1386:
47:
1686:
2111:
1510:
2035:
2130:
1326:
1169:. In particular, they argue that the evidence from the strata levels where 14th Dynasty seals have been discovered conclusively establishes that the 14th Dynasty was only contemporary with the 13th Dynasty in the last half century of the latter's existence, i.e., after ca. 1700 BC. Additionally, Manfred Bietak has dated the inscriptions and monuments of Nehesy, possibly the second ruler of the 14th Dynasty, to around 1700 BC as well.
1639:
1994:
1442:
1366:
2092:
1346:
1306:
2073:
2054:
1250:
The order of rulers for this dynasty is established by the Turin Royal Canon and is widely accepted – except for the first five rulers, which are given below after Ryholt. The names of these rulers are not given on the Turin Canon (except for perhaps one), and Ryholt proposes that they were mentioned
1197:
mentions only approximately 56 kings, and does not have enough space to have recorded more than 70. Ryholt also points to excavations at Avaris that revealed the existence of a large royal palace dating to the Second
Intermediate Period. One of its courtyards housed a statue of a king or high-ranking
2016:
1206:
The precise borders of the 14th
Dynasty state are not known, due to the general scarcity of its monuments. In his study of the Second Intermediate Period, Kim Ryholt concludes that the territory directly controlled by the 14th Dynasty roughly consisted of the Nile Delta, with borders located near
1172:
Following the very short reign of Nehesy, most scholars – including
Manfred Bietak and Kim Ryholt – agree that the Delta region was struck by a prolonged famine and perhaps a plague lasting until the end of the 14th Dynasty. The same famine may have affected the 13th Dynasty, which also exhibits
1150:'s rule. He contends that the local Canaanite population residing in the eastern Delta declared their independence and staved off possible attempts from the 13th Dynasty Memphite kings to recover the Delta. According to Ryholt, the 14th Dynasty lasted from 1805 BC until its demise under the
1173:
instability and numerous ephemeral kings in its last 50 years of existence, from ca. 1700 BC until 1650 BC. The weakened state of both kingdoms may explain, in part, why they fell rapidly to the emerging Hyksos power around 1650 BC.
1275:
date to the second half of the Hyksos 15th
Dynasty, and are not contemporary with the 13th Dynasty. According to Ben Tor, these kings were most likely minor vassal rulers of the Hyksos kings that ruled over the Nile Delta.
5978:
1963:
Finally, several rulers attested by contemporary artefacts who are otherwise unknown from the Turin Canon could be dated to the 14th or 15th
Dynasty. Their identities and chronological position remain unclear:
5973:
1198:
official, over twice life-size, and possessing non-Egyptian attributes. For these reasons, Ryholt and most
Egyptologists share the view that Avaris – rather than Xois – was the 14th Dynasty's seat of power.
1263:
of their seals. His conclusions are debated, however, in Ben Tor's study of the strata levels, in which seals attributed to the first five kings have been found. Ben Tor concludes that the reigns of
46:
2138:
Turin Cannon preserves only 'Ap (see uncontested list above). Ryholt and Baker consider proper reconstruction to be 'Apepi, who they thus consider to be the 51st ruler of the 14th
Dynasty,
1016:
2257:
1142:
There are enough gaps in the knowledge of the 14th
Dynasty that its absolute chronological position is debated, and can vary by as much as 75 years between authorities. Egyptologist
6008:
5894:
6003:
1385:
1041:
of Egypt. It lasted between 75 (ca. 1725–1650 BC) and 155 years (ca. 1805–1650 BC), depending on the scholar. The capital of the dynasty was probably
1238:). This indicates the existence of important trade conducted between the 13th Dynasty, the Canaanite city-states, and Nubia. Ryholt further proposes that king
1009:
1218:
Seals attributable to the 14th
Dynasty have been found in Middle and Upper Egypt – then entirely the territory of the 13th Dynasty – and as far south as
5909:
5904:
1002:
5884:
5879:
1049:
based in
Memphis. Some of the contested rulers of the 14th Dynasty (proposed by Kim Ryholt) are commonly identified by Egyptologists as being of
5889:
5869:
2322:
2277:
1412:
The following rulers are not controversial, being established by the Turin Canon – and, for a few of them, by contemporary sources as well:
5968:
5874:
6013:
5988:
5864:
3644:
3432:
1034:
536:
100:
5853:
4614:
4330:
3198:
2458:
2432:
2392:
678:
396:
5998:
5993:
1242:, whom he sees as a 14th Dynasty ruler, married a Nubian princess, queen Tati, to strengthen relations with the Kushite kingdom.
5106:
2142:
1650 BC; von Beckerath sees 'Apepi as a member of the late 16th Dynasty and a vassal of the Hyksos rulers of the 15th Dynasty.
788:
1226:. To the north, seals have been found in the southern Levant, principally along the Mediterranean coast, even as far north as
1053:(Semitic) descent, owing to the distinct origins of the names of some of their kings and princes, like Ipqu (West Semitic for
224:
210:
196:
171:
157:
5899:
5156:
4883:
4739:
2370:
2351:
2301:
1693:
One of the only undisputed 14th Dynasty kings known from contemporary sources (along with Nehesy, Nebsenre, and Merdjefare).
990:
804:
726:
700:
243:
5452:
5242:
5174:
5039:
4906:
4816:
4629:
2747:
890:
844:
817:
774:
743:
739:
713:
687:
270:
5024:
4961:
4244:
2317:, Volume 27 of Orbis biblicus et orientalis / Series archaeologica: Series archaeologica, Academic Press Fribourg 2007,
1110:
765:
601:
5385:
4494:
4406:
3668:
3659:
2385:
1256:
1165:, who argue that the 14th Dynasty could not have emerged before the mid 13th Dynasty, ca. 1720 BC, after the reign of
1128:
1046:
644:
631:
515:
176:
5919:
5214:
4547:
4284:
4111:
4043:
2625:
2402:
1136:
1115:
1106:
830:
657:
576:
558:
247:
203:
189:
5735:
3506:
1135:
period, though the 14th Dynasty overlaps at least partially with either of (or both of) the 13th Dynasty and the
1120:
489:
458:
80:
3580:
3351:
3213:
1124:
502:
405:
162:
5420:
5335:
5312:
3629:
3491:
3428:
3217:
3017:
2833:
1260:
1132:
479:
418:
349:
306:
5924:
5914:
5462:
5441:
5360:
4274:
4134:
3744:
3378:
3338:
3132:
3074:
2958:
2762:
2425:
1146:
proposes that the 14th Dynasty emerged during the late 12th Dynasty, ca. 1805 BC, during or shortly after
444:
431:
375:
362:
336:
290:
5934:
5410:
5375:
5355:
5345:
5307:
3811:
3165:
1223:
3907:
1319:
1255:
in the list, which denotes a lacuna in the original document from which the list was copied during the
51:
Orange shading indicates the territory possibly under control of the 14th Dynasty, according to Ryholt.
5435:
5390:
4763:
4391:
4326:
4179:
4174:
3881:
3876:
3729:
3155:
2943:
2822:
622:
327:
5425:
5400:
5365:
5302:
4677:
4652:
3856:
3851:
3275:
2706:
1685:
5715:
5702:
5279:
4289:
3861:
3836:
2903:
2678:
868:
2315:
Scarabs, Chronology, and Interconnections: Egypt and Palestine in the Second Intermediate Period
2110:
5770:
5749:
5643:
5610:
5322:
4657:
4279:
4159:
3781:
3709:
3367:
3170:
3160:
3092:
2418:
2366:
2347:
2318:
2297:
2273:
2270:
The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I - Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC
1509:
1162:
984:
279:
90:
70:
5949:
5776:
5604:
5370:
5124:
4707:
4004:
3900:
3841:
3265:
3245:
2034:
2009:
1299:
1272:
1058:
2129:
1663:
in the Turin king list, indicating a lacuna in the document from which the list was copied
1325:
5983:
5721:
5691:
5650:
5586:
5330:
5260:
5130:
4469:
4124:
3846:
3240:
2878:
2846:
2685:
2289:
1194:
945:
1638:
5929:
5817:
5615:
5576:
5294:
5250:
5119:
4203:
4129:
3959:
3831:
3791:
3539:
3391:
3356:
3346:
3280:
3235:
3117:
3112:
2692:
2671:
2637:
2000:
1993:
1527:
1395:
1158:
877:
589:
217:
5962:
5496:
5395:
5227:
5197:
4873:
4728:
4585:
4454:
4294:
4269:
4219:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3806:
3613:
3544:
3534:
3396:
3150:
2898:
2841:
2794:
2631:
2590:
2344:
The Political Situation in Egypt During the Second Intermediate Period, C1800-1550 BC
2230:
Janine Bourriau, "The Second Intermediate Period (c.1650-1550 BC)" in Ian Shaw (ed.)
1519:
1403:
1166:
955:
921:
260:
251:
5581:
5415:
5405:
5380:
5232:
5182:
5141:
4867:
4779:
4667:
4580:
4560:
4479:
4444:
4439:
4264:
3974:
3796:
3786:
3749:
3704:
3618:
3608:
3598:
3514:
3230:
3107:
2916:
2857:
2717:
2664:
2569:
1679:
1399:
1090:
1441:
2326:
5685:
5630:
5481:
5430:
5350:
5222:
5114:
5096:
5054:
4965:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4800:
4784:
4757:
4722:
4712:
4647:
4600:
4590:
4575:
4565:
4512:
4474:
4449:
4429:
4419:
4185:
4169:
4144:
4139:
3939:
3866:
3776:
3759:
3714:
3689:
3623:
3603:
3588:
3570:
3300:
3295:
3102:
2929:
2909:
2723:
2657:
2648:
2532:
1147:
911:
1365:
5802:
5756:
5709:
5664:
5636:
5457:
5340:
5265:
5192:
5081:
4896:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4806:
4794:
4774:
4747:
4717:
4697:
4642:
4595:
4570:
4502:
4464:
4434:
4424:
4164:
3964:
3954:
3724:
3719:
3684:
3593:
3565:
3386:
3290:
3285:
3270:
3255:
3063:
3057:
2971:
2699:
2517:
2454:
1541:
1503:
1190:
1143:
1038:
1406:. Chronological position is contested; might be a vassal of the 15th Dynasty
5742:
5657:
5620:
5546:
5540:
5467:
5447:
5164:
5146:
5091:
5071:
4934:
4769:
4752:
4702:
4555:
4522:
4517:
4459:
4258:
4079:
4032:
3944:
3921:
3694:
3560:
3529:
3097:
2923:
2804:
2541:
2201:
2104:
2091:
1359:
1268:
1227:
1078:
17:
3984:
2123:
1940:
1374:
Chronological position is contested; might be a vassal of the 15th Dynasty
1314:
Chronological position is contested; might be a vassal of the 15th Dynasty
2221:
Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 315, 1999, pp.47-73.
5812:
5807:
5796:
5763:
5678:
5671:
5625:
5597:
5591:
5556:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5136:
5076:
4919:
4891:
4484:
4414:
4226:
4212:
4192:
4154:
4066:
4011:
3969:
3801:
3771:
3734:
3679:
3524:
3401:
3306:
3250:
3145:
3052:
3046:
3035:
3001:
2885:
2871:
2864:
2851:
2815:
2555:
2028:
1632:
1212:
1208:
1450:
Best attested king of the dynasty, he left his name on two monuments at
1185:
tradition credits the 14th Dynasty with as many as 76 kings ruling from
5789:
5728:
5571:
5255:
5066:
5060:
5048:
4929:
4924:
4861:
4840:
4685:
4637:
4537:
4527:
4252:
4149:
4119:
4101:
4090:
4073:
4025:
4018:
3949:
3871:
3519:
3327:
3313:
3225:
3176:
3082:
3025:
2976:
2809:
2799:
2779:
2712:
2562:
2441:
2085:
2066:
1646:
Attested by a jar bearing his prenomen. Reigned for at least 5 months.
1489:
1235:
1219:
1182:
1066:
2188:
The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period
1345:
1305:
5696:
5566:
5203:
5086:
4691:
4662:
4532:
4507:
4299:
4233:
4059:
4052:
3979:
3934:
3928:
3754:
3674:
3260:
3087:
3040:
2994:
2966:
2892:
2770:
2729:
2611:
2576:
2548:
1830:
1451:
1435:
1379:
1264:
1239:
1231:
1151:
1094:
1082:
1050:
1042:
562:
60:
1081:. Names in relation with Nubia are also recorded in two cases, king
2072:
1105:
The 14th Dynasty is commonly grouped together with the 13th, 15th,
5782:
5561:
5551:
5529:
5187:
4096:
4084:
3997:
3914:
3765:
3699:
3361:
3183:
3030:
2988:
2982:
2774:
2733:
2604:
2597:
2583:
2047:
2015:
1455:
1339:
1070:
2252:
Manfred Bietak, "Egypt and Canaan During the Middle Bronze Age,"
5534:
5524:
4914:
4789:
3990:
3320:
3140:
3122:
3007:
2789:
2784:
2618:
2053:
1987:
1186:
5842:
4959:
4324:
3426:
2452:
2414:
3739:
27:
Ancient Egyptian dynasty during the Second Intermediate Period
1259:. Rather, Ryholt identifies the first five kings thanks to a
1157:
This hypothesis is not shared by some Egyptologists, such as
5979:
States and territories disestablished in the 17th century BC
2410:
2243:
Bourriau, "The Second Intermediate Period," pp.178-179, 181
5974:
States and territories established in the 19th century BC
1154:
15th Dynasty ca. 1650 BC, lasting a total of 155 years.
1119:. Less commonly, the 14th Dynasty is combined with the
1093:. However, the dynasty rulers are not referred to as
5495:
5480:
5321:
5293:
5278:
5241:
5213:
5173:
5155:
5105:
5038:
5023:
4990:
4981:
4905:
4882:
4815:
4738:
4676:
4628:
4613:
4546:
4493:
4405:
4390:
4355:
4346:
4243:
4202:
4110:
4042:
3890:
3658:
3643:
3579:
3553:
3505:
3490:
3457:
3448:
3377:
3337:
3212:
3197:
3131:
3073:
3016:
2957:
2942:
2832:
2761:
2746:
2647:
2531:
2516:
2483:
2474:
120:
110:
96:
86:
76:
66:
56:
32:
1968:Possible 14th Dynasty pharaohs of Egypt (unclear)
2234:, Oxford University Press, 2000. pp.192 & 194
1045:. The 14th Dynasty existed concurrently with the
1484:Turin canon: reigned 1 year, 5 months, 15 days
1416:14th Dynasty pharaohs of Egypt (not contested)
2426:
1010:
8:
6009:2nd-millennium BC disestablishments in Egypt
1498:Turin canon: reigned 3 years months, 1 day
1280:14th Dynasty pharaohs of Egypt (contested)
1033:was a series of rulers reigning during the
5839:
5492:
5290:
5035:
4987:
4978:
4956:
4625:
4402:
4352:
4343:
4321:
3655:
3502:
3454:
3445:
3423:
3209:
2954:
2758:
2528:
2480:
2471:
2449:
2433:
2419:
2411:
2379:
1189:rather than Avaris. However, Egyptologist
1017:
1003:
239:
45:
29:
6004:2nd-millennium BC establishments in Egypt
2182:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2158:
1966:
1903:Three lines lost in the Turin king list
1853:Eight lines lost in the Turin king list
1414:
1278:
2217:
2215:
2154:
1957:Five lines lost in the Turin king list
242:
985:List of pharaohs by period and dynasty
2256:, 281 (1991), pp. 21-72, esp. p. 38,
119:
109:
105:
7:
1354:Chronological position is contested
1334:Chronological position is contested
1202:Extent of rule and foreign relations
950:
916:
873:
770:
683:
627:
541:
484:
401:
332:
275:
2232:The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
101:Second Intermediate Period of Egypt
1391:1745 BC – 1705 BC or after 1650 BC
1311:1805 BC – 1780 BC or after 1650 BC
25:
2190:, Museum Tusculanum Press, (1997)
2128:
2109:
2090:
2071:
2052:
2033:
2014:
1992:
1684:
1637:
1518:Attested by a single stela from
1508:
1440:
1384:
1364:
1344:
1324:
1304:
222:
208:
194:
169:
155:
2206:UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology
2200:Ilin-Tomich, Alexander (2016).
1371:1760 – 1745 BC or after 1650 BC
991:Periodization of ancient Egypt
1:
5453:Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator
2296:, Blackwell Publishing 1993,
298:
2202:"Second Intermediate Period"
1578:Lost in the Turin king list
1536:Turin canon: reigned 1 year
1398:, possibly married to queen
5969:Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt
5386:Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
2346:. Museum Tusculanum Press.
1031:Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt
177:Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt
34:Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt
6030:
6014:2nd millennium BC in Egypt
5989:Dynasties of ancient Egypt
4285:Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef
3669:Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep
3433:Second Intermediate Period
1943:, see possible list below
1116:Second Intermediate Period
1035:Second Intermediate Period
204:Sixteenth Dynasty of Egypt
190:Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt
5947:
5849:
5838:
5736:Lucius Mussius Aemilianus
5426:Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos
4977:
4955:
4342:
4331:Third Intermediate Period
4320:
3444:
3422:
2470:
2459:First Intermediate Period
2448:
2399:
2390:
2382:
2327:excerpts available online
1211:in the western Delta and
1097:in the Turin kings list.
134:
130:
106:
81:Ancient Egyptian religion
44:
39:
5999:16th century BC in Egypt
5994:17th century BC in Egypt
5448:Cleopatra VII Philopator
3705:Ameny Antef Amenemhet VI
2463: (<3150–2040 BC)
2365:. Blackwell Publishing.
2272:, Stacey International,
1230:(in modern-day northern
163:Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt
5421:Ptolemy XI Alexander II
5336:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
3630:Seankhibtawy Seankhibra
1234:, near the border with
1133:Middle Kingdom of Egypt
40:ca. 1725 BC–ca. 1650 BC
5463:Ptolemy XIV Philopator
5442:Cleopatra VI Tryphaena
5436:Berenice IV Epiphaneia
5391:Ptolemy VIII Euergetes
5361:Arsinoe III Philopator
4275:Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef
3745:Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw
3685:Sekhemkare Amenemhat V
3276:Neferkare VI Pepiseneb
2363:Ramesside Inscriptions
2342:K.S.B. Ryholt (1998).
2294:Ramesside Inscriptions
1454:. His name means "The
1161:, Daphna Ben Tor, and
789:Twenty-seventh Dynasty
122:• Disestablished
5411:Ptolemy X Alexander I
5376:Ptolemy VI Philometor
5356:Ptolemy IV Philopator
5351:Berenice II Euergetes
5346:Ptolemy III Euergetes
5308:Philip III Arrhidaeus
3817:Khahotepre Sobekhotep
3812:Merhotepre Sobekhotep
3166:Merenre Nemtyemsaf II
2361:K.A. Kitchen (1993).
1394:Attested by over 300
1163:James and Susan Allen
922:Thirty-fourth Dynasty
878:Thirty-second Dynasty
805:Twenty-eighth Dynasty
727:Twenty-fourth Dynasty
701:Twenty-second Dynasty
67:Common languages
5844:Dynastic genealogies
5468:Ptolemy XV Caesarion
4764:Tutkheperre Shoshenq
4678:High Priests of Amun
4180:Merankhre Mentuhotep
3882:Seheqenre Sankhptahi
3877:Sewadjare Mentuhotep
3730:Khaankhre Sobekhotep
3437: (2040–1550 BC)
3156:Merenre Nemtyemsaf I
2105:Merwoserre Yaqub-Har
1222:, beyond the Nile's
956:Thirty-fifth Dynasty
891:Thirty-third Dynasty
847:(2nd Persian Period)
845:Thirty-first Dynasty
818:Twenty-ninth Dynasty
791:(1st Persian Period)
775:Twenty-sixth Dynasty
740:Twenty-fifth Dynasty
714:Twenty-third Dynasty
688:Twenty-first Dynasty
5366:Ptolemy V Epiphanes
5303:Alexander the Great
4335: (1550–664 BC)
3857:Mershepsesre Ini II
3852:Merkawre Sobekhotep
3246:Neferkare IV Khendu
1969:
1417:
1281:
602:Seventeenth Dynasty
537:Second Intermediate
280:Pre-dynastic period
112:• Established
5703:Trebonianus Gallus
4290:Senakhtenre Ahmose
3908:Ya'ammu Nubwoserre
3862:Sewahenre Senebmiu
3837:Sankhenre Sewadjtu
3266:Neferkare V Tereru
3236:Neferkare III Neby
2904:Sekhemib-Perenmaat
2386:Thirteenth Dynasty
2268:Darrell D. Baker,
1967:
1415:
1320:Ya'ammu Nubwoserre
1279:
1131:Dynasties in the
1073:(West Semitic for
679:Third Intermediate
645:Nineteenth Dynasty
632:Eighteenth Dynasty
546:Fourteenth Dynasty
516:Thirteenth Dynasty
397:First Intermediate
5956:
5955:
5943:
5942:
5834:
5833:
5830:
5829:
5826:
5825:
5750:Claudius Gothicus
5644:Severus Alexander
5611:Septimius Severus
5476:
5475:
5274:
5273:
5019:
5018:
4951:
4950:
4947:
4946:
4943:
4942:
4658:Osorkon the Elder
4609:
4608:
4386:
4385:
4316:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4280:Nubkheperre Intef
4160:Sekhemre Shedwast
3782:Sehetepkare Intef
3710:Semenkare Nebnuni
3639:
3638:
3486:
3485:
3418:
3417:
3414:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3193:
3192:
3171:Netjerkare Siptah
3093:Neferirkare Kakai
2938:
2937:
2742:
2741:
2512:
2511:
2409:
2408:
2403:Fifteenth Dynasty
2400:Succeeded by
2323:978-3-7278-1593-5
2278:978-1-905299-37-9
2146:
2145:
1961:
1960:
1410:
1409:
1351:1770 BC – 1760 BC
1331:1780 BC – 1770 BC
1039:Nile Delta region
1027:
1026:
974:
973:
936:
935:
902:
901:
869:Hellenistic Egypt
859:
858:
831:Thirtieth Dynasty
756:
755:
669:
668:
658:Twentieth Dynasty
613:
612:
577:Sixteenth Dynasty
559:Fifteenth Dynasty
527:
526:
470:
469:
387:
386:
318:
317:
238:
237:
234:
233:
230:
229:
182:
181:
91:Absolute monarchy
71:Egyptian language
16:(Redirected from
6021:
5950:List of pharaohs
5840:
5605:Pescennius Niger
5493:
5489:
5488:
5401:Ptolemy IX Soter
5371:Cleopatra I Syra
5291:
5287:
5286:
5036:
5032:
5031:
4988:
4979:
4972:
4971:
4957:
4708:Djedkhonsuefankh
4626:
4622:
4621:
4403:
4399:
4398:
4373:
4368:
4353:
4344:
4337:
4336:
4322:
3915:Qareh Khawoserre
3901:Yakbim Sekhaenre
3842:Mersekhemre Ined
3656:
3652:
3651:
3503:
3499:
3498:
3455:
3446:
3439:
3438:
3424:
3210:
3206:
3205:
2955:
2951:
2950:
2759:
2755:
2754:
2529:
2525:
2524:
2481:
2472:
2465:
2464:
2450:
2435:
2428:
2421:
2412:
2393:Dynasty of Egypt
2383:Preceded by
2380:
2376:
2357:
2329:
2313:Daphna Ben-Tor:
2311:
2305:
2287:
2281:
2266:
2260:
2258:available online
2250:
2244:
2241:
2235:
2228:
2222:
2219:
2210:
2209:
2197:
2191:
2184:
2141:
2132:
2116:27 scarab-seals
2113:
2094:
2075:
2056:
2037:
2018:
1996:
1970:
1688:
1641:
1512:
1444:
1418:
1388:
1368:
1348:
1340:Qareh Khawoserre
1328:
1308:
1300:Yakbim Sekhaenre
1282:
1257:Ramesside period
1019:
1012:
1005:
951:
924:(Roman Pharaohs)
917:
874:
771:
684:
628:
542:
490:Eleventh Dynasty
485:
459:Eleventh Dynasty
402:
333:
300:
276:
240:
226:
225:
212:
211:
198:
197:
186:
185:
173:
172:
159:
158:
152:
151:
136:
135:
49:
30:
21:
6029:
6028:
6024:
6023:
6022:
6020:
6019:
6018:
5959:
5958:
5957:
5952:
5939:
5845:
5822:
5722:Macrianus Minor
5651:Maximinus Thrax
5587:Marcus Aurelius
5486:
5485:
5484:
5472:
5331:Ptolemy I Soter
5317:
5284:
5283:
5282:
5270:
5237:
5209:
5169:
5151:
5131:Psammetichus IV
5101:
5029:
5028:
5027:
5015:
4993:
4984:
4973:
4970:(664 BC–313 AD)
4969:
4968:
4939:
4901:
4878:
4874:Menkheperre Ini
4811:
4734:
4672:
4619:
4618:
4617:
4605:
4542:
4489:
4470:Neferneferuaten
4396:
4395:
4394:
4382:
4381:
4371:
4366:
4365:Pharaohs
4358:
4349:
4338:
4334:
4333:
4304:
4239:
4198:
4125:Sobekhotep VIII
4106:
4038:
3886:
3847:Sewadjkare Hori
3649:
3648:
3647:
3635:
3575:
3549:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3482:
3460:
3451:
3440:
3436:
3435:
3406:
3373:
3333:
3241:Djedkare Shemai
3203:
3202:
3201:
3189:
3127:
3069:
3012:
2948:
2947:
2946:
2934:
2828:
2752:
2751:
2750:
2738:
2643:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2508:
2486:
2477:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2444:
2439:
2405:
2396:
2388:
2373:
2360:
2354:
2341:
2338:
2333:
2332:
2312:
2308:
2290:Kenneth Kitchen
2288:
2284:
2267:
2263:
2251:
2247:
2242:
2238:
2229:
2225:
2220:
2213:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2185:
2156:
2151:
2139:
2135:5 scarab-seals
2097:2 scarab-seals
2078:2 scarab-seals
2059:5 scarab-seals
2021:3 scarab-seals
1522:, in the Delta
1360:'Ammu Aahotepre
1248:
1204:
1193:notes that the
1179:
1103:
1023:
994:
988:
976:
975:
970:379 AD – 641 AD
964:
958:
948:
946:Byzantine Egypt
938:
937:
926:
923:
914:
904:
903:
871:
861:
860:
849:
846:
793:
790:
768:
758:
757:
681:
671:
670:
625:
615:
614:
539:
529:
528:
503:Twelfth Dynasty
482:
472:
471:
406:Seventh Dynasty
399:
389:
388:
330:
320:
319:
273:
263:
223:
209:
195:
170:
156:
123:
113:
52:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6027:
6025:
6017:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5961:
5960:
5954:
5953:
5948:
5945:
5944:
5941:
5940:
5938:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5859:
5856:
5850:
5847:
5846:
5843:
5836:
5835:
5832:
5831:
5828:
5827:
5824:
5823:
5821:
5820:
5818:Maximinus Daza
5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5793:
5786:
5779:
5774:
5767:
5760:
5753:
5746:
5739:
5732:
5725:
5718:
5713:
5706:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5682:
5675:
5668:
5661:
5654:
5647:
5640:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5601:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5577:Antoninus Pius
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5544:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5501:
5499:
5490:
5487:(30 BC–313 AD)
5478:
5477:
5474:
5473:
5471:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5327:
5325:
5319:
5318:
5316:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5299:
5297:
5288:
5276:
5275:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5251:Artaxerxes III
5247:
5245:
5239:
5238:
5236:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5219:
5217:
5211:
5210:
5208:
5207:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5179:
5177:
5171:
5170:
5168:
5167:
5161:
5159:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5127:
5122:
5120:Petubastis III
5117:
5111:
5109:
5103:
5102:
5100:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5057:
5052:
5044:
5042:
5033:
5021:
5020:
5017:
5016:
5014:
5013:
5008:
5007:
5006:
5003:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4985:
4982:
4975:
4974:
4960:
4953:
4952:
4949:
4948:
4945:
4944:
4941:
4940:
4938:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4911:
4909:
4903:
4902:
4900:
4899:
4894:
4888:
4886:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4876:
4871:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4821:
4819:
4813:
4812:
4810:
4809:
4804:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4744:
4742:
4736:
4735:
4733:
4732:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4688:
4682:
4680:
4674:
4673:
4671:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4634:
4632:
4623:
4615:3 Intermediate
4611:
4610:
4607:
4606:
4604:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4552:
4550:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4499:
4497:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4411:
4409:
4400:
4397:(1550–1070 BC)
4388:
4387:
4384:
4383:
4380:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4362:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4350:
4347:
4340:
4339:
4325:
4318:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4310:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4255:
4249:
4247:
4241:
4240:
4238:
4237:
4230:
4223:
4216:
4208:
4206:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4196:
4189:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4130:Neferhotep III
4127:
4122:
4116:
4114:
4108:
4107:
4105:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4070:
4063:
4056:
4048:
4046:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4036:
4029:
4022:
4015:
4008:
4001:
3994:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3960:Sewadjkare III
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3929:Maaibre Sheshi
3925:
3922:'Ammu Ahotepre
3918:
3911:
3904:
3896:
3894:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3832:Merhotepre Ini
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3792:Sobekhotep III
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3664:
3662:
3653:
3650:(1802–1550 BC)
3645:2 Intermediate
3641:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3585:
3583:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3557:
3555:
3551:
3550:
3548:
3547:
3542:
3540:Mentuhotep III
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3511:
3509:
3500:
3497:(2040–1802 BC)
3492:Middle Kingdom
3488:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3474:
3473:
3470:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3452:
3449:
3442:
3441:
3429:Middle Kingdom
3427:
3420:
3419:
3416:
3415:
3412:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3392:Neferkare VIII
3389:
3383:
3381:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3371:
3364:
3359:
3357:Nebkaure Khety
3354:
3349:
3347:Meryibre Khety
3343:
3341:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3324:
3317:
3310:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3281:Neferkamin Anu
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3222:
3220:
3207:
3204:(2181–2040 BC)
3199:1 Intermediate
3195:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3187:
3180:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3137:
3135:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3125:
3120:
3118:Djedkare Isesi
3115:
3113:Menkauhor Kaiu
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3079:
3077:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3067:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3022:
3020:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3005:
2998:
2991:
2986:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2963:
2961:
2952:
2949:(2686–2181 BC)
2940:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2920:
2913:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2868:
2861:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2838:
2836:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2819:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2767:
2765:
2756:
2753:(3150–2686 BC)
2748:Early Dynastic
2744:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2736:
2727:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2682:
2675:
2668:
2661:
2653:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2634:
2629:
2622:
2615:
2608:
2601:
2594:
2587:
2580:
2573:
2566:
2559:
2552:
2545:
2537:
2535:
2526:
2514:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2506:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2496:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2478:
2475:
2468:
2467:
2453:
2446:
2445:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2430:
2423:
2415:
2407:
2406:
2401:
2398:
2389:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2371:
2358:
2352:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2306:
2282:
2280:, 2008, p. 277
2261:
2245:
2236:
2223:
2211:
2192:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2136:
2133:
2126:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2040:1 scarab-seal
2038:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2012:
2006:
2005:
2003:
1997:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1867:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1818:Anati Djedkare
1815:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1806:Hapu Semenenre
1803:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1779:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1755:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1731:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1719:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1664:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1635:
1629:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1604:
1601:
1600:ending 1690 BC
1598:
1596:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1562:
1561:ending 1693 BC
1559:
1557:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1548:ending 1694 BC
1546:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1528:Sewadjkare III
1524:
1523:
1516:
1515:ending 1699 BC
1513:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1460:
1459:
1448:
1445:
1438:
1436:Nehesy Aasehre
1432:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1408:
1407:
1392:
1389:
1382:
1380:Sheshi Maaibre
1376:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1342:
1336:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1247:
1244:
1224:Third Cataract
1203:
1200:
1178:
1175:
1159:Manfred Bietak
1102:
1099:
1075:"the bald one"
1025:
1024:
1022:
1021:
1014:
1007:
999:
996:
995:
981:
978:
977:
972:
971:
968:
965:
954:
949:
944:
943:
940:
939:
934:
933:
932:30 BC – 313 AD
930:
927:
920:
915:
910:
909:
906:
905:
900:
899:
896:
893:
887:
886:
883:
880:
872:
867:
866:
863:
862:
857:
856:
853:
850:
843:
840:
839:
836:
833:
827:
826:
823:
820:
814:
813:
810:
807:
801:
800:
797:
794:
787:
784:
783:
780:
777:
769:
764:
763:
760:
759:
754:
753:
750:
747:
736:
735:
732:
729:
723:
722:
719:
716:
710:
709:
706:
703:
697:
696:
693:
690:
682:
677:
676:
673:
672:
667:
666:
663:
660:
654:
653:
650:
647:
641:
640:
637:
634:
626:
621:
620:
617:
616:
611:
610:
607:
604:
598:
597:
594:
592:
590:Abydos Dynasty
586:
585:
582:
579:
573:
572:
569:
566:
555:
554:
551:
548:
540:
535:
534:
531:
530:
525:
524:
521:
518:
512:
511:
508:
505:
499:
498:
495:
492:
483:
480:Middle Kingdom
478:
477:
474:
473:
468:
467:
464:
461:
454:
453:
450:
447:
441:
440:
437:
434:
428:
427:
424:
421:
419:Eighth Dynasty
415:
414:
411:
408:
400:
395:
394:
391:
390:
385:
384:
381:
378:
372:
371:
368:
365:
359:
358:
355:
352:
350:Fourth Dynasty
346:
345:
342:
339:
331:
326:
325:
322:
321:
316:
315:
312:
309:
307:Second Dynasty
303:
302:
296:
293:
287:
286:
284:
282:
274:
269:
268:
265:
264:
259:All years are
258:
255:
254:
236:
235:
232:
231:
228:
227:
220:
218:Abydos Dynasty
214:
213:
206:
200:
199:
192:
183:
180:
179:
174:
166:
165:
160:
148:
147:
142:
132:
131:
128:
127:
124:
121:
118:
117:
114:
111:
108:
107:
104:
103:
98:
97:Historical era
94:
93:
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
50:
42:
41:
37:
36:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6026:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5966:
5964:
5951:
5946:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5851:
5848:
5841:
5837:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5798:
5794:
5792:
5791:
5787:
5785:
5784:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5772:
5768:
5766:
5765:
5761:
5759:
5758:
5754:
5752:
5751:
5747:
5745:
5744:
5740:
5738:
5737:
5733:
5731:
5730:
5726:
5724:
5723:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5711:
5707:
5705:
5704:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5687:
5683:
5681:
5680:
5676:
5674:
5673:
5669:
5667:
5666:
5662:
5660:
5659:
5655:
5653:
5652:
5648:
5646:
5645:
5641:
5639:
5638:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5606:
5602:
5600:
5599:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5542:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5502:
5500:
5498:
5494:
5491:
5483:
5479:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5443:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5396:Cleopatra III
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5328:
5326:
5324:
5320:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5300:
5298:
5296:
5292:
5289:
5281:
5277:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5248:
5246:
5244:
5240:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5220:
5218:
5216:
5212:
5206:
5205:
5201:
5199:
5198:Nepherites II
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5180:
5178:
5176:
5172:
5166:
5163:
5162:
5160:
5158:
5154:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5132:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5112:
5110:
5108:
5104:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5062:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5050:
5046:
5045:
5043:
5041:
5037:
5034:
5026:
5022:
5012:
5009:
5004:
5001:
5000:
4998:
4997:
4995:
4989:
4986:
4980:
4976:
4967:
4963:
4958:
4954:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4912:
4910:
4908:
4904:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4885:
4881:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4869:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4842:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4822:
4820:
4818:
4814:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4802:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4765:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4745:
4743:
4741:
4737:
4731:
4730:
4729:Psusennes III
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4693:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4679:
4675:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4635:
4633:
4631:
4627:
4624:
4620:(1069–664 BC)
4616:
4612:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4586:Ramesses VIII
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4553:
4551:
4549:
4545:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4496:
4492:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4455:Amenhotep III
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4412:
4410:
4408:
4404:
4401:
4393:
4389:
4378:
4375:
4370:
4364:
4363:
4360:
4354:
4351:
4345:
4341:
4332:
4328:
4323:
4319:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4295:Seqenenre Tao
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4270:Sobekemsaf II
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4260:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4250:
4248:
4246:
4242:
4236:
4235:
4231:
4229:
4228:
4224:
4222:
4221:
4220:Wepwawetemsaf
4217:
4215:
4214:
4210:
4209:
4207:
4205:
4201:
4195:
4194:
4190:
4188:
4187:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4113:
4109:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4075:
4071:
4069:
4068:
4064:
4062:
4061:
4057:
4055:
4054:
4050:
4049:
4047:
4045:
4041:
4035:
4034:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4023:
4021:
4020:
4016:
4014:
4013:
4009:
4007:
4006:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3995:
3993:
3992:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3930:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3919:
3917:
3916:
3912:
3910:
3909:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3898:
3897:
3895:
3893:
3889:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3827:Merneferre Ay
3825:
3823:
3822:Wahibre Ibiau
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3807:Sobekhotep IV
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3767:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3670:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3654:
3646:
3642:
3632:
3631:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3614:Amenemhat III
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3582:
3578:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3552:
3546:
3545:Mentuhotep IV
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3535:Mentuhotep II
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3508:
3504:
3501:
3493:
3489:
3479:
3476:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3456:
3453:
3447:
3443:
3434:
3430:
3425:
3421:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3397:Wahkare Khety
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3370:
3369:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3352:Neferkare VII
3350:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3336:
3330:
3329:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3208:
3200:
3196:
3186:
3185:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3134:
3130:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3076:
3072:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3019:
3015:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2953:
2945:
2941:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2899:Seth-Peribsen
2897:
2895:
2894:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2842:Hotepsekhemwy
2840:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2764:
2760:
2757:
2749:
2745:
2735:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2681:
2680:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2633:
2632:Double Falcon
2630:
2628:
2627:
2623:
2621:
2620:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2588:
2586:
2585:
2581:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2553:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2530:
2527:
2523:(pre-3150 BC)
2519:
2518:Protodynastic
2515:
2505:
2502:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2482:
2479:
2473:
2469:
2460:
2456:
2455:Protodynastic
2451:
2447:
2443:
2436:
2431:
2429:
2424:
2422:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2404:
2397:1725−1650 BC
2395:
2394:
2387:
2381:
2374:
2368:
2364:
2359:
2355:
2349:
2345:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2310:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2286:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2255:
2249:
2246:
2240:
2237:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2218:
2216:
2212:
2207:
2203:
2196:
2193:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2148:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1979:Attestations
1978:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1965:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1868:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1520:Saft el-Hinna
1517:
1514:
1511:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1413:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1277:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1245:
1243:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1216:
1215:in the east.
1214:
1210:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1177:Seat of power
1176:
1174:
1170:
1168:
1167:Sobekhotep IV
1164:
1160:
1155:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1117:
1112:
1108:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1089:") and queen
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1020:
1015:
1013:
1008:
1006:
1001:
1000:
998:
997:
993:
992:
987:
986:
980:
979:
969:
966:
962:
957:
953:
952:
947:
942:
941:
931:
928:
925:
919:
918:
913:
908:
907:
897:
894:
892:
889:
888:
884:
881:
879:
876:
875:
870:
865:
864:
854:
851:
848:
842:
841:
837:
834:
832:
829:
828:
824:
821:
819:
816:
815:
811:
808:
806:
803:
802:
798:
795:
792:
786:
785:
781:
778:
776:
773:
772:
767:
762:
761:
751:
748:
745:
741:
738:
737:
733:
730:
728:
725:
724:
720:
717:
715:
712:
711:
707:
704:
702:
699:
698:
694:
691:
689:
686:
685:
680:
675:
674:
664:
661:
659:
656:
655:
651:
648:
646:
643:
642:
638:
635:
633:
630:
629:
624:
619:
618:
608:
605:
603:
600:
599:
595:
593:
591:
588:
587:
583:
580:
578:
575:
574:
570:
567:
564:
560:
557:
556:
552:
549:
547:
544:
543:
538:
533:
532:
522:
519:
517:
514:
513:
509:
506:
504:
501:
500:
496:
493:
491:
487:
486:
481:
476:
475:
465:
462:
460:
456:
455:
451:
448:
446:
445:Tenth Dynasty
443:
442:
438:
435:
433:
432:Ninth Dynasty
430:
429:
425:
422:
420:
417:
416:
412:
409:
407:
404:
403:
398:
393:
392:
382:
379:
377:
376:Sixth Dynasty
374:
373:
369:
366:
364:
363:Fifth Dynasty
361:
360:
356:
353:
351:
348:
347:
343:
340:
338:
337:Third Dynasty
335:
334:
329:
324:
323:
313:
310:
308:
305:
304:
297:
294:
292:
291:First Dynasty
289:
288:
285:
283:
281:
278:
277:
272:
267:
266:
262:
257:
256:
253:
252:ancient Egypt
249:
245:
241:
221:
219:
216:
215:
207:
205:
202:
201:
193:
191:
188:
187:
184:
178:
175:
168:
167:
164:
161:
154:
153:
150:
149:
146:
143:
141:
138:
137:
133:
129:
125:
115:
102:
99:
95:
92:
89:
85:
82:
79:
75:
72:
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
48:
43:
38:
31:
19:
5795:
5788:
5781:
5769:
5762:
5755:
5748:
5741:
5734:
5727:
5720:
5708:
5701:
5684:
5677:
5670:
5663:
5656:
5649:
5642:
5635:
5603:
5596:
5582:Lucius Verus
5539:
5440:
5416:Berenice III
5406:Cleopatra IV
5381:Cleopatra II
5313:Alexander IV
5233:Nectanebo II
5202:
5183:Nepherites I
5142:Artaxerxes I
5129:
5059:
5047:
5030:(664–332 BC)
5010:
4966:Roman Period
4868:Shoshenq VII
4866:
4839:
4799:
4780:Shoshenq III
4762:
4727:
4690:
4668:Psusennes II
4581:Ramesses VII
4561:Ramesses III
4445:Amenhotep II
4440:Thutmose III
4376:
4265:Sobekemsaf I
4257:
4232:
4225:
4218:
4211:
4191:
4184:
4089:
4072:
4067:'Aper-'Anati
4065:
4058:
4051:
4031:
4024:
4017:
4010:
4003:
3996:
3989:
3975:Sekheperenre
3927:
3920:
3913:
3906:
3899:
3891:
3797:Neferhotep I
3787:Seth Meribre
3764:
3750:Djedkheperew
3667:
3628:
3619:Amenemhat IV
3609:Senusret III
3599:Amenemhat II
3515:Mentuhotep I
3477:
3366:
3326:
3319:
3312:
3305:
3231:Neferkare II
3182:
3175:
3108:Nyuserre Ini
3062:
3045:
3000:
2993:
2981:
2922:
2917:Neferkasokar
2915:
2908:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2863:
2856:
2821:
2814:
2722:
2705:
2698:
2691:
2684:
2677:
2670:
2665:Finger Snail
2663:
2656:
2636:
2624:
2617:
2610:
2603:
2596:
2589:
2582:
2575:
2568:
2561:
2554:
2547:
2540:
2503:
2391:
2362:
2343:
2336:Bibliography
2314:
2309:
2293:
2285:
2269:
2264:
2253:
2248:
2239:
2231:
2226:
2205:
2195:
2187:
2186:Kim Ryholt,
1973:Name of King
1962:
1948:
1894:
1858:Senefer...re
1844:
1710:Sankhibre II
1698:Djedkherewre
1680:Sekheperenre
1660:
1651:
1569:
1421:Name of King
1411:
1396:scarab-seals
1285:Name of King
1252:
1249:
1217:
1205:
1180:
1171:
1156:
1141:
1137:15th Dynasty
1114:
1104:
1086:
1074:
1062:
1054:
1047:13th Dynasty
1030:
1028:
989:
983:
960:
545:
145:Succeeded by
144:
139:
18:14th Dynasty
5686:Gordian III
5631:Diadumenian
5431:Cleopatra V
5285:(332–30 BC)
5280:Hellenistic
5223:Nectanebo I
5115:Cambyses II
5097:Psamtik III
5055:Tefnakht II
4857:Takelot III
4852:Osorkon III
4847:Shoshenq VI
4801:Pedubast II
4785:Shoshenq IV
4758:Shoshenq II
4723:Pinedjem II
4713:Menkheperre
4648:Psusennes I
4601:Ramesses XI
4591:Ramesses IX
4576:Ramesses VI
4566:Ramesses IV
4513:Ramesses II
4475:Tutankhamun
4450:Thutmose IV
4430:Thutmose II
4420:Amenhotep I
4392:New Kingdom
4327:New Kingdom
4186:Senusret IV
4170:Dedumose II
4145:Nebiriau II
4140:Nebiryraw I
4135:Mentuhotepi
3940:Khakherewre
3867:Merkheperre
3777:Imyremeshaw
3760:Sedjefakare
3715:Sehetepibre
3690:Ameny Qemau
3624:Sobekneferu
3604:Senusret II
3589:Amenemhat I
3571:Iyibkhentre
3301:Neferirkare
3296:Neferkauhor
3103:Shepseskare
2944:Old Kingdom
2930:Khasekhemwy
2910:Neferkara I
2879:Weneg-Nebty
2724:Scorpion II
2001:scarab-seal
1831:Babnum kare
1463:Khakherewre
1195:Turin Canon
1183:Manethonian
1148:Sobekneferu
1063:ia-ak-bi-im
912:Roman Egypt
766:Late Period
623:New Kingdom
328:Old Kingdom
140:Preceded by
126:ca. 1650 BC
116:ca. 1725 BC
5963:Categories
5803:Diocletian
5757:Quintillus
5710:Aemilianus
5665:Gordian II
5637:Elagabalus
5458:Arsinoe IV
5341:Arsinoe II
5266:Darius III
5193:Psammuthes
5082:Psamtik II
4897:Bakenranef
4835:Pedubast I
4830:Takelot II
4825:Harsiese A
4807:Osorkon IV
4795:Shoshenq V
4775:Osorkon II
4748:Shoshenq I
4718:Smendes II
4698:Pinedjem I
4643:Amenemnisu
4596:Ramesses X
4571:Ramesses V
4523:Amenmesses
4503:Ramesses I
4465:Smenkhkare
4435:Hatshepsut
4425:Thutmose I
4175:Montuemsaf
4165:Dedumose I
3965:Nebdjefare
3955:Merdjefare
3725:Nedjemibre
3720:Sewadjkare
3594:Senusret I
3566:Qakare Ini
3387:Meryhathor
3291:Neferkaure
3286:Qakare Iby
3271:Neferkahor
3256:Neferkamin
3064:Thamphthis
3058:Shepseskaf
2972:Sekhemkhet
2823:Horus Bird
2700:Scorpion I
2372:0631184279
2353:8772894210
2302:0631184279
2149:References
1722:Nefertumre
1542:Nebdjefare
1504:Merdjefare
1402:who was a
1191:Kim Ryholt
1144:Kim Ryholt
1101:Chronology
1087:The Nubian
982:See also:
961:speculated
87:Government
5935:Ptolemaic
5743:Gallienus
5658:Gordian I
5621:Caracalla
5547:Vespasian
5541:Vitellius
5323:Ptolemaic
5165:Amyrtaeus
5147:Darius II
5092:Ahmose II
5072:Psamtik I
5011:uncertain
4999:Pharaohs
4935:Tanutamun
4770:Takelot I
4753:Osorkon I
4703:Masaharta
4653:Amenemope
4556:Setnakhte
4518:Merneptah
4460:Akhenaten
4377:uncertain
4259:Nebmaatre
4080:Sakir-Har
4033:Yaqub-Har
3945:Nebefawre
3695:Hotepibre
3561:Segerseni
3530:Intef III
3478:uncertain
3466:Pharaohs
3098:Neferefre
2924:Hudjefa I
2805:Semerkhet
2542:Hedju Hor
2504:uncertain
2492:Pharaohs
2124:Apophis I
1982:Comments
1941:Apophis I
1939:Possibly
1758:Neferibre
1608:Awibre II
1476:Nebefawre
1430:Comments
1294:Comments
1261:seriation
1228:Tel Kabri
1113:, as the
1079:Yaqub-Har
1051:Canaanite
1037:over the
665:1189–1077
652:1292–1189
639:1549–1292
609:1580–1549
596:1650–1600
584:1660–1600
571:1674–1535
553:1705–1690
523:1803–1649
510:1991–1803
497:2061–1991
466:2134–2061
452:2130–2040
439:2160–2130
426:2181–2160
383:2345–2181
370:2498–2345
357:2613–2498
344:2686–2613
314:2890–2686
301:3150–2890
248:dynasties
77:Religion
5895:21 to 23
5813:Galerius
5808:Maximian
5797:Numerian
5764:Aurelian
5716:Valerian
5679:Balbinus
5672:Pupienus
5626:Macrinus
5598:Pertinax
5592:Commodus
5557:Domitian
5520:Claudius
5515:Caligula
5510:Tiberius
5505:Augustus
5125:Darius I
5077:Necho II
4920:Shebitku
4892:Tefnakht
4485:Horemheb
4415:Ahmose I
4227:Pantjeny
4213:Senebkay
4193:Pepi III
4155:Bebiankh
4012:Shenshek
3970:Nebsenre
3802:Sihathor
3772:Khendjer
3735:Renseneb
3680:Nerikare
3525:Intef II
3402:Merykare
3307:Wadjkare
3251:Merenhor
3146:Userkare
3053:Menkaure
3047:Bikheris
3036:Djedefre
3002:Qahedjet
2886:Wadjenes
2872:Horus Sa
2865:Nubnefer
2852:Nynetjer
2816:Sneferka
2556:Ni-Neith
2442:Pharaohs
2029:Shenshek
1746:Kakemure
1734:Sekhemre
1633:Nebsenre
1213:Bubastis
1209:Athribis
695:1069–945
413:spurious
5790:Carinus
5771:Tacitus
5729:Quietus
5572:Hadrian
5256:Khabash
5087:Wahibre
5067:Necho I
5061:Nekauba
5049:Ammeris
4992:Dynasty
4930:Taharqa
4925:Shabaka
4862:Rudamun
4841:Iuput I
4686:Herihor
4638:Smendes
4538:Twosret
4528:Seti II
4372:female)
4357:Dynasty
4253:Rahotep
4150:Semenre
4120:Djehuti
4102:Khamudi
4091:Yanassi
4074:Salitis
4026:Yakareb
4019:Khamure
3950:Sehebre
3872:Merkare
3520:Intef I
3459:Dynasty
3368:Imhotep
3328:Iytjenu
3314:Khuiqer
3226:Menkare
3177:Neferka
3161:Pepi II
3083:Userkaf
2977:Sanakht
2800:Anedjib
2780:Hor-Aha
2713:Iry-Hor
2707:Shendjw
2679:Pen-Abu
2563:Hat-Hor
2485:Dynasty
2304:, p.546
2086:Yakareb
2067:Khamure
1949:Unknown
1895:Unknown
1845:Unknown
1782:Khakare
1652:Unknown
1620:Heribre
1595:webenre
1583:djefare
1570:Unknown
1556:Webenre
1490:Sehebre
1481:1704 BC
1468:1705 BC
1447:1705 BC
1404:Kushite
1236:Lebanon
1220:Dongola
1069:name),
1067:Amorite
1055:"grace"
885:332–305
855:343–332
838:380–343
825:398–380
812:404–398
799:525–404
782:672–525
752:732–653
734:732–720
721:837–728
708:945–720
244:Periods
57:Capital
5984:Hyksos
5930:Argead
5777:Probus
5697:Decius
5692:Philip
5567:Trajan
5295:Argead
5204:Muthis
5157:XXVIII
5137:Xerxes
5005:female
4983:Period
4692:Piankh
4663:Siamun
4533:Siptah
4508:Seti I
4348:Period
4300:Kamose
4234:Snaaib
4204:Abydos
4060:Semqen
4053:Sharek
4005:Sheneh
3985:'Apepi
3980:Bebnum
3935:Nehesy
3755:Sebkay
3675:Sonbef
3472:female
3450:Period
3261:Nikare
3151:Pepi I
3088:Sahure
3041:Khafre
3026:Snefru
2995:Sedjes
2967:Djoser
2893:Senedj
2771:Narmer
2730:Narmer
2612:Wazner
2577:Hsekiu
2549:Ny-Hor
2498:female
2476:Period
2369:
2350:
2321:
2300:
2276:
2010:Sheneh
1882:Djedre
1456:Nubian
1452:Avaris
1273:Yakbim
1271:, and
1265:Sheshi
1246:Rulers
1240:Sheshi
1232:Israel
1152:Hyksos
1127:, and
1109:, and
1095:Hyksos
1083:Nehesy
1077:), or
1065:", an
1059:Yakbim
1043:Avaris
898:305–30
895:XXXIII
809:XXVIII
744:Nubian
563:Hyksos
457:Early
61:Avaris
5783:Carus
5562:Nerva
5552:Titus
5530:Galba
5497:XXXIV
5482:Roman
5261:Arses
5188:Hakor
5107:XXVII
4817:XXIII
4407:XVIII
4367:(male
4097:Apepi
4085:Khyan
3998:Wazad
3766:Wegaf
3700:Iufni
3554:Nubia
3362:Setut
3184:Nefer
3031:Khufu
2989:Khaba
2983:Nebka
2847:Nebra
2775:Menes
2734:Menes
2686:Stork
2649:Upper
2605:Neheb
2598:Thesh
2584:Khayu
2533:Lower
2254:BASOR
2048:Wazad
1976:Image
1870:Menre
1794:Akare
1427:Dates
1424:Image
1291:Dates
1288:Image
1269:'Ammu
1071:Qareh
929:XXXIV
882:XXXII
796:XXVII
718:XXIII
636:XVIII
488:Late
271:Early
5616:Geta
5535:Otho
5525:Nero
5243:XXXI
5228:Teos
5175:XXIX
5040:XXVI
5025:Late
5002:male
4962:Late
4915:Piye
4884:XXIV
4790:Pami
4740:XXII
4329:and
4245:XVII
3991:Nuya
3660:XIII
3469:male
3431:and
3321:Khui
3218:VIII
3141:Teti
3123:Unas
3008:Huni
2810:Qa'a
2790:Djet
2785:Djer
2693:Bull
2672:Fish
2638:Wash
2619:Mekh
2495:male
2367:ISBN
2348:ISBN
2319:ISBN
2298:ISBN
2274:ISBN
2208:: 3.
1988:Nuya
1932:'Ap
1908:Ink
1400:Tati
1187:Xois
1181:The
1129:13th
1125:12th
1121:11th
1111:17th
1107:16th
1091:Tati
1029:The
967:XXXV
852:XXXI
822:XXIX
779:XXVI
731:XXIV
705:XXII
606:XVII
520:XIII
423:VIII
246:and
5215:XXX
4964:to
4907:XXV
4630:XXI
4495:XIX
4112:XVI
3892:XIV
3740:Hor
3581:XII
3214:VII
2959:III
2795:Den
2591:Tiu
2457:to
1770:Ire
1661:wsf
1458:".
1253:wsf
1251:as
1057:),
835:XXX
749:XXV
692:XXI
649:XIX
581:XVI
550:XIV
507:XII
410:VII
341:III
250:of
5965::
5925:31
5920:30
5915:27
5910:26
5905:25
5900:24
5890:20
5885:19
5880:18
5875:12
5870:11
4548:XX
4480:Ay
4044:XV
3507:XI
3339:IX
3133:VI
3018:IV
2858:Ba
2834:II
2773:/
2732:/
2718:Ka
2570:Pu
2325:,
2292::
2214:^
2204:.
2157:^
2140:c.
1999:1
1927:-
1920:'A
1915:-
1889:-
1877:-
1865:-
1839:-
1825:-
1813:-
1801:-
1789:-
1777:-
1765:-
1753:-
1741:-
1729:-
1717:-
1705:-
1668:re
1627:-
1615:-
1603:-
1590:-
1564:-
1551:-
1471:-
1267:,
1139:.
1123:,
1085:("
1061:("
662:XX
568:XV
494:XI
463:XI
436:IX
380:VI
354:IV
311:II
299:c.
261:BC
5865:4
5861:3
5858:2
5854:1
3379:X
3216:/
3075:V
2763:I
2658:A
2626:A
2434:e
2427:t
2420:v
2375:.
2356:.
1018:e
1011:t
1004:v
963:)
959:(
746:)
742:(
565:)
561:(
449:X
367:V
295:I
20:)
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