284:, the music for the aria "You're late, you shouldn't have come" derives from that of "Me," a song that in the original show established the meta-theatrical concept that was eventually abandoned. (Some of the music for "Me" can be heard in the Broadway score, most memorably in the song "American Dreaming.") An instrumental section of "The President Jefferson March" was reused in the final movement, "In Memoriam and March: The BSO Forever," of the Divertimento. Bernstein reused part of the song "To Make Us Proud" for his
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479:. In between rehearsing the various scenes, the actors offer commentary and reflect on the past injustices suffered by black people throughout the time period covered by the play. This culminates in the Actor Playing the President and the Actor Playing Lud refusing to continue rehearsing the show. After reflection, the Actor Playing the President realizes all he wanted was to feel proud of his country and that he loves this land.
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The four main cast members address the audience and inform them that the play covers the first one hundred years of the White House. They say
America is a play that is always in rehearsal, undergoing revisions and improvements. The plot then covers the same historical material as the Philadelphia
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singers. Differences in the score and performance style make it impossible to judge the original musical fairly from the later recording. The score is considered by many musical theater historians and aficionados to be a forgotten, or at least neglected, masterpiece. Some of the songs have enjoyed
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The initial critical response to the show was resoundingly negative. Critics savaged Lerner's book while largely praising
Bernstein's score. Only Patricia Routledge was spared, thanks mostly to her second act showstopper "Duet for One (The First Lady of the Land)" for which she received a mid-show
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and the servants who serve the
President. One actor plays all the Presidents, and one actress plays all the First Ladies. The main serving staff are the African-American characters of Lud Simmons and Seena. Three generations of adult and young Lud's are played by the same two actors. Lud is an
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Discouraged by the critical and public response to the work and angry that during the tryouts much of his music had been condensed and edited without his consent, Bernstein refused to allow a cast recording of the musical.
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Author Ethan
Mordden noted that "Bernstein and Lerner created an astonishingly good score, even a synoptic all-American one, with fanfare, march, waltz, blues. It's Bernstein's most classical work for Broadway."
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By the time the show opened on
Broadway, little of the metatheatrical concept remained, aside from certain scenic and costume elements and a few musical references (most notably, the opening number "Rehearse!").
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Opera
Theatre production, which used a pre-Philadelphia draft of the script and included portions of Bernstein's music that had been excised on the road to Broadway. This production also played briefly at the
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A theater group is rehearsing a play. The time of the rehearsal is the present, and the time of the play being rehearsed is 1792 to 1902. The play being rehearsed is a history of the
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standing ovation on opening night in New York and a mid-show standing ovation from the orchestra on closing night. After
Bernstein's death a concert version of the score, retitled
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was recorded and released. That version tended to be reviewed as a classical work rather than a
Broadway musical, a tendency encouraged by the casting of the leading roles with
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Although no cast album was made, Patricia
Routledge's performance of "Duet for One" survives as a private recording in mono from the premiere, complete with standing ovation.
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264:'s poem "To What You Said" as a baritone solo was a reworking of the original prelude of the show, in which the chorus hummed a melody played by the violoncello in the
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version. (In the show, this music was moved to the emotional low point of the second act, used as background to a
Presidential funeral.) The occasional piece
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345:. The Leonard Bernstein estate controls the licensing of performances of the cantata version, while the original musical is not available for license.
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Individual numbers from the work have been commercially recorded and performed by a variety of notable singers. "Take Care of This House" was sung by
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some fame outside the show including "Take Care of This House," "The President Jefferson Sunday Luncheon Party March" and "Duet for One", a
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2. Tempo di Menuetto (including an authentic harmonization of "To Anacreon in Heav'n" (1740) later known as "The Star Spangled Banner")
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After Bernstein's death in 1990, the heirs of his estate sifted through the many variations and revisions of the score and authorized
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410:"The President Jefferson March" and "Duet for One" both appear in their original (pre-Broadway) versions on an EMI disc called
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and closed on May 8, 1976, after 7 performances and 13 previews. It was co-directed and co-choreographed by Gilbert Moses and
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escaped slave who later marries Seena. The events covered in the play include the selection of a new capital city, the
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and its occupants from 1800 to 1900. Primarily focusing on race relations, the story depicted (among other incidents)
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baritone Bruce Hubbard, a member of the original Broadway ensemble, also recorded Lud's ballad "Seena" on his album
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As with his previously abandoned projects, Bernstein used portions of the score in subsequent works. In
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242:'s inauguration detailing the exhausting vote counts that had many questioning his legitimacy.
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flop, running only seven performances. It was Bernstein's last original score for Broadway.
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527:"The President Jefferson Sunday Luncheon Party March" - Jefferson, Little Lud, and Guests
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145:'s impeachment. Throughout the show, the leading actors performed multiple roles:
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for a single actress portraying both Julia Grant and Lucy Hayes on the day of
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583:"Duet for One (First Lady of the Land)" - Julia Grant, Lucy Hayes and Company
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512:"Rehearse!" - The President, the First Lady, Lud, Seena, and entire Company
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recording. Both the London concert and the DG recording were conducted by
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524:"Take Care of This House" - John and Abigail Adams, Little Lud and Staff
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played the White House servants, Lud and Seena. Future Broadway stars
518:"On Ten Square Miles by the Potomac River" - Washington and Delegates
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Musical with music by Leonard Bernstein and lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner
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533:"Sonatina (The British)" - Admiral Cockburn, Officers and Citizens
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Take Care of This House and The Nation That Wasn't There (Reprise)
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Songfest: A Cycle of American Poems for Six Singers and Orchestra
384:. In the 21st century "Take Care of This House" was recorded by
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137:'s refusal to halt slavery in Washington, the aftermath of the
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version; however, the actors' commentary is entirely removed.
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Me (New Opening) - used in 1992 Indiana University production
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What Happened - used in 1992 Indiana University production
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Welcome Home, Miz Johnson - used in A White House Cantata
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It's My Country (Mr. Lincoln) - orchestrated, but unused
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The show was originally intended to be performed as a
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items in the Sid Ramin Papers at Columbia University
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360:under Bernstein's direction at the inauguration of
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771:Haagensen, Erik (1992). "The Show That Got Away".
586:"The Robber Baron Minstrel Parade" - The Minstrels
521:"Welcome Home Miz Adams" - Henry, Rachel and Staff
329:debut of this work in 1997, and three years later
1797:Leonard Bernstein Festival of the Creative Arts
1371:Fanfare for the Inauguration of John F. Kennedy
794:One More Kiss The Broadway Musical in The 1970s
298:The show's only significant revival was a 1992
1802:New York Philharmonic concert of April 6, 1962
444:, her 1989 collection of lost Broadway songs.
121:The musical examined the establishment of the
1584:Non troppo presto (Music for the Dance No. 1)
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644:The President Jefferson Sunday Luncheon March
556:"The Little White Lie" James and Eliza Monroe
177:appeared in ensemble roles, as did the young
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206:, left the production during these tryouts.
1890:Works about presidents of the United States
743:Reclamation Scene ("Can You Love") - unused
1272:A Party with Betty Comden and Adolph Green
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884:Historical Dictionary of Leonard Bernstein
592:"The Red, White and Blues" - The Minstrels
110:The musical opened on May 4, 1976, at the
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887:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 195.
274:, written in honor of Bernstein's friend
1812:The Unanswered Question (lecture series)
881:Paul R. Laird; Hsun Lin (31 July 2019).
629:On Ten Square Miles by the Potomac River
550:"I Love My Wife" - Lud, Seena, and Staff
364:. The song was subsequently recorded by
1895:Cultural depictions of Thomas Jefferson
836:"A Bernstein Musical Revived — in Part"
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1012:1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
996:1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
821:, "talkinbroadway.com", March 31, 2008
656:The Nation That Wasn't There (Reprise)
650:The Nation That Wasn't There (Reprise)
333:released an abridged performance in a
1905:Cultural depictions of Andrew Johnson
1865:Musicals inspired by real-life events
860:. Taylor & Francis. p. 391.
307:in Washington, D.C., in August 1992.
98:. It is considered to be a legendary
7:
580:"Bright and Black" - Seena and Staff
577:"Forty Acres and a Mule" - The Staff
1900:Cultural depictions of James Monroe
947:"Works | Works | Leonard Bernstein"
913:Tries For a Comeback in Washington"
797:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 134.
1431:Serenade after Plato's "Symposium"
595:"I Love This Land" - The President
553:"Auctions" - Auctioneer and Buyers
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1296:The Madwoman of Central Park West
1910:Musicals set in Washington, D.C.
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1775:Academy for the Love of Learning
707:The Money-Loving Minstrel Parade
559:"We Must Have a Ball" - Buchanan
349:Recordings of individual numbers
250:Reuse of material in other works
202:, and set and costume designer,
90:is a 1976 musical with music by
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1791:Inside Pop: The Rock Revolution
971:Celebrating the American Spirit
589:"Pity The Poor" - The Minstrels
434:, which was reissued in 2005.
390:Celebrating the American Spirit
1403:(1986, 1988, 1989, originally
515:"If I Was a Dove" - Little Lud
260:, for example, the setting of
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1875:Musicals by Leonard Bernstein
857:Operetta A Theatrical History
469:Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
438:performed "Lud's Wedding" on
635:The Nation That Wasn't There
598:"Rehearse!" - Entire Company
475:, and the administration of
463:in 1814, the prelude to the
106:Original Broadway production
1870:Musicals by Alan Jay Lerner
1386:Slava! A Political Overture
562:"The Ball" - Entire Company
271:Slava! A Political Overture
149:played all the presidents,
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1001:Internet Broadway Database
854:Traubner, Richard (2003).
473:1876 presidential election
153:all the First Ladies, and
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1592:Music for the Dance No. 2
1357:) (1948–49, revised 1965)
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716:The Red, White, and Blues
343:London Symphony Orchestra
131:affair with a black slave
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1423:Prelude, Fugue and Riffs
1288:1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
1031:1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
911:1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
87:1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
24:1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
1817:Young People's Concerts
819:"A White House Cantata"
791:Mordden, Ethan (2004).
749:A Star at Noon - unused
641:Take Care of This House
638:Welcome Home, Miz Adams
574:"Entr'acte" - Orchestra
441:The Songs That Got Away
94:and book and lyrics by
1885:White House in fiction
1807:Pacific Music Festival
1785:Bernstein–Mahler cycle
1401:Concerto for Orchestra
509:"Overture" - Orchestra
112:Mark Hellinger Theatre
37:1976 Broadway Playbill
1566:My Twelve Tone Melody
1275:(1958, collaboration)
933:A White House Cantata
735:Other musical numbers
611:Philadelphia premiere
461:Burning of Washington
412:Broadway Showstoppers
319:A White House Cantata
312:A White House Cantata
276:Mstislav Rostropovich
226:A White House Cantata
1600:Sonata for the Piano
1299:(1979, contribution)
1080:List of compositions
951:leonardbernstein.com
376:, and opera singers
1236:One Hand, One Heart
1215:Gee, Officer Krupke
752:The Switch - unused
713:The Grand Ol' Party
692:Uncle Tom's Funeral
674:We Must Have a Ball
536:1. Allegro con brio
477:Chester Alan Arthur
388:for the 2012 album
358:Frederica von Stade
331:Deutsche Grammophon
294:Subsequent revivals
240:Rutherford B. Hayes
1688:(incidental music)
1677:Other compositions
1546:(song cycle, 1947)
1538:(song cycle, 1943)
1355:The Age of Anxiety
1243:Something's Coming
1145:New York, New York
1094:Opera and operetta
978:2013-08-09 at the
918:The New York Times
300:Indiana University
192:play-within-a-play
151:Patricia Routledge
139:American Civil War
1880:Broadway musicals
1847:
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1497:Chichester Psalms
1102:Trouble in Tahiti
1069:Leonard Bernstein
921:, August 13, 1992
907:Holland, Bernard.
894:978-1-5381-1345-5
867:978-0-203-50902-9
804:978-1-4039-6539-4
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719:American Dreaming
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382:Roberta Alexander
218:Critical reaction
198:, choreographer,
92:Leonard Bernstein
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1768:Related articles
1758:The Joy of Music
1715:Film adaptations
1543:La Bonne Cuisine
1530:(art song, 1935)
1334:Orchestral music
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1450:Chamber music
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1405:Jubilee Games
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1222:I Feel Pretty
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1118:A Quiet Place
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710:Pity the Poor
709:
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701:Hail Garfield
700:
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668:The Monroviad
667:
664:
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659:Lud's Wedding
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532:
530:"Seena" - Lud
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400:for her 2018
399:
395:
392:conducted by
391:
387:
383:
379:
378:Marilyn Horne
375:
374:Julie Andrews
371:
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281:A Quiet Place
277:
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237:
236:tour-de-force
232:
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197:
196:Frank Corsaro
193:
188:
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185:Bruce Hubbard
183:
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175:Richard Muenz
172:
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155:Gilbert Price
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119:
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116:George Faison
113:
105:
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20:
1822:
1789:
1756:
1738:
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1722:
1702:
1694:
1685:
1683:
1664:
1658:Bridal Suite
1656:
1648:
1638:
1630:
1622:
1614:
1611:(1942—1988)
1606:
1598:
1590:
1582:
1556:
1541:
1535:I Hate Music
1533:
1511:Missa Brevis
1505:Olympic Hymn
1495:
1487:
1468:
1437:
1429:
1421:
1404:
1394:Divertimento
1392:
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1167:
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1135:
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1030:
1017:
1011:
995:
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965:
954:. Retrieved
950:
941:
932:
926:
916:
910:
903:
883:
876:
856:
849:
839:
813:
793:
772:
725:
689:Philadelphia
601:
547:"Lud's Wife"
481:
451:
439:
431:
420:Davis Gaines
418:and sung by
416:John McGlinn
411:
409:
403:
389:
386:Kelli O'Hara
362:Jimmy Carter
355:
352:
318:
316:
311:
297:
287:Olympic Hymn
285:
279:
269:
265:
262:Walt Whitman
255:
253:
244:
224:
221:
212:
208:
189:
163:Reid Shelton
135:James Monroe
120:
109:
86:
85:
84:
22:
1825:(2023 film)
1741:(2021 film)
1733:(1961 film)
1725:(1949 film)
1723:On the Town
1650:Four Sabras
1576:Piano music
1489:Hashkiveinu
1470:Dance Suite
1415:Concertante
1152:Lonely Town
1137:On the Town
755:We - unused
704:Hail Arthur
456:White House
426:. The late
339:Kent Nagano
204:Tony Walton
171:Beth Fowler
159:Emily Yancy
123:White House
73:Productions
1854:Categories
1653:(ca. 1950)
1616:Seven Ann.
1457:Piano Trio
1315:Fancy Free
956:2024-08-21
773:Show Music
766:References
482:New York:
147:Ken Howard
1635:(1949–51)
1632:Five Ann.
1624:Four Ann.
1619:(1942–43)
1551:So Pretty
1528:Psalm 148
1378:CBS Music
1250:Somewhere
1161:Peter Pan
931:Discogs:
671:This Time
424:Judy Kaye
396:, and by
366:Judy Kaye
341:with the
323:BBC Radio
290:of 1981.
1841:Category
1686:The Lark
1568:" (1988)
1553:" (1968)
1507:" (1981)
1367:) (1963)
1347:) (1942)
1345:Jeremiah
1129:Musicals
1018:Playbill
976:Archived
665:Auctions
653:Sonatina
542:3. Rondo
494:Broadway
266:Songfest
257:Songfest
182:baritone
100:Broadway
78:Broadway
1823:Maestro
1666:Touches
1365:Kaddish
1256:Tonight
1201:America
1189:(1957)
1172:(1953)
1140:(1944)
1110:Candide
1015:at the
999:at the
775:. 25–32
626:Prelude
1707:(1986)
1699:(1971)
1691:(1955)
1669:(1980)
1661:(1960)
1643:(1988)
1627:(1948)
1603:(1938)
1595:(1938)
1587:(1937)
1561:(1977)
1513:(1988)
1500:(1965)
1492:(1945)
1481:Choral
1473:(1989)
1465:(1942)
1459:(1937)
1442:(1981)
1434:(1954)
1426:(1948)
1397:(1980)
1389:(1977)
1381:(1976)
1373:(1961)
1326:(1974)
1323:Dybbuk
1318:(1944)
1307:Ballet
1291:(1976)
1283:(1968)
1164:(1950)
1121:(1983)
1113:(1956)
1105:(1951)
1085:Awards
935:(2000)
891:
864:
801:
726:
684:Act II
602:
569:Act II
471:, the
467:, the
402:album
327:London
53:Lyrics
1750:Books
1521:Vocal
1439:Ḥalil
1229:Maria
1020:Vault
647:Seena
621:Act I
504:Act I
404:Walls
231:opera
76:1976
43:Music
1696:Mass
1208:Cool
1177:Ohio
889:ISBN
862:ISBN
799:ISBN
448:Plot
422:and
380:and
173:and
157:and
141:and
64:Book
1856::
949:.
915:,
838:,
826:^
783:^
407:.
372:,
368:,
335:CD
187:.
169:,
165:,
133:,
118:.
1564:"
1549:"
1503:"
1407:)
1363:(
1353:(
1343:(
1265:"
1261:"
1258:"
1252:"
1248:"
1245:"
1241:"
1238:"
1234:"
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1227:"
1224:"
1220:"
1217:"
1213:"
1210:"
1206:"
1203:"
1199:"
1196:"
1192:"
1179:"
1175:"
1154:"
1150:"
1147:"
1143:"
1061:e
1054:t
1047:v
959:.
897:.
870:.
807:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
