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168th Aero Squadron

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69: 112: 325:(RFC) for training. The squadron was divided into four flights, A, B, C, and D. A and B Flights were sent to RFC Tedcester in Yorkshire and C and D Flights were sent to RFC Doncester, also in Yorkshire to be trained by the British in aircraft assembly, engine repair, motor vehicles and other aspects of operating a combat squadron on the front. After five months of training, the squadron was re-assembled at Flower Down Rest Camp, Winchester on 7 August 1918. A final inspection there was made, and preparations were made for the squadron to be sent into combat in France. 52: 1201: 122: 365: 158: 28: 1777: 388:, acting as protection for their planes and also enabling the pilots to acquaint themselves with the Toul Sector. Beginning on 12 October, the 168th formally took over the observation area for the 7th Infantry Division and began flying combat observation missions. The squadron flew about ten sorties per day, with a few exceptions when weather limited operations. 392:
attacked by a group of five enemy aircraft. One of the enemy aircraft managed to get on the tail of one of the protection aircraft but Lt. Myers placed his aircraft in a position which enabled Lt. McCollough to shoot it down. On the same day, three other combats were reported. After that day, each mission was met and attacked by Enemy Aircraft.
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On 3 November, a squadron plane on a photo-reconnaissance mission passed near an enemy observation balloon and fired on it. As luck would have it, the squadron had just received a supply of incendiary bullets which had been loaded in the aircraft's machine guns. By good shooting the balloon was hit
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Flew first combat mission on 5 October 1918, flew one to five missions each day. First combat with enemy forces on 30 October, one enemy aircraft shot down (Lt. Myers), three other combats reported. 1 enemy balloon shot down on 3 November. Another combat reported on 5 November, Lt Myers shot down
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During the first few days of active flying, the squadron did not encounter any enemy aircraft. However, by 30 October, the sky was full of enemy Fokkers, generally found in groups of five to seven. On that day, Lieutenants Myers and McCollough with Lieutenants White and Bruett as protection were
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Personnel were subsequently assigned to the commanding general, services of supply, and ordered to report to one of several staging camps in France. There, personnel awaited scheduling to report to one of the base ports in France for transport to the United States. The squadron arrived at Camp
1166: 286:, Texas, with 154 recruits being assigned to the squadron on the 19th. The squadron began a program of drill and indoctrination into the Air Service. On 18 December, the squadron was ordered to report to the Aviation Concentration Center, 896:
Series "H", Section "O", Volume 29, Weekly Statistical Reports of Air Service Activities, October 1918 – May 1919. Gorrell's History of the American Expeditionary Forces Air Service, 1917–1919, National Archives, Washington,
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Up until the Armistice on 11 November, the squadron flew observation, artillery adjustment and photo-reconnaissance missions to support the 7th Division as they advanced. During the combat the squadron was engaged in, two
2074: 1622: 1139: 290:, Long Island, and arrived on 26 December for overseas duty. There, about 60 members of the squadron were placed in training schools for three weeks while the remainder performed guard duty and camp maintenance duty. 1546: 1149: 1144: 1188: 1171: 829: 1002:
Series "D", Weekly Statistical Reports of Air Service Activities, October 1918 – May 1919. Gorrell's History of the American Expeditionary Forces Air Service, 1917–1919, National Archives, Washington, D.C.
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Section E, Volume 26, Supplemental Histories of the 25th-1102d Aero Squadrons, Gorrell's History of the American Expeditionary Forces Air Service, 1917–1919, National Archives, Washington, D.C. via
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United States War Department (1920), Battle Participation of Organizations of the American Expeditionary Forces in France, Belgium and Italy, 1917–1919, Washington, Government Printing Office, 1920
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Series "E", Volume 20, History of the 151st–199th Aero Squadrons. Gorrell's History of the American Expeditionary Forces Air Service, 1917–1919, National Archives, Washington, D.C.
340:, reaching St. Maixent on 14 August where the 168th was classified as a Corps Observation squadron. From there, the squadron proceeded to the Air Service Production Center No. 2., 1917: 1275: 1480: 1965: 1468: 1131: 1114: 990:
The "Stations" section below gives a transfer to Colombey on 12 May. It can be noted that the Gorrell's reference given deals with a period which does not go to 18 June...
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to turn in all of its supplies and equipment and was relieved from duty with the AEF. The squadron's planes were delivered to the Air Service Production Center No. 2. at
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Order of Battle of the United States Land Forces in the First World War, Volume 3, Part 3, Center of Military History, United States Army, 1949 (1988 Reprint)
1439: 1852: 812: 409: 1604: 1506: 1463: 1087: 1880: 1756: 1665: 1599: 1584: 1209: 1092: 1642: 1556: 1551: 412:, were awarded to Lieutenant Pandell and Lieutenant Armstrong, both on 4 November for flying extremely hazardous missions over enemy territory. 1660: 1451: 1124: 907: 1807: 1627: 1057: 958: 1897: 1875: 1847: 1751: 1308: 1746: 1712: 1669: 1960: 2013: 2008: 1536: 1396: 1288: 428:
with aerial photography. The squadron photographed 8 of the 11 Metz forts & photographed everything on the surface of the ground.
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on 26 August where the men of the squadron were fully equipped and given gas mask training. Next, on 2 September, a move was made to
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The squadron was assigned as a Corps Observation Squadron, performing short-range, tactical reconnaissance over the IV Corps,
1985: 1717: 1677: 221: 73: 1837: 1732: 1685: 598: 384:, Second Army and immediately began preparations for active combat service. Initially, the squadron flew patrols with the 99: 68: 908:"Maurer, Maurer (1978), The US Air Service in World War I, The Office of Air Force History, Headquarters USAF Washington" 1970: 1697: 1681: 701: 671: 479:
Mills, New York in late July 1919. There most of the men returned to civilian life, being discharged from Army service.
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On 11 August, orders were received for the 168th to proceed to the Air Service Replacement Concentration Center,
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On 18 June 1919, orders were received from Third Army for the squadron to report to the 1st Air Depot,
443:. There, the squadron was able to perform test flights on surrendered German aircraft. Flights of the 1416: 1411: 1313: 665: 472: 341: 2048: 2033: 1421: 1406: 1401: 914: 677: 616: 605: 397: 353: 294: 309:, England on 16 Funerary. From Liverpool, the squadron traveled by train to the Ramsey Rest Camp, 121: 1993: 1980: 1938: 1907: 1386: 1333: 1318: 1283: 1229: 345: 322: 266: 175: 364: 157: 1702: 1391: 1366: 954: 948: 385: 1885: 1484: 1371: 1356: 1346: 420:
With the end of hostilities, the squadron first moved to the 2d Air Instructional Center at
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where for the next five weeks, the squadron trained on the DH-4s and performed camp duties.
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On 31 January 1918, the squadron was ordered to report to the United States Port of Entry,
1948: 1381: 1376: 1361: 1351: 1341: 796: 689: 475:, and there, practically all of the pilots and observers were detached from the squadron. 425: 421: 258:
in Germany. The squadron returned to the United States in July 1919 and was demobilized.
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Pilots of the 168th Aero Squadron, Croix de Metz Aerodrome (Toul), France, November 1918
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aircraft. The next stop on the journey to the front lines was to the 1st Air Depot at
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on 24 November, where the squadron was called upon to cover 45 sq. miles of the
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The squadron saw limited combat, and with Second Army's planned offensive drive on
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Attached to the Royal Flying Corps for training, 16 February – 11 August 1918
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After the Hindenburg line was photographed, the 168th was then assigned to
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sector of the Western Front in France, providing battlefield intelligence.
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and set on fire. A shared credit of the downing of this ballon was with a
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After spending 11 days at Ramsey, the 168th was assigned to the
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one enemy aircraft. Enemy combat again on 5 November 2 DSC's awarded.
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Organization of the Air Service of the American Expeditionary Force
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A&B Flight to RFC Tedcester; C&D Flight to RFC Doncester
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Squadrons of the United States Army Air Service in World War I
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The U.S. Air Service in World War I, Volume IV: Postwar Review
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The 168th Aero Squadron was organized on 12 December 1917 at
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Air Service Replacement Concentration Center, 14 August 1918
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The squadron was never reactivated and there is no current
1022:"Military Times Hall of Valor Search, 168th Aero Squadron" 435:, Germany to serve as part of the occupation force of the 652:
Flower Down Rest Camp, Winchester, England, 7 August 1918
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Pilots of the 168th Aero Squadron at Toul, November 1918
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Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces
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House Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces
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Commanding General, Services of Supply, May–June 1919
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Western Front, France: 30 September-11 November 1918
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Military units and formations disestablished in 1919
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Air Service Production Center No. 2., 19 August 1918
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Austro-Hungarian Imperial and Royal Aviation Troops
2024: 1926: 1866: 1830: 1651: 1613: 1497: 1332: 1274: 1248: 1217: 1208: 1080: 169: 164: 152: 147: 137: 132: 106: 95: 87: 79: 63: 45: 37: 20: 1167:House Subcommittee on Tactical Air and Land Forces 2080:Military units and formations established in 1917 519:Post Headquarters, Kelly Field, 12 December 1917 2070:Squadrons of the United States Army Air Service 522:Aviation Concentration Center, 26 December 1917 301:. The crossing of the Atlantic was uneventful, 459:aircraft were made and evaluations were made. 1808: 1058: 554:2d Air Instructional Center, 24 November 1918 143:Captain Harry A. Miller Lt Frederick L. Kopff 8: 642:Squadron divided into flights for training: 525:Air Service Headquarters, AEF, British Isles 344:, on 19 August where the squadron received 305:being in a convoy of 14 ships, arriving at 1815: 1801: 1793: 1214: 1065: 1051: 1043: 974: 972: 970: 883: 881: 879: 372:Finally, on 5 October, the 168th moved to 877: 875: 873: 871: 869: 867: 865: 863: 861: 859: 601:, Garden City, New York, 26 December 1917 380:, where the squadron was assigned to the 747: 739:, Halberstadt and Rumpler aircraft, 1919 998: 996: 953:. DIANE Publishing. 1979. p. 106. 855: 499:168th Aero Squadron (Corps Observation) 1261:Operational Test and Evaluation Center 1125:Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force 332:in France. The squadron first went to 186: 17: 7: 851:Air Force Historical Research Agency 726:Enemy aircraft flown for evaluation 250:, the squadron was assigned to the 2014:Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service 2009:Imperial Japanese Army Air Service 1762:Air & Space Forces Association 1179:Senate Committee on Armed Services 439:under the Third Army Air Service, 14: 2049:Bulgarian Army Aeroplane Section 1776: 1775: 1674:Division of Military Aeronautics 1199: 1098:Under Secretary of the Air Force 845: This article incorporates 840: 660:St. Maixent Replacement Barracks 330:St. Maixent Replacement Barracks 156: 120: 110: 67: 50: 26: 825:List of American aero squadrons 620:, 31 January – 16 February 1918 41:19 December 1917 – 22 July 1919 1986:United States Army Air Service 1961:Canadian Air Force (1918–1920) 1853:Aircraft of the Central Powers 1848:Aircraft of the Entente Powers 1585:Reserve Officer Training Corps 1542:Judge Advocate General's Corps 1184:Senate Subcommittee on Airland 1162:House Armed Services Committee 770:12 October – 11 November 1918 686:, Toul, France, 5 October 1918 336:for the cross-channel trip to 222:United States Army Air Service 74:United States Army Air Service 1: 1733:Women Airforce Service Pilots 713:, New York, c 15–22 July 1919 599:Aviation Concentration Center 569:Eastern Department, July 1919 545:1st Air Depot, 26 August 1918 410:Distinguished Service Crosses 100:American Expeditionary Forces 1971:Imperial Russian Air Service 789:Lt. Rodney M. Armstrong, DSC 744:Combat sectors and campaigns 702:Colombey-les-Belles Airdrome 672:Colombey-les-Belles Airdrome 469:Colombey-les-Belles Airdrome 350:Colombey-les-Belles Airdrome 2034:Imperial German Air Service 1088:Department of the Air Force 813:Distinguished Service Cross 637:, England, 17 February 1918 558:III Corps Observation Group 504:Demobilized on 22 July 1919 441:III Corps Observation Group 256:Occupation of the Rhineland 248:1918 Armistice with Germany 127:Occupation of the Rhineland 2101: 2044:Ottoman Aviation Squadrons 1093:Secretary of the Air Force 692:, France, 24 November 1918 680:, France, 2 September 1918 563:1st Air Depot, 12 May 1919 549:IV Corps Observation Group 382:IV Corps Observation Group 200:IV Corps Observation Group 153:168th Aero Squadron Emblem 1770: 1435: 1197: 595:, Texas, 12 December 1917 237:United States Second Army 189: 25: 1595:Airman Leadership School 1397:Thirteenth Expeditionary 1235:Field Operating Agencies 698:, Germany, 15 April 1919 674:, France, 26 August 1918 668:, France, 19 August 1918 662:, France, 14 August 1918 416:Third Army of Occupation 252:United States Third Army 224:unit that fought on the 1976:Royal Italian Air Corps 1956:Australian Flying Corps 1944:Royal Naval Air Service 1824:Aviation in World War I 1580:Officer Training School 1074:United States Air Force 684:Croix de Metz Aerodrome 374:Croix de Metz Aerodrome 263:United States Air Force 2005:Japanese air services 1623:Awards and decorations 1256:District of Washington 1249:Direct Reporting Units 847:public domain material 792:Lt. Elmer Pendell, DSC 630:, England, 16 February 369: 1935:British air services 1898:Aerial reconnaissance 1666:Aeronautical Division 707:France, May–July 1919 704:, France, 12 May 1919 492:, on 12 December 1917 367: 246:cancelled due to the 1537:Aeronautical ratings 1136:Three-star generals 980:http://www.fold3.com 920:on 27 September 2013 696:Weißenthurm Airdrome 666:Romorantin Aerodrome 614:Overseas transport: 473:Romorantin Aerodrome 433:Weißenthurm Airdrome 342:Romorantin Aerodrome 1990:Greek air services 1831:People and aircraft 1334:Numbered Air Forces 1115:Vice Chief of Staff 1028:on 4 September 2013 678:Autreville Airdrome 606:Hoboken, New Jersey 501:, on 14 August 1918 490:168th Aero Squadron 398:135th Aero Squadron 354:Autreville Airdrome 317:Training in England 295:Hoboken, New Jersey 218:168th Aero Squadron 21:168th Aero Squadron 1981:Romanian Air Corps 1966:French Air Service 1939:Royal Flying Corps 1908:Flight over Vienna 1692:The U.S. Air Force 1605:Fitness Assessment 1562:Chief of Chaplains 1481:Civilian auxiliary 1230:Air National Guard 1132:Four-star generals 633:Ramsey Rest Camp, 370: 346:Dayton-Wright DH-4 323:Royal Flying Corps 267:Air National Guard 176:Dayton-Wright DH-4 2057: 2056: 1999:Naval Air Service 1893:Bombing of cities 1876:Strategic bombing 1790: 1789: 1575:Air Force Academy 1493: 1492: 1120:Director of Staff 960:978-1-4289-1607-4 815: 807: 806: 779:Notable personnel 776: 775: 722: 721: 578: 577: 551:, 12 October 1918 386:8th Aero Squadron 214: 213: 182: 181: 91:Corps Observation 2092: 1994:Army Air Service 1817: 1810: 1803: 1794: 1779: 1778: 1678:Army Air Service 1670:Aviation Section 1485:Civil Air Patrol 1215: 1203: 1202: 1067: 1060: 1053: 1044: 1038: 1037: 1035: 1033: 1024:. Archived from 1018: 1012: 1009: 1003: 1000: 991: 988: 982: 976: 965: 964: 945: 939: 936: 930: 929: 927: 925: 919: 913:. Archived from 912: 904: 898: 894: 888: 885: 844: 843: 810: 784: 748: 587: 514: 400:plane {Observer 297:and boarded HMS 288:Hazelhurst Field 269:successor unit. 187: 160: 124: 114: 71: 56: 54: 53: 30: 18: 2100: 2099: 2095: 2094: 2093: 2091: 2090: 2089: 2060: 2059: 2058: 2053: 2026: 2020: 1949:Royal Air Force 1928: 1922: 1868: 1862: 1826: 1821: 1791: 1786: 1766: 1757:Service numbers 1728:National Museum 1686:Army Air Forces 1653: 1647: 1615: 1609: 1567:Chief Scientist 1557:Medical Service 1552:Security Forces 1499: 1489: 1474:Security Forces 1431: 1328: 1270: 1244: 1204: 1200: 1195: 1076: 1071: 1041: 1031: 1029: 1020: 1019: 1015: 1010: 1006: 1001: 994: 989: 985: 977: 968: 961: 947: 946: 942: 937: 933: 923: 921: 917: 910: 906: 905: 901: 895: 891: 886: 857: 841: 838: 821: 808: 797:Barney M. Giles 781: 754:Sector/Campaign 746: 728: 723: 690:Tours Aerodrome 604:Port of Entry, 584: 579: 560:, 15 April 1919 511: 497:Re-designated: 485: 465: 426:Hindenburg Line 422:Tours Aerodrome 418: 362: 319: 280: 275: 254:as part of the 202: 185: 139: 125: 119: 115: 51: 49: 33: 12: 11: 5: 2098: 2096: 2088: 2087: 2082: 2077: 2072: 2062: 2061: 2055: 2054: 2052: 2051: 2046: 2041: 2036: 2030: 2028: 2025:Central Powers 2022: 2021: 2019: 2018: 2017: 2016: 2011: 2003: 2002: 2001: 1996: 1988: 1983: 1978: 1973: 1968: 1963: 1958: 1953: 1952: 1951: 1946: 1941: 1932: 1930: 1927:Entente Powers 1924: 1923: 1921: 1920: 1915: 1910: 1905: 1903:Fokker Scourge 1900: 1895: 1890: 1889: 1888: 1883: 1872: 1870: 1864: 1863: 1861: 1860: 1855: 1850: 1845: 1840: 1834: 1832: 1828: 1827: 1822: 1820: 1819: 1812: 1805: 1797: 1788: 1787: 1785: 1784: 1771: 1768: 1767: 1765: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1735: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1703:Airman's Creed 1700: 1698:Air Force Band 1695: 1688: 1682:Army Air Corps 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1160: 1156: 1153: 1151: 1148: 1146: 1143: 1141: 1138: 1137: 1135: 1133: 1130: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1108: 1107: 1106: 1103: 1099: 1096: 1094: 1091: 1090: 1089: 1086: 1085: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1068: 1063: 1061: 1056: 1054: 1049: 1048: 1045: 1027: 1023: 1017: 1014: 1008: 1005: 999: 997: 993: 987: 984: 981: 975: 973: 971: 967: 962: 956: 952: 951: 944: 941: 935: 932: 916: 909: 903: 900: 893: 890: 884: 882: 880: 878: 876: 874: 872: 870: 868: 866: 864: 862: 860: 856: 853: 852: 849:from the 848: 835: 831: 828: 826: 823: 822: 818: 816: 814: 803: 798: 794: 791: 788: 787: 786: 785: 778: 772: 769: 766: 764: 763: 759: 756: 753: 750: 749: 743: 738: 734: 730: 729: 725: 718: 712: 709: 706: 703: 700: 697: 694: 691: 688: 685: 682: 679: 676: 673: 670: 667: 664: 661: 658: 657: 656: 651: 650: 644: 643: 641: 640: 636: 632: 629: 626: 625: 619: 618: 613: 612: 611: 610: 607: 603: 600: 597: 594: 591: 590: 589: 588: 581: 574: 568: 565: 562: 559: 556: 553: 550: 547: 544: 543: 542: 537: 534: 533: 529: 528: 524: 521: 518: 517: 516: 515: 508: 503: 500: 496: 495: 491: 488:Organized as 487: 486: 482: 480: 476: 474: 470: 462: 460: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 429: 427: 423: 415: 413: 411: 405: 403: 402:John F. Curry 399: 393: 389: 387: 383: 379: 375: 366: 359: 357: 355: 351: 347: 343: 339: 335: 331: 326: 324: 316: 314: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 291: 289: 285: 277: 272: 270: 268: 264: 259: 257: 253: 249: 245: 240: 238: 233: 231: 227: 226:Western Front 223: 219: 206: 205: 204: 201: 197: 194: 193: 188: 184:Military unit 177: 174: 172: 168: 163: 159: 155: 151: 146: 142: 136: 131: 128: 123: 118: 113: 109: 105: 101: 98: 94: 90: 86: 82: 78: 75: 70: 66: 62: 59: 58:United States 48: 44: 40: 36: 29: 24: 19: 16: 2027:air services 1929:air services 1913:Bloody April 1774: 1752:Thunderbirds 1614:Uniforms and 1266:USAF Academy 1155:2020–present 1030:. Retrieved 1026:the original 1016: 1007: 986: 949: 943: 934: 922:. Retrieved 915:the original 902: 892: 839: 809: 801: 767:Toul Sector 733:Fokker D.VII 716: 617:RMS Adriatic 615: 572: 498: 489: 477: 466: 453:Halberstadts 445:Fokker D.VII 430: 419: 406: 394: 390: 371: 327: 320: 302: 298: 292: 281: 260: 241: 234: 217: 215: 198: 96:Part of 15: 1869:and battles 1747:Honor Guard 1708:Core Values 1652:History and 1032:4 September 924:4 September 737:Pfalz D.XII 593:Kelly Field 509:Assignments 449:Pfalz D.XII 360:Toul Sector 334:Southampton 284:Kelly Field 230:World War I 178:, 1918–1919 117:World War I 107:Engagements 2064:Categories 1838:Commanders 1654:traditions 1573:Training: 1417:Nineteenth 1412:Eighteenth 1081:Leadership 836:References 731:Evaluated 711:Camp Mills 635:Winchester 311:Winchester 195:Operations 140:commanders 133:Commanders 1867:Campaigns 1858:Zeppelins 1633:Equipment 1616:equipment 1547:RED HORSE 1507:Personnel 1464:Squadrons 1422:Twentieth 1407:Sixteenth 1402:Fifteenth 1210:Structure 1150:2010–2019 1145:2000–2009 1140:1940–1959 1105:Air Staff 628:Liverpool 437:Rhineland 307:Liverpool 1886:Cuxhaven 1781:Category 1723:Memorial 1643:Uniforms 1638:Aircraft 1525:enlisted 1515:officers 1500:training 1387:Eleventh 1218:Commands 819:See also 751:Streamer 582:Stations 338:Le Havre 303:Adriatic 299:Adriatic 148:Insignia 83:Squadron 1918:Battles 1661:History 1392:Twelfth 1367:Seventh 1225:Reserve 795:2nd Lt 483:Lineage 457:Rumpler 376:, near 278:Origins 273:History 228:during 138:Notable 72:  46:Country 1881:German 1718:Symbol 1628:Badges 1520:cadets 1452:Groups 1372:Eighth 1357:Fourth 1347:Second 957:  802: 760:Notes 717: 573: 220:was a 64:Branch 55:  38:Active 1511:Rank 1440:Wings 1382:Tenth 1377:Ninth 1362:Fifth 1352:Third 1342:First 1319:PACAF 1309:AFSOC 1294:AFGSC 918:(PDF) 911:(PDF) 811:DSC: 757:Dates 102:(AEF) 1843:Aces 1713:Flag 1600:SERE 1304:AFRC 1299:AFMC 1289:AETC 1034:2013 955:ISBN 926:2013 897:D.C. 455:and 378:Toul 244:Metz 216:The 88:Role 80:Type 1469:ANG 1457:ANG 1445:ANG 1314:AMC 1284:ACC 265:or 2066:: 1740:/ 1684:/ 1680:/ 1676:/ 1672:/ 1668:/ 1483:: 995:^ 969:^ 858:^ 735:, 451:, 447:, 404:} 313:. 232:. 1816:e 1809:t 1802:v 1694:" 1690:" 1066:e 1059:t 1052:v 1036:. 963:. 928:.

Index


United States

United States Army Air Service
American Expeditionary Forces

World War I

Occupation of the Rhineland

Reconnaissance
Dayton-Wright DH-4
IV Corps Observation Group
United States Army Air Service
Western Front
World War I
United States Second Army
Metz
1918 Armistice with Germany
United States Third Army
Occupation of the Rhineland
United States Air Force
Air National Guard
Kelly Field
Hazelhurst Field
Hoboken, New Jersey
Liverpool
Winchester
Royal Flying Corps
St. Maixent Replacement Barracks

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