558: 5386:

Usia Kawin Pertama Rata-Rata Wanita Menurut Provinsi: Sensus Penduduk Tahun 1990, 2000 dan 2010

2222: 2006: 6511: 6245: 5908: 5878: 5795: 5719: 5514: 5470: 5231: 5168: 5122: 5062: 5014: 5008: 4987: 4939: 4899: 4891: 4851: 4790: 4688: 4593: 4346: 4212: 4146: 4083: 4016: 4010: 3957: 3930: 3830: 3690: 3549: 3518: 3396: 2975: 2959: 2939: 2931: 2866: 2756: 1581: 1564: 1355:, the Javanese kingdom was founded in 65 BC, or 143 years before the story of Aji Saka began. 1219: 1035: 958: 785: 731: 580:, Java's population comprises people of diverse religious beliefs, ethnicities, and cultures. 537: 529: 521: 459: 308: 300: 56: 5225: 2852:

in the east and encompasses Indonesia's most fertile and densely populated agricultural land.

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Population density of Java and Madura by subdistrict as of 2022, with major urban areas shown

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The emergence of civilization on the island of Java is often associated with the arrival of

1023: 1011: 995: 953: 817: 549: 494: 479: 475: 321: 313: 5615: 1928: 1615:, rice was regularly imported from Java, to supply the deficiency in means of subsistence. 1600:

was confined to Malacca and to the eastern islands. In 1596, a four-ship expedition led by

1141: 6465: 6314: 6288: 6156: 6141: 5813: 5602: 5477: 5392: 4708: 4564:"Age control of the first appearance datum for Javanese Homo erectus in the Sangiran area" 4188: 3592: 3522: 3433: 3429: 3364: 2943: 2923: 2787: 2780: 2748: 2736: 2732: 2695: 2687: 2652: 2572: 1648: 1628: 1552: 1406: 1351: 1229: 1039: 1019: 848:, 3,676 metres (12,060 ft). The most active volcano in Java and also in Indonesia is 769: 727: 553: 545: 533: 513:

by landmass, at about 132,011.65 square kilometres (50,969.98 sq mi) (including

384: 330: 296: 76: 5188: 4310: 2839:. Madura makes up a fifth area having close cultural ties with coastal eastern Java. The 5938: 5098: 4827: 4727: 4664: 4632: 4579: 6699: 6689: 6604: 6535: 6273: 6237: 6217: 6212: 5901: 5143: 4872:"New 1.5 million-year-old Homo erectus maxilla from Sangiran (Central Java, Indonesia)" 4846: 4809: 4785: 4760: 4109:. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama. An Indonesian translation of Lombard, Denys (1990). 3872: 3825: 3737: 3531: 3304: 3116: 3021: 2963: 2951: 2947: 2768: 2712: 2628: 1660: 1444: 1405:

sent embassies to China starting in 640. However, the first major principality was the

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kingdoms of western Java appeared in the 4th and 7th centuries respectively, while the

1071: 1031: 864: 663: 626: 116: 4683: 4648: 4257: 6720: 6714: 6659: 6471: 6450: 6371: 6268: 6227: 6061: 6046: 5355:"Estimasi Penduduk Menurut Umur Tunggal Dan Jenis Kelamin 2014 Kementerian Kesehatan" 4605: 4296: 3495: 3476: 3407:, who believe that they are more orthodox in their Islamic belief and practice, with 3176:

penetrating deeply into society, blending with indigenous tradition and culture. One

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Japanese prepare to discuss surrender terms with British-allied forces in Java, 1945.

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environment in the east, corresponding to the climate and rainfall in these regions.

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forest on the north coast, rocky coastal cliffs on the southern coast, and low-lying

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volcano, then flows north and eastward to its mouth in the Java Sea near the city of

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Cathay and the way thither: being a collection of medieval notices of China vol. III

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lived in an ever-wet forest habitat. More specifically the environment resembled a

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root word, meaning "home". The great island of Iabadiu or Jabadiu was mentioned in

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means barley, a plant for which the island was famous. "Yavadvipa" is mentioned in

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is to the south. It is the world's 13th largest island. Java is surrounded by the

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to the north. With a population of 156.4 million people, Java is the world's

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The annual news of Songshu and Liangshu (5th century CE) referred to Java as 闍婆 (

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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This article is about the Indonesian island. For the programming language, see

6569: 6525: 6435: 6128: 5871: 5755: 5643: 5619: 5583: 5562: 4935: 4920:"Last appearance of Homo erectus at Ngandong, Java, 117,000–108,000 years ago" 4314: 4035:

Hindu culture in ancient India by Sekharipuram Vaidyanatha Viswanatha, p. 177.

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considered as an allegory of the entry of Indians into Java. Referring to the

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was the last population of a long occupation history of the island of Java by

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shot in 1934 in West Java. Today only small numbers of Javan rhino survive in

931: 927: 899: 895: 878: 490: 325: 88: 4968:

Rekonstruksi Sedjarah Indonesia. Zaman Hindu, Yavadvipa, Srivijaya, Sailendra

4943: 4895: 2723:, mostly descended from various Indonesian archipelago ethnic groups such as 143: 130: 6529: 6207: 6118: 6103: 4871: 4736: 4673: 4588: 4563: 3731: 3664: 3644: 3632: 3553: 3526: 3460: 3456: 3400: 3271: 2918: 2890: 2870: 2703: 2679: 2663: 2388: 2216: 2000: 1846: 1819: 1763: 1733: 1452: 1437: 1433: 1382: 1131: 938: 852:, 2,930 metres (9,610 ft). In total, Java has more than 150 mountains. 798: 620: 596: 588: 510: 432: 352: 264: 254: 239: 217: 6629: 4903: 4855: 4794: 4597: 4288: 4113:. Paris: Éditions de l'École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales. p. 12. 3575: 3417:

and Hindu-Indian concepts with a superficial acceptance of Islamic belief.

2800:

Four major cultural areas exist on the island: the central part of Java or

2659: 1667:

was appointed as the island's governor. In 1816, under the governorship of

1265: 658:'s army, dispatched his men to Yavadvipa, the island of Java, in search of 5907:. London and Honolulu: RoutledgeCurzon Press, University of Hawaii Press. 5145:

The Coins And Tokens of the Possessions And Colonies of the British Empire

4692: 3395:. However, this very looseneess of kyai leadership structure has promoted 1719:, as cash crops such as indigo and sugar had to be grown instead of rice. 1290: 1006:

Javan wildlife originally supported a rich biodiversity, where numbers of

990: 100: 6694: 6574: 6564: 6554: 6481: 6194: 6031: 5948: 5942: 5605:. Other sources may list some of these as dialects rather than languages. 5035:

Notes on the Malay Archipelago and Malacca, Compiled from Chinese Sources

4814: 3867: 3684: 3680: 3660: 3652: 3620: 3616: 3596: 3503: 3437: 3384: 3331: 3201: 3173: 3169: 3136: 3126: 3041: 3031: 2922:

Languages spoken in Java (Javanese is shown in white). "Malay" refers to

2896: 2886: 2752: 2675: 2580: 2228: 2100: 1850: 1832: 1429: 1426: 1323: 1319: 1204: 1178: 1160: 1007: 975: 903: 821: 739: 647: 636: 440: 4619:

Pope, G. G. (1988). "Recent advances in far eastern paleoanthropology".

3491: 1413:, and the kingdom produced some of Java's earliest Hindu temples on the 1163:", dating back 1.3 million years were found along the banks of the 6559: 6455: 6108: 6041: 6013: 5992: 5701: 4540: 4511:

Freshwater finfish biodiversity and conservation: an asian perspective.

3676: 3672: 3668: 3640: 3636: 3624: 3612: 3569: 3414: 3409: 3383:, possessing various degrees of proficiency in pre-Islamic and Islamic 3284: 3245: 3240: 3228: 3193: 2874: 2797:) explained the mythical origin of the island and its volcanic nature. 2716: 2604: 2595: 2588: 2535:, which is reflected through the demographic diversity in those areas. 2532: 2528: 2384: 2264: 2012: 1823: 1814: 1744:

was centered in Java. In 1949, Indonesian independence was recognized.

1712: 1692: 1680: 1335: 1182: 1123: 1015: 984: 867:

is grown on the Ijen Plateau by small-holders and larger plantations.

805: 755: 723: 681: 651: 600: 577: 452: 234: 4983:

Archaeology: Indonesian Perspective : R. P. Soejono's Festschrift

4776: 4461:. EDGE Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered. Archived from 1647:

administration, as French proxy rule on Java, the construction of the

6679: 6664: 6639: 6460: 6440: 6093: 5851:

PDRB Atas Dasar Harga Berlaku Menurut Pengeluaran (Juta Rupiah), 2021

3656: 3648: 3583: 3561: 3557: 3388: 3368: 3327: 3262: 3251: 2878: 2857:

In the southwestern part of Central Java, which is usually named the

2849: 2576: 2294: 1934: 1922: 1885: 1809: 1805: 1636: 1224: 1135: 845: 813: 584: 514: 467: 361: 229: 203: 5693: 1588:

Java's contact with the European colonial powers began in 1522 with

762:

for a few months, which he said had many elephants and was led by a

544:

are the most spoken. The ethnic groups native to the island are the

2380: 1736:

nationalism first took hold in Java in the early 20th century, and

6674: 6501: 6036: 3689: 3574: 3534: 3490: 3472: 3312: 3300: 3232: 3224: 3209: 3205: 3096: 3001: 2917: 2658: 2643: 2632: 2542: 2379: 1697: 1684: 1652: 1617: 1575: 1410: 1386: 1376: 1264: 1234: 1191: 1140: 1117: 989: 952: 891: 869: 789: 759: 743: 735: 643: 3990: 3988: 3687:. In addition to these motorways, Java has 16 national highways. 3444:. The Indonesian constitution recognises six official religions. 6174: 6051: 6021: 5680:

van der Kroef, Justus M. (1961). "New Religious Sects in Java".

4533:

Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1

4053:

The Tamils Eighteen Hundred Years Ago by V. Kanakasabhai, p. 11.

3514: 3440:

communities also exist in the major cities, primarily among the

3257: 3236: 3213: 2764: 2671: 2667: 2408: 1186: 809: 773: 659: 655: 6387: 5952: 5167:(4th ed.). Singapore: Monsoon Books Pte Ltd. p. 229. 5100:

The Indian Archipelago: its history and present state, Volume 1

5084:

The Globe Encompassed: The Age of European Discovery, 1500–1700

4232: 1432:. This ancient kingdom built monuments such as the 9th century 742:

long Al-Rami, which is identified as Sumatra, and the other is

5814:"Why is Coffee Called Java? | Coffee Facts & History" 3698:

Based on the statistical data by the year of 2021 released by

3565: 1484: 3929:(in Indonesian). Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik. p. 47. 3780: 3537:

from ancient times in the Majapahit era, until well into the

3208:

enclaves are scattered throughout Java, but there is a large

2804:

is the Javanese people heartland and the north coast of the

2403: 1481:

Spread of Islam in Indonesia § Central and eastern Java

941:, and mountainous regions receive much higher rainfall. The 710:), He-ling (640–818), then called it She-po again until the 4125:

Ying-yai Sheng-lan: The Overall Survey of the Ocean Shores

3804: 3786: 966:

Java is an island with a large amount of biodiversity. The

5777:"Why Is Coffee Called "A Cup of Joe"? | Wonderopolis" 5716:

Varieties of Javanese Religion: An Anthropological Account

3795: 3777: 3424:

communities, mostly in the larger cities, primarily among

750:: Sabak), 400 farsakh in length, identified as Java. When 4808:

Ingicco, Thomas; de Vos, John; Huffman, O. Frank (2014).

4761:"Geriatric issues from the standpoint of human evolution" 3798: 3483:

religion, its adherents still exist in several villages.

3432:

even some rural areas of south-central Java are strongly

3243:(respectively 1% and 0.2%), on a broad continuum between 1671:, Java was returned to the Dutch as per the terms of the 898:. The river rises from its source in central Java at the 5061:. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press. 4699:

Whitten, T.; Soeriaatmadja, R. E.; Suraya A. A. (1996).

4639:

Whitten, T.; Soeriaatmadja, R. E.; Suraya A. A. (1996).

4434:"Central Java rainy season to peak in January, February" 2702:

off the northeast coast of Java, and have immigrated to

568:

in the capital city of Jakarta are hybrids from various

5796:"Why is Coffee Called Java? Colloquial Coffee Synonyms" 5227:

Encyclopedia of Pestilence, Pandemics, and Plagues: A-M

4744:

Whitten, T; Soeriaatmadja, R. E.; Suraya A. A. (1996).

2715:, they are the descendants of the people living around 2514:

Refers to the administrative region (including Madura).

635:

and its variations mean "beyond" or "distant". And, in

5119:

Ekspedisi Anjer-Panaroekan, Laporan Jurnalistik Kompas

489:

Java was formed by volcanic eruptions due to geologic

4643:. Hong Kong: Periplus Editions Ltd. pp. 309–312. 4407:"Climate, Weather, and Temperature of Java Indonesia" 4012:

History Of Ancient India (portraits Of A Nation), 1/e

1373:

History of Southeast Asia § Early historical era

4127:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 86. 4044:

Tamil Literature by M. S. Purnalingam Pillai, p. 46.

3801: 3783: 583:

Java is divided into four administrative provinces:

6545: 6421: 6302: 6259: 6236: 6193: 6165: 6127: 6084: 6012: 5752:"Growth and impact of the Dutch East India Company" 5586:" for an appreciative allusion to Javanese culture. 4182:

Two Eastern Christian sources on medieval Nusantara

3950:Stockdale, John Joseph; Bastin, John (2004-03-15). 3792: 3774: 2926:, the local dialect as one of Malay creole dialect. 1010:species of flora and fauna flourished; such as the 351: 346: 292: 284: 276: 271: 260: 225: 209: 199: 191: 181: 173: 159: 122: 112: 107: 35: 5900: 5870: 4513:Biodiversity & Conservation 15(11): 3543–3568. 4015:. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. January 30, 2010. 3627:; while some traditional Sultanate cities such as 2978:. The vast majority of the population also speaks 4970:. Yogyakarta: PT. Pertjetakan Republik Indonesia. 4106:Nusa Jawa: Silang Budaya, Bagian 2: Jaringan Asia 3352:, built in traditional Javanese multi-tiered roof 2865:culture. In the central Javanese court cities of 1738:the struggle to secure the country's independence 4748:. Hong Kong: Periplus Editions Ltd. p. 309. 4707:de Vos, J. P.; P. Y. Sondaar (9 December 1994). 4703:. Hong Kong: Periplus Editions Ltd. p. 309. 4391:. Jasa Tirta I Corporation. 2006. Archived from 3513:Initially the economy of Java relied heavily on 3200:(sacred literati) legitimised rulers and linked 39: 5877:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. 5103:. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans. p. 4336: 4334: 4332: 3609:Jalan Pantura, abbreviation from "Pantai Utara" 3283:. Students around him provided his needs, even 1651:was commenced in 1808. The road, spanning from 4208:Medieval Russia's epics, chronicles, and tales 2598:regime in 1998, the Indonesian government ran 1475:Spread of Islam and rise of Islamic sultanates 520:Four main languages are spoken on the island: 177:132,011.65 km (50,969.98 sq mi) 6399: 5964: 5504: 5502: 5500: 5498: 5496: 4509:Nguyen, T. T. T., and S. S. De Silva (2006). 4345:(2 ed.). London: MacMillan. p. 15. 4252: 4250: 3548:in the 17th century and was succeeded by the 2930:The three major languages spoken on Java are 714:(1271–1368), where they began mentioning 爪哇 ( 8: 5675: 5673: 5671: 5669: 5667: 5665: 5513:. Singapore: Periplus Editions. p. 58. 4649:"Evidence on the Age of the Asian Hominidae" 4193:Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 2394: 1245:or the hybrid lineages have since died out. 30: 5638: 5636: 5535:"Java and Cambodia | Boundless Art History" 5407:"Central Java strives to alleviate poverty" 3212:population along the eastern coast nearest 2755:, mixed with foreign ethnic groups such as 1519:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 1201:, which are typical of lowland rainforest. 766:; Saba may be his interpretation of She-bó. 6406: 6392: 6384: 5971: 5957: 5949: 5927:Humaniora Journal, Gadjah Mada University. 4765:Geriatrics & Gerontology International 4343:A History of Modern Indonesia since c.1300 3517:agriculture. Ancient kingdoms such as the 3204:cosmology to their political needs. Small 2719:from around the 17th century. Betawis are 2393: 1860: 470:world heritage sites are located in Java: 99: 87: 29: 5434: 5432: 5097:St. John, Horace Stebbing Roscoe (1853). 5049: 5047: 5045: 5043: 4845: 4835: 4784: 4735: 4682: 4672: 4587: 4459:"Javan Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus)" 3326:Mendut Vihara, a Buddhist monastery near 2651:music performance, featuring traditional 1539:Learn how and when to remove this message 572:. Most residents are bilingual, speaking 5313:. Biro Pusat Statistik. 1962. p. 5. 5165:Raffles and the British invasion of Java 4389:"Management of Bengawan Solo River Area" 2989: 1338:called the island Yabadiou or Sabadiou ( 235:Special Region of Jakarta 5737:Tempo: Indonesia's Weekly News Magazine 5310:Sensus Penduduk 1961 Republik Indonesia 5059:The Indianized States of Southeast Asia 3923:Naim, Akhsan; Syaputra, Hendry (2011). 3859: 3762: 3289: 2553:most populous major island in the world 1695:claimed 100,000 lives in Java in 1820. 1308:Standing warrior bronze figures, Java, 974:, with ecosystems ranging from coastal 395:question marks, boxes, or other symbols 383:This article contains letters from the 4535:. American Museum of Natural History. 4211:. New York: Dutton. pp. 345–347. 4136: 4134: 4000:. Oxford University Press, 1965, p. 3. 3982:. Oxford University Press, 1965, p. 2. 2950:dialect local to the Jakarta region), 5298:Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2024. 5289:Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. 3824: 1606:Dutch East India Company in Indonesia 548:in the central and eastern parts and 7: 6424:(38,610 sq mi) and greater 5440:"Population growth 'good for Papua'" 5280:Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. 5148:. London: Bernard Quaritch. p. 5033:Groeneveldt, Willem Pieter (1876). " 4487:. wildlifenews.co.uk. Archived from 1517:adding citations to reliable sources 863:was grown, starting in 1699. Today, 464:Indonesian struggle for independence 397: instead of Javanese characters. 5718:, Cambridge University Press 1999, 4709:"Dating hominid sites in Indonesia" 4633:10.1146/annurev.an.17.100188.000355 3255:(more modernist). Muslim scholars ( 3188:, who taught mystical practices. A 2974:(closely related to Madurese), and 455:, is on Java's northwestern coast. 447:, home to approximately 56% of the 5924:Java and The Making of The Nation. 3956:. Periplus Editions (HK) Limited. 2827:) in the western part of Java and 2594:From the 1970s to the fall of the 1592:between the Sunda kingdom and the 1261:After the arrival of modern humans 462:. Java was also the center of the 14: 6109:Special Capital Region of Jakarta 5854:. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik. 5794:says, CheLo (December 12, 2017). 3582:high-speed train passing through 3309:Pura Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta 3279:perpetuated the tradition of the 2942:. Other languages spoken include 1459:, and by the end of the reign of 1002:; it is the world's rarest rhino. 6528: 6075: 5937: 5873:Indonesia: Peoples and Histories 5448:. 23 August 2010. Archived from 5007:Kahler, H. (December 31, 1981). 4281:Geography, Environmental Science 4260:. WorldAtlas.com. 24 August 2021 3770: 3730: 3716: 3357: 3338: 3319: 3292: 3216:, especially around the town of 2970:(closely related to Sundanese), 2575:(with outlying areas of Greater 2221: 2133: 2093: 2005: 1967: 1927: 1853:, (which province also includes 1762: 1489: 1298: 1289: 404: 375: 6610:Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego 5644:"Visualisasi Data Kependudukan" 5057:(1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.). 4966:Sastropajitno, Warsito (1958). 2962:(closely related to Javanese), 1659:, becoming a possession of the 1471:, Majapahit went into decline. 6548:(7,722–38,610 sq mi) 5405:Agus Maryono (30 March 2009). 5224:Byrne, Joseph Patrick (2008). 4485:"Indonesia bird watching tour" 4171:. London: The Hakluyt Society. 4141:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (2011). 3544:The VOC set their foothold on 2982:, often as a second language. 1707:from the 1840s through to the 1580:Tea plantation in Java during 1417:. Around the 8th century, the 690:composed around 150 CE in the 1: 6746:Populated places in Indonesia 5903:Historical Atlas of Indonesia 5263:. City Population. 2010-05-01 4621:Annual Review of Anthropology 4432:Aqil, Ibnu (6 January 2023). 3413:, who have mixed pre-Islamic 2791: 1754:Public administration of Java 1729:Indonesian National Awakening 1309: 882: 6114:Special Region of Yogyakarta 5945:travel guide from Wikivoyage 5869:Taylor, Jean Gelman (2003). 5832:"Why is Coffee Called Java?" 5582:See Wallace Stevens's poem " 4888:10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.04.009 4837:10.1371/journal.pone.0099531 4746:The Ecology of Java and Bali 4701:The Ecology of Java and Bali 4641:The Ecology of Java and Bali 4205:Zenkovsky, Serge A. (1974). 4075:History of Ancient Geography 3904:. 21 January 2021. p. 9 3895:"Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2020" 2698:, who inhabit the island of 1838:Special Region of Yogyakarta 1469:coming of Islam to Indonesia 1349:According to Chinese record 451:. Indonesia's capital city, 250:Special Region of Yogyakarta 195:3,678 m (12067 ft) 6736:Islands of the Indian Ocean 6310:Special Region of Surakarta 5488:Central Intelligence Agency 5395:. Retrieved 16 August 2015. 5214:Taylor (2003), pp. 253–254. 4956:Ricklefs (1991), pp. 16–17. 4759:Matsubayashi, Kozo (2014). 4647:Pope, G. (15 August 1983). 4180:Braginsky, Vladimir. 1998. 4143:Majapahit Peradaban Maritim 3168:influences came first with 1864:Province or Special Region 1639:, as did its colony in the 1367:Hindu–Buddhist kingdoms era 599:, and two special regions, 21:Java (programming language) 6762: 5921:Padmo, Soegijanto (2000). 5740:. Arsa Raya Perdana. 2006. 5596:Languages of Java and Bali 5189:"Java (island, Indonesia)" 4876:Journal of Human Evolution 4145:. Suluh Nuswantara Bakti. 4080:Cambridge University Press 4072:J. Oliver Thomson (2013). 2618: 1797:Java is divided into four 1760: 1751: 1726: 1478: 1370: 1343: 1159:, popularly known as the " 783: 614: 570:ethnic groups in Indonesia 552:in the western parts. The 419:in this article correctly. 288:1,219/km (3157/sq mi) 18: 6523: 6333: 6073: 5986: 5800:www.littlecoffeeplace.com 5539:courses.lumenlearning.com 5023:– via Google Books. 4936:10.1038/s41586-019-1863-2 4523:Frost, Darrel R. (2021). 4025:– via Google Books. 3873:Dictionary.com Unabridged 3843: 3842: 3834: 3267:Dutch colonial government 3235:with very minority being 2817: 2513: 2421:— 2129:Yogyakarta Special Region 1963:Special Region of Jakarta 1815:Special Region of Jakarta 1801:and two special regions: 1643:. During the short-lived 1596:. After its failure, the 1425:and become the patron of 1233:endemic to the island of 1223:endemic to the island of 1206:H. e. soloensis 1054:, including 5 species of 1052:amphibian species in Java 962:- typical orchid in Java. 937:West Java is wetter than 906:. Other major rivers are 472:Ujung Kulon National Park 214: 98: 86: 5648:Ministry of Home Affairs 5230:. ABC-CLIO. p. 99. 5037:". Batavia: W. Bruining. 4527:Rhacophorus margaritifer 4341:Ricklefs, M. C. (1990). 4165:Yule, Sir Henry (1913). 3751:List of monarchs of Java 3539:Dutch East India Company 3089:Religion in Java (2023) 2786:The Javanese prose text 2711:that speak a dialect of 1250:H. e soloensis 1145:Cast of Skull XI at the 894:is the 600 km long 435:. It is bordered by the 6741:Maritime Southeast Asia 6415:World's largest islands 6027:Bangka Belitung Islands 5509:Hefner, Robert (1997). 5193:Encyclopædia Britannica 5082:Ames, Glenn J. (2008). 4737:10.1126/science.7992059 4674:10.1073/pnas.80.16.4988 4589:10.1126/science.aau8556 3371:, built in traditional 3275:(Islamic schools), The 3249:(more traditional) and 2848:in the west through to 2833:eastern salient of Java 2694:. A third group is the 2600:transmigration programs 2256:Region Administered as 1657:captured by the British 816:lies to the north, and 754:returned from China to 558:Eastern salient of Java 484:Sangiran Early Man Site 6655:Prince of Wales Island 5980:Provinces of Indonesia 5899:Cribb, Robert (2000). 5325:"Statistics Indonesia" 5250:Taylor (2003), p. 254. 5205:Taylor (2003), p. 253. 5163:Hannigan, Tim (2012). 5142:Atkins, James (1889). 4289:10.14989/doctor.k19347 4123:Mills, J.V.G. (1970). 3817: 3695: 3694:Java transport network 3608: 3587: 3510: 2927: 2831:as the heartland, the 2683: 2656: 2641: 2548: 2539:Population development 2525:Basuki Tjahaja Purnama 2391: 1703: 1624: 1585: 1390: 1332: 1273: 1253:geographical changes. 1153:Fossilised remains of 1150: 1138: 1003: 963: 886: 801: 646:'s earliest epic, the 347:Additional information 280:156,391,145 (mid 2023) 192:Highest elevation 164:Indonesian Archipelago 40: 23:. For other uses, see 6726:Greater Sunda Islands 6546:20,000–99,999 km 5846:Badan Pusat Statistik 5818:The Coffee Chronicler 4102:Lombard, Denys (2005) 3704:Badan Pusat Statistik 3693: 3601:Java North Coast Road 3578: 3494: 3373:Javanese architecture 2921: 2908:Pramoedya Ananta Toer 2662: 2647: 2636: 2615:Ethnicity and culture 2546: 2395:Historical population 2383: 1701: 1621: 1594:Portuguese in Malacca 1582:Dutch colonial period 1579: 1380: 1334:The Greek geographer 1328: 1268: 1147:Hall of Human Origins 1144: 1126:fossils of Java Man ( 1121: 993: 956: 873: 793: 505:in the world and the 449:Indonesian population 439:to the south and the 429:Greater Sunda Islands 168:Greater Sunda Islands 144:7.49167°S 110.00444°E 25:Java (disambiguation) 6731:Islands of Indonesia 6167:Lesser Sunda Islands 4082:. pp. 316–317. 3994:Raffles, Thomas E.: 3976:Raffles, Thomas E.: 3902:Statistics Indonesia 3746:History of Indonesia 3700:Statistics Indonesia 3593:Java Great Post Road 3303:shrine dedicated to 2621:Culture of Indonesia 2297:Island of East Java 1563:were ascendant. The 1513:improve this section 1344:Ιαβαδίου or Σαβαδίου 1220:H. floresiensis 1096:Bromo Tengger Semeru 1032:Javan silvery gibbon 445:most populous island 6615:Axel Heiberg Island 5999:) • 5559:"Theatre and dance" 5417:on 8 September 2015 4828:2014PLoSO...999531I 4728:1994Sci...266.1726D 4722:(16): 4, 988–4992. 4665:1983PNAS...80.4988P 4659:(16): 4, 988–4992. 4580:2020Sci...367..210M 4413:on 3 September 2019 3675:; also the ones in 3346:Masjid Gedhe Kauman 3287:around the school. 2841:kejawen of Javanese 2795: 15th century 2396: 2376:Demographic profile 2169:Central Java Region 1709:Japanese occupation 1602:Cornelis de Houtman 1598:Portuguese presence 1584:, in or before 1926 1165:Bengawan Solo River 1080:Mount Halimun-Salak 972:tropical rainforest 968:natural environment 949:Natural environment 758:, he stayed at the 674:Chithalai Chathanar 503:13th largest island 149:-7.49167; 110.00444 140: / 32: 16:Island in Indonesia 6625:Southampton Island 6261:Western New Guinea 6223:Southeast Sulawesi 6185:East Nusa Tenggara 6180:West Nusa Tenggara 6137:Central Kalimantan 6005:under construction 5682:Far Eastern Survey 5650:. 31 December 2023 5601:2017-02-16 at the 5483:The World Factbook 5476:2021-04-13 at the 5391:2015-06-29 at the 5367:on 8 February 2014 5195:. 31 January 2019. 4541:10.5531/db.vz.0001 4491:on 9 February 2012 4465:on 8 November 2017 4195:. 154(3): 367–396. 4187:2021-05-20 at the 3696: 3588: 3511: 3442:Chinese Indonesian 3426:Chinese Indonesian 3180:for this were the 3147:Aliran Kepercayaan 3052:Aliran Kepercayaan 2928: 2684: 2657: 2642: 2565:volcanic eruptions 2549: 2392: 1704: 1689:Cultivation System 1625: 1586: 1391: 1274: 1230:H. luzonensis 1151: 1149:, Washington, D.C. 1139: 1004: 964: 887: 824:to the north, the 804:Java lies between 802: 772:, a merchant from 752:John of Marignolli 678:Proto-Austronesian 560:are migrants from 261:Largest settlement 200:Highest point 93:Topography of Java 6708: 6707: 6381: 6380: 6342:Current governors 5914:978-0-8248-2111-1 5884:978-0-300-10518-6 5834:. April 12, 2016. 5646:(in Indonesian). 5520:978-962-593-244-6 5452:on 24 August 2010 5237:978-0-313-34102-1 5174:978-981-4358-85-9 5128:978-979-709-391-4 5068:978-0-8248-0368-1 5013:. Brill Archive. 4930:(7790): 381–385. 4777:10.1111/ggi.12224 4574:(6474): 210–214. 4529:(Schlegel, 1837)" 4367:"About Indonesia" 4352:978-0-333-57690-8 4152:978-602-9346-00-8 3963:978-962-8734-23-8 3900:(in Indonesian). 3550:Dutch East Indies 3519:Kingdoms of Sunda 3479:is a traditional 3082: 3081: 2520: 2519: 2387:, the capital of 2364: 2363: 1795: 1794: 1565:Mataram Sultanate 1549: 1548: 1541: 1440:in central Java. 1419:Sailendra dynasty 1227:, Indonesia, and 959:Cymbidium dayanum 861:Indonesian coffee 832:to the south and 828:to the west, the 786:Volcanoes of Java 746:(Arabic: الزابج, 738:: One is the 800 460:Dutch East Indies 413:rendering support 391:rendering support 371: 370: 267:(pop. 49,956,890) 6753: 6670:Vancouver Island 6600:Alexander Island 6538: 6533: 6532: 6477:Ellesmere Island 6408: 6401: 6394: 6385: 6303:Former provinces 6203:Central Sulawesi 6152:South Kalimantan 6147:North Kalimantan 6079: 5973: 5966: 5959: 5950: 5941: 5918: 5906: 5888: 5876: 5856: 5855: 5842: 5836: 5835: 5828: 5822: 5821: 5820:. July 30, 2021. 5810: 5804: 5803: 5791: 5785: 5784: 5781:wonderopolis.org 5773: 5767: 5766: 5764: 5762: 5748: 5742: 5741: 5732: 5726: 5714:Beatty, Andrew, 5712: 5706: 5705: 5677: 5660: 5659: 5657: 5655: 5640: 5631: 5630: 5628: 5626: 5612: 5606: 5593: 5587: 5580: 5574: 5573: 5571: 5569: 5555: 5549: 5548: 5546: 5545: 5531: 5525: 5524: 5506: 5491: 5468: 5462: 5461: 5459: 5457: 5445:The Jakarta Post 5436: 5427: 5426: 5424: 5422: 5413:. Archived from 5411:The Jakarta Post 5402: 5396: 5383: 5377: 5376: 5374: 5372: 5366: 5360:. Archived from 5359: 5351: 5345: 5344: 5342: 5340: 5331:. Archived from 5321: 5315: 5314: 5305: 5299: 5296: 5290: 5287: 5281: 5278: 5272: 5271: 5269: 5268: 5257: 5251: 5248: 5242: 5241: 5221: 5215: 5212: 5206: 5203: 5197: 5196: 5185: 5179: 5178: 5160: 5154: 5153: 5139: 5133: 5132: 5115: 5109: 5108: 5094: 5088: 5087: 5079: 5073: 5072: 5051: 5038: 5031: 5025: 5024: 5004: 4998: 4997: 4978: 4972: 4971: 4963: 4957: 4954: 4948: 4947: 4914: 4908: 4907: 4866: 4860: 4859: 4849: 4839: 4805: 4799: 4798: 4788: 4756: 4750: 4749: 4741: 4739: 4716:Science Magazine 4713: 4704: 4696: 4686: 4676: 4644: 4636: 4616: 4610: 4609: 4591: 4558: 4552: 4551: 4549: 4547: 4520: 4514: 4507: 4501: 4500: 4498: 4496: 4481: 4475: 4474: 4472: 4470: 4455: 4449: 4448: 4446: 4444: 4438:The Jakarta Post 4429: 4423: 4422: 4420: 4418: 4409:. Archived from 4403: 4397: 4396: 4385: 4379: 4378: 4376: 4374: 4363: 4357: 4356: 4338: 4327: 4326: 4324: 4322: 4307: 4301: 4300: 4276: 4270: 4269: 4267: 4265: 4254: 4245: 4244: 4242: 4240: 4235:. geography.name 4229: 4223: 4222: 4202: 4196: 4178: 4172: 4163: 4157: 4156: 4138: 4129: 4128: 4120: 4114: 4100: 4094: 4093: 4069: 4063: 4060: 4054: 4051: 4045: 4042: 4036: 4033: 4027: 4026: 4007: 4001: 3992: 3983: 3974: 3968: 3967: 3947: 3941: 3940: 3920: 3914: 3913: 3911: 3909: 3899: 3891: 3885: 3884: 3882: 3881: 3864: 3847: 3846: 3845: 3836: 3828: 3826:[ˈdʒawa] 3823: 3811: 3810: 3807: 3806: 3803: 3800: 3797: 3794: 3789: 3788: 3785: 3782: 3779: 3776: 3767: 3740: 3735: 3734: 3726: 3724:Indonesia portal 3721: 3720: 3719: 3463:. These include 3361: 3342: 3323: 3296: 3154: 3144: 3134: 3124: 3114: 3104: 3094: 2990: 2819: 2796: 2793: 2410: 2405: 2397: 2225: 2137: 2097: 2009: 1971: 1931: 1861: 1766: 1758: 1757: 1665:Stamford Raffles 1572:Colonial periods 1544: 1537: 1533: 1530: 1524: 1493: 1485: 1403:Kalingga Kingdom 1381:The 9th century 1345: 1311: 1302: 1293: 1024:Javan hawk-eagle 1012:Javan rhinoceros 884: 818:Christmas Island 808:to the west and 770:Afanasij Nikitin 722:). According to 495:Australian Plate 480:Prambanan Temple 476:Borobudur Temple 417:Sundanese script 408: 407: 379: 378: 155: 154: 152: 151: 150: 145: 141: 138: 137: 136: 133: 103: 91: 80: 69: 60: 51: 43: 33: 6761: 6760: 6756: 6755: 6754: 6752: 6751: 6750: 6711: 6710: 6709: 6704: 6685:Somerset Island 6620:Melville Island 6547: 6541: 6534: 6527: 6521: 6466:Victoria Island 6423: 6422:100,000 km 6417: 6412: 6382: 6377: 6376: 6329: 6315:Central Sumatra 6298: 6289:Southwest Papua 6255: 6232: 6189: 6161: 6157:West Kalimantan 6142:East Kalimantan 6123: 6080: 6071: 6008: 5982: 5977: 5934: 5915: 5898: 5895: 5893:Further reading 5885: 5868: 5865: 5860: 5859: 5844: 5843: 5839: 5830: 5829: 5825: 5812: 5811: 5807: 5793: 5792: 5788: 5775: 5774: 5770: 5760: 5758: 5750: 5749: 5745: 5734: 5733: 5729: 5713: 5709: 5694:10.2307/3024260 5679: 5678: 5663: 5653: 5651: 5642: 5641: 5634: 5624: 5622: 5616:"Ethnic groups" 5614: 5613: 5609: 5603:Wayback Machine 5594: 5590: 5581: 5577: 5567: 5565: 5557: 5556: 5552: 5543: 5541: 5533: 5532: 5528: 5521: 5508: 5507: 5494: 5478:Wayback Machine 5469: 5465: 5455: 5453: 5438: 5437: 5430: 5420: 5418: 5404: 5403: 5399: 5393:Wayback Machine 5384: 5380: 5370: 5368: 5364: 5357: 5353: 5352: 5348: 5338: 5336: 5323: 5322: 5318: 5307: 5306: 5302: 5297: 5293: 5288: 5284: 5279: 5275: 5266: 5264: 5259: 5258: 5254: 5249: 5245: 5238: 5223: 5222: 5218: 5213: 5209: 5204: 5200: 5187: 5186: 5182: 5175: 5162: 5161: 5157: 5141: 5140: 5136: 5129: 5117: 5116: 5112: 5096: 5095: 5091: 5081: 5080: 5076: 5069: 5053: 5052: 5041: 5032: 5028: 5021: 5006: 5005: 5001: 4994: 4980: 4979: 4975: 4965: 4964: 4960: 4955: 4951: 4916: 4915: 4911: 4868: 4867: 4863: 4807: 4806: 4802: 4758: 4757: 4753: 4743: 4711: 4706: 4698: 4646: 4638: 4618: 4617: 4613: 4560: 4559: 4555: 4545: 4543: 4522: 4521: 4517: 4508: 4504: 4494: 4492: 4483: 4482: 4478: 4468: 4466: 4457: 4456: 4452: 4442: 4440: 4431: 4430: 4426: 4416: 4414: 4405: 4404: 4400: 4387: 4386: 4382: 4372: 4370: 4365: 4364: 4360: 4353: 4340: 4339: 4330: 4320: 4318: 4309: 4308: 4304: 4278: 4277: 4273: 4263: 4261: 4256: 4255: 4248: 4238: 4236: 4231: 4230: 4226: 4219: 4204: 4203: 4199: 4189:Wayback Machine 4179: 4175: 4164: 4160: 4153: 4140: 4139: 4132: 4122: 4121: 4117: 4101: 4097: 4090: 4071: 4070: 4066: 4061: 4057: 4052: 4048: 4043: 4039: 4034: 4030: 4023: 4009: 4008: 4004: 3997:History of Java 3993: 3986: 3979:History of Java 3975: 3971: 3964: 3949: 3948: 3944: 3937: 3922: 3921: 3917: 3907: 3905: 3897: 3893: 3892: 3888: 3879: 3877: 3866: 3865: 3861: 3856: 3851: 3850: 3821: 3791: 3773: 3769: 3768: 3764: 3759: 3736: 3729: 3722: 3717: 3715: 3712: 3489: 3420:There are also 3375: 3365:Ganjuran Church 3362: 3353: 3343: 3334: 3324: 3315: 3297: 3163: 3162: 3161: 3160: 3152: 3150: 3142: 3140: 3132: 3130: 3122: 3120: 3112: 3110: 3102: 3100: 3092: 2988: 2916: 2794: 2788:Tantu Pagelaran 2653:Sundanese music 2631: 2617: 2585:Greater Bandung 2573:Greater Jakarta 2541: 2515: 2378: 2373: 2171:(2 areas above) 2170: 2043:(3 areas above) 2042: 1916: 1914: 1909: 1907: 1902: 1900: 1895: 1893: 1888: 1884: 1879: 1874: 1791: 1790: 1787: 1784: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1769: 1756: 1750: 1731: 1725: 1673:Treaty of Paris 1649:Great Post Road 1631:in Europe, the 1629:Napoleonic wars 1574: 1545: 1534: 1528: 1525: 1510: 1494: 1483: 1477: 1407:Mataram Kingdom 1389:in Central Java 1375: 1369: 1316: 1315: 1314: 1313: 1312:500 BC – 300 AD 1305: 1304: 1303: 1295: 1294: 1263: 1215:H. erectus 1211:H. erectus 1116: 1108: 1072:Javan elephants 1040:Java mouse-deer 1020:Javan warty pig 980:tropical forest 951: 788: 782: 760:Kingdom of Saba 654:, the chief of 623: 613: 422: 421: 420: 415:to display the 409: 405: 400: 399: 398: 389:Without proper 385:Javanese script 380: 376: 367: 338: 337:, Pendalungan), 329: 312: 253: 248: 243: 238: 233: 221: 166: 148: 146: 142: 139: 134: 131: 129: 127: 126: 94: 82: 81: 74: 70: 63: 61: 54: 52: 45: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6759: 6757: 6749: 6748: 6743: 6738: 6733: 6728: 6723: 6713: 6712: 6706: 6705: 6703: 6702: 6697: 6692: 6690:Kotelny Island 6687: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6667: 6662: 6657: 6652: 6647: 6642: 6637: 6632: 6627: 6622: 6617: 6612: 6607: 6605:Severny Island 6602: 6597: 6592: 6587: 6582: 6577: 6572: 6567: 6562: 6557: 6551: 6549: 6543: 6542: 6540: 6539: 6536:Islands portal 6524: 6522: 6520: 6519: 6514: 6509: 6504: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6469: 6463: 6458: 6453: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6433: 6427: 6425: 6419: 6418: 6413: 6411: 6410: 6403: 6396: 6388: 6379: 6378: 6375: 6374: 6369: 6364: 6359: 6354: 6352:GRP per capita 6349: 6344: 6338: 6334: 6331: 6330: 6328: 6327: 6317: 6312: 6306: 6304: 6300: 6299: 6297: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6281: 6276: 6274:Highland Papua 6271: 6265: 6263: 6257: 6256: 6254: 6253: 6248: 6242: 6240: 6238:Maluku Islands 6234: 6233: 6231: 6230: 6225: 6220: 6218:South Sulawesi 6215: 6213:North Sulawesi 6210: 6205: 6199: 6197: 6191: 6190: 6188: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6171: 6169: 6163: 6162: 6160: 6159: 6154: 6149: 6144: 6139: 6133: 6131: 6125: 6124: 6122: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6090: 6088: 6082: 6081: 6074: 6072: 6070: 6069: 6064: 6059: 6054: 6049: 6044: 6039: 6034: 6029: 6024: 6018: 6016: 6010: 6009: 5987: 5984: 5983: 5978: 5976: 5975: 5968: 5961: 5953: 5947: 5946: 5933: 5932:External links 5930: 5929: 5928: 5919: 5913: 5894: 5891: 5890: 5889: 5883: 5864: 5861: 5858: 5857: 5837: 5823: 5805: 5786: 5768: 5743: 5727: 5707: 5661: 5632: 5607: 5588: 5575: 5550: 5526: 5519: 5492: 5463: 5428: 5397: 5378: 5346: 5335:on 1 July 2013 5316: 5300: 5291: 5282: 5273: 5252: 5243: 5236: 5216: 5207: 5198: 5180: 5173: 5155: 5134: 5127: 5110: 5089: 5074: 5067: 5055:Coedès, George 5039: 5026: 5019: 4999: 4992: 4973: 4958: 4949: 4909: 4882:(4): 363–376. 4861: 4800: 4751: 4611: 4553: 4515: 4502: 4476: 4450: 4424: 4398: 4395:on 2007-10-11. 4380: 4358: 4351: 4328: 4317:. 23 June 2024 4302: 4271: 4246: 4224: 4217: 4197: 4173: 4158: 4151: 4130: 4115: 4095: 4088: 4064: 4055: 4046: 4037: 4028: 4021: 4002: 3984: 3969: 3962: 3953:Island of Java 3942: 3935: 3915: 3886: 3858: 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1365: 1307: 1306: 1297: 1296: 1288: 1287: 1286: 1285: 1284: 1262: 1259: 1115: 1109: 1107: 1104: 1084:Gede Pangrango 950: 947: 877:highland near 865:coffea arabica 781: 778: 728:Yingya Shenlan 612: 609: 427:is one of the 410: 403: 402: 401: 393:, you may see 381: 374: 373: 372: 369: 368: 366: 365: 357: 355: 349: 348: 344: 343: 294: 290: 289: 286: 282: 281: 278: 274: 273: 269: 268: 262: 258: 257: 227: 223: 222: 215: 212: 211: 210:Administration 207: 206: 201: 197: 196: 193: 189: 188: 185: 179: 178: 175: 171: 170: 161: 157: 156: 124: 120: 119: 117:Southeast Asia 114: 110: 109: 105: 104: 96: 95: 92: 84: 83: 38: 36: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6758: 6747: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6737: 6734: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6718: 6716: 6701: 6698: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6661: 6660:Yuzhny Island 6658: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6631: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6621: 6618: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6608: 6606: 6603: 6601: 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4804: 4801: 4796: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4778: 4774: 4771:(4): 731–34. 4770: 4766: 4762: 4755: 4752: 4747: 4738: 4733: 4729: 4725: 4721: 4717: 4710: 4702: 4694: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4666: 4662: 4658: 4654: 4650: 4642: 4634: 4630: 4626: 4622: 4615: 4612: 4607: 4603: 4599: 4595: 4590: 4585: 4581: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4557: 4554: 4542: 4538: 4534: 4530: 4528: 4519: 4516: 4512: 4506: 4503: 4490: 4486: 4480: 4477: 4464: 4460: 4454: 4451: 4439: 4435: 4428: 4425: 4412: 4408: 4402: 4399: 4394: 4390: 4384: 4381: 4368: 4362: 4359: 4354: 4348: 4344: 4337: 4335: 4333: 4329: 4316: 4312: 4306: 4303: 4298: 4294: 4290: 4286: 4282: 4275: 4272: 4259: 4258:"Java Island" 4253: 4251: 4247: 4234: 4228: 4225: 4220: 4214: 4210: 4209: 4201: 4198: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4183: 4177: 4174: 4170: 4169: 4162: 4159: 4154: 4148: 4144: 4137: 4135: 4131: 4126: 4119: 4116: 4112: 4108: 4107: 4099: 4096: 4091: 4089:9781107689923 4085: 4081: 4077: 4076: 4068: 4065: 4059: 4056: 4050: 4047: 4041: 4038: 4032: 4029: 4024: 4022:9788120749108 4018: 4014: 4013: 4006: 4003: 3999: 3998: 3991: 3989: 3985: 3981: 3980: 3973: 3970: 3965: 3959: 3955: 3954: 3946: 3943: 3938: 3936:9789790644175 3932: 3928: 3927: 3919: 3916: 3903: 3896: 3890: 3887: 3876:(Online). n.d 3875: 3874: 3869: 3863: 3860: 3853: 3840: 3832: 3827: 3819: 3815: 3809: 3766: 3763: 3756: 3752: 3749: 3747: 3744: 3743: 3739: 3733: 3728: 3725: 3714: 3709: 3707: 3705: 3701: 3692: 3688: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3674: 3670: 3666: 3662: 3658: 3654: 3650: 3646: 3642: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3610: 3606: 3602: 3598: 3594: 3585: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3571: 3567: 3563: 3559: 3555: 3551: 3547: 3542: 3540: 3536: 3533: 3528: 3524: 3520: 3516: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3497: 3496:Water buffalo 3493: 3486: 3484: 3482: 3478: 3477:Sunda Wiwitan 3474: 3470: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3445: 3443: 3439: 3435: 3431: 3428:and minority 3427: 3423: 3418: 3416: 3412: 3411: 3406: 3402: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3382: 3374: 3370: 3366: 3360: 3355: 3351: 3347: 3341: 3336: 3333: 3329: 3322: 3317: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3295: 3290: 3288: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3273: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3259: 3254: 3253: 3248: 3247: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3226: 3221: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3158: 3148: 3138: 3128: 3118: 3108: 3098: 3090: 3084: 3078: 3075: 3073: 3070: 3069: 3065: 3063: 3060: 3059: 3055: 3053: 3050: 3049: 3045: 3043: 3040: 3039: 3035: 3033: 3030: 3029: 3025: 3023: 3020: 3019: 3015: 3013: 3010: 3009: 3005: 3003: 3000: 2999: 2995: 2992: 2991: 2985: 2983: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2925: 2920: 2913: 2911: 2909: 2905: 2904: 2899: 2898: 2893: 2892: 2888: 2882: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2855: 2854: 2851: 2847: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2830: 2826: 2823: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2798: 2789: 2784: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2726: 2722: 2721:creole people 2718: 2714: 2710: 2709:Betawi people 2705: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2689: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2654: 2650: 2646: 2639: 2635: 2630: 2626: 2625:Music of Java 2622: 2614: 2612: 2608: 2606: 2601: 2597: 2592: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2568: 2566: 2561: 2559: 2554: 2545: 2538: 2536: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2512: 2508: 2505: 2502: 2501: 2497: 2494: 2491: 2490: 2486: 2483: 2480: 2479: 2475: 2472: 2469: 2468: 2464: 2461: 2458: 2457: 2453: 2450: 2447: 2446: 2442: 2439: 2436: 2435: 2431: 2428: 2425: 2424: 2420: 2417: 2414: 2413: 2407: 2402: 2399: 2398: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2375: 2370: 2368: 2366: 2359: 2356: 2353: 2350: 2347: 2344: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2331: 2330: 2329: 2328: 2324: 2321: 2318: 2315: 2312: 2309: 2306: 2303: 2301: 2296: 2293: 2292: 2291: 2290: 2286: 2283: 2280: 2277: 2274: 2271: 2268: 2266: 2263: 2261: 2259: 2255: 2254: 2250: 2247: 2244: 2241: 2238: 2235: 2232: 2230: 2227: 2224: 2220: 2218: 2215: 2214: 2211: 2208: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2191: 2188: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2174: 2172: 2167: 2166: 2162: 2159: 2156: 2153: 2150: 2147: 2144: 2142: 2139: 2136: 2132: 2130: 2127: 2126: 2122: 2119: 2116: 2113: 2110: 2107: 2104: 2102: 2099: 2096: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2078: 2075: 2073: 2070: 2068: 2065: 2063: 2060: 2058: 2055: 2053: 2050: 2048: 2046: 2044: 2041:Western Java 2039: 2038: 2034: 2031: 2028: 2025: 2022: 2019: 2016: 2014: 2011: 2008: 2004: 2002: 1999: 1998: 1994: 1991: 1988: 1985: 1982: 1979: 1976: 1973: 1970: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1960: 1956: 1953: 1950: 1947: 1944: 1941: 1938: 1936: 1933: 1930: 1926: 1924: 1921: 1920: 1912: 1905: 1898: 1891: 1887: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1869: 1866: 1863: 1862: 1856: 1855:Madura Island 1852: 1848: 1845: 1843: 1839: 1836: 1834: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1821: 1818: 1816: 1813: 1811: 1807: 1804: 1803: 1802: 1800: 1765: 1759: 1755: 1747: 1745: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1730: 1722: 1720: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1700: 1696: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1676: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1620: 1616: 1614: 1609: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1583: 1578: 1571: 1569: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1543: 1540: 1532: 1529:November 2022 1522: 1518: 1514: 1508: 1507: 1503: 1498:This section 1496: 1492: 1487: 1486: 1482: 1474: 1472: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1441: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1415:Dieng Plateau 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1388: 1384: 1379: 1374: 1366: 1364: 1362: 1361:Liang dynasty 1356: 1354: 1353: 1347: 1341: 1340:Ancient Greek 1337: 1331: 1327: 1325: 1321: 1301: 1292: 1283: 1280: 1279:Brantas river 1271: 1270:Mount Sumbing 1267: 1260: 1258: 1254: 1251: 1246: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1231: 1226: 1222: 1221: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1207: 1202: 1200: 1199: 1194: 1193: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1157: 1148: 1143: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1128:H. e. erectus 1125: 1120: 1113: 1110: 1105: 1103: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1064: 1059: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1048:Javan leopard 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1028:Javan peafowl 1025: 1021: 1017: 1016:Javan banteng 1013: 1009: 1001: 997: 992: 988: 986: 981: 977: 973: 969: 961: 960: 955: 948: 946: 944: 940: 935: 933: 929: 923: 921: 917: 913: 909: 905: 901: 897: 893: 880: 876: 872: 868: 866: 862: 858: 853: 851: 847: 841: 840:in the east. 839: 838:Madura Strait 835: 831: 827: 823: 819: 815: 812:to the east. 811: 807: 800: 796: 792: 787: 779: 777: 775: 771: 768: 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 726:'s book (the 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 705: 700: 697: 693: 689: 688: 683: 679: 675: 671: 670: 665: 661: 657: 653: 649: 645: 641: 638: 634: 630: 629: 622: 618: 617:Zabag kingdom 610: 608: 606: 602: 598: 594: 590: 586: 581: 579: 575: 571: 567: 563: 562:Madura Island 559: 555: 551: 547: 543: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 518: 516: 512: 508: 507:fifth largest 504: 500: 496: 492: 487: 485: 481: 477: 473: 469: 465: 461: 456: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 418: 414: 411:You may need 396: 392: 388: 386: 363: 359: 358: 356: 354: 350: 345: 341: 336: 332: 327: 323: 319: 315: 310: 306: 302: 298: 295: 293:Ethnic groups 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 270: 266: 263: 259: 256: 251: 246: 241: 236: 231: 228: 224: 220: 219: 213: 208: 205: 202: 198: 194: 190: 186: 184: 180: 176: 172: 169: 165: 162: 158: 153: 125: 121: 118: 115: 111: 106: 102: 97: 90: 85: 78: 73: 67: 58: 49: 42: 37:Native name: 34: 26: 22: 6595:Devon Island 6580:Banks Island 6507:Newfoundland 6497:North Island 6491: 6487:South Island 6367:Poverty rate 6335: 6323: 6251:North Maluku 6099:Central Java 6085: 6067:West Sumatra 6057:Riau Islands 6004: 5996: 5922: 5902: 5872: 5863:Bibliography 5850: 5840: 5826: 5817: 5808: 5799: 5789: 5780: 5771: 5759:. Retrieved 5746: 5736: 5730: 5715: 5710: 5688:(2): 18–25. 5685: 5681: 5652:. Retrieved 5623:. Retrieved 5610: 5591: 5578: 5566:. Retrieved 5553: 5542:. Retrieved 5538: 5529: 5510: 5481: 5466: 5454:. Retrieved 5450:the original 5443: 5419:. Retrieved 5415:the original 5410: 5400: 5381: 5369:. Retrieved 5362:the original 5349: 5337:. Retrieved 5333:the original 5328: 5319: 5309: 5303: 5294: 5285: 5276: 5265:. Retrieved 5255: 5246: 5226: 5219: 5210: 5201: 5192: 5183: 5164: 5158: 5144: 5137: 5118: 5113: 5099: 5092: 5083: 5077: 5058: 5029: 5010:Modern Times 5009: 5002: 4982: 4976: 4967: 4961: 4952: 4927: 4923: 4912: 4879: 4875: 4864: 4819: 4813: 4803: 4768: 4764: 4754: 4745: 4719: 4715: 4700: 4656: 4652: 4640: 4624: 4620: 4614: 4571: 4567: 4556: 4544:. Retrieved 4532: 4526: 4518: 4510: 4505: 4493:. Retrieved 4489:the original 4479: 4467:. Retrieved 4463:the original 4453: 4441:. Retrieved 4427: 4415:. Retrieved 4411:the original 4401: 4393:the original 4383: 4371:. Retrieved 4361: 4342: 4319:. Retrieved 4305: 4280: 4274: 4262:. Retrieved 4237:. Retrieved 4227: 4207: 4200: 4192: 4176: 4166: 4161: 4142: 4124: 4118: 4110: 4103: 4098: 4074: 4067: 4058: 4049: 4040: 4031: 4011: 4005: 3995: 3977: 3972: 3952: 3945: 3925: 3918: 3906:. Retrieved 3889: 3878:. Retrieved 3871: 3862: 3765: 3703: 3697: 3589: 3543: 3512: 3508:Central Java 3453:Central Java 3446: 3419: 3408: 3404: 3393:supernatural 3380: 3378: 3280: 3276: 3270: 3256: 3250: 3244: 3231:in Java are 3222: 3197: 3196:clerics and 3189: 3185: 3164: 3157:Confucianism 3088: 3083: 3076: 3071: 3062:Confucianism 3006:151,001,350 2929: 2901: 2895: 2885: 2883: 2856: 2853: 2840: 2824: 2821: 2808:region, the 2805: 2799: 2785: 2685: 2640:girl dancers 2609: 2593: 2579:and Greater 2569: 2562: 2551:Java is the 2550: 2521: 2371:Demographics 2367: 2365: 2357:152,330,432 2354:147,586,696 2351:132,987,827 2348:118,063,445 2332:Java Island 2284:156,391,145 2281:151,591,260 2278:136,610,590 2275:121,293,745 2257: 2209: 2204: 2199: 2194: 2189: 2184: 2179: 2168: 2089:Central Java 2081: 2076: 2071: 2066: 2061: 2056: 2051: 2040: 1829:Central Java 1796: 1789:2 Yogyakarta 1774:Central Java 1742:World War II 1732: 1723:Independence 1717:Central Java 1705: 1677: 1669:John Fendall 1626: 1610: 1587: 1550: 1535: 1526: 1511:Please help 1499: 1442: 1392: 1357: 1350: 1348: 1333: 1329: 1317: 1275: 1255: 1249: 1247: 1228: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1205: 1203: 1196: 1190: 1174: 1170: 1169: 1156:Homo erectus 1154: 1152: 1127: 1112:Homo erectus 1111: 1068:Javan tigers 1060: 1036:Javan lutung 1005: 965: 957: 936: 924: 888: 854: 850:Mount Merapi 842: 830:Indian Ocean 826:Sunda Strait 803: 767: 719: 715: 712:Yuan dynasty 707: 703: 701: 695: 692:Roman Empire 685: 667: 639: 632: 627: 624: 593:Central Java 582: 564:, while the 519: 501:. It is the 488: 457: 437:Indian Ocean 424: 423: 382: 285:Pop. density 272:Demographics 245:Central Java 216: 71: 6650:New Britain 6635:Spitsbergen 6284:South Papua 5371:20 February 3541:(VOC) era. 3500:rice fields 3459:and six in 3077:157,196,123 2903:Mahabharata 2829:Parahyangan 2655:instruments 2506:156,391,145 2495:151,591,262 2484:145,013,583 2473:136,610,590 2462:121,352,608 2451:107,581,306 2342:126,603.20 2269:132,011.65 2248:41,527,930 2245:40,665,696 2242:37,476,757 2239:34,765,993 2120:37,608,336 2117:36,516,035 2114:32,382,657 2111:31,223,258 2032:49,860,330 2029:48,274,160 2026:43,053,732 2023:35,724,093 1992:11,350,328 1989:10,562,088 1954:12,307,732 1951:11,904,562 1948:10,632,166 1849:, capital: 1840:, capital: 1831:, capital: 1822:, capital: 1808:, capital: 1641:East Indies 1633:Netherlands 1627:During the 1461:Hayam Wuruk 1092:Meru Betiri 1076:Ujung Kulon 1000:Ujung Kulon 996:Javan rhino 970:of Java is 943:Parahyangan 875:Parahyangan 834:Bali Strait 795:Mount Bromo 669:Manimekalai 499:Sunda Plate 160:Archipelago 147: / 135:110°00′16″E 123:Coordinates 6715:Categories 6570:Hispaniola 6446:Madagascar 6436:New Guinea 6320:East Timor 6294:West Papua 6129:Kalimantan 5756:Britannica 5620:Britannica 5563:Britannica 5544:2020-10-21 5267:2013-07-17 5020:9004061967 4993:9792624996 4546:6 February 4369:. Sucafina 4315:Britannica 4218:0525473637 3908:21 January 3880:2022-09-26 3854:References 3822:pronounced 3814:Indonesian 3629:Yogyakarta 3605:Indonesian 3498:ploughing 3449:Yogyakarta 3350:Yogyakarta 3265:, but the 3263:priesthood 3218:Banyuwangi 3107:Protestant 3026:1,677,824 3016:3,551,176 3012:Protestant 2980:Indonesian 2972:Kangeanese 2960:Tenggerese 2956:Banyumasan 2877:music and 2867:Yogyakarta 2863:Banyumasan 2859:Banyumasan 2837:Blambangan 2802:Yogyakarta 2757:Portuguese 2678:ballet at 2649:SambaSunda 2619:See also: 2558:Bangladesh 2440:91,269,528 2429:76,086,320 2418:63,059,575 2322:4,060,713 2319:4,004,564 2316:3,622,763 2313:3,230,300 2233:48,036.84 2205:41,344,825 2200:40,184,754 2195:35,840,148 2190:34,344,303 2160:3,736,489 2157:3,668,719 2154:3,457,491 2151:3,121,045 2141:Yogyakarta 2105:33,750.37 2077:73,518,390 2072:70,740,810 2067:63,293,685 2062:52,183,449 2017:37,040.04 1986:9,607,787 1983:8,361,079 1945:8,098,277 1913:Population 1906:Population 1899:Population 1892:Population 1883:Population 1842:Yogyakarta 1752:See also: 1740:following 1734:Indonesian 1663:, and Sir 1479:See also: 1465:Gajah Mada 1449:Singhasari 1423:Kedu Plain 1371:See also: 1239:Denisovans 1198:Indigofera 1175:H. erectus 1171:H. erectus 1100:Alas Purwo 1063:rice paddy 1056:tree frogs 1044:Javan rusa 932:wet season 928:dry season 896:Solo River 879:Buitenzorg 784:See also: 748:Indonesian 687:Geographia 615:See also: 605:Yogyakarta 574:Indonesian 497:under the 491:subduction 326:Cirebonese 309:Banyumasan 301:Tenggerese 277:Population 48:Indonesian 6585:Sri Lanka 6431:Greenland 6372:ISO codes 6208:Gorontalo 6119:West Java 6104:East Java 6001:Nusantara 5471:Indonesia 5456:30 August 5421:16 August 5329:Bps.go.id 4944:1476-4687 4896:1095-8606 4742:cited in 4697:cited in 4637:cited in 4627:: 43–77. 4606:210131393 4297:131526829 3839:Sundanese 3665:toll road 3645:Tangerang 3633:Surakarta 3554:sugarcane 3527:Majapahit 3481:Sundanese 3461:East Java 3457:West Java 3422:Christian 3415:animistic 3401:mysticism 3272:pesantren 3198:pudjangga 3184:, called 2993:Religions 2968:Bantenese 2936:Sundanese 2914:Languages 2891:Ken Dedes 2871:Surakarta 2818:ᮒᮒᮁ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ 2814:Sundanese 2777:Sundanese 2729:Sundanese 2704:East Java 2692:Sundanese 2680:Prambanan 2664:Lakshmana 2389:Indonesia 2307:5,408.45 2217:East Java 2180:36,921.02 2145:3,170.65 2052:47,053.79 2001:West Java 1939:9,352.77 1917:mid 2023 1910:mid 2023 1847:East Java 1820:West Java 1799:provinces 1786:1 Jakarta 1777:East Java 1771:West Java 1715:and then 1500:does not 1453:Majapahit 1438:Prambanan 1434:Borobudur 1385:Buddhist 1383:Borobudur 1132:Naturalis 939:East Java 885:1865–1872 799:East Java 780:Geography 621:Al-Wakwak 611:Etymology 597:East Java 589:West Java 550:Sundanese 542:Sundanese 526:Sundanese 511:Indonesia 433:Indonesia 353:Time zone 322:Bantenese 314:Sundanese 265:West Java 255:East Java 240:West Java 226:Provinces 218:Indonesia 183:Area rank 132:7°29′30″S 108:Geography 66:Sundanese 6695:Sardinia 6590:Tasmania 6575:Sakhalin 6565:Hokkaido 6555:Mindanao 6482:Sulawesi 6468:(Canada) 6336:Lists by 6324:de facto 6195:Sulawesi 6032:Bengkulu 5848:(2022). 5654:11 March 5599:Archived 5474:Archived 5389:Archived 4904:21783226 4856:24914951 4815:PLoS ONE 4795:25327904 4598:31919224 4185:Archived 3831:Javanese 3710:See also 3685:Surabaya 3681:Semarang 3661:Sidoarjo 3653:Karawang 3621:Semarang 3617:Surabaya 3597:Daendels 3504:Salatiga 3455:, 22 in 3438:Buddhist 3430:Javanese 3332:Magelang 3330:temple, 3285:peasants 3182:ascetics 3174:Buddhism 3170:Shaivism 3159:(0.013%) 3137:Hinduism 3127:Buddhism 3099:(96.06%) 3046:168,055 3042:Hinduism 3036:755,560 3032:Buddhism 2986:Religion 2976:Balinese 2940:Madurese 2932:Javanese 2897:Ramayana 2887:Ken Arok 2846:Banyumas 2781:Javanese 2753:Ambonese 2749:Makassar 2737:Balinese 2733:Javanese 2696:Madurese 2688:Javanese 2676:Ramayana 2605:settlers 2581:Sukabumi 2516:Source: 2229:Surabaya 2101:Semarang 1908:estimate 1870:Capital 1851:Surabaya 1833:Semarang 1645:Daendels 1635:fell to 1623:village. 1590:a treaty 1430:Buddhism 1427:Mahayana 1421:rose in 1352:Míng Shǐ 1324:Ramayana 1320:Aji Saka 1243:unviable 1179:savannah 1161:Java Man 1114:presence 976:mangrove 904:Surabaya 857:wet-rice 822:Java Sea 648:Ramayana 637:Sanskrit 628:jáwa-wut 554:Madurese 546:Javanese 538:Javanese 530:Madurese 522:Javanese 441:Java Sea 331:Madurese 297:Javanese 113:Location 57:Javanese 6700:Bananal 6560:Ireland 6517:Iceland 6456:Sumatra 6042:Lampung 6014:Sumatra 5997:current 5993:Jakarta 5989:Capital 5761:27 June 5702:3024260 5625:27 June 5568:27 June 5339:17 July 4847:4051846 4824:Bibcode 4786:4285791 4724:Bibcode 4693:6410399 4661:Bibcode 4576:Bibcode 4568:Science 4495:26 June 4469:26 June 4443:27 June 4417:1 April 4373:27 June 4321:27 June 4264:27 June 4239:27 June 3677:Cirebon 3673:Bandung 3669:Jakarta 3641:Cilegon 3637:Cirebon 3625:Bandung 3613:Jakarta 3570:quinine 3546:Batavia 3523:Mataram 3487:Economy 3469:Sumarah 3465:Kejawen 3410:abangan 3246:abangan 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