1140:
370:
237:
1523:
732:
1355:
727:
46:
827:
1435:
37:
830:
999:
1644:
Ashland, BASF, and Miami
Chemical. Lyondell reportedly stopped commercial sales of this product due to increasingly tight regulations and liabilities but still makes it for internal and downstream production use. To purchase this chemical requires special DEA license and end use certificate approved and a site audit by DEA.
832:
831:
1284:
1427:
1492:
For those users who do report withdrawal symptoms upon quitting the use of GHB or GBL, symptoms seem to depend on the dosage and the length of time the drug was used. Light to moderate users often experience insomnia and sleep-related problems, whereas heavy, prolonged use can cause severe withdrawal
1577:
GBL is a dangerous drug controlled under
Schedule 1 of the Dangerous Drugs Ordinance, Cap.134 (with exemption clause at Paragraph 16D). Any person who is found to have in his possession of it not in accordance with this Ordinance can be liable, on conviction upon indictment, a fine of HK$ 1,000,000
1570:
GBL is not listed in the narcotics law, but its distribution is controlled. Possession is not illegal, but may be punished according to the
Medicines Act, when intended to be sold for human consumption or synthesis of GHB. In recent years, an increase of GBL consumption has been observed due to the
1643:
if intended for human consumption. Sales and distribution of this product for industrial use is tightly regulated and requires quantity tracing, lock and key storage and 24 hour surveillance and is limited to a very few suppliers who have appropriate DEA registrations and as of 2021 included only
1563:
GBL is a
Controlled Substance under Schedule VI of the "Controlled Drugs and Substances Act" in Canada. Schedule VI of the "Controlled Drugs and Substances Act" requires vendors to collect information regarding purchases of GBL. The Act also prohibits the import and export of GBL into or out of
1484:
Frequent use of GHB or GBL, even when taken long-term and in moderate doses, does not appear to cause significant physical dependency in the majority of its users. In many people, quitting or temporarily abstaining from use of the drugs is achieved with minimal or no difficulty. However, when
1556:
GBL is not classified as a drug but as a health-endangering substance. Legislation entering into force on 1 April 2011 made it possible to handle narcotics for industrial purposes and enabled GBL and 1,4-Butanediol to be classified as controlled substances. As of 2023 there are penalties for
1614:
GBL is not classified as a drug but as a health-endangering substance. Although recently passed legislation to enter into force on 1 April 2011 will make it possible to handle narcotics for industrial purposes will enable GBL and 1,4-Butanediol to be classified as controlled substances.
1564:
Canada classifying it as either an indictable offense punishable with up to 10 years in prison or an offense punishable on summary conviction liable to imprisonment for up to eighteen months. It is not illegal for an individual to possess GBL in Canada.
1590:: GBL is unlike GHB not listed in the narcotics law, but its distribution is controlled. Possession is not illegal but may be punished according to the Medicines Act, when intended to be sold for human consumption or synthesis of GHB.
1485:
consumed in excessive amounts with a high frequency of dosing, physical and psychological dependence can develop. Management of GBL dependence involves considering the person's age, comorbidity and the pharmacological pathways of GBL.
1955:"A Change to the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 : Control of GBL, 1,4-BD, BZP and related piperazine compounds, a further group of anabolic steroids and 2 non-steroidal agents, synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists and oripavine"
1139:
740:
707:
1442:
GBL has a distinctive taste and odor, described as being comparable to stale water, synthetic melon aroma or burnt plastic. This differs significantly from GHB, which is described as having a decidedly "salty" taste.
955:
1488:
GHB and GBL users can adopt a '24/7' dosing regime. This is where the user has become tolerant to the effects of the drug, increasing the dosage and frequency of dosage simply to avoid withdrawal symptoms.
1454:
If taken undiluted by mouth, GBL can cause esophageal and gastro-intestinal irritation. It is possible for oral ingestion of GBL to cause nausea and other similar problems, possibly more so than with GHB.
1608:: GBL has been classified as a psychotropic substance since 22 February 2012. Its trafficking is limited, and non-licensed selling, buying or any other use is punishable by imprisonment up to 20 years.
2502:
van
Nieuwenhuijzen PS, McGregor, IS (1 August 2009). "Sedative and hypothermic effects of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) in rats alone and in combination with other drugs: assessment using biotelemetry".
1343:(lactonase) enzymes, found in the blood. Animals which lack these enzymes exhibit no effect from GBL. GBL is more lipophilic (fat soluble) than GHB, and so is absorbed faster and has higher
798:
7075:
2477:
2175:
6869:
5591:
1446:
Due to the fact that those with limited chemistry knowledge can make GBL with easy-to-get precursors, it has become quite popular among young people in French nightclubs.
1012:
1954:
7478:
6521:
6481:
4641:
3024:
1793:
833:
1763:
1118:
and may be present in similar products. The concentration detected was approximately 5 μg/mL and was easily observed using a simple extraction technique followed by
1758:[Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese).
1466:
the increased sedation and risk of vomiting results in a high risk of fatality. Many harm reduction organisations suggest never mixing the two drugs as a result.
1347:. Because of these pharmacokinetic differences, GBL tends to be more potent and faster-acting than GHB, but has a shorter duration; whereas the related compound
841:
4046:
1625:, except where a person does so knowing or believing that they will be used for the purpose of human ingestion. Otherwise it is a class B controlled substance.
977:
1621:
Because of their legitimate uses, regulation 4B of the 2001 regulations makes it lawful to import, export, produce, supply, offer to supply or possess GBL and
2907:
419:
7467:
5248:
5165:
1916:
Elliott S, Burgess V (2005). "The presence of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) in alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages".
7535:
1388:
which increases sleep related growth hormone (GH) secretion, GBL was sold as a nutritional supplement after the scheduling of GHB, under the names
6531:
2115:
2078:
Hong M, Chen EY (2015). "Completely recyclable biopolymers with linear and cyclic topologies via ring-opening polymerization of γ-butyrolactone".
2113:
Hong M, Chen EX (2016). "Towards Truly
Sustainable Polymers: A Metal-Free Recyclable Polyester from Biorenewable Non-Strained γ-Butyrolactone".
5584:
5550:
1412:(naturally produced) and its recreational use comes entirely as a result of this. GBL overdose can cause irrational behavior, severe sickness,
1114:
GBL has been found in extracts from samples of unadulterated wines. This finding indicates that GBL is a naturally occurring component in some
2755:"LAW AND JUSTICE LEGISLATION AMENDMENT (SERIOUS DRUG OFFENCES AND OTHER MEASURES) ACT 2005 NO. 129, 2005 - SCHEDULE 1 - Serious drug offences"
6839:
4634:
3017:
2538:
2373:
2220:
1706:
6350:
7540:
5557:
5416:
1119:
2729:
6904:
6355:
2996:
1509:, the common form, so doses are measured in the single milliliter range, either taken all at once or sipped over the course of a night.
6977:
2413:
Galloway G, Frederick-Osborne S, Seymour R, Contini S, Smith D (2000). "Abuse and therapeutic potential of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid".
6927:
5842:
1810:
1751:
1494:
848:
7088:
5867:
7080:
6957:
5577:
5543:
4995:
3751:
855:
384:
7165:
5623:
5075:
4978:
2236:
Teiber J, Draganov D, Du B (2003). "Lactonase and lactonizing activities of human serum paraoxonase (PON1) and rabbit serum PON3".
7007:
6982:
7515:
5110:
4627:
3010:
2921:
5080:
2448:
1696:
1602:
GBL is classified as a drug. A license is mandatory for the manufacture, processing, reworking, importing, distribution of GBL.
5360:
5337:
2754:
1961:
962:
794:
2684:
1469:
There have been news reports of several deaths associated with GBL, usually in combination with alcohol or other depressants.
7520:
7050:
6809:
6511:
688:
255:
6987:
1302:
as the organic solvent. It is frequently mixed with a small ratio of ethylene glycol, "9:1" being common, to vary internal
7137:
6992:
1759:
1755:
1122:
analysis. GBL can be found in cheese flavorings but typically results in a content of 0.0002% GBL in the final foodstuff.
790:
2563:
7460:
5536:
5027:
5010:
1462:), and a sedative effect at higher doses. As a result of this sedation it can cause unconsciousness. When combined with
1193:
776:
327:
6997:
6972:
5881:
2999:
a NIDA Neuroscience
Consortium and OSPC "Cutting Edge" colloquium (27 June 2000 at the Doubletree hotel, Rockville, MD)
2290:"Simultaneous stimulation of slow-wave sleep and growth hormone secretion by gamma-hydroxybutyrate in normal young Men"
1268:
Gamma-Butyrolactone is used as a chemical solvent and a cleaning agent, for example in paint stripping or for cleaning
6864:
6400:
6395:
6390:
4522:
4172:
1249:
348:
6385:
6380:
2150:
1881:
Vose J, Tighe T, Schwartz M, Buel E (2001). "Detection of gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) as a natural component in wine".
802:
4883:
731:
6774:
4277:
4091:
1310:
1019:
622:
7254:
7244:
7098:
6789:
6670:
5614:
3928:
2585:
1640:
1636:
1506:
1409:
1385:
1375:
1363:
1208:
1146:
The yield of this process is approximately 95%. The purification takes place with a liquid-gas-phase extraction.
1084:
7055:
6922:
5837:
5807:
4863:
4705:
4765:
4720:
4254:
4068:
1233:
878:
7002:
5373:
5183:
5065:
4745:
4735:
4715:
1260:), or P4HB. It is further claimed that poly(GBL) is cheaper to make than P4HB, although both are bio-derived.
7035:
1756:"RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial"
7530:
7525:
7505:
7249:
7224:
6879:
5682:
4740:
4664:
1423:
To bypass GHB restriction laws, home synthesis kits were introduced to transform GBL and/or 1,4-B into GHB.
1299:
1229:
4918:
4500:
726:
232:
6645:
6506:
6240:
5482:
4387:
4326:
4140:
3100:
2449:"'There could be 100 comas in the year': Paris police chief reacts to rise of GBL, GHB overdoses in clubs"
2271:
1273:
1095:
1073:
7404:
7020:
5672:
4928:
2730:"Crew 2000 | GHB/ GBL Dependancy [sic] | | Drugs information, advice & support, Scotland, UK"
2057:
1791:
Wolfgang
Schwarz, Jürgen Schossig, Roland Rossbacher, Rolf Pinkos, Hartmut Höke (2019). "Butyrolactone".
6486:
5444:
4670:
4308:
4122:
1979:
1632:
1322:
1091:
754:
719:
595:
174:
6285:
7209:
6874:
6729:
6365:
5876:
5677:
5040:
4908:
4457:
3975:
2702:
Santos C, Olmedo RE (2017). "Sedative-Hypnotic Drug
Withdrawal Syndrome: Recognition And Treatment".
2639:"[Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB): more than a date rape drug, a potentially addictive drug]"
1253:
1215:
1189:
565:
58:
6215:
3834:
2288:
Van Cauter E, Plat L, Scharf MB, Leproult R, Cespedes S, l'Hermite-Balériaux M, Copinschi G (1997).
7259:
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6723:
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6064:
5886:
5777:
4898:
4888:
4873:
4730:
3943:
3938:
3505:
3062:
2885:
1827:
1295:
1257:
1222:
1134:
at a temperature of 180–300 °C and atmospheric pressure in the presence of a copper catalyst.
786:
365:
100:
4893:
4878:
4868:
2637:
Karila L, Novarin J, Megarbane B, Cottencin O, Dally S, Lowenstein W, Reynaud M (1 October 2009).
7500:
7439:
6448:
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6082:
5737:
5727:
5606:
5218:
5115:
5016:
4656:
4374:
3804:
3720:
3085:
2363:
1863:
1658:
1162:
6541:
6305:
5050:
4923:
4750:
1434:
7399:
7394:
7389:
7384:
7379:
7344:
7015:
6759:
4913:
3495:
2834:
2733:
1351:(1,4-B) tends to be slightly less potent and slower to take effect but longer-acting than GHB.
7510:
7369:
7354:
7229:
7070:
7065:
7040:
6799:
6701:
6635:
6330:
6092:
5939:
5894:
5732:
5717:
5712:
5687:
3767:
3725:
3558:
3485:
3233:
3228:
2935:
2793:
2711:
2666:
2658:
2519:
2478:"Drogue : " L'interdiction de vente au public du GBL n'a rien changé à la consommation ""
2430:
2369:
2319:
2253:
2216:
2176:"Insider tell you why the GBL Cleaner is the best solution for these nasty dirties and stains"
2132:
2095:
1933:
1898:
1855:
1847:
1806:
1702:
1226:
1182:
949:
134:
6551:
6310:
4938:
4775:
4770:
2829:
2033:
1236:, GBL undergoes deprotonation of the alpha carbon atom to the carbonyl. The related compound
7359:
7194:
6947:
6605:
6405:
6335:
6170:
6068:
5900:
5781:
5326:
5276:
5150:
5045:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4943:
4755:
3908:
3518:
2963:
2862:
2857:
2650:
2511:
2422:
2309:
2301:
2245:
2124:
2087:
2015:
2006:
Metsger L, Bittner S (March 2000). "Autocatalytic
Oxidation of Ethers with Sodium Bromate".
1925:
1890:
1839:
1798:
1204:
1186:
1046:
641:
548:
496:
Weak characteristic odor, comparable to stale water, synthetic melon aroma or burnt plastic
442:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4795:
1252:
of butyrolactone gives polybutyrolactone. The resulting reverts to the monomer by thermal
336:
6706:
6615:
6580:
6248:
6230:
6155:
6112:
5975:
5403:
5238:
4790:
4541:
4493:
4407:
4229:
4194:
3993:
3871:
3789:
3784:
3762:
3644:
3153:
2989:
1992:
1828:"The clinical toxicology of gamma-hydroxybutyrate, gamma-butyrolactone and 1,4-butanediol"
1344:
1309:
It has been used as a solvent in various laboratory experiments, e.g., the preparation of
1150:
891:
194:
2949:
1635:
controlled chemical. As a GHB analog, it is also treated as a controlled substance under
1327:
GBL is not active in its own right; its mechanism of action stems from its identity as a
2888:(in Simplified Chinese). The State Council - The People's Republic of China. 7 June 2021
1536:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
154:
110:
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6104:
6096:
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5925:
5890:
5434:
5388:
5296:
5266:
5228:
5140:
4780:
4700:
4313:
4241:
4127:
4038:
3988:
3932:
3903:
3892:
3876:
3772:
3253:
3198:
3095:
3080:
3050:
2812:"section 7c of chapter B of part A of the 1st appendix of the Dangerous Drugs Act 1973"
2337:
1653:
1622:
1473:
1463:
1359:
1348:
1154:
1131:
990:
608:
369:
236:
45:
2983:
2426:
2314:
2289:
2249:
2019:
1354:
7494:
7199:
6889:
6696:
6584:
6565:
6501:
6428:
6340:
6290:
6256:
6219:
6180:
6130:
5970:
5965:
5955:
5919:
5822:
5757:
5707:
5656:
5600:
5393:
5383:
5155:
5105:
5090:
4933:
4710:
4566:
4556:
4546:
4515:
4435:
4300:
4259:
4114:
4073:
4008:
3913:
3866:
3861:
3839:
3799:
3677:
3662:
3414:
3409:
3399:
3316:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3193:
3183:
3178:
3168:
3148:
3090:
2811:
2515:
2456:
1733:
1712:
1277:
1072:. It is mainly used as an intermediate in the production of other chemicals, such as
537:
527:
225:
1929:
1867:
806:
7156:
7127:
7121:
6932:
6719:
6682:
6678:
6600:
6496:
6184:
6159:
6135:
5857:
5662:
5495:
5378:
5271:
5233:
5188:
5178:
5130:
5070:
5060:
5055:
4681:
4650:
4608:
4510:
4505:
4415:
4318:
4269:
4204:
4132:
4083:
4028:
4023:
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3715:
3710:
3705:
3695:
3690:
3652:
3548:
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3384:
3326:
3311:
3213:
3173:
3163:
3143:
3138:
3128:
3118:
3041:
2688:
1272:. Butyrolactone is a precursor to other chemicals. Reaction with methylamine gives
1237:
1103:
782:
36:
17:
5261:
2389:
1802:
1458:
GHB has biphasic effects, a euphoric effect at low doses (the reason for the term
1069:
2210:
1843:
1256:. It is claimed that poly(GBL) is competitive with commercial biomaterial poly(4-
768:
300:
7409:
7334:
7269:
7108:
7045:
6952:
6894:
6804:
6674:
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6625:
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6275:
6264:
6260:
6210:
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6072:
6054:
5949:
5915:
5772:
5722:
5702:
5652:
5301:
5145:
5095:
4903:
4593:
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4532:
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4397:
4382:
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4287:
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4018:
4003:
3963:
3824:
3819:
3814:
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3657:
3586:
3566:
3528:
3404:
3341:
3336:
3281:
3266:
3238:
3203:
3188:
3123:
3110:
3075:
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1340:
1303:
1061:
937:
917:
867:
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7294:
7204:
7113:
7103:
6962:
6779:
6769:
6754:
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6744:
6711:
6690:
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6595:
6575:
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6432:
6424:
6325:
6320:
6315:
6300:
6252:
6225:
6190:
6165:
6024:
6019:
6013:
5960:
5909:
5905:
5792:
5647:
5510:
5500:
5467:
5457:
5306:
5223:
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5203:
5193:
5125:
4953:
4588:
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4452:
4425:
4360:
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4331:
4214:
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4199:
4189:
4150:
4145:
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3998:
3983:
3794:
3700:
3596:
3576:
3543:
3533:
3523:
3513:
3480:
3462:
3447:
3394:
3389:
3351:
3346:
3321:
3306:
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3261:
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2654:
1178:
1099:
559:
470:
245:
185:
3002:
2662:
2638:
2390:"USDOJ: U.S. Department of Justice Archive National Drug Intelligence Center"
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5697:
5505:
5350:
5291:
5198:
5135:
5120:
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4832:
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4392:
4282:
4249:
4184:
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4013:
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3809:
3616:
3601:
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3490:
3452:
3442:
3434:
3419:
3376:
3366:
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3331:
3286:
3223:
3158:
2612:
664:
5569:
2715:
2670:
2523:
2434:
2257:
2136:
2128:
2099:
1937:
1902:
1859:
4619:
2794:"Consolidated federal laws of Canada, Controlled Drugs and Substances Act"
2323:
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7349:
7339:
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7274:
7214:
7117:
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6715:
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3611:
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3571:
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3218:
3133:
3037:
3033:
2616:
1438:
FDA warning against products containing GHB and its prodrugs, such as GBL
1269:
854:
847:
840:
813:
764:
572:
205:
2058:"New, fully recyclable and biodegradable plastic could change the world"
1294:
Butyrolactone, with its wide liquid range, chemical stability, and high
1214:. In acidic water, a mixture of the lactone and acid forms exists in an
214:
7324:
7309:
7219:
7132:
6859:
6819:
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6370:
6195:
5935:
5851:
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5429:
5286:
4850:
4527:
4264:
4078:
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3849:
3756:
3475:
3208:
2091:
1405:
1381:
1328:
1219:
1174:
1080:
584:
580:
576:
501:
287:
2305:
1894:
1505:
A milliliter of pure GBL metabolizes to the equivalent 1.65 g of
7189:
6140:
6043:
5747:
5320:
4760:
4578:
3730:
3626:
2768:
2589:
2341:
1596:: GBL was regulated as a Class III drug precursor since 7 June 2021.
1557:
possessing, selling or driving under the influence of the substance.
1201:
165:
989:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
760:
5249:
5166:
1426:
275:
7234:
6884:
6610:
6460:
6076:
5692:
4805:
4800:
4785:
4603:
3923:
1433:
1425:
1417:
1353:
1282:
311:
145:
133:
123:
7329:
7142:
6824:
6794:
6536:
6526:
6466:
6456:
6452:
6039:
5281:
5085:
3070:
1826:
Schep LJ, Knudsen K, Slaughter RJ, Vale JA, Mégarbane B (2012).
1413:
1287:
1158:
1149:
In the laboratory, it may also be obtained via the oxidation of
1115:
1065:
491:
266:
5573:
4623:
3006:
2685:"GHB addiction, GHB physical n psychological dependency levels"
1283:
1130:γ-Butyrolactone is produced industrially by dehydrogenation of
1064:, colorless, water-miscible liquid with a weak, characteristic
6244:
1516:
1280:. It is also used as a solvent in lotions and some polymers.
5417:
353:
6840:
2964:"Information Bulletin: GHB Analogs; GBL, BD, GHV, and GVL"
2539:"Coroner's 'Russian roulette' warning over GBL party drug"
825:
2338:"Erowid GHB vault: FDA Warning about Gamma Butyrlactone"
1584:
GBL was classified as a proscribed substance from 2007.
971:
5361:
5338:
1007:
7166:
5624:
4979:
2922:"Socialutskottets betänkande 2010/11:SoU5 - Riksdagen"
4443:
2950:"The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) Order 2022"
1376:
Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid § Sports and athletics
1232:. When treated with a non-nucleophilic base, such as
5028:
7164:
7155:
6838:
5622:
5613:
5481:
5443:
5415:
5359:
5336:
5319:
5254:
Tooltip Vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter
5247:
5171:
Tooltip Sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporters
5164:
5026:
5009:
4977:
4680:
4663:
4481:
4434:
4406:
4373:
4353:
4299:
4240:
4228:
4171:
4113:
4037:
3974:
3962:
3891:
3739:
3676:
3643:
3625:
3557:
3504:
3461:
3433:
3375:
3252:
3109:
3061:
3049:
254:
872:98 °C (208 °F; 371 K) (closed cup)
2365:Psychopharmacology: Drugs, the Brain and Behavior
2151:"Gamma-Gamma-Butyrolactone：an industrial solvent"
1240:can be used to make a polyester in this manner.
299:
2830:"wetten.nl - Regeling - Opiumwet - BWBR0001941"
829:
532:−43.53 °C (−46.35 °F; 229.62 K)
109:
5483:
1794:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
5585:
5445:
4651:
4635:
4047:Serotonin antagonists and reuptake inhibitors
3018:
2272:"Gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) Pre-Review Report"
1949:
1947:
1218:. These compounds then may go on to form the
8:
5422:Tooltip Hydroxyacid-oxoacid transhydrogenase
1701:(90th ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
1290:is an herbicide produced from butyrolactone.
5601:
4436:
7161:
6849:Tooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid A-rho receptor
5619:
5592:
5578:
5570:
5333:
5023:
4677:
4642:
4628:
4620:
4237:
3971:
3058:
3025:
3011:
3003:
2204:
2202:
368:
235:
193:
28:
2886:"国务院办公厅关于同意将α-苯乙酰乙酸甲酯等6种物质列入易制毒化学品品种目录的函"
2613:"GBL drug death identified by UK doctors"
2313:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1323:gamma-hydroxybutyrate § Pharmacology
335:
1056:
1052:
5366:Tooltip 4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase
5343:Tooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase
2116:Angewandte Chemie International Edition
2051:
2049:
2034:"Sandmeyer Reaction of GABA to GBL/GHB"
1669:
1472:Gamma-Butyrolactone is often used as a
424:
389:
364:
213:
7174:Tooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor
5632:Tooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid A receptor
4987:Tooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor
2936:"UK Statutory Instrument 2011 No. 448"
2858:"Webwinkels gestopt met handel in GBL"
2215:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 386.
1988:
1977:
886:455 °C (851 °F; 728 K)
542:204 °C (399 °F; 477 K)
226:
1698:CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
1396:, until they were banned by the FDA.
1339:GBL is rapidly converted into GHB by
1157:. An alternative route proceeds from
396:Key: YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
393:InChI=1S/C4H6O2/c5-4-2-1-3-6-4/h1-3H2
173:
153:
7:
7479:GABA metabolism/transport modulators
5033:Tooltip Monocarboxylate transporters
4682:
2990:"The paint stripper drug that kills"
1288:2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxybutyric acid
403:InChI=1/C4H6O2/c5-4-2-1-3-6-4/h1-3H2
5875:Positive modulators (abridged; see
2908:"Główny Inspektorat Farmaceutyczny"
2769:"GHB - Alcohol and Drug Foundation"
406:Key: YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYAC
290:
274:
1495:Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome
25:
7410:Homotaurine (tramiprosate, 3-APS)
6908:-Chloroacetylcytosine arabinoside
5703:Homotaurine (tramiprosate, 3-APS)
3752:Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate
2537:Edwards, Richard (23 July 2009).
2294:Journal of Clinical Investigation
1578:and to imprisonment for 7 years.
1102:with effects similar to those of
88:gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid lactone
2516:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.03.004
1521:
1153:(THF), for example with aqueous
1138:
997:
926:>5640 mg/kg (dermal, rabbit)
730:
725:
454:
44:
35:
7536:Drug-facilitated sexual assault
6702:Pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)
4825:Positive allosteric modulators:
2611:Casciani D (23 December 2009).
1930:10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.02.014
1766:from the original on 2023-08-03
1380:Due to its property of being a
993:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
5488:Tooltip Aldehyde dehydrogenase
1918:Forensic Science International
689:Occupational safety and health
460:
448:
1:
7461:Receptor/signaling modulators
6616:Isopregnanolone (sepranolone)
5551:Glutamate receptor modulators
5537:Receptor/signaling modulators
5468:Fomepizole (4-methylpyrazole)
5450:Tooltip Alcohol dehydrogenase
2427:10.1016/S0741-8329(99)00090-7
2250:10.1016/S0006-2952(03)00401-5
2020:10.1016/S0040-4020(00)00098-3
1803:10.1002/14356007.a04_495.pub2
1185:conditions, for example in a
1090:(GHB) and is often used as a
86:4-Hydroxybutyric acid lactone
7472:receptor positive modulators
5980:ergoloid (dihydroergotoxine)
2992:. BBC News. October 7, 2005.
2362:Meyer J, Quenzer LF (2005).
2056:Micu A (December 12, 2015).
1883:Journal of Forensic Sciences
1844:10.3109/15563650.2012.702218
1480:Addictiveness and dependence
7541:Neurotransmitter precursors
5558:Glycine receptor modulators
4711:Aceburic acid (GHB acetate)
4278:Tetracyclic antidepressants
4092:Tetracyclic antidepressants
2866:(in Dutch). 9 December 2013
2504:Drug and Alcohol Dependence
2212:Forensic Chemistry Handbook
2209:Kobilinsky L (2011-11-29).
1695:Lide DR, ed. (2009-06-03).
1250:ring-opening polymerization
906:or concentration (LD, LC):
7557:
6671:Nonsteroidal antiandrogens
2792:Branch LS (May 19, 2023).
2484:(in French). 17 April 2018
1594:People's Republic of China
1373:
1320:
1311:methylammonium lead halide
7452:
5528:
4255:Tricyclic antidepressants
4069:Tricyclic antidepressants
2655:10.1016/j.lpm.2009.05.017
1641:Controlled Substances Act
1530:This section needs to be
1276:, and with ammonia gives
1079:In humans, GBL acts as a
987:
944:>2.68 mg/kg (rat, 4h)
902:
706:
686:
681:
435:
415:
380:
93:
69:
57:
52:
43:
34:
6220:sulfonmethane (sulfonal)
5544:GABA receptor modulators
3840:Sulfonmethane (sulfonal)
2838:(in Dutch). 19 July 2019
2368:. Sinauer. p. 370.
2238:Biochemical Pharmacology
1762:(published 2023-04-04).
1234:lithium diisopropylamide
1126:Production and synthesis
777:Precautionary statements
7516:GABAB receptor agonists
4327:Atypical antipsychotics
4141:Atypical antipsychotics
2798:laws-lois.justice.gc.ca
2395:. Usdoj.gov. 2012-06-15
1797:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
1760:Diário Oficial da União
1300:electrolytic capacitors
1230:1,6-Dioxecane-2,7-dione
1223:poly(4-hydroxybutyrate)
7099:5α-Dihydroprogesterone
6646:Morphine-3-glucuronide
6306:Hyenachin (mellitoxin)
6191:Retigabine (ezogabine)
4501:Chlorophenylalkyldiols
4309:Typical antipsychotics
4123:Typical antipsychotics
2588:. GMFA. Archived from
2129:10.1002/anie.201601092
1987:Cite journal requires
1631:GBL is regulated as a
1439:
1431:
1370:Nutritional supplement
1366:
1291:
1163:diazonium intermediate
1096:central nervous system
1074:N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
924:1540 mg/kg (oral, rat)
836:
7521:GHB receptor agonists
6487:Chlorophenylsilatrane
5374:α-Ketoisocaproic acid
1734:"gamma-Butyrolactone"
1437:
1429:
1358:Metabolic pathway of
1357:
1286:
1068:. It is the simplest
835:
7437:Negative modulators:
7317:Positive modulators:
7210:Arbaclofen placarbil
7096:Negative modulators:
6945:Positive modulators:
6730:Pregnenolone sulfate
6366:17-Phenylandrostenol
6348:Negative modulators:
6233:constituents (e.g.,
6203:constituents (e.g.,
6065:Neuroactive steroids
6042:constituents (e.g.,
5778:Neuroactive steroids
4687:Tooltip GHB receptor
4458:Gabapentin enacarbil
3506:Neuroactive steroids
3476:Apronal (apronalide)
1571:prohibition of GHB.
1493:symptoms similar to
1212:-hydroxybutyric acid
1088:-hydroxybutyric acid
980:(Psychoactive drugs)
938:median concentration
818:(fire diamond)
702:Toxic and flammable
59:Preferred IUPAC name
7026:Gabazine (SR-95531)
7016:CGP-36742 (SGS-742)
6724:dihydropicrotoxinin
6449:Bicyclic phosphates
6361:11-Ketoprogesterone
6296:Gabazine (SR-95531)
6121:pyrazolopyrimidines
4846:Gabazine (SR-95531)
1832:Clinical Toxicology
1296:dielectric constant
549:Solubility in water
478: g·mol
31:
18:Gamma-Butyrolactone
6547:FG-7142 (ZK-31906)
6093:Nonbenzodiazepines
5209:Mesalazine (5-ASA)
5116:Phenylpyruvic acid
4746:GHV (4-methyl-GHB)
4523:Diethylpropanediol
3805:Dichloralphenazone
3721:Methylmethaqualone
3559:Nonbenzodiazepines
3086:Diethylpropanediol
2092:10.1038/nchem.2391
1659:Succinic anhydride
1440:
1432:
1430:Jugs of seized GBL
1367:
1292:
1020:Infobox references
837:
29:
7488:
7487:
7448:
7447:
7370:2-Hydroxysaclofen
7151:
7150:
7041:Isonipecotic acid
6406:Anabolic steroids
6376:α5IA (LS-193,268)
6286:Dihydrosecurinine
6171:Pyrazolopyridines
5940:potassium bromide
5938:compounds (e.g.,
5901:Anabolic steroids
5879:for a full list):
5733:Isonipecotic acid
5567:
5566:
5524:
5523:
5406:
5330:
5315:
5314:
5041:α-Ketoisocaproate
5020:
5005:
5004:
4858:Unknown/unsorted:
4674:
4617:
4616:
4369:
4368:
4167:
4166:
3887:
3886:
3768:Potassium bromide
3726:Nitromethaqualone
3234:Thiotetrabarbital
3081:Ethanol (alcohol)
2691:on July 26, 2010.
2649:(10): 1526–1538.
2375:978-0-87893-534-5
2306:10.1172/JCI119587
2222:978-0-471-73954-8
2123:(13): 4188–4193.
2014:(13): 1905–1910.
1895:10.1520/JFS15116J
1708:978-1-4200-9084-0
1551:
1550:
1400:Recreational drug
1092:recreational drug
1049:with the formula
1028:Chemical compound
1026:
1025:
975:
956:Fisher Scientific
950:Safety data sheet
755:Hazard statements
655:1.435, 1.4341 (20
486:Colorless liquid
349:CompTox Dashboard
135:Interactive image
16:(Redirected from
7548:
7195:4-Fluorophenibut
7175:
7171:
7162:
7031:Gaboxadol (THIP)
6948:Allopregnanolone
6850:
6846:
6581:Fluoroquinolones
6336:Thiocolchicoside
6156:Piperidinediones
6113:imidazopyridines
6069:allopregnanolone
5976:Dihydroergolines
5891:drinking alcohol
5782:allopregnanolone
5698:Gaboxadol (THIP)
5633:
5629:
5620:
5603:
5594:
5587:
5580:
5571:
5489:
5485:
5451:
5447:
5423:
5419:
5407:-Glucuronic acid
5404:
5367:
5363:
5344:
5340:
5334:
5324:
5255:
5251:
5172:
5168:
5151:Sodium valproate
5046:Acetoacetic acid
5034:
5030:
5024:
5014:
4988:
4984:
4944:Prochlorperazine
4688:
4684:
4678:
4668:
4653:
4644:
4637:
4630:
4621:
4542:muscle relaxants
4445:
4442:
4238:
3972:
3909:4-Fluorophenibut
3645:Piperidinediones
3519:Allopregnanolone
3101:Trichloroethanol
3059:
3027:
3020:
3013:
3004:
2997:"All About GHB,"
2993:
2972:
2971:
2960:
2954:
2953:
2946:
2940:
2939:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2882:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2871:
2854:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2826:
2820:
2819:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2779:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2732:. Archived from
2726:
2720:
2719:
2699:
2693:
2692:
2687:. Archived from
2681:
2675:
2674:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2623:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2582:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2560:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2474:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2455:. Archived from
2453:Resident Advisor
2445:
2439:
2438:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2394:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2359:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2349:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2317:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2268:
2262:
2261:
2233:
2227:
2226:
2206:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2110:
2104:
2103:
2080:Nature Chemistry
2075:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2065:
2053:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1990:
1985:
1983:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1966:
1960:. Archived from
1959:
1951:
1942:
1941:
1924:(2–3): 289–292.
1913:
1907:
1906:
1889:(5): 1164–1167.
1878:
1872:
1871:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1788:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1711:. Archived from
1692:
1686:
1681:, 12th edition,
1674:
1546:
1543:
1537:
1525:
1524:
1517:
1335:Pharmacokinetics
1198:-hydroxybutyrate
1187:sodium hydroxide
1142:
1094:. GHB acts as a
1070:4-carbon lactone
1059:
1047:organic compound
1010:
1004:
1001:
1000:
973:
970:
898:16% v/v (upper)
896:3.6% v/v (lower)
892:Explosive limits
857:
850:
843:
828:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
770:
766:
762:
734:
729:
676:
672:
658:
642:Refractive index
616:
521:
517:
513:
509:
477:
462:
456:
450:
443:Chemical formula
373:
372:
357:
355:
339:
303:
292:
278:
258:
239:
228:
217:
197:
177:
157:
137:
113:
72:Dihydrofuran-2(3
48:
39:
32:
30:γ-Butyrolactone
21:
7556:
7555:
7551:
7550:
7549:
7547:
7546:
7545:
7491:
7490:
7489:
7484:
7471:
7444:
7173:
7170:
7147:
6875:Homohypotaurine
6848:
6844:
6834:
6707:Phenylsilatrane
6249:chloral hydrate
6216:Sulfonylalkanes
6105:cyclopyrrolones
5926:Benzodiazepines
5678:Dihydromuscimol
5631:
5628:
5609:
5598:
5568:
5563:
5520:
5487:
5477:
5449:
5439:
5421:
5411:
5365:
5355:
5342:
5323:
5311:
5253:
5243:
5239:Salicyclic acid
5170:
5160:
5032:
5013:
5001:
4986:
4983:
4973:
4909:azido-BnOPh-GHB
4686:
4667:
4659:
4648:
4618:
4613:
4477:
4440:
4430:
4402:
4365:
4349:
4295:
4242:Antidepressants
4233:
4224:
4195:Dexmedetomidine
4176:
4163:
4109:
4039:Antidepressants
4033:
3994:Diphenhydramine
3967:
3958:
3896:
3883:
3872:Isovaleric acid
3835:Sulfonylalkanes
3790:Chloral hydrate
3785:Chloral betaine
3763:Lithium bromide
3735:
3672:
3639:
3621:
3553:
3500:
3457:
3429:
3371:
3254:Benzodiazepines
3248:
3154:Ethallobarbital
3105:
3054:
3045:
3031:
2988:
2980:
2975:
2968:www.justice.gov
2962:
2961:
2957:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2891:
2889:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2869:
2867:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2841:
2839:
2828:
2827:
2823:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2791:
2790:
2786:
2777:
2775:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2739:
2737:
2728:
2727:
2723:
2704:Emerg Med Pract
2701:
2700:
2696:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2643:Presse Médicale
2636:
2635:
2631:
2621:
2619:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2595:
2593:
2592:on 20 June 2020
2584:
2583:
2579:
2569:
2567:
2566:. London Friend
2562:
2561:
2557:
2547:
2545:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2487:
2485:
2476:
2475:
2471:
2462:
2460:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2398:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2376:
2361:
2360:
2356:
2347:
2345:
2336:
2335:
2331:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2274:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2223:
2208:
2207:
2200:
2194:
2184:
2182:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2159:
2157:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2063:
2061:
2055:
2054:
2047:
2038:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1986:
1976:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1957:
1953:
1952:
1945:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1813:
1790:
1789:
1778:
1769:
1767:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1738:www.chemsrc.com
1732:
1731:
1727:
1718:
1716:
1709:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1650:
1619:United Kingdom:
1547:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1526:
1522:
1515:
1503:
1482:
1452:
1402:
1378:
1372:
1345:bioavailability
1337:
1325:
1319:
1266:
1258:hydroxybutyrate
1246:
1225:as well as the
1171:
1151:tetrahydrofuran
1128:
1112:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1032:γ-Butyrolactone
1029:
1022:
1017:
1016:
1015: ?)
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
983:
941:
935:
925:
921:
915:
897:
883:
880:
862:
861:
860:
859:
852:
845:
838:
834:
826:
779:
757:
743:
722:
699:
674:
670:
656:
652:
650:
631:
614:
569:
551:
519:
515:
511:
507:
475:
465:
459:
453:
445:
431:
428:
423:
422:
411:
408:
407:
404:
398:
397:
394:
388:
387:
376:
358:
351:
342:
322:
306:
293:
281:
261:
248:
220:
200:
180:
160:
140:
127:
116:
103:
89:
87:
85:
84:4-Butyrolactone
83:
81:
79:
77:
65:
64:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7554:
7552:
7544:
7543:
7538:
7533:
7531:GABA analogues
7528:
7526:Designer drugs
7523:
7518:
7513:
7508:
7506:Gamma-lactones
7503:
7493:
7492:
7486:
7485:
7483:
7482:
7475:
7469:
7464:
7457:
7453:
7450:
7449:
7446:
7445:
7443:
7442:
7433:
7432:
7427:
7422:
7417:
7412:
7407:
7402:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7377:
7372:
7363:
7362:
7357:
7352:
7347:
7342:
7337:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7313:
7312:
7307:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7290:Sodium oxybate
7287:
7282:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7262:
7257:
7252:
7247:
7242:
7237:
7232:
7227:
7222:
7217:
7212:
7207:
7202:
7197:
7192:
7187:
7185:1,4-Butanediol
7178:
7176:
7168:
7159:
7153:
7152:
7149:
7148:
7146:
7145:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7125:
7111:
7106:
7101:
7092:
7091:
7086:
7078:
7073:
7068:
7063:
7058:
7053:
7048:
7043:
7038:
7033:
7028:
7023:
7018:
7013:
7005:
7000:
6995:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6966:
6965:
6960:
6955:
6950:
6941:
6940:
6935:
6930:
6925:
6920:
6915:
6910:
6902:
6897:
6892:
6887:
6882:
6877:
6872:
6867:
6862:
6853:
6851:
6842:
6836:
6835:
6833:
6832:
6827:
6822:
6817:
6812:
6807:
6802:
6797:
6792:
6787:
6782:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6757:
6752:
6747:
6742:
6737:
6732:
6727:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6648:
6643:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6578:
6573:
6559:
6549:
6544:
6539:
6534:
6529:
6524:
6519:
6514:
6509:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6474:
6469:
6464:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6429:cephalosporins
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6358:
6353:
6344:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6313:
6308:
6303:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6269:
6268:
6238:
6235:valerenic acid
6228:
6223:
6213:
6208:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6181:Quinazolinones
6178:
6168:
6163:
6153:
6148:
6138:
6133:
6128:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6037:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6003:
6000:mefenamic acid
5993:
5988:
5983:
5973:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5943:
5933:
5923:
5913:
5903:
5898:
5884:
5871:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5785:
5775:
5770:
5765:
5760:
5755:
5745:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5705:
5700:
5695:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5665:
5660:
5650:
5645:
5636:
5634:
5626:
5617:
5611:
5610:
5599:
5597:
5596:
5589:
5582:
5574:
5565:
5564:
5562:
5561:
5554:
5547:
5540:
5533:
5529:
5526:
5525:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5492:
5490:
5479:
5478:
5476:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5454:
5452:
5441:
5440:
5438:
5437:
5435:Phenanthroline
5432:
5426:
5424:
5413:
5412:
5410:
5409:
5397:
5396:
5391:
5389:Salicylic acid
5386:
5381:
5376:
5370:
5368:
5357:
5356:
5354:
5353:
5347:
5345:
5331:
5317:
5316:
5313:
5312:
5310:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5297:Nipecotic acid
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5267:Bafilomycin A1
5264:
5258:
5256:
5245:
5244:
5242:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5229:Propionic acid
5226:
5221:
5219:Nicotinic acid
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5175:
5173:
5162:
5161:
5159:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5141:Salicylic acid
5138:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5037:
5035:
5021:
5007:
5006:
5003:
5002:
5000:
4999:
4991:
4989:
4981:
4975:
4974:
4972:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4854:
4853:
4848:
4836:
4835:
4830:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4781:Sodium oxybate
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4691:
4689:
4675:
4661:
4660:
4649:
4647:
4646:
4639:
4632:
4624:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4589:Passion flower
4586:
4576:
4571:
4570:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4519:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4498:
4497:
4496:
4485:
4483:
4479:
4478:
4476:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4449:
4447:
4438:
4432:
4431:
4429:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4412:
4410:
4404:
4403:
4401:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4379:
4377:
4371:
4370:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4363:
4357:
4355:
4351:
4350:
4348:
4347:
4346:
4345:
4339:
4334:
4324:
4323:
4322:
4316:
4314:Chlorpromazine
4305:
4303:
4301:Antipsychotics
4297:
4296:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4291:
4285:
4275:
4274:
4273:
4267:
4262:
4252:
4246:
4244:
4235:
4231:
4226:
4225:
4223:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4181:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4161:
4160:
4159:
4153:
4148:
4138:
4137:
4136:
4130:
4128:Chlorpromazine
4119:
4117:
4115:Antipsychotics
4111:
4110:
4108:
4107:
4106:
4105:
4099:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4081:
4076:
4066:
4065:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4043:
4041:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3989:Cyproheptadine
3986:
3980:
3978:
3976:Antihistamines
3969:
3965:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3933:sodium oxybate
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3904:1,4-Butanediol
3900:
3898:
3894:
3889:
3888:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3880:
3879:
3877:Valerenic acid
3874:
3869:
3859:
3854:
3853:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3776:
3775:
3773:Sodium bromide
3770:
3765:
3754:
3749:
3743:
3741:
3737:
3736:
3734:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3682:
3680:
3678:Quinazolinones
3674:
3673:
3671:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3649:
3647:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3637:
3631:
3629:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3563:
3561:
3555:
3554:
3552:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3510:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3467:
3465:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3439:
3437:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3381:
3379:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3258:
3256:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3199:Propylbarbital
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3115:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3096:Methylpentynol
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3067:
3065:
3056:
3052:
3047:
3046:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2994:
2986:
2979:
2978:External links
2976:
2974:
2973:
2955:
2941:
2927:
2913:
2899:
2877:
2849:
2821:
2816:www.nevo.co.il
2803:
2784:
2760:
2746:
2721:
2694:
2676:
2629:
2603:
2577:
2555:
2529:
2494:
2469:
2440:
2421:(3): 263–269.
2405:
2381:
2374:
2354:
2329:
2300:(3): 745–753.
2280:
2277:. 4 June 2012.
2263:
2244:(6): 887–896.
2228:
2221:
2198:
2192:
2167:
2142:
2105:
2070:
2045:
2025:
1998:
1989:|journal=
1943:
1908:
1873:
1838:(6): 458–470.
1818:
1812:978-3527306732
1811:
1776:
1754:(2023-03-31).
1743:
1725:
1707:
1687:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1654:1,4-Butanediol
1649:
1646:
1629:United States:
1575:Hong Kong SAR:
1549:
1548:
1529:
1527:
1520:
1514:
1511:
1502:
1499:
1481:
1478:
1474:date rape drug
1460:liquid ecstasy
1451:
1448:
1401:
1398:
1374:Main article:
1371:
1368:
1360:1,4-butanediol
1349:1,4-butanediol
1336:
1333:
1321:Main article:
1318:
1315:
1265:
1262:
1245:
1244:Polymerization
1242:
1170:
1167:
1155:sodium bromate
1144:
1143:
1132:1,4-butanediol
1127:
1124:
1111:
1108:
1043:-butyrolactone
1027:
1024:
1023:
1018:
996:
995:
991:standard state
988:
985:
984:
982:
981:
967:
965:
959:
958:
953:
946:
945:
942:
933:
931:
928:
927:
922:
913:
911:
908:
907:
900:
899:
894:
888:
887:
884:
877:
874:
873:
870:
864:
863:
853:
846:
839:
824:
823:
822:
821:
819:
810:
809:
799:P305+P351+P338
780:
775:
772:
771:
758:
753:
750:
749:
744:
739:
736:
735:
723:
718:
715:
714:
704:
703:
700:
697:
694:
693:
684:
683:
679:
678:
667:
661:
660:
653:
648:
640:
637:
636:
633:
629:
619:
618:
611:
609:Vapor pressure
605:
604:
601:
592:
591:
567:
562:
556:
555:
552:
547:
544:
543:
540:
534:
533:
530:
524:
523:
504:
498:
497:
494:
488:
487:
484:
480:
479:
473:
467:
466:
463:
457:
451:
446:
441:
438:
437:
433:
432:
430:
429:
426:
418:
417:
416:
413:
412:
410:
409:
405:
402:
401:
399:
395:
392:
391:
383:
382:
381:
378:
377:
375:
374:
361:
359:
347:
344:
343:
341:
340:
332:
330:
324:
323:
321:
320:
316:
314:
308:
307:
305:
304:
296:
294:
286:
283:
282:
280:
279:
271:
269:
263:
262:
260:
259:
251:
249:
244:
241:
240:
230:
222:
221:
219:
218:
210:
208:
202:
201:
199:
198:
190:
188:
182:
181:
179:
178:
170:
168:
162:
161:
159:
158:
150:
148:
142:
141:
139:
138:
130:
128:
121:
118:
117:
115:
114:
106:
104:
99:
96:
95:
91:
90:
71:
67:
66:
62:
61:
55:
54:
50:
49:
41:
40:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7553:
7542:
7539:
7537:
7534:
7532:
7529:
7527:
7524:
7522:
7519:
7517:
7514:
7512:
7509:
7507:
7504:
7502:
7499:
7498:
7496:
7481:
7480:
7476:
7474:
7473:
7465:
7463:
7462:
7458:
7455:
7454:
7451:
7441:
7438:
7435:
7434:
7431:
7428:
7426:
7423:
7421:
7418:
7416:
7413:
7411:
7408:
7406:
7403:
7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7386:
7383:
7381:
7378:
7376:
7373:
7371:
7368:
7365:
7364:
7361:
7358:
7356:
7353:
7351:
7348:
7346:
7343:
7341:
7338:
7336:
7333:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7315:
7314:
7311:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7268:
7266:
7263:
7261:
7258:
7256:
7253:
7251:
7248:
7246:
7243:
7241:
7238:
7236:
7233:
7231:
7228:
7226:
7223:
7221:
7218:
7216:
7213:
7211:
7208:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7200:Aceburic acid
7198:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7183:
7180:
7179:
7177:
7172:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7154:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7134:
7131:
7129:
7126:
7123:
7119:
7115:
7112:
7110:
7107:
7105:
7102:
7100:
7097:
7094:
7093:
7090:
7087:
7085:
7083:
7079:
7077:
7074:
7072:
7069:
7067:
7064:
7062:
7059:
7057:
7054:
7052:
7049:
7047:
7044:
7042:
7039:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7024:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7010:
7006:
7004:
7001:
6999:
6996:
6994:
6991:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6968:
6967:
6964:
6961:
6959:
6956:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6946:
6943:
6942:
6939:
6936:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6919:
6916:
6914:
6911:
6909:
6907:
6903:
6901:
6898:
6896:
6893:
6891:
6890:Ibotenic acid
6888:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6878:
6876:
6873:
6871:
6868:
6866:
6863:
6861:
6858:
6855:
6854:
6852:
6847:
6837:
6831:
6828:
6826:
6823:
6821:
6818:
6816:
6813:
6811:
6808:
6806:
6803:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6793:
6791:
6788:
6786:
6783:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6743:
6741:
6738:
6736:
6735:Propybicyphat
6733:
6731:
6728:
6725:
6721:
6717:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6697:Oenanthotoxin
6695:
6692:
6688:
6684:
6680:
6676:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6662:
6659:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6606:Iomazenil (I)
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6586:
6585:ciprofloxacin
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6571:
6567:
6566:amentoflavone
6563:
6560:
6557:
6553:
6550:
6548:
6545:
6543:
6540:
6538:
6535:
6533:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6510:
6508:
6505:
6503:
6502:Cyclothiazide
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6462:
6458:
6454:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6434:
6430:
6426:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6346:
6345:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6291:Famiraprinium
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6271:
6270:
6266:
6262:
6258:
6257:diethyl ether
6254:
6250:
6246:
6242:
6239:
6236:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6221:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6206:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6186:
6182:
6179:
6176:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6161:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6146:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6131:Norfluoxetine
6129:
6126:
6122:
6118:
6114:
6110:
6106:
6102:
6098:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6078:
6074:
6070:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6045:
6041:
6038:
6035:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6018:
6015:
6011:
6007:
6004:
6001:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5981:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5971:Clomethiazole
5969:
5967:
5966:Chlormezanone
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5956:Carbamazepine
5954:
5951:
5947:
5944:
5941:
5937:
5934:
5931:
5927:
5924:
5921:
5920:phenobarbital
5917:
5914:
5911:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5896:
5892:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5873:
5872:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5853:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5823:Quisqualamine
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5783:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5758:Methylglyoxal
5756:
5753:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5708:Ibotenic acid
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5664:
5661:
5658:
5657:phenobarbital
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5638:
5637:
5635:
5630:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5612:
5608:
5605:
5595:
5590:
5588:
5583:
5581:
5576:
5575:
5572:
5560:
5559:
5555:
5553:
5552:
5548:
5546:
5545:
5541:
5539:
5538:
5534:
5531:
5530:
5527:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5493:
5491:
5486:
5480:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5455:
5453:
5448:
5442:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5427:
5425:
5420:
5414:
5408:
5402:
5399:
5398:
5395:
5394:Valproic acid
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5384:Phenylacetate
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5371:
5369:
5364:
5358:
5352:
5349:
5348:
5346:
5341:
5335:
5332:
5328:
5322:
5318:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5259:
5257:
5252:
5246:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5176:
5174:
5169:
5163:
5157:
5156:Valproic acid
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5106:Niflumic acid
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5091:Hexanoic acid
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5038:
5036:
5031:
5025:
5022:
5018:
5012:
5008:
4997:
4993:
4992:
4990:
4985:
4976:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4934:Levosulpiride
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4899:4-Phenyl-THCA
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4889:4-Methyl-THCA
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4874:3-Methyl-THCA
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4859:
4856:
4855:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4841:
4838:
4837:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4696:
4693:
4692:
4690:
4685:
4679:
4676:
4672:
4666:
4662:
4658:
4655:
4645:
4640:
4638:
4633:
4631:
4626:
4625:
4622:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4584:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4568:
4567:Methocarbamol
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4557:Mephenoxalone
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4547:Chlorphenesin
4545:
4544:
4543:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4517:
4516:Phenaglycodol
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4503:
4502:
4499:
4495:
4492:
4491:
4490:
4487:
4486:
4484:
4480:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4450:
4448:
4446:
4433:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4413:
4411:
4409:
4405:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4378:
4376:
4372:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4356:
4352:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4329:
4328:
4325:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4304:
4302:
4298:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4280:
4279:
4276:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4260:Amitriptyline
4258:
4257:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4247:
4245:
4243:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4227:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4178:
4170:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4143:
4142:
4139:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4125:
4124:
4121:
4120:
4118:
4116:
4112:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4094:
4093:
4090:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4074:Amitriptyline
4072:
4071:
4070:
4067:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4049:
4048:
4045:
4044:
4042:
4040:
4036:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4009:Methapyrilene
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3977:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3961:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3934:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3914:Aceburic acid
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3899:
3897:
3890:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3867:Isovaleramide
3865:
3864:
3863:
3862:Sesquiterpene
3860:
3858:
3855:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3800:Clomethiazole
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3738:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3679:
3675:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3663:Pyrithyldione
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3650:
3648:
3646:
3642:
3636:
3633:
3632:
3630:
3628:
3624:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3560:
3556:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3464:
3460:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3436:
3432:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3415:Phenprobamate
3413:
3411:
3410:Methocarbamol
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3400:Hexapropymate
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3378:
3374:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3317:Flutoprazepam
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3302:Flunitrazepam
3300:
3298:
3297:Flunitrazolam
3295:
3293:
3292:Flubromazolam
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3251:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3194:Phenobarbital
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3184:Pentobarbital
3182:
3180:
3179:Narcobarbital
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3169:Mephobarbital
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3149:Cyclobarbital
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3091:Ethchlorvynol
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3048:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3028:
3023:
3021:
3016:
3014:
3009:
3008:
3005:
2998:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2985:
2984:Erowid on GBL
2982:
2981:
2977:
2969:
2965:
2959:
2956:
2951:
2945:
2942:
2938:. 2011-02-18.
2937:
2931:
2928:
2923:
2917:
2914:
2909:
2903:
2900:
2887:
2881:
2878:
2865:
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2799:
2795:
2788:
2785:
2774:
2770:
2764:
2761:
2756:
2750:
2747:
2736:on 2016-03-19
2735:
2731:
2725:
2722:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2698:
2695:
2690:
2686:
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2648:
2644:
2640:
2633:
2630:
2618:
2614:
2607:
2604:
2591:
2587:
2586:"GHB and GBL"
2581:
2578:
2565:
2559:
2556:
2544:
2543:The Telegraph
2540:
2533:
2530:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2510:(3): 137–47.
2509:
2505:
2498:
2495:
2483:
2479:
2473:
2470:
2459:on 2018-04-20
2458:
2454:
2450:
2444:
2441:
2436:
2432:
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2420:
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2409:
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2205:
2203:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2181:
2177:
2171:
2168:
2156:
2155:Chemical Book
2152:
2146:
2143:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2117:
2109:
2106:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2074:
2071:
2060:. ZME Science
2059:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2035:
2029:
2026:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2002:
1999:
1994:
1981:
1967:on 2014-10-06
1963:
1956:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1912:
1909:
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1808:
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1800:
1796:
1795:
1787:
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1783:
1781:
1777:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1747:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1729:
1726:
1715:on 2011-07-16
1714:
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1342:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1324:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1298:, is used in
1297:
1289:
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1279:
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876:
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869:
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851:
844:
820:
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778:
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773:
759:
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748:
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724:
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621:
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586:
582:
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574:
570:
563:
561:
558:
557:
553:
550:
546:
545:
541:
539:
538:Boiling point
536:
535:
531:
529:
528:Melting point
526:
525:
505:
503:
500:
499:
495:
493:
490:
489:
485:
482:
481:
474:
472:
469:
468:
447:
444:
440:
439:
434:
425:
421:
414:
400:
390:
386:
379:
371:
367:
366:DTXSID6020224
363:
362:
360:
350:
346:
345:
338:
334:
333:
331:
329:
326:
325:
318:
317:
315:
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284:
277:
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270:
268:
265:
264:
257:
253:
252:
250:
247:
243:
242:
238:
234:
231:
229:
227:ECHA InfoCard
224:
223:
216:
212:
211:
209:
207:
204:
203:
196:
192:
191:
189:
187:
184:
183:
176:
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171:
169:
167:
164:
163:
156:
152:
151:
149:
147:
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143:
136:
132:
131:
129:
125:
120:
119:
112:
108:
107:
105:
102:
98:
97:
92:
80:Butyrolactone
75:
68:
60:
56:
51:
47:
42:
38:
33:
27:
19:
7477:
7466:
7459:
7436:
7367:Antagonists:
7366:
7316:
7181:
7157:Metabotropic
7128:Pregnanolone
7122:picrotoxinin
7095:
7081:
7008:
6978:(S)-4-ACPBPA
6973:(S)-2-MeGABA
6970:Antagonists:
6969:
6944:
6933:Thiomuscimol
6905:
6856:
6720:picrotoxinin
6683:enzalutamide
6679:bicalutamide
6601:Golexanolone
6497:Cloflubicyne
6347:
6273:Antagonists:
6272:
6185:methaqualone
6160:glutethimide
6136:Petrichloral
6097:β-carbolines
5916:Barbiturates
5874:
5858:Thiomuscimol
5663:Beta-Alanine
5653:Barbiturates
5643:(+)-Catechin
5639:
5556:
5549:
5542:
5535:
5496:Acetaldehyde
5400:
5379:Ethosuximide
5272:Butyric acid
5234:Pyruvic acid
5189:Butyric acid
5179:Benzoic acid
5131:Pyruvic acid
5071:Butyric acid
5061:Benzoic acid
5056:Atorvastatin
4894:4-Phenyl-GHB
4879:4-Benzyl-GHB
4869:3-Methyl-GHB
4860:
4857:
4842:
4840:Antagonists:
4839:
4828:(+)-Catechin
4824:
4725:
4697:
4694:
4609:Valnoctamide
4511:Metaglycodol
4506:Fenpentadiol
4416:Daridorexant
4319:Thioridazine
4270:Trimipramine
4205:Medetomidine
4133:Thioridazine
4084:Trimipramine
4029:Propiomazine
4024:Promethazine
3830:Petrichloral
3815:Kavalactones
3747:Acetophenone
3716:Methaqualone
3711:Mecloqualone
3706:Mebroqualone
3696:Diproqualone
3691:Cloroqualone
3653:Glutethimide
3549:Progesterone
3539:Hydroxydione
3471:Acecarbromal
3385:Carisoprodol
3327:Lormetazepam
3312:Flutemazepam
3214:Secobarbital
3174:Methohexital
3164:Hexobarbital
3144:Butobarbital
3139:Butabarbital
3129:Aprobarbital
3119:Allobarbital
3111:Barbiturates
2967:
2958:
2944:
2930:
2916:
2902:
2890:. Retrieved
2880:
2868:. Retrieved
2861:
2852:
2840:. Retrieved
2833:
2824:
2815:
2806:
2797:
2787:
2776:. Retrieved
2772:
2763:
2749:
2738:. Retrieved
2734:the original
2724:
2707:
2703:
2697:
2689:the original
2679:
2646:
2642:
2632:
2620:. Retrieved
2606:
2594:. Retrieved
2590:the original
2580:
2568:. Retrieved
2558:
2546:. Retrieved
2542:
2532:
2507:
2503:
2497:
2486:. Retrieved
2481:
2472:
2461:. Retrieved
2457:the original
2452:
2443:
2418:
2414:
2408:
2397:. Retrieved
2384:
2364:
2357:
2346:. Retrieved
2344:. 1998-11-21
2332:
2297:
2293:
2283:
2266:
2241:
2237:
2231:
2211:
2195:
2183:. Retrieved
2179:
2170:
2158:. Retrieved
2154:
2145:
2120:
2114:
2108:
2086:(1): 42–49.
2083:
2079:
2073:
2062:. Retrieved
2037:. Retrieved
2028:
2011:
2007:
2001:
1980:cite journal
1969:. Retrieved
1962:the original
1921:
1917:
1911:
1886:
1882:
1876:
1835:
1831:
1821:
1792:
1768:. Retrieved
1746:
1737:
1728:
1717:. Retrieved
1713:the original
1697:
1690:
1682:
1676:
1672:
1628:
1627:
1618:
1617:
1611:
1610:
1605:
1604:
1599:
1598:
1593:
1592:
1587:
1586:
1581:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1542:January 2020
1539:
1531:
1513:Legal status
1504:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1471:
1468:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1445:
1441:
1422:
1403:
1393:
1389:
1379:
1338:
1326:
1317:Pharmacology
1308:
1293:
1267:
1247:
1238:caprolactone
1209:
1195:
1172:
1148:
1145:
1129:
1113:
1104:barbiturates
1085:
1078:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1030:
963:Legal status
903:
879:Autoignition
814:
746:
708:
698:Main hazards
687:
645:
626:
597:
312:RTECS number
94:Identifiers
73:
70:Other names
63:Oxolan-2-one
26:
7440:Compound 14
7270:Lesogaberan
7109:Loreclezole
7046:Loreclezole
6983:(S)-4-ACPCA
6963:Lanthanides
6953:Alphaxolone
6895:Isoguvacine
6805:Terbequinil
6675:apalutamide
6666:Nicardipine
6626:Laudanosine
6433:carbapenems
6425:penicillins
6281:Coriamyrtin
6276:Bicuculline
6265:sevoflurane
6261:paraldehyde
6211:Stiripentol
6088:Niacinamide
6073:cholesterol
6055:Loreclezole
5950:meprobamate
5906:Avermectins
5773:Nefiracetam
5738:Kojic amine
5728:Isomuscimol
5723:Isoguvacine
5302:Valinomycin
5146:Simvastatin
5096:Lactic acid
5011:Transporter
4904:Amisulpride
4786:T-HCA (GHC)
4716:BDDA (DABD)
4594:Scopolamine
4538:Guaifenesin
4533:Fenadiazole
4489:Cannabidiol
4463:Mirogabalin
4421:Lemborexant
4398:Tasimelteon
4383:Agomelatine
4342:Risperidone
4288:Mirtazapine
4177:-Adrenergic
4156:Risperidone
4102:Mirtazapine
4052:Etoperidone
4019:Pheniramine
4004:Hydroxyzine
3825:Paraldehyde
3820:Loreclezole
3686:Afloqualone
3668:Piperidione
3658:Methyprylon
3587:Pazinaclone
3567:Eszopiclone
3529:Alphaxolone
3524:Alphadolone
3463:Monoureides
3405:Meprobamate
3342:Nitemazepam
3337:Nimetazepam
3282:Doxefazepam
3267:Cinolazepam
3239:Vinbarbital
3204:Proxibarbal
3189:Phenallymal
3124:Amobarbital
3076:Chloralodol
2710:(3): 1–20.
2482:Le Monde.fr
2008:Tetrahedron
1678:Merck Index
1588:Netherlands
1394:Renewtrient
1341:paraoxonase
1304:resistivity
1278:pyrrolidone
1216:equilibrium
1062:hygroscopic
918:median dose
904:Lethal dose
881:temperature
868:Flash point
741:Signal word
692:(OHS/OSH):
613:1.5 kPa (20
589:ethyl ether
564:Soluble in
514:°C), 1.1296
483:Appearance
436:Properties
233:100.002.282
175:ChEMBL95681
155:CHEBI:42639
82:1,4-Lactone
7495:Categories
7295:SKF-97,541
7205:Arbaclofen
7114:Picrotoxin
7104:Bilobalide
6780:Suritozole
6770:Sarmazenil
6755:Ro 19-4603
6750:Ro 15-4513
6745:Radequinil
6712:Picrotoxin
6691:nilutamide
6661:Naltrexone
6596:Furosemide
6576:Flumazenil
6570:oroxylin A
6562:Flavonoids
6542:Etbicyphat
6472:Bilobalide
6439:Basmisanil
6326:Sinomenine
6321:Securinine
6316:Pitrazepin
6301:Hydrastine
6253:chloroform
6226:Topiramate
6166:Propanidid
6030:Imidazoles
6025:Flupirtine
6020:Fluoxetine
6014:hispidulin
6006:Flavonoids
5961:Chloralose
5946:Carbamates
5910:ivermectin
5848:Terpenoids
5793:PF-6372865
5648:Bamaluzole
5615:Ionotropic
5607:modulators
5511:Disulfiram
5501:Cimetidine
5458:Cimetidine
5401:Enhancers:
5327:inhibitors
5307:Vigabatrin
5277:Evans blue
5224:Probenecid
5204:Ketoprofen
5194:Fenoprofen
5126:Probenecid
5051:AR-C155858
4954:Sultopride
4861:Main site:
4843:Main site:
4698:Main site:
4657:modulators
4562:Metaxalone
4552:Mephenesin
4473:Pregabalin
4453:Gabapentin
4426:Suvorexant
4361:Niaprazine
4337:Quetiapine
4332:Olanzapine
4215:Tizanidine
4210:Romifidine
4200:Lofexidine
4190:Detomidine
4151:Quetiapine
4146:Olanzapine
4057:Nefazodone
3999:Doxylamine
3984:Captodiame
3795:Chloralose
3759:compounds
3701:Etaqualone
3597:Suproclone
3577:Lirequinil
3544:Minaxolone
3534:Eltanolone
3514:Acebrochol
3481:Bromisoval
3448:Metomidate
3435:Imidazoles
3395:Ethinamate
3390:Emylcamate
3377:Carbamates
3352:Nitrazolam
3347:Nitrazepam
3322:Loprazolam
3307:Flurazepam
3277:Clonazolam
3272:Climazolam
3262:Brotizolam
3244:Vinylbital
3229:Thiopental
2892:11 October
2870:9 December
2778:2023-07-17
2773:adf.org.au
2740:2010-08-06
2488:2018-04-19
2463:2018-04-19
2399:2014-01-22
2348:2013-10-10
2064:2015-12-13
2039:2018-06-14
1971:2014-03-31
1770:2023-08-16
1719:2011-07-18
1665:References
1637:Schedule I
1554:Australia:
1390:Revivarant
1362:, GBL and
1179:hydrolyzed
1110:Occurrence
1100:depressant
720:Pictograms
560:Solubility
471:Molar mass
337:OL659KIY4X
246:IUPHAR/BPS
186:ChemSpider
122:3D model (
101:CAS Number
7501:Sedatives
7430:SKF-97541
7425:SCH-50911
7415:Phaclofen
7400:CGP-64213
7395:CGP-55845
7390:CGP-54626
7385:CGP-52432
7380:CGP-46381
7375:CGP-35348
7345:CGP-13501
7320:ADX-71441
7305:Tolgabide
7285:Progabide
7280:Picamilon
7265:Isovaline
7182:Agonists:
7084:-3-ACPBPA
7061:SKF-97541
7011:-3-ACPBPA
6938:Tolgabide
6918:Progabide
6913:Picamilon
6857:Agonists:
6765:RO4938581
6760:RO4882224
6687:flutamide
6621:L-655,708
6591:Flurothyl
6492:Cicutoxin
6477:Bupropion
6444:Bemegride
6421:β-Lactams
6411:Amiloride
6241:Volatiles
6175:etazolate
6151:Phenytoin
6109:zopiclone
6101:abecarnil
6060:Monastrol
6050:Lanthanum
6034:etomidate
5996:Fenamates
5991:Etifoxine
5986:Etazepine
5863:Tolgabide
5813:Progabide
5803:Picamilon
5788:Org 20599
5763:Monastrol
5743:L-838,417
5640:Agonists:
5506:Cyanamide
5351:Quercetin
5292:Nigericin
5262:β-Alanine
5199:Ibuprofen
5136:Quercetin
5121:Phloretin
4949:Sulpiride
4914:BnOPh-GHB
4833:Monastrol
4695:Agonists:
4599:Trazodone
4540:-related
4393:Ramelteon
4388:Melatonin
4375:Melatonin
4283:Mianserin
4250:Trazodone
4185:Clonidine
4097:Mianserin
4062:Trazodone
4014:Perlapine
3857:Triclofos
3810:Gaboxadol
3617:Zopiclone
3602:Suriclone
3592:Saripidem
3582:Necopidem
3496:Ectylurea
3491:Carbromal
3453:Propoxate
3443:Etomidate
3420:Procymate
3367:Triazolam
3362:Temazepam
3332:Midazolam
3287:Estazolam
3224:Thiamylal
3159:Heptabarb
3038:sedatives
3034:Hypnotics
2835:Wetten.nl
2663:2213-0276
2596:18 August
2570:18 August
2564:"GBL/GHB"
1852:1556-3650
1404:GBL is a
1177:, GBL is
1169:Reactions
1060:. It is
803:P403+P233
795:P301+P312
711:labelling
665:Viscosity
554:Miscible
427:O=C1OCCC1
319:LU3500000
7511:Solvents
7456:See also
7420:Saclofen
7355:rac-BHFF
7350:GS-39783
7340:CGP-7930
7300:SL 75102
7275:Phenibut
7230:Gabamide
7215:Baclofen
7118:picrotin
7071:SR-95813
7066:SR-95318
6988:2-MeTACA
6900:Muscimol
6830:ZK-93426
6800:TCS-1105
6785:TB-21007
6716:picrotin
6656:Naloxone
6641:Morphine
6636:MaxiPost
6556:fipronil
6552:Fiproles
6522:(+)-DMBB
6517:Dieldrin
6416:Anisatin
6331:SR-42641
6231:Valerian
6205:baicalin
6201:Skullcap
6145:propofol
6125:zaleplon
6117:zolpidem
6010:apigenin
5930:diazepam
5887:Alcohols
5828:SL-75102
5818:Propofol
5798:Phenibut
5768:Muscimol
5752:honokiol
5718:iso-THIP
5713:iso-THAZ
5688:Gabamide
5604:receptor
5532:See also
5516:Prunetin
5473:Pyrazole
5214:Naproxen
5101:Luteolin
5017:blockers
4998:instead.
4665:Receptor
4654:receptor
4583:morphine
4574:Midaflur
4494:Cannabis
4468:Phenibut
4220:Xylazine
3949:Phenibut
3919:Baclofen
3845:Tetronal
3780:Centalun
3635:Propofol
3612:Zolpidem
3607:Zaleplon
3572:Indiplon
3486:Capuride
3425:Tybamate
3357:Quazepam
3219:Talbutal
3134:Barbital
3063:Alcohols
2716:28186869
2671:19762202
2617:BBC News
2524:19446408
2435:10869868
2258:12963475
2137:26934184
2100:26673263
1938:15939164
1903:11569560
1868:19697449
1860:22746383
1764:Archived
1648:See also
1568:Germany:
1331:of GHB.
1270:graffiti
1254:cracking
1190:solution
978:Class B1
815:NFPA 704
682:Hazards
573:methanol
518:g/mL (20
510:g/mL (15
206:DrugBank
7325:BHF-177
7310:Tolibut
7220:BL-1020
7133:ROD-188
6998:4-ACPAM
6993:3-APMPA
6860:BL-1020
6820:U-93631
6815:Thujone
6740:PWZ-029
6714:(i.e.,
6673:(e.g.,
6651:MRK-016
6631:Lindane
6583:(e.g.,
6564:(e.g.,
6554:(e.g.,
6423:(e.g.,
6401:β-EMGBL
6311:PHP-501
6247:(e.g.,
6218:(e.g.,
6196:ROD-188
6183:(e.g.,
6173:(e.g.,
6158:(e.g.,
6143:(e.g.,
6141:Phenols
6123:(e.g.,
6115:(e.g.,
6107:(e.g.,
6099:(e.g.,
6095:(e.g.,
6067:(e.g.,
6032:(e.g.,
6008:(e.g.,
5998:(e.g.,
5978:(e.g.,
5948:(e.g.,
5936:Bromide
5928:(e.g.,
5918:(e.g.,
5908:(e.g.,
5889:(e.g.,
5882:α-EMTBL
5852:borneol
5850:(e.g.,
5833:Taurine
5780:(e.g.,
5750:(e.g.,
5748:Lignans
5668:BL-1020
5655:(e.g.,
5463:Ethanol
5430:Cyanide
5287:Glycine
4939:NCS-400
4851:NCS-382
4776:NCS-435
4771:NCS-356
4671:ligands
4581:(e.g.,
4579:Opioids
4528:Evoxine
4265:Doxepin
4079:Doxepin
3954:Tolibut
3850:Trional
3757:Bromide
3627:Phenols
3209:Reposal
2842:19 July
2415:Alcohol
2324:9239423
2185:21 June
2160:21 June
1639:of the
1612:Sweden:
1600:Poland:
1582:Israel:
1561:Canada:
1532:updated
1497:(BWS).
1464:alcohol
1450:Dangers
1406:prodrug
1382:prodrug
1329:prodrug
1220:polymer
1194:sodium
1175:lactone
1081:prodrug
1051:O=CO(CH
1013:what is
1011: (
623:Acidity
585:benzene
581:acetone
577:ethanol
502:Density
288:PubChem
215:DB04699
111:96-48-0
7360:KK-92A
7190:3-APPA
6958:ATHDOC
6512:DHEA-S
6351:1,3M1B
6083:Niacin
6044:kavain
5321:Enzyme
4969:UMB119
4964:UMB109
4959:UMB108
4884:4-HPBA
4761:HOCPCA
4756:HOCHCA
4701:1,4-BD
4482:Others
4408:Orexin
4354:Others
4344:, etc.
4321:, etc.
4290:, etc.
4272:, etc.
4158:, etc.
4135:, etc.
4104:, etc.
4086:, etc.
3740:Others
3731:SL-164
2863:Emerce
2714:
2669:
2661:
2622:May 1,
2548:May 1,
2522:
2433:
2372:
2342:Erowid
2322:
2315:508244
2312:
2256:
2219:
2180:Medium
2135:
2098:
1936:
1901:
1866:
1858:
1850:
1809:
1752:Anvisa
1705:
1633:List I
1623:1,4-BD
1606:Russia
1202:sodium
1200:, the
1181:under
1161:via a
1098:(CNS)
1045:is an
1008:verify
1005:
976:
952:(SDS)
747:Danger
675:
673:cP (25
671:
657:
615:
603:−0.76
520:
516:
512:
508:
506:1.1286
476:86.090
420:SMILES
276:C01770
166:ChEMBL
53:Names
7250:GHBAL
7235:GABOB
7138:THDOC
7082:trans
7076:TPMPA
7051:P4MPA
7003:4-GBA
6885:GABOB
6611:IPTBO
6461:IPTBO
6396:β-CCP
6391:β-CCM
6386:β-CCE
6381:β-CCB
6341:Tutin
6245:gases
6077:THDOC
5693:GABOB
5362:GHBDH
5250:VIATT
5167:SMCTs
4864:2-HPA
4821:UMB86
4816:UMB73
4811:UMB72
4806:UMB68
4801:UMB66
4796:UMB58
4741:GHBAL
4706:3-HPA
4604:UMB68
3924:GABOB
2393:(PDF)
2275:(PDF)
1965:(PDF)
1958:(PDF)
1864:S2CID
1507:NaGHB
1418:death
1227:dimer
1210:gamma
1196:gamma
1192:into
1183:basic
1173:As a
1120:GC/MS
1116:wines
1086:gamma
1041:gamma
1038:) or
385:InChI
146:ChEBI
124:JSmol
76:)-one
7468:GABA
7405:DAVA
7335:BSPP
7330:BHFF
7225:GABA
7167:GABA
7143:Zinc
7089:ZAPA
7036:I4AA
7021:DAVA
6928:TAMP
6923:TACA
6880:GABA
6870:CAMP
6865:CACA
6841:GABA
6825:Zinc
6810:TETS
6795:TBPS
6790:TBOB
6722:and
6537:EBOB
6532:DMPC
6527:DMCM
6507:DHEA
6482:CHEB
6467:BIDN
6457:TBPO
6453:TBPS
6371:α3IA
6356:3M2B
6040:Kava
5895:2M2B
5877:here
5868:ZAPA
5843:TAMP
5838:TACA
5683:GABA
5673:DAVA
5625:GABA
5602:GABA
5484:ALDH
5282:GABA
5111:NPPB
5086:DIDS
5081:DBDS
5076:CHCA
5029:MCTs
4996:here
4994:See
4980:GABA
4929:GTBL
4683:GHBR
4444:VDCC
4230:5-HT
3893:GABA
3071:2M2B
3051:GABA
3042:N05C
2894:2021
2872:2013
2844:2019
2712:PMID
2667:PMID
2659:ISSN
2624:2012
2598:2014
2572:2014
2550:2012
2520:PMID
2431:PMID
2370:ISBN
2320:PMID
2254:PMID
2217:ISBN
2187:2024
2162:2024
2133:PMID
2096:PMID
1993:help
1934:PMID
1899:PMID
1856:PMID
1848:ISSN
1807:ISBN
1703:ISBN
1683:1632
1501:Dose
1416:and
1414:coma
1392:and
1264:Uses
1248:The
1205:salt
1159:GABA
1083:for
1066:odor
807:P501
791:P280
787:P270
783:P264
769:H336
765:H318
761:H302
677:°C)
659:°C)
635:4.5
617:°C)
596:log
522:°C)
492:Odor
328:UNII
301:7302
267:KEGG
256:5462
195:7029
7260:GVL
7255:GHV
7245:GHB
7240:GBL
7056:P4S
7009:cis
6775:SCS
6119:),
6111:),
6103:),
5808:P4S
5446:ADH
5418:HOT
5339:SSR
5184:BHB
5066:BHB
4924:DVL
4919:DHV
4791:THF
4766:MAB
4751:GVL
4736:GHB
4731:GCL
4726:GBL
4721:EAB
4652:GHB
3944:GVL
3939:GBL
3929:GHB
2651:doi
2512:doi
2508:103
2423:doi
2310:PMC
2302:doi
2298:100
2246:doi
2125:doi
2088:doi
2016:doi
1926:doi
1922:151
1891:doi
1840:doi
1799:doi
1410:GHB
1408:of
1386:GHB
1384:of
1364:GHB
1274:NMP
1207:of
1036:GBL
709:GHS
669:1.7
575:,
566:CCl
354:EPA
291:CID
78:GBL
7497::
7120:,
6845:-ρ
6718:,
6689:,
6685:,
6681:,
6677:,
6568:,
6459:,
6455:,
6431:,
6427:,
6263:,
6259:,
6255:,
6251:,
6127:))
6075:,
6071:,
6012:,
5893:,
4823:;
4232:2A
2966:.
2860:.
2832:.
2814:.
2796:.
2771:.
2708:19
2706:.
2665:.
2657:.
2647:38
2645:.
2641:.
2615:.
2541:.
2518:.
2506:.
2480:.
2451:.
2429:.
2419:20
2417:.
2340:.
2318:.
2308:.
2296:.
2292:.
2252:.
2242:66
2240:.
2201:^
2178:.
2153:.
2131:.
2121:55
2119:.
2094:.
2082:.
2048:^
2012:56
2010:.
1984::
1982:}}
1978:{{
1946:^
1932:.
1920:.
1897:.
1887:46
1885:.
1862:.
1854:.
1846:.
1836:50
1834:.
1830:.
1805:.
1779:^
1736:.
1476:.
1420:.
1313:.
1306:.
1165:.
1106:.
1076:.
972:BR
934:50
932:LC
914:50
912:LD
805:,
801:,
797:,
793:,
789:,
785:,
767:,
763:,
713::
632:)
625:(p
587:,
583:,
579:,
571:,
7470:A
7169:B
7124:)
7116:(
6906:N
6843:A
6726:)
6693:)
6587:)
6572:)
6558:)
6463:)
6451:(
6435:)
6267:)
6243:/
6237:)
6222:)
6207:)
6187:)
6177:)
6162:)
6147:)
6079:)
6046:)
6036:)
6016:)
6002:)
5982:)
5952:)
5942:)
5932:)
5922:)
5912:)
5897:)
5854:)
5784:)
5754:)
5659:)
5627:A
5593:e
5586:t
5579:v
5405:D
5329:)
5325:(
5019:)
5015:(
4982:B
4673:)
4669:(
4643:e
4636:t
4629:v
4585:)
4441:δ
4439:2
4437:α
4175:2
4173:α
3966:1
3964:H
3935:)
3931:(
3895:B
3053:A
3044:)
3040:(
3036:/
3026:e
3019:t
3012:v
2970:.
2952:.
2924:.
2910:.
2896:.
2874:.
2846:.
2818:.
2800:.
2781:.
2757:.
2743:.
2718:.
2673:.
2653::
2626:.
2600:.
2574:.
2552:.
2526:.
2514::
2491:.
2466:.
2437:.
2425::
2402:.
2378:.
2351:.
2326:.
2304::
2260:.
2248::
2225:.
2189:.
2164:.
2139:.
2127::
2102:.
2090::
2084:8
2067:.
2042:.
2022:.
2018::
1995:)
1991:(
1974:.
1940:.
1928::
1905:.
1893::
1870:.
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1815:.
1801::
1773:.
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1722:.
1685:.
1544:)
1540:(
1534:.
1057:3
1055:)
1053:2
1034:(
1003:Y
974::
940:)
936:(
920:)
916:(
856:1
849:1
842:2
651:)
649:D
646:n
644:(
630:a
627:K
598:P
568:4
464:2
461:O
458:6
455:H
452:4
449:C
356:)
352:(
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74:H
20:)
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