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It is necessary to have the stroked glyph available for some mathematical uses, and U+03D5 GREEK PHI SYMBOL is designed for this function. Prior to
Unicode version 3.0 (1998), the glyph assignments in the Unicode code charts were the reverse, and thus older fonts may still show a loopy form
1974:
In ordinary Greek text, the character U+03C6 φ is used exclusively, though this character has considerable glyphic variation, sometimes represented with a glyph more like the representative glyph shown for U+03C6 (φ, the "loopy" or "open" form), and less often with a glyph more like the
2035:, Unicode has a separate code point U+0278, LATIN SMALL LETTER PHI, because only the stroked glyph is considered correct in this use. It typically appears in a form adapted to a Latin typographic environment, with a more upright shape than normal Greek letters and with
1936:
1681:, is often erroneously referred to as "phi", and the diameter symbol is sometimes erroneously typeset as Φ. This symbol is used to indicate the diameter of a circular section; for example, "⌀14" means the diameter of the
1239:
1010:
528:
1078:
960:
1978:
Because
Unicode represents a character in an abstract way, the choice between glyphs is purely a matter of font design. While some Greek typefaces, most notably those in the
2141:
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2026:
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Intended for use in modern (monotonic) Greek texts. Used italicized in mathematical and technical contexts when the "straight-line" variant glyph is preferred.
1957:
1273:
774:) is used as a mathematical or scientific symbol. Some uses require the old-fashioned 'closed' glyph, which is separately encoded as the Unicode character
3011:
1156:
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565:
886:
1609:
2032:
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1505:
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824:
283:
971:
1966:
1613:
1501:
1246:
1242:
698:
2423:
2283:
1530:
is the apparent motion caused by the successive viewing of stationary objects, such as the frames of a motion picture.
1083:
2047:
1541:
678:
867:
2741:
2709:
1429:
1376:
1042:
931:
839:
1634:
1560:
2990:
2746:
1670:, Φ stands for the imaginary phallus and also represents phallic signification; −Φ stands in for castration.
921:
813:
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725:
675:
626:
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32:
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1563:, or the probability that a species will continue to occupy a site if it was there the previous year.
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1982:
family (used widely in editions of classical Greek texts), have a "stroked" glyph in this position (
1567:
1393:
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2124:
1537:
denote features such as case, number and gender in which adjectives and pronouns agree with nouns.
1444:
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1653:
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1545:
1516:
1462:, defined such that a change of 1 φ in grain size corresponds to a factor of 2 in grain diameter.
1437:
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408:
2873:"Rheology of suspensions of viscoelastic spheres: Deformability as an effective volume fraction"
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2098:
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In emulsion and suspension science, Φ often denotes the volume fraction of the dispersed phase.
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2011:
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The
Unicode standard also includes the following variants of phi and phi-like characters:
1674:
1571:
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The lowercase letter φ (or its variant, ϕ or ɸ) is often used to represent the following:
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period (c. 4th century AD to 15th century AD) it developed its modern pronunciation as a
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1988:), most other typefaces have "loopy" glyphs. This also applies to the "Didot" (or "
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1447:. The ratio between the actual fuel-air ratio to the stoichiometric fuel-air ratio.
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1383:(sometimes represented with the letter theta, which is also used for pitch angle).
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1975:
representative glyph shown for U+03D5 (ϕ, the "stroked" or "closed" form).
1935:
2985:
1324:). The convention in physics is to use ϕ as the azimuthal angle (from the
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1234:{\textstyle \varphi (x)=(2\pi )^{-{\frac {1}{2}}}e^{-{\frac {x^{2}}{2}}}}
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1998:), as well as the "Neohellenic" typeface often used for ancient texts (
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697:(c. 4th century BC to 4th century AD), its pronunciation shifted to a
44:
2767:
Brixhe, C. "History of the
Alphabet", in Christidēs & al.'s
1682:
1638:
1433:
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1039:... in mathematics, art, and architecture. (Its reciprocal, 1/φ, is
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1316:, mathematicians usually refer to ϕ as the polar angle (from the
2871:
Rosti, Marco E.; Brandt, Luca; Mitra, Dhrubaditya (2018-01-22).
343:
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A common symbol for the parametrization of a surface in vector
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2807:"Euler's Totient Function | Brilliant Math & Science Wiki"
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Like other Greek letters, lowercase phi (encoded as the
1949:
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in electronics is often called Phi or uses the symbol.
1159:
1047:
976:
2833:
An introductory dictionary of
Lacanian psychoanalysis
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2014:
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1841:
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1045:
974:
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1992:") typefaces employed in most Greek book printing (
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in physics, with subscripts distinguishing the two.
1005:{\displaystyle {\tfrac {1+{\sqrt {5}}}{2}}\approx }
827:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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713:of the Modern Greek phoneme is therefore usually
2662:MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD ITALIC CAPITAL PHI
2910:
2908:
2684:MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD ITALIC PHI SYMBOL
1719:, there are multiple forms of the phi letter:
1287:, typically the second angle mentioned, after
674:(c. 9th to 4th century BC), it represented an
2673:MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD ITALIC SMALL PHI
1493:Strength (or resistance) reduction factor in
566:
8:
949:
935:
724:(Ϙ, ϙ), and initially represented the sound
720:It may be that phi originated as the letter
1583:Mϕ is used as an abbreviation for the word
1544:, the function that maps elements from the
1073:{\displaystyle {\tfrac {{\sqrt {5}}-1}{2}}}
955:{\displaystyle \langle \phi |\psi \rangle }
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1597:The uppercase Φ is used as a symbol for:
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887:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:Twenty-first letter in the Greek alphabet
2918:UTR #25: Unicode support for mathematics
2629:MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD CAPITAL PHI
2446:
1721:
19:This article is about the letter of the
2915:"Representative Glyphs for Greek Phi".
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2651:MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD PHI SYMBOL
520:
489:
369:
282:
51:
2640:MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD SMALL PHI
1458:, φ is a logarithmic unit of sediment
1652:, Φ is often used as shorthand for a
1515:, φ is often used as shorthand for a
729:
654:
636:
7:
2755:participating institution membership
2596:MATHEMATICAL BOLD ITALIC CAPITAL PHI
825:adding citations to reliable sources
659:) is the twenty-first letter of the
2618:MATHEMATICAL BOLD ITALIC PHI SYMBOL
908:The letter phi is commonly used in
728:before shifting to Classical Greek
2607:MATHEMATICAL BOLD ITALIC SMALL PHI
2076:
1792:
1766:
1702:Archaically used in chemistry for
14:
1633:, the number of times a specific
23:. For the irrational number, see
2984:
2970:
2956:
2942:
2475:GREEK SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER PHI
2363:LATIN SMALL LETTER TAILLESS PHI
2031:For use as a phonetic symbol in
1999:
1993:
1983:
1934:
1826:
1820:
1610:cumulative distribution function
1093:) in number theory; also called
801:
681:(), which was the origin of its
598:
541:
540:
43:
2563:MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL PHI
2519:LATIN SMALL LETTER TAILLESS PHI
2464:MODIFIER LETTER SMALL GREEK PHI
2046:, the upper- and lowercase phi
1506:International Phonetic Alphabet
812:needs additional citations for
707:voiceless labiodental fricative
3012:Phonetic transcription symbols
2899:10.1103/PhysRevFluids.3.012301
2585:MATHEMATICAL ITALIC PHI SYMBOL
1185:
1175:
1169:
1163:
942:
1:
2975:The dictionary definition of
2961:The dictionary definition of
2947:The dictionary definition of
2574:MATHEMATICAL ITALIC SMALL PHI
2530:MATHEMATICAL BOLD CAPITAL PHI
1577:An abbreviation for the word
2552:MATHEMATICAL BOLD PHI SYMBOL
2136:{\displaystyle \varphi \,\!}
1967:voiceless bilabial fricative
1614:standard normal distribution
1502:voiceless bilabial fricative
1432:destabilizations of protein
1247:standard normal distribution
1243:probability density function
699:voiceless bilabial fricative
370:Diacritics and other symbols
2541:MATHEMATICAL BOLD SMALL PHI
2424:Numeric character reference
2284:Numeric character reference
2048:character entity references
1443:In combustion engineering,
689:. During the later part of
31:. For similar symbols, see
3028:
2836:. Routledge. p. 145.
2769:A History of Ancient Greek
1542:lexical-functional grammar
1445:fuel–air equivalence ratio
754:(Ф, ф) descends from phi.
746:
740:
738:, phi has a value of 500 (
679:voiceless bilabial plosive
630:
18:
2742:Oxford English Dictionary
2710:Psi and phi type figurine
2486:MODIFIER LETTER SMALL PHI
2362:
2359:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2326:
2323:Named character reference
2186:
2184:COPTIC CAPITAL LETTER FI
2183:
2180:
2178:GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PHI
2177:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2110:{\displaystyle \phi \,\!}
2084:{\displaystyle \Phi \,\!}
1774:{\displaystyle \Phi \,\!}
1748:
1605:−0.618... in mathematics.
1561:site survival probability
1377:aircraft flight mechanics
647:
529:Use as scientific symbols
2497:COPTIC CAPITAL LETTER FI
2021:{\displaystyle \varphi }
1848:{\displaystyle \varphi }
1757:GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PHI
1084:Euler's totient function
2747:Oxford University Press
2360:LATIN SMALL LETTER PHI
2187:COPTIC SMALL LETTER FI
2181:GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI
2065:, the math symbols are
2039:at the top and bottom.
1274:characteristic function
1080:and is equal to φ - 1.)
750:). The Cyrillic letter
2877:Physical Review Fluids
2830:Evans, Dylans (1996).
2508:COPTIC SMALL LETTER FI
2341:Character information
2153:Character information
2137:
2111:
2085:
2022:
1953:
1931:LATIN SMALL LETTER PHI
1913:
1869:
1849:
1817:GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI
1799:
1775:
1656:. (Also in lowercase.)
1603:golden ratio conjugate
1519:. (Also in uppercase.)
1495:structural engineering
1403:representation for an
1345:Internal or effective
1235:
1123:electrical engineering
1074:
1006:
956:
772:GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI
590:
490:Use in other languages
293:Archaic local variants
27:. For other uses, see
2787:mathworld.wolfram.com
2138:
2112:
2086:
2023:
1954:
1914:
1912:{\displaystyle \phi }
1870:
1868:{\displaystyle \phi }
1850:
1800:
1798:{\displaystyle \Phi }
1776:
1524:perceptual psychology
1314:spherical coordinates
1309:in signal processing.
1276:of a random variable
1236:
1125:, for example 1ϕ for
1121:in a power system in
1102:cyclotomic polynomial
1075:
1007:
957:
588:
2993:at Wikimedia Commons
2125:
2099:
2073:
2012:
1947:
1903:
1877:Used in Greek texts
1859:
1839:
1807:Used in Greek texts
1789:
1763:
1335:in the backbones of
1157:
1095:Euler's phi function
1043:
972:
932:
922:Schrödinger equation
821:improve this article
29:Phi (disambiguation)
2781:Weisstein, Eric W.
2745:(Online ed.).
2705:Ф, ф: Ef (Cyrillic)
2342:
2154:
2058:(φ), respectively.
1570:, a leftist French
1568:La France Insoumise
1508:(using the form ɸ).
1394:solid-state physics
691:Classical Antiquity
589:Archaic form of Phi
2340:
2152:
2133:
2107:
2081:
2018:
1909:
1865:
1845:
1795:
1771:
1731:Correct appearance
1438:phi value analysis
1379:as the symbol for
1298:The argument of a
1295:). It can denote:
1254:probability theory
1231:
1151:probability theory
1070:
1068:
1002:
997:
952:
687:⟨ph⟩
683:usual romanization
591:
513:Old Italic scripts
33:Ø (disambiguation)
2989:Media related to
2843:978-0-415-13523-8
2753:(Subscription or
2691:
2690:
2445:
2444:
2338:
2337:
1972:
1971:
1500:The symbol for a
1467:first-order logic
1450:In granulometry,
1412:organic chemistry
1392:of a surface, in
1370:geodetic latitude
1347:angle of friction
1341:Ramachandran plot
1227:
1200:
1119:electrical phases
1067:
1055:
996:
990:
920:, such as in the
918:quantum mechanics
897:
896:
889:
871:
734:. In traditional
715:⟨f⟩
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364:
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2858:"Clock Circuits"
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2700:F, f: Ef (Latin)
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1952:{\displaystyle }
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1887:GREEK PHI SYMBOL
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1754:
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1677:in engineering,
1668:Lacanian algebra
1533:In linguistics,
1456:soil engineering
1408:functional group
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945:
926:bra–ket notation
892:
885:
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785:GREEK PHI SYMBOL
783:
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1787:
1786:
1761:
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1747:
1713:
1675:diameter symbol
1595:
1572:political party
1486:in geology and
1474:Veblen function
1421:coefficient in
1364:; likewise, in
1333:dihedral angles
1307:phase of a wave
1265:
1257:
1214:
1204:
1184:
1155:
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978:
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795:
792:Use as a symbol
791:
784:
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776:
775:
771:
768:
763:
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714:
703:Byzantine Greek
701:(), and by the
686:
672:Classical Greek
638:[pʰéî̯]
601:
597:
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550:
485:
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2937:External links
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2783:"Golden Ratio"
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1452:sedimentology
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832:Find sources:
826:
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810:This article
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2991:Phi (letter)
2977:
2963:
2949:
2917:
2880:
2876:
2866:
2852:
2832:
2825:
2814:. Retrieved
2810:
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2786:
2776:
2768:
2763:
2740:
2729:
2715:Փ (Armenian)
2440:ⱷ
2436:ⱷ
2316:ⲫ
2312:ⲫ
2308:Ⲫ
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2145:
2060:
2041:
2030:
2006:
1989:
1977:
1973:
1965:to denote a
1894:
1734:Your browser
1714:
1704:phenyl group
1694:clock signal
1596:
1593:In uppercase
1566:The logo of
1360:, ɸ denotes
1325:
1317:
1288:
1277:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1136:In algebra,
1127:single phase
1111:
1106:
1094:
1090:
1086:
967:golden ratio
903:
900:In lowercase
883:
874:
864:
857:
850:
843:
831:
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814:verification
811:
756:
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719:
711:romanization
665:
656:[fi]
651:
643:Modern Greek
633:
622:
618:
617:, lowercase
614:
613:; uppercase
593:
592:
292:
218:
37:
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2456:Appearance
2432:ɸ
2415:226 177 183
2300:φ
2292:Φ
2275:226 178 171
2269:226 178 170
2028:at U+03D5.
1654:generic act
1637:occurs per
1550:f-structure
1546:c-structure
1517:generic act
1430:free energy
1368:it denotes
1354:cartography
1331:One of the
1131:three phase
1104:functions Φ
877:August 2020
695:Koine Greek
3001:Categories
2890:1709.04210
2816:2020-08-10
2792:2020-08-10
2757:required.)
2721:References
2428:ɸ
2296:φ
2288:Φ
1650:philosophy
1585:macrophage
1535:φ-features
1513:philosophy
1478:set theory
1460:grain size
1381:bank angle
1358:navigation
847:newspapers
761:character
377:Diacritics
2450:Character
2418:E2 B1 B7
2368:Encodings
2352:ⱷ
2330:φ
2327:Φ
2278:E2 B2 AB
2192:Encodings
2170:ⲫ
2129:φ
2103:ϕ
2077:Φ
2056:φ
2052:Φ
2016:φ
1907:ϕ
1863:ϕ
1843:φ
1793:Φ
1767:Φ
1725:Character
1711:Computing
1612:(cdf) of
1488:hydrology
1401:shorthand
1210:−
1190:−
1182:π
1161:φ
1129:, 3ϕ for
1058:−
1000:≈
950:⟩
947:ψ
939:ϕ
936:⟨
676:aspirated
436:Ligatures
2694:See also
2272:E2 B2 AA
2167:Ⲫ
2054:(Φ) and
2042:In HTML/
1961:Used in
1661:calculus
1484:Porosity
1419:fugacity
1405:aromatic
1362:latitude
1337:proteins
709:(). The
546:Category
508:Albanian
498:Bactrian
455:Numerals
2771:. 2007.
2681:U+1D7C7
2670:U+1D7BF
2659:U+1D7A5
2648:U+1D78D
2637:U+1D785
2626:U+1D76B
2615:U+1D753
2604:U+1D74B
2593:U+1D731
2582:U+1D719
2571:U+1D711
2560:U+1D6F7
2549:U+1D6DF
2538:U+1D6D7
2527:U+1D6BD
2409:201 184
2399:U+2C77
2386:Unicode
2371:decimal
2349:ɸ
2346:Preview
2263:207 134
2257:206 166
2247:U+2CAB
2222:Unicode
2195:decimal
2164:φ
2161:Φ
2158:Preview
2119:\varphi
2117:), and
1717:Unicode
1557:ecology
1548:to the
1504:in the
1434:mutants
1366:geodesy
1328:-axis).
1272:is the
1245:of the
1241:is the
910:physics
861:scholar
782:ϕ
769:φ
759:Unicode
668:Archaic
349:Digamma
305:Digamma
284:History
201:Upsilon
139:Epsilon
111:Omicron
2840:
2516:U+2C77
2505:U+2CAB
2494:U+2CAA
2483:U+1DB2
2472:U+1D69
2461:U+1D60
2393:U+0278
2241:U+2CAA
2235:U+03C6
2229:U+03A6
2037:serifs
1980:Porson
1927:U+0278
1883:U+03D5
1813:U+03C6
1742:Usage
1685:is 14
1683:circle
1643:system
1639:photon
1526:, the
1454:, and
863:
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849:
842:
834:
779:
777:U+03D5
766:
764:U+03C6
503:Coptic
247:Lambda
2885:arXiv
2751:
2736:"phi"
2412:C9 B8
2405:UTF-8
2396:11383
2266:CF 86
2260:CE A6
2253:UTF-8
2244:11435
2238:11434
2063:LaTeX
2044:XHTML
1738:LaTeX
1687:units
1635:event
1339:in a
1293:theta
1285:angle
1270:) = E
1138:group
1013:1.618
868:JSTOR
854:books
836:"Phi"
726:/kʷʰ/
722:qoppa
693:, in
480:(900)
360:Sampi
331:Koppa
273:Omega
229:Kappa
193:Theta
165:Sigma
121:Delta
103:Gamma
67:Alpha
2838:ISBN
2453:Name
2380:hex
2216:hex
2093:\phi
2067:\Phi
2050:are
1990:apla
1752:03A6
1728:Name
1673:The
1623:and
1619:The
1608:The
1601:The
1472:The
1417:The
1388:The
1356:and
1322:axis
1305:The
1142:ring
1100:The
965:The
924:and
840:news
670:and
634:pheî
472:(90)
344:Tsan
313:Heta
211:Iota
157:Zeta
85:Beta
2978:phi
2924:PDF
2895:doi
2687:𝟇
2676:𝞿
2665:𝞥
2654:𝞍
2643:𝞅
2632:𝝫
2621:𝝓
2610:𝝋
2599:𝜱
2588:𝜙
2577:𝜑
2566:𝛷
2555:𝛟
2544:𝛗
2533:𝚽
2390:632
2377:dec
2374:hex
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2207:dec
2204:hex
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2198:hex
2143:).
2091:),
2061:In
2033:IPA
2004:).
1963:IPA
1893:ϕ (
1855:or
1825:or
1715:In
1666:In
1648:In
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