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433:"The exhibition has been open since yesterday, but there are not a lot of people attending, and those of the public who are attending do not seem to like the exhibition either. Did I tell you about a bust of Mikeshin made by some unknown sculptor named Opekushin. This sculpture is remarkable in its work and the likeness to the face and body of Mikeshin... would this be a painting, I would have gambled that it was done by Mikeshin himself. This same fellow Opekushin also showed a bust of Komisarov".
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However, the
Levitsky Studio's lasting importance is found in their ability to understand and exploit the relationship between art and photography; understanding that it could be possible that a photographer using a mechanical device that creates the image, could impose their personal spirit into the
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Rafail
Levitsky is considered to be the first artist in history to be also a fine art photographer. During his lifetime many of the Levitsky famous photographic portraits became partial or complete replacements of the model by artists, lithographers, illustrators and even engravers as in the case
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With a working life that spanned fifty years, Sergei
Levitsky distinguished himself in the technical sphere of photographic development. It was he who designed a bellows camera which significantly improved the process of focusing, and it was he who introduced interchangeable decorative backgrounds,
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The magnitude of Rafail
Levitsky's catalogue raisonné remains unknown. His influence on artists, his history, and his life's artistic achievements were erased during the Soviet era; an era where aristocratic origins and ties to the Romanov family were cause for violent repression. The State Russian
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With a career that began in the 1840s, working as a daguerreotypist in
Germany and Italy; Levitsky's father knew Daguerre personally, and introduced the term ‘light painting’ to Russia. It was he who first proposed the idea to artificially light subjects in a studio setting using electric lighting
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On one such visit, Rafail welcomed
Tolstoy hospitably into his workshop and discussed painting Tolstoy's portrait. The session took place, on the second floor of the Nicholskoe's house. It is told that Levitsky, while standing, drew on an easel and chose to make a sketch viewing Tolstoy's right
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Compare similar photos of the day where sitters stood as straight as soldiers and looked out at the viewer like a deer caught in the headlights of an oncoming car and one will instantly see why the
Levitsky studio was miles ahead of its competitors and why being an artist was so important to the
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Sergei
Levitsky was also one of the founders of Russian's first Photographic Societies, a writer of articles for the Russian magazine "Photograph" and was actively involved in organizing national and international photographic exhibitions throughout his lifetime. He wrote memoirs in two volumes
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While living there
Levitsky would meet and marry Anna Vasilevna Olsufevsky. He would also meet Leo Tolstoy and become good friends with the world-famous author discussing Tolstoy's theories on art and his personal connection to the art and artists of the day. Ultimately, Levitsky in 1896 would
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Writing to
Polenov about the artist Arkhip Ivanovich Kuinji's (1842–1910) work "View of the Isaakievsky cathedral" having visited the academic exhibition in 1869, Levitsky saw the beginnings of what would be Kuinji's use of special light effects to paint nature and achieved astonishing results.
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In the most complete collection ever produced reviewing the tradition of Russian and European painting entitled the Encyclopedia of World Art published by White City; the author Alexander Shestimirov includes Rafail Levitsky's artistic work in all three volumes – Russian Seascape Painting –
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Confusion as to the operation of Levitsky's studio in Paris has arisen from the reference to "Levitsky", "M. Levitsky" and "Maison Levitsky" on Lejeune's cartes de visites and cabinet cards with his ownership and authorship printed usually on the lower right hand side, as "Le Jeune Succ'r".
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In 1864 Levitsky in turn sold out to Augustin Aimé Joseph Le Jeune whose cards carried the Levitsky name and the information that he was the new owner/successor (i.e., "Lejeune succr") until at least 1867 and Lejeune reused negatives made by Levitsky as well as making his own images.
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For the Studio believed that it was not simply a process of taking the most famous photographs of the who's who of European and North American society but an artistic endeavour and pursuit to capture the essence of the sitter and relay this through the photographic image captured.
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in 1917 he writes of this time: "I went with Sonya (my daughter-in-law) to the Tsurikov's, Aphremov's, and the Levitsky's. I have a very pleasant impression and fell in love with many; but fell ill and did not do my work and made a lot of fuss both for Levitsky and the household."
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At a third Academic Exhibition in St. Petersburg where V.M. Vasnetsova (1848–1926) exhibited the picture "Tea drinking at a tavern" Levitsky who visited the exhibition, wrote on February, 8th, 1874 to Polenov, "Vasnetsova whom you, obviously, know, a miracle from miracles…"
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In a letter sent to Polenov in Moscow, Rafail writes about an academic exhibition which occurred on September, 18th, 1869 about the sculptor Opekushin Alexander Mikhailovich (1838–1923) who sculpted a bust of the artist Mikhail Osipovich Mikeshin (1835–1896). He writes:
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In 1864 Levitsky wrote about his Paris career in The Russian Magazine "Photograph" (1864, № 3-4) in which he described his great success and artistic triumph which "brought to his Paris studio daily orders of some 1500 requests; many of which could not be filled".
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Today, the largest collection of Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky works are found in The Di Rocco Wieler Private Collection (DRWC), Toronto, Canada which is dedicated to preserving the memory, legacy and works of Rafail Sergeevitch Levitsky and Sergei Lvovich Levitsky.
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Rafail's photos are the first to show images of sitters in naturalistic poses, soft lighting, within naturalistic backgrounds, and expressing real sentiments like joy and laughter or tenderness as in the photo of Czarina Alexandra with Olga and Maria (1899).
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Repin's "On a Bridge in Abramtsevo" (1879) and Levitsky's "The Bridge in the Woods" (1885–1886) are remarkable achievements showing different approaches of these two great artists painting the same subject matter (a bridge) in the same location (Abramtsevo).
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Rafail's ability to understand, apply and build upon the scientific photographic advancements developed by his father would begin to establish Rafail's photography as a worthy form of artistic expression; no less effective than a painting or a sculpture.
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When Rafail was a bachelor, he lived and worked together with Polenov in "Devich'e Pole" (the name of the street "Maiden's Field"), in an attic of the Olsufevsky House. This house is illustrated by Polenov in his painting "Grandmother's garden" (1878).
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Between 1859 and 1864 Sergei Levitsky operated a photographic studio at 22, rue de Choiseul in Paris formerly the address for American daguerreotypist Warren Thompson (aka Warren-Thompson) and joined the Société Française de Photographie.
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While running the St. Petersburg studio Rafail began the tradition of taking photos of everyday Russian actors and everyday Russian people while continuing the Studio's resume of taking photos of more well known Russians including
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It is Chistyakov's teaching methods that combined the best traditions of the academic school and the experience of direct perception of nature that are widely recognized as having led to the development of realism in Russian art.
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By 1872 Le Jeune was operating at 350 Rue St Honoré and in turn after the Le Jeunes sold the Rue de Rivoli studio to Auguste La Planquais in 1873 and the following year the Rue St Honore studio to Léon Abraham Marius Joliot.
461:. Repin sketched Rafail's image and painted his portrait in 1878 showing early Repin's ability to not just paint faces, but rather to paint people fully, revealing his models in their natural state and how they communicated.
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Individual works are found hanging in the Nekrasov Apartment Museum, 36 Liteiny Avenue, St. Petersburg; The Stavropol Regional Museum of Fine Arts; The Chuvash State Art Museum and The State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow.
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527:(1819–1898, Moscow, Russian: Сергей Львович Львов-Левицкий), who is considered the patriarch of Russian photography and one of Europe's most important early photographic pioneers, inventors and innovators.
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visited Rafail Levitsky and his wife Anna Vasilevna Olsufesky, at the Olsufevsky's estate, Nicholskoe, near Moscow. Once he spent two weeks with them and another time he stayed with them for an entire month.
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Showing in practice that the skillful combination of both natural and artificial light allowed one to create interesting effects, Levitsky's photographs became recognized throughout Europe for their mastery.
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Museum of Church Antiquities his name appears twice in the Museum's Book of Visitors (started in 1886). Rafail visited this cultural centre of old Russian architecture, church and folk art in 1900 and 1904.
510:. While living there, he once again visited his friend, the landlord, Rafail S. Levitsky, where he fell seriously ill with severe dysentery and remained there for ten days. In his Journal translated by
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Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky was a Professor of Drawing and Painting on Porcelain at the School of Imperial Society of Honouring Visual Arts from 1884 until the school was closed by the Soviets in 1918.
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503:(1846–1916) novel. The session lasted for one and a half hours. With the permission of Tolstoy, the final drawing was made into an engraving and sold in shops throughout Russia.
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Rafail took part in numerous international and Russian photographic exhibitions, sometimes serving on the jury. His works received multiple awards in international exhibitions.
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Le Jeune was listed as a member of the Société Française de Photographie until 1885 as was Levitsky but the latter is most likely a confusion with the exit date of Lejeune.
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A painting of the Interior of the Redeemer Church "na-senyah" found in the Kremlin of Rostov was painted in 1904 by Rafail and is today at the Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow.
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Maria Feodorovna Princess Dagmar of Denmark. by Sergei Lvovich Levitsky and Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky.(1881) The Di Rocco Wieler Private Collection, Toronto, Canada
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While there, Rafail studied directly under the teaching of Pavel Petrovich Chistyakov (1832–1919) along with classmates that included V.D. Polenov, and I.E. Repin.
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The Levitsky Studio was located in Moika River Embankment, 30 (1860s), Nevsky Prospect, 28 (1890s), and Kazanskaya Street, 3 (1898, the house is not preserved).
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Today, Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky's portrait by Ilya Repin is on permanent display at the Finnish National Gallery, Ateneum Art Gallery, Helsinki, Finland.
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His career is documented in a report written by request of the Committee of Imperial Society of Honouring Visual Arts by Nickolay Makarenko, published in
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located north of Moscow. Savva was one of the most famous Russian patrons of art of the late 19th century who founded an artist's union in Ambratsevo.
398:. Polenov's freshness of color combined with artistic finish of composition greatly influenced Levitsky's own landscape painting style and treatment.
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Villa and Gatehouse Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy. by Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky.(1907) The Di Rocco Wieler Private Collection, Toronto, Canada
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Morning Impression along a Canal in Venice, Veneto, Italy. by Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky.(1896) The Di Rocco Wieler Private Collection, Toronto, Canada
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In 1920, Ilya Repin donated his portrait of Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky along with a collection of other works by him to the Finnish National Gallery.
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entitled, Reminiscences of an Old Photographer (1892) and How I Became a Photographer (1896). He is buried in St. Petersburg's Smolenskoye Cemetery.
713:. So popular were the photos of the Romanovs that they were reproduced individually for public consumption in an "Edition A Bon Marché" by Rafail.
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The Levitsky St. Petersburg studio of the 1890s was a father-son enterprise. Photo cards of this time have the distinctive Levitsky name 'and Son'
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Evening Impression in Rapallo, Genova, Liguria, Italy. by Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky.(1885) The Di Rocco Wieler Private Collection, Toronto, Canada
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Levitsky and Warren-Thompson were associated 1847-49 both making large format daguerreotypes. Thompson opened a studio at 22 rue Choiseul in 1853.
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Sergei is perhaps best known for a series of photographs of famous artists, writers and public figures (included among these notable figures were
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Czar Nicholas II, Empress Alexandra, and daughter Olga. by Sergei Lvovich Levitsky.(1896) The Di Rocco Wieler Private Collection, Toronto, Canada
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Levitsky writes: "A. Kuinji has painted a landscape of the Neva river with the view of the Isaakievsky cathedral which is perfectly realized …"
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Czar Nicholas II and family by Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky. (August 16, 1901, Peterhof ) The Di Rocco Wieler Private Collection, Toronto, Canada
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Makarenko Nickolay, Report written by request of the Committee of Imperial Society of Honouring Visual Arts, published Saint Petersburg, 1914.
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Gatehouse Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy. by Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky.(1907) The Di Rocco Wieler Private Collection, Toronto, Canada
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Afternoon Impression Along a Russian Stream. by Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky.(1908) The Di Rocco Wieler Private Collection, Toronto, Canada
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Alexander III. by Sergei Lvovich Levitsky and Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky.(1885) The Di Rocco Wieler Private Collection, Toronto, Canada
606:(1821–1878) to purchase a painting by Rafail Levitsky that hangs in the living room of the N.A. Nekrasov Apartment Museum to this day.
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View of Mazzolada di Lison, Veneto, Italy. by Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky.(1896) The Di Rocco Wieler Private Collection, Toronto, Canada
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Upon his father's death, Rafail continued the operation and tradition of the Levitsky portrait studio taking the now famous photos of
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Nicholas II. by Sergei Lvovich Levitsky and Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky.(1894) The Di Rocco Wieler Private Collection, Toronto, Canada
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Czarina Alexandra with Olga and Maria, by Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky (1899). The Di Rocco Wieler Private Collection, Toronto, Canada
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Kim E.V., I.A. Shljakov and an Art Life in Rostov (I. 1880-1890th) Books of Visitors of the Rostov Museum of Church Antiquities.
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The Bridge in the Woods. by Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky.(1885-1886) The Stavropol Regional Museum of Fine Arts, Stavropol, Russia
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Rafail was born into a wealthy aristocratic family. He was married to Anna Vasilevna Olsufevsky. He was the second cousin of
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Lejeune also operated a studio at 106 Rue de Rivoli associated there with a relative Denis Victor Adolphe Le Jeune from 1867.
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Tolstoy Lev Nikolaevich, Volume 84, Letters written to S.A. Tolstoy 1887-1910, complete works; letter written January 1895.
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Omsk Region. Museum of Fine Arts: Рус. дорев. Art: Painting, Drawing, teatr.-dekorats. Art, a sculpture. Кат. – Л, 1986
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Russian Silesian Offensive. by Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky.(1914) The Di Rocco Wieler Private Collection, Toronto, Canada
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Russian House Afternoon. by Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky.(1908) The Di Rocco Wieler Private Collection, Toronto, Canada
247:; 1847–1940) was a Russian and Soviet genre, romantic, and impressionist artist who was an active participant in the
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we are given insight into the art exhibitions he attended and wrote about in letters to Vasily Dmitrievich Polenov.
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Hillside Walk Russia. by Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky.(1908) The Di Rocco Wieler Private Collection, Toronto, Canada
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Museum does not own pictures, drawings or archival documents in its collection of this once great Russian artist.
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Portrait of a Village Girl. by Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky.(1877) Nekrasov Apartment Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Rafail Levitsky was also an art professor and a photographer, noted for his portraits of the ill-fated family of
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1844-1927 are a personal account of many of the key figures in Russian art who exhibited during their lifetime.
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659:; on the carte de visite (CDV) photo cards when his hand was involved in the process of taking the photograph.
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Following his father's lead, Rafail Levitsky worked alongside his father in Paris placing his Russian monogram
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Guidebook to Dashkovsky meeting of images of Russian figures. – m. 1882. (Mosk. публ. And Rumjantsev. Museums)
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In 1885, 1896, and 1907 he travelled to Italy where he painted genre and impressionistic scenes en plein air.
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Burova G. K, Gaponov O. I, Rumjantseva V. F. Association of Mobile Art Exhibitions: in 2 т. М, Art, 1952–1959
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In 1864 when his father closed the Levitsky studio in Paris, Rafail returned to Russia with his father.
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Spiridonov A.N., Catalogue Omsk гос. Museum of Fine Arts: Painting, Drawing, and Sculpture. – Omsk, 1955
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Grandfather Vlas. by Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky. (1895) The Chuvash State Art Museum, Chuvashia Republic
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p. 443; Russian Landscape Painting – p. 888; and Russian Portrait Painting – p. 1416.
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The Levitsky St. Petersburg Studio remained in operation until it was closed by the Soviets in 1918.
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269:(1819–1898), one of the founders of photography in Russia and Europe's early photographic pioneers.
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Today, Rafail Levitsky is still rated among the Great Russian artists by the Art Union of Russia.
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Portrait by Ilya Repin (1878) Finnish National Gallery, Ateneum Art Gallery, Helsinki, Finland
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Throughout his life Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky was good friends with fellow Itinerant artist
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In the month of May 1898, Leo Tolstoy travelled to Grinevka to visit the estate of his son,
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Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky was classmate and close friends with fellow Itinerant artist
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Rafail received medals in 1867 - 2 silver and in 1872 - a minor and two major honours.
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as well as the retouching of negatives to reduce or eliminate technical deficiencies.
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Artists" who sought to move away from the academic formalism of the official Academy.
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R.S. Levitsky (background) and E.L. Prahova (foreground)sketch by Ilya Repin (1879)
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His artistic career took him throughout Russia. After the opening in 1883 of the
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Strunsky Rose, translated Journal of Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy translation -1917.
276:(1828–1910) who visited and stayed with him and his wife on several occasions.
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When Repin settled in Moscow in 1876, he and Levitsky would travel to the
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In November 1914, he documented a scene of Russian forces fighting in the
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Tchernyshev E.A., V.D. Polenov's Memorial Estate. the Catalogue. Л, 1964
265:(1812–1870), the writer and outstanding public figure; and son to Count
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In 1866, Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky began his artistic studies at the
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Mosenzov G. N., Catalogue: Painting. Sculpture. Drawing. – Omsk, 1941
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who would not produce his first significant photographs until 1918.
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His achievements preceded famous artists as photographers such as
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In 1880, Rafail Levitsky joined the free-thinking "Association of
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Friendship with author Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (1828-1910)
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From February to March, 1896, and from February to March, 1897,
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of Levitsky's portrait of Alexander III which was used on the
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profile. To facilitate the posing, someone read aloud from a
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In 1877 he received a rank of "class artist of third stage".
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both written as a signature and printed on their backs.
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Friendship with Vasily Dmitrievich Polenov (1844-1927)
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422:As Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky lived and worked in
46:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
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707:Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia
602:). It is perhaps this association that led
774:who began taking photographs in 1895 and
719:Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia
699:Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia
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693:and Czarina Alexandra and their children
77:Learn how and when to remove this message
703:Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia
362:(Itinerant) Movement from 1880 to 1894.
339:The Association of Peredvizhniki Artists
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711:Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia
695:Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia
445:Friendship with Ilya Repin (1844-1930)
1084:Photographers from the Russian Empire
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1069:People from Sankt-Peterburgsky Uyezd
358:Rafail Levitsky exhibited with the
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254:His letters to his artist friend
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16:Russian artist and photographer
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272:He was friend to author Count
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1094:Soviet Impressionist painters
523:Rafail Levitsky's father was
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604:Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov
245:Рафаи́л Сергее́вич Леви́цкий
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738:Photography's first Artist
406:paint Tolstoy's portrait.
396:Vasily Dmitrievich Polenov
263:Aleksandr Ivanovich Herzen
256:Vasily Dmitrievich Polenov
237:Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky
115:Rafail Sergeevich Levitsky
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572:Alexander Strugovshchikov
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301:Imperial Academy of Arts
274:Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy
169:Imperial Academy of Arts
32:This article includes a
525:Sergei Lvovich Levitsky
267:Sergei Lvovich Levitsky
217:Alexander III of Russia
61:more precise citations.
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53:Please help
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1059:1940 deaths
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772:Edgar Degas
747:bank note.
600:Leo Tolstoy
580:Ivan Panaev
492:Leo Tolstoy
155:Nationality
59:introducing
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