29:
388:
439:. However subsequent analysis suggests that the Hipparcos measurements were not precise enough to accurately determine the orbits. According to a 2008 paper, its inclination was being calculated via astrometry with Hubble, with publication expected by mid-2009.
403:. This was done by making precise measurements of the Doppler shift of the spectrum of 14 Herculis. Prior to this analysis, another possible explanation of previous Doppler shift analysis included face-on
469:
Because of the wide separation between this planet and its host star, and the proximity of the 14 Herculis system to the Sun, it is a promising candidate for direct imaging of the planet, as the
1028:
821:
1033:
473:
of the planet and host star will be large enough that the light from the planet and star might be spatially resolved. However, a search made using the
1023:
793:
Fritz
Benedict, G.; McArthur, Barbara E.; Bean, Jacob L. (2008). "HST FGS astrometry - the value of fractional millisecond of arc precision".
947:
693:
Mayor, M.; et al. (1998). "Searching for giant planets at the Haute-Provence
Observatory". In Hearnshaw, J. B.; Scarfe, C. D. (eds.).
96:
712:
1013:
886:
44:
372:
208:
75:
115:
505:
375:
team. The discovery was formally published in 2003. At the time of discovery it was the extrasolar planet with the longest
448:, and refined by further astrometric studies in 2022 and 2023. The inclination is 35.7°, corresponding to a true mass of
902:
740:
940:
738:
Pourbaix, D. & Arenou, F. (2001). "Screening the
Hipparcos-based astrometric orbits of sub-stellar objects".
540:
54:
711:
Dominique Naef; Michel Mayor; Jean-Luc Beuzit; Christian
Perrier; Didier Queloz; Jean-Pierre Sivan; et al.
590:
353:
1018:
247:
713:"Extrasolar Planetary Systems or Spectroscopic Binaries? Discrimination using Spectral Line Properties"
586:"The 14 Her Planetary System: Companion Masses and Architecture from Radial Velocities and Astrometry"
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840:
759:
663:
609:
549:
404:
139:
81:
191:
858:
830:
794:
775:
749:
653:
599:
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444:
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The inclination and true mass of 14 Herculis b were finally measured in 2021, using data from
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673:
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557:
277:
107:
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613:
553:
156:
391:
Radial velocity changes over time of 14 Herculis caused by the orbit of 14 Herculis b.
1007:
992:
862:
435:
threshold that some astronomers use to define the distinction between a planet and a
364:
349:
506:"14 Herculis: A new extrasolar planet discovered at the Haute Provence Observatory"
453:
315:
779:
771:
971:
956:
509:
436:
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360:
288:
238:
853:
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641:
622:
585:
416:
345:
910:
881:
482:
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428:
420:
341:
265:
88:
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period, though longer-period planets have subsequently been discovered.
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did not make such a detection, confirming the object is not a star.
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658:
604:
562:
535:
386:
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226:
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14 Herculis b was detected by measuring variations in its star's
640:
Bardalez
Gagliuffi, Daniella C.; et al. (1 December 2021).
427:
of 155.3° with respect to plane of the sky, which would imply a
357:
300:
183:
929:
172:
371:
but much more massive. It was discovered in July 1998 by the
817:"3D Selection of 167 Substellar Companions to Nearby Stars"
584:
Benedict, G. F.; McArthur, B. E.; et al. (May 2023).
815:
Feng, Fabo; Butler, R. Paul; et al. (August 2022).
423:
satellite suggested that this planet has an orbital
980:
964:
642:"14 Her: A Likely Case of Planet–Planet Scattering"
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206:
190:
154:
138:
113:
106:
94:
87:
73:
63:
53:
43:
38:
33:
The exoplanet 14 Herculis b as rendered by
Celestia
536:"Seven New Keck Planets Orbiting G and K Dwarfs"
635:
633:
16:Extrasolar planet in the constellation Hercules
579:
577:
575:
573:
941:
534:Butler, R. Paul; et al. (January 2003).
8:
529:
527:
431:of 11.1 times that of Jupiter, close to the
21:
822:The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
500:
498:
363:, with a mass that would make the planet a
948:
934:
926:
27:
852:
834:
798:
753:
677:
667:
657:
621:
603:
561:
697:. IAU Colloqu. 170. San Francisco: ASP.
494:
1029:Exoplanets detected by radial velocity
706:
704:
20:
356:. The planet was found orbiting the
209:Longitude of ascending node
7:
14:
1034:Exoplanets detected by astrometry
695:Precise Stellar Radial Velocities
646:The Astrophysical Journal Letters
887:Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia
373:Geneva Extrasolar Planet Search
1:
1024:Exoplanets discovered in 1998
399:as a result of the planet's
882:"Notes for Planet 14 Her b"
248:Argument of periastron
1050:
772:10.1051/0004-6361:20010597
741:Astronomy and Astrophysics
49:Naef et al.; Butler et al.
541:The Astrophysical Journal
419:measurements made by the
367:roughly the same size as
327:
157:Orbital period (sidereal)
26:
1014:Hercules (constellation)
854:10.3847/1538-4365/ac7e57
679:10.3847/2041-8213/ac382c
623:10.3847/1538-3881/acd93a
591:The Astronomical Journal
295:Physical characteristics
69:January 2003 (published)
880:Jean Schneider (2011).
764:2001A&A...372..935P
227:Time of periastron
108:Orbital characteristics
67:6 July 1998 (announced)
405:spectroscopic binaries
392:
390:
82:Doppler spectroscopy
845:2022ApJS..262...21F
805:, for "HD 145675 b"
669:2021ApJ...922L..43B
614:2023AJ....166...27B
554:2003ApJ...582..455B
344:approximately 58.4
64:Discovery date
55:Discovery site
23:
471:angular separation
393:
45:Discovered by
1001:
1000:
433:deuterium burning
331:
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97:Alternative names
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943:
936:
927:
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909:. Archived from
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755:astro-ph/0104412
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729:
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715:. Archived from
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637:
628:
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508:. Archived from
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76:Detection method
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24:
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913:on 19 July 2008
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475:adaptive optics
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116:Semi-major axis
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874:External links
872:
869:
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748:(3): 935–944.
730:
719:on 18 May 2011
700:
685:
629:
569:
563:10.1086/344570
548:(1): 455–466.
523:
512:on 2 July 2007
493:
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465:Direct imaging
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411:Orbit and mass
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266:Semi-amplitude
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1019:Giant planets
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994:
993:14 Herculis c
991:
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988:14 Herculis b
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903:"14 Herculis"
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365:Jovian planet
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359:
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350:constellation
347:
343:
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334:14 Herculis b
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22:14 Herculis b
19:
987:
915:. Retrieved
911:the original
906:
893:30 September
891:. Retrieved
885:
826:
820:
810:
788:
745:
739:
733:
723:10 September
721:. Retrieved
717:the original
694:
688:
649:
645:
595:
589:
545:
539:
514:. Retrieved
510:the original
468:
443:
441:
415:Preliminary
414:
394:
348:away in the
337:
333:
332:
316:
182:0.0006
140:Eccentricity
89:Designations
18:
972:14 Herculis
957:14 Herculis
800:0803.0296v1
477:CFHT 3.60m
437:brown dwarf
425:inclination
417:astrometric
361:14 Herculis
346:light-years
289:14 Herculis
233:2,451,368.0
192:Inclination
102:HD 145675 b
59:Switzerland
1008:Categories
907:SolStation
836:2208.12720
829:(21): 21.
659:2111.06004
652:(2). L43.
605:2305.11753
489:References
276:0.15
171:0.22
863:251864022
598:(1): 27.
483:Mauna Kea
479:telescope
429:true mass
421:Hipparcos
383:Discovery
342:exoplanet
237:0.5
39:Discovery
354:Hercules
338:14 Her b
981:Planets
917:25 June
841:Bibcode
760:Bibcode
664:Bibcode
610:Bibcode
550:Bibcode
516:28 July
401:gravity
377:orbital
369:Jupiter
959:system
861:
780:378792
778:
452:
340:is an
314:
254:22.28°
178:4.8393
130:
127:−0.039
125:+0.038
965:Stars
859:S2CID
831:arXiv
795:arXiv
776:S2CID
750:arXiv
654:arXiv
600:arXiv
272:90.38
258:0.15°
197:35.7°
149:0.001
145:0.372
122:2.845
919:2008
895:2011
725:2007
518:2007
445:Gaia
358:star
311:−0.8
309:+1.0
301:Mass
285:Star
215:276°
201:3.2°
849:doi
827:262
768:doi
746:372
674:doi
650:922
618:doi
596:166
558:doi
546:582
481:on
450:8.5
352:of
336:or
306:8.5
278:m/s
167:.56
165:767
1010::
905:.
884:.
857:.
847:.
839:.
825:.
819:.
774:.
766:.
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744:.
703:^
672:.
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648:.
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632:^
616:.
608:.
594:.
588:.
572:^
556:.
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538:.
526:^
497:^
461:.
407:.
239:JD
219:5°
184:yr
132:AU
949:e
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865:.
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566:.
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458:J
455:M
320:J
317:M
274:±
256:±
235:±
217:±
199:±
180:±
173:d
169:±
163:1
147:±
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