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noise was inconceivably loud and terrific, I could distinctly hear the crash of falling trees, and the screaming of the wild fowl on the river, but found that the boat was still safe at her moorings. By the time we could get to our fire, which was on a large flag in the stern of the boat, the shock had ceased; but immediately the perpendicular banks, both above and below us, began to fall into the river in such vast masses, as nearly to sink our boat by the swell they occasioned ... At day-light we had counted twenty-seven shocks.
113:
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1504:
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leaped out of bed crying aloud "the
Indians are on the house" ... We laughed at the mistake of my father, but soon found out it was worse than the Indians. Not one in the family knew at the time that it was an earthquake. The next morning another shock made us acquainted with it, so we decided it was an earthquake. The cattle came running home bellowing with fear, and all animals were terribly alarmed on the occasion. Our house cracked and quivered, so we were fearful it would fall to the ground. In the
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sulphurious vapor, causing total darkness. The screams of the affrighted inhabitants running to and fro, not knowing where to go, or what to do—the cries of the fowls and beasts of every species—the cracking of trees falling, and the roaring of the
Mississippi— the current of which was retrograde for a few minutes, owing as is supposed, to an irruption in its bed— formed a scene truly horrible.
120:
97:
74:
40:
435:, only sparsely settled by European settlers. Contemporary accounts have led seismologists to estimate that these stable continental region earthquakes were felt strongly throughout much of the central and eastern United States, across an area of roughly 50,000 square miles (130,000 km), and moderately across nearly 1 million sq mi (3 million km). The
890:
In recent decades, minor earthquakes have continued. The epicenters of over 4,000 earthquakes can be identified from seismic measurements since 1974, originating from the seismic activity of the
Reelfoot Rift. Forecasts for the next 50 years estimate a 7-10% chance of a major earthquake like those of
792:
On the night of the 15th of
December, 1811, an earthquake occurred, that produced great consternation amongst the people. The centre of the violence was in New Madrid, Missouri, but the whole valley of the Mississippi was violently agitated. Our family all were sleeping in a log cabin, and my father
923:
was formed in
Tennessee by subsidence of 1.5 meters to 6 meters in some places. Lake St. Francis in eastern Arkansas was expanded by subsidence, with sand and coal being ejected from fissures in the adjacent swamps as water levels rose by 8 to 9 meters. Waves on the Mississippi River caused boats to
759:
After supper, we went to sleep as usual: about ten o'clock, and in the night I was awakened by the most tremendous noise, accompanied by an agitation of the boat so violent, that it appeared in danger of upsetting ... I could distinctly see the river as if agitated by a storm; and although the
553:
The many more aftershocks include one magnitude 7 aftershock to the
December 16, 1811, earthquake which occurred at 6:00 UTC (12:00 am local time) on December 17, 1811, and one magnitude 7 aftershock to the February 7, 1812, earthquake which occurred on the same day at 4:40 UTC (10:40 pm
943:
The number of people who died is unknown; as a frontier area, the region was sparsely populated, and communications and records were poor. The predominantly wooden buildings resisted collapse, though the intense shaking caused many chimneys to fall, wood structures to crack, and trees to fall on
772:
On the 16th of
December, 1811, about two o'clock, a.m., we were visited by a violent shock of an earthquake, accompanied by a very awful noise resembling loud but distant thunder, but more hoarse and vibrating, which was followed in a few minutes by the complete saturation of the atmosphere, with
898:
warns that a serious earthquake in the New Madrid
Seismic Zone could inflict "the highest economic losses due to a natural disaster in the United States", further predicting "widespread and catastrophic" damage across Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Mississippi, Missouri, and
939:
The continuous underlying rock mass, uninterrupted by fractures or faults, conducted the seismic waves from the earthquakes over great distances, with perceptible ground shaking as far away as Canada. Intense effects were widely felt in
Illinois, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky and Missouri.
1851:
Conevery Bolton
Valencius, "Accounts of the New Madrid earthquakes: personal narratives and seismology over the last two centuries," in Deborah R. Coen, ed., "Witness to Disaster: Earthquakes and Expertise in Comparative Perspective," *Science in Context*, 25, no. 1 (February 2012):
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1921:
USGS, Summary of 1811-1812 New Madrid Earthquake Sequence, at https://www.usgs.gov/natural-hazards/earthquake-hazards/science/summary-1811-1812-new-madrid-earthquakes-sequence?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects
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on the same day. Two additional earthquakes of similar magnitude followed in January and February 1812. They remain the most powerful earthquakes to hit the contiguous United States east of the
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Rated at VII on the Mercalli Intensity Scale, the New Madrid earthquakes remain the strongest recorded North American earthquakes east of the Rocky Mountains. The earthquakes strengthened the
2843:
529:, many houses were severely damaged and their chimneys were toppled. This shock was definitively attributed to the Reelfoot Fault by Johnston and Schweig. Uplift along a segment of this
1983:
1636:
Diary of Samuel Swan McClelland, in "Shakers of Eagle and Straight Creeks," Shakers of Ohio: Fugitive Papers Concerning the Shakers of Ohio, with unpublished manuscripts,
843:
The underlying cause of the earthquakes is not well understood, but modern faulting seems to be related to an ancient geologic feature buried under the Mississippi River
1401:. Johnston, A. C. & Schweig, E. S. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Volume 24, 1996, pp. 339–384. Available on SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
112:
89:
66:
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493:, 14:15 UTC (8:15 am local time): M 7.4, epicenter in southeast Missouri. This shock followed the first earthquake by six hours and was similar in intensity.
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971:
798:
1932:
511:, and caving of stream banks. Johnston and Schweig attributed this earthquake to a rupture on the New Madrid North Fault. This may have placed strain on the
919:, uplift, fissures, landslides and riverbank collapses were common. Trees were uprooted by the intense shaking; people drowned when subsided land flooded.
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439:, by comparison, was felt moderately over roughly 6,200 sq mi (16,000 km). The New Madrid earthquakes were interpreted variously by
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and the destruction of Prophetstown, with local Native Americans seeing it as a vindication of his teachings and of the warnings of his brother
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1976:
1856:
Viitanen, Wayne (1973), "THE WINTER THE MISSISSIPPI RAN BACKWARDS: Early Kentuckians Report the New Madrid, Missouri, Earthquake of 1811–12",
463:. It caused only slight damage to man-made structures, mainly because of the sparse population in the epicentral area. The future location of
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1969:
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particularly Tennessee, where a 7.7 or greater magnitude quake would cause damage to tens of thousands of structures affecting
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1992:
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in 1804, but I did not perceive it. The shocks continued for years in Illinois, and some have experienced it this year, 1855.
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tribes, but one consensus was universally accepted: the powerful earthquake had to have meant something. For many tribes in
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that was being pushed towards the surface. The resulting rift system failed to split the plate, but has remained as an
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487:. Modified Mercalli intensity VII or greater was observed over a 600,000 km (230,000 sq mi) area.
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2016:
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751:, was on the Mississippi on the night of December 15, 1811, and describes the tremors in great detail in his
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2011:
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821:, where the earthquakes contributed to the temporary abandonment of the westernmost Shaker community.
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1592:, Published By Joshua Martin, Printed By John B. Wolff, 1849, p. 344. Accessed September 17, 2009.
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diarist Samuel Swan McClelland described the effects of the earthquake on the Shaker settlement at
806:
526:
431:
of the earthquakes were located in an area that at the time was at the distant western edge of the
417:
1915:
1825:
When the Mississippi Ran Backwards : Empire, Intrigue, Murder, and the New Madrid Earthquakes
1808:
The Warrior and the Prophet: The Epic Story of the Brothers Who Led the Native American Resistance
924:
wash ashore; river banks rose, sand bars were destroyed, and some islands completely disappeared.
1865:
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buildings, particularly in the epicentral area during the first earthquake on December 16, 1811.
900:
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464:
882:
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1842:
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802:
504:
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484:
447:'s pan-Indian alliance, it meant that Tecumseh and his brother the Prophet must be supported.
432:
409:
17:
1912:(links to maps, history, predictions, etc. from the Arkansas Center for Earthquake Education)
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sounded by the agitation of the building. It is said the shock of an earthquake was felt in
1909:
1563:
1372:
1027:
852:
794:
748:
401:
886:
More than 4,000 earthquakes have been reported in the New Madrid Seismic Zone since 1974.
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Subsidence of Reelfoot Lake in Tennessee. The subsidence was between 4.9 and 19.6 feet.
904:
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844:
3614:
1610:
1398:
920:
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propagated upriver, and Little Prairie (a village that was on the site of the former
459:, 8:15 UTC (2:15 am local time): M 7.2–8.2, epicenter in what is now northeast
2821:
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1680:
1651:
405:
39:
1588:
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1918:(dozens of contemporary accounts of the earthquake, provided by Hanover College)
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916:
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era (about 750 million years ago). Faults were created along the rift, and
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was characterized by general ground warping, ejections, fissuring, severe
380:
New Madrid fault and earthquake-prone region considered at high risk today
960:
460:
444:
421:
1902:
1869:
784:, among other political posts, mentions the earthquake in his biography
1722:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1000:
Damage-range comparison between a moderate New Madrid zone earthquake (
948:
868:
860:
814:
48:
1889:, Volume 24, pp. 339–384. SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
541:, created waves that propagated upstream, and caused the formation of
891:
1811–1812, and a 25-40% chance of a quake of magnitude 6 or greater.
472:
1671:
753:
Travels in the Interior of America in the Years 1809, 1810 and 1811
562:, has estimated the earthquakes' magnitudes as around magnitude 7.
499:, 15:00 UTC (9:00 am local time): M 7.0–8.0, epicenter in the
376:
1331:"U.S. Geological Survey: Largest Earthquakes in the United States"
970:
930:
928:
occurred in Missouri, Tennessee, and Arkansas, covering farmland.
881:
872:
828:
1695:"USGS Release: Scientists Update New Madrid Earthquake Forecasts"
1140:"M 7.3 - North of New Madrid, Missouri (New Madrid Seismic Zone)"
396:
7.2–8.2 on December 16, 1811, followed by a moment magnitude 7.4
1782:"New Madrid earthquakes of 1811–12 | United States | Britannica"
915:
The quakes caused extensive changes to the region's topography.
856:
521:, 9:45 UTC (3:45 am local time): M 7.4–8.6, epicenter near
27:
Series of earthquakes during 1811-1812 impacting on Missouri USA
2825:
1965:
1926:
The "Hard Shock:" The New Madrid Earthquakes. The History Guy
1219:"M 6.3 - Near New Madrid, Missouri (New Madrid Seismic Zone)"
1190:"M 6.3 - Near New Madrid, Missouri (New Madrid Seismic Zone)"
855:
that formed when what is now North America began to split or
549:. The maximum Modified Mercalli intensity observed was XII.
1086:"M 7.5 - Northeastern Arkansas (New Madrid Seismic Zone)"
566:
New Madrid earthquake sequence, USGS catalog (1811–1812)
1559:
Bradbury's Travels in the interior of America, 1809–1811
1417:
Trail of Tears: The Rise and Fall of the Cherokee Nation
768:, wrote the following eyewitness account in March 1812:
119:
96:
73:
1656:"The Mississippi Valley-"Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin' On""
1752:"Summary of 1811-1812 New Madrid Earthquakes Sequence"
1447:"Summary of 1811-1812 New Madrid Earthquakes Sequence"
1883:
The Enigma of the New Madrid Earthquakes of 1811–1812
1470:"M 7.8 - Western Tennessee (New Madrid Seismic Zone)"
1399:
The Enigma of the New Madrid Earthquakes of 1811–1812
1363:
Historic Earthquakes New Madrid Earthquakes 1811–1812
1301:"The Mississippi Valley earthquakes of 1811 and 1812"
1165:"M 7.5 - Western Tennessee (New Madrid Seismic Zone)"
1111:"M 7.0 - Western Tennessee (New Madrid Seismic Zone)"
404:
in recorded history. The earthquakes, as well as the
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2486:
2385:
2284:
2223:
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2111:
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1999:
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My own times: embracing also the history of my life
786:
My Own Times: Embracing Also the History of My Life
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135:
1449:. United States Geological Survey. October 2, 2019
935:Tilted trees following the New Madrid Earthquakes.
1311:(2). United States: U.S. Geological Survey: 8–13
1213:
1211:
1184:
1182:
1916:Steamboat Adventure: The New Madrid Earthquakes
1858:The Register of the Kentucky Historical Society
1718:"Government warns of 'catastrophic' U.S. quake"
1436:(Page numbers may be for a different printing.)
1242:
1240:
859:apart during the breakup of the supercontinent
790:
770:
757:
1897:The Lost History of the New Madrid Earthquakes
1839:The Lost History of the New Madrid Earthquakes
2837:
1977:
1887:Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences
1776:
1774:
1772:
894:In a report filed in November 2008, the U.S.
8:
1615:. B. H. Perryman and H. L. Davison. p.
1105:
1103:
1080:
1078:
32:
1134:
1132:
525:. The town of New Madrid was destroyed. In
2844:
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2822:
1984:
1970:
1962:
1885:. Johnson, A.C. and Schweig, E.S. (1996)
1358:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1159:
1157:
564:
38:
31:
1679:
1841:The University of Chicago Press, 2013.
1468:National Earthquake Information Center.
1064:List of earthquakes in the United States
879:(a scar or weak zone) deep underground.
408:of their occurrence, were named for the
392:beginning with an initial earthquake of
375:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1420:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing. pp.
1074:
978:
1305:Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)
545:by obstructing streams in what is now
467:, experienced level IX shaking on the
1492:Quake analysis rewrites history books
7:
1274:"M 6.3 - Near Marked Tree, Arkansas"
1004:), and a similar Los Angeles event (
797:many chimneys were thrown down, and
896:Federal Emergency Management Agency
1716:Carey Gillam (November 20, 2008).
907:, and other vital infrastructure.
847:, known as the Reelfoot Rift. The
45:The Great Earthquake at New Madrid
25:
1472:. United States Geological Survey
1248:"M 6.1 - Near Memphis, Tennessee"
587:
420:and now within the U.S. state of
3656:Natural disasters in Mississippi
3631:Earthquakes in the United States
2853:Earthquakes in the United States
1903:The New Madrid Fault Zone (NMFZ)
1048:
1034:
1020:
993:
981:
386:1811–1812 New Madrid earthquakes
362: 6.3, 6.3, 6.1 & 6.3
118:
111:
95:
88:
72:
65:
33:1811–1812 New Madrid earthquakes
1664:United States Geological Survey
1654:; Hendley, James W. II (1995),
1586:Letter of Eliza Bryan found in
700:
682:
628:
592:
560:United States Geological Survey
479:, near the site of present-day
334:
3661:Natural disasters in Tennessee
1494:, Nature News, April 29, 2010.
664:
646:
610:
491:December 16, 1811 (aftershock)
18:1811–12 New Madrid earthquakes
1:
3651:Natural disasters in Missouri
3646:Natural disasters in Kentucky
3641:Natural disasters in Illinois
3636:Natural disasters in Arkansas
1899:by Conevery Bolton Valencius.
695:North of New Madrid, Missouri
437:1906 San Francisco earthquake
127:Show map of the United States
1697:. Usgs.gov. January 13, 2003
1837:Conevery Bolton Valencius,
1662:, USGS Fact Sheet: 168-95,
1640:, ed. Columbus, Ohio, 1907.
819:West Union (Busro), Indiana
764:Eliza Bryan in New Madrid,
3702:
3681:1812 in Missouri Territory
1908:December 19, 2008, at the
851:is made up of reactivated
836:
3514:2018 Southern Appalachian
731:New Madrid, Missouri area
659:Near New Madrid, Missouri
623:Near New Madrid, Missouri
576:
573:
570:
483:) was heavily damaged by
388:were a series of intense
60:
37:
2902:1812 San Juan Capistrano
2093:1817 Santiago del Estero
2063:1812 San Juan Capistrano
1993:Earthquakes in the 1800s
955:after the defeat at the
558:, a seismologist of the
481:Caruthersville, Missouri
469:Mercalli intensity scale
3534:2020 Monte Cristo Range
3283:1986 North Palm Springs
3138:1948 Desert Hot Springs
1806:Cozzens, Peter (2021).
1681:2027/uc1.31210010703609
1556:Bradbury, John (1817).
849:New Madrid Seismic Zone
839:New Madrid Seismic Zone
677:Near Memphis, Tennessee
3585:2010–11 Guy-Greenbrier
3158:1957 Andreanof Islands
2982:1892 Vacaville–Winters
2927:1867 Manhattan, Kansas
2696:1892 Vacaville–Winters
988:Reelfoot Rift and NMSZ
976:
936:
905:transportation systems
887:
834:
811:
775:
762:
547:Lake County, Tennessee
537:on the Mississippi at
390:intraplate earthquakes
381:
3595:2009–present Oklahoma
3484:2014 Southeast Alaska
3479:2014 Aleutian Islands
3293:1987 Whittier Narrows
3203:1968 Borrego Mountain
3153:1954 Churchill County
3128:1946 Aleutian Islands
3123:1944 Cornwall–Massena
3023:1906 Aleutian Islands
2867:1585 Aleutian Islands
2650:1888 North Canterbury
1589:Lorenzo Dow's Journal
1371:June 8, 2011, at the
1056:Earth sciences portal
974:
934:
885:
832:
766:Territory of Missouri
755:, published in 1817:
379:
104:Show map of Tennessee
3676:February 1812 events
3666:December 1811 events
3444:2010 Baja California
3298:1987 Imperial Valley
3288:1986 Chalfant Valley
3248:1979 Imperial Valley
3043:1915 Pleasant Valley
3038:1915 Imperial Valley
2645:1888 Río de la Plata
2585:1881 Nicobar Islands
2053:1811–1812 New Madrid
1566:. pp. 199–207.
1530:"M 4.0 - New Madrid"
1337:on December 13, 2016
1299:O.W. Nuttli (1974).
957:Battle of Tippecanoe
782:governor of Illinois
523:New Madrid, Missouri
81:Show map of Missouri
3671:January 1812 events
3524:2020 Salt Lake City
3469:2013 Port Alexander
3409:2006 Gulf of Mexico
3323:1992 Cape Mendocino
3088:1932 Cedar Mountain
2957:1872 North Cascades
2570:1880 Southern Luzon
2529:1872 North Cascades
2443:1867 Virgin Islands
2241:1841 Caída da Praia
2083:1816 North Atlantic
1944: /
1534:earthquake.usgs.gov
1509:earthquake.usgs.gov
1490:Richard A. Lovett,
1278:earthquake.usgs.gov
1252:earthquake.usgs.gov
1223:earthquake.usgs.gov
1194:earthquake.usgs.gov
1115:earthquake.usgs.gov
1006:1994, magnitude 6.7
1002:1895, magnitude 6.8
740:Eyewitness accounts
567:
527:St. Louis, Missouri
418:Louisiana Territory
416:, then part of the
166:1812-02-07 09:45:00
158:1812-01-23 15:00:00
150:1811-12-16 13:15:00
142:1811-12-16 08:15:00
34:
3529:2020 Central Idaho
3348:1993 Klamath Falls
3163:1957 San Francisco
3118:1940 New Hampshire
3098:1934 Hansel Valley
3068:1925 Santa Barbara
3058:1921 Sevier Valley
3018:1906 San Francisco
2977:1892 Laguna Salada
2907:1812 Santa Barbara
2897:1811–12 New Madrid
2872:1638 New Hampshire
2801:1899 Aydın–Denizli
2686:1892 Laguna Salada
2640:1888 Ritter Island
2103:1819 Rann of Kutch
1827:Free Press, 2005.
1786:www.britannica.com
977:
937:
901:water distribution
888:
871:rocks formed from
835:
747:, a fellow of the
605:Northeast Arkansas
565:
533:created temporary
465:Memphis, Tennessee
382:
3608:
3607:
3343:1993 Scotts Mills
3313:1991 Sierra Madre
3228:1975 Near Islands
3218:1971 San Fernando
3183:1962 Cache Valley
3028:1909 Wabash River
2962:1882 Fort Collins
2952:1872 Owens Valley
2819:
2818:
2676:1891 Port Waikato
2615:1885 Belovodoskoe
2595:1883 Casamicciola
2519:1872 Owens Valley
2473:1869 Christchurch
1847:978-0-2260-5389-9
1833:978-0-7432-4278-3
1650:Schweig, Eugene;
1573:978-1-4290-0055-0
1505:"NMSZ, 1810-1815"
1431:978-0-385-23954-7
737:
736:
713:Western Tennessee
641:Western Tennessee
505:meizoseismal area
501:Missouri Bootheel
485:soil liquefaction
477:Fort San Fernando
457:December 16, 1811
433:American frontier
410:Mississippi River
374:
373:
53:Our First Century
47:, a 19th-century
16:(Redirected from
3693:
3626:1812 earthquakes
3621:1811 earthquakes
3424:2008 Chino Hills
3368:1999 Hector Mine
3318:1992 Joshua Tree
3303:1989 Loma Prieta
3278:1984 Morgan Hill
3258:1981 Westmorland
3243:1979 Coyote Lake
3198:1965 Puget Sound
3193:1965 Rat Islands
3178:1959 Hebgen Lake
3148:1952 Kern County
3053:1918 San Jacinto
2997:1899 San Jacinto
2992:1898 Mare Island
2912:1838 San Andreas
2846:
2839:
2832:
2823:
2811:1899 San Jacinto
2796:1899 Yakutat Bay
2786:1898 Mare Island
2620:1886 Peloponnese
2413:1863 Hawke's Bay
2276:1848 Marlborough
2246:1842 Cap-Haïtien
2210:1838 San Andreas
2160:1833 Bihar–Nepal
2048:1810 North Korea
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1893:The Introduction
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497:January 23, 1812
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3519:2019 Ridgecrest
3489:2014 South Napa
3414:2006 Kiholo Bay
3404:2003 San Simeon
3377:
3373:2000 Yountville
3363:1998 Pymatuning
3353:1994 Northridge
3338:1992 St. George
3268:1983 Borah Peak
3223:1973 Point Mugu
3213:1969 Santa Rosa
3173:1958 Lituya Bay
3108:1936 State Line
3093:1933 Long Beach
3001:
2987:1895 Charleston
2967:1886 Charleston
2942:1870 Charlevoix
2917:1857 Fort Tejon
2892:1783 New Jersey
2877:1663 Charlevoix
2855:
2850:
2820:
2815:
2756:1895 Charleston
2681:1891 Mino–Owari
2664:
2625:1886 Charleston
2610:1884 Andalusian
2605:1884 Colchester
2558:
2499:1870 Charlevoix
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2362:1857 Basilicata
2357:1857 Fort Tejon
2280:
2256:1843 Guadeloupe
2219:
2190:1835 Concepción
2143:
2139:1829 Torrevieja
2119:1822 Costa Rica
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1910:Wayback Machine
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2882:1700 Cascadia
2880:
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2862:
2858:
2854:
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2802:
2799:
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2782:
2779:
2777:
2776:1897 Mindanao
2774:
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2764:
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2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
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2737:
2736:1894 San Juan
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2726:1894 Istanbul
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2716:1894 Atalanti
2714:
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2704:
2702:
2699:
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2660:1889 Kumamoto
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2377:1859 Shamakhi
2375:
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2348:
2347:1856 Djijelli
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2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2317:1854 Iga–Ueno
2315:
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2307:1852 Acapulco
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
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2261:1843 Wanganui
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2200:1837 Valdivia
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2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2017:1804 Kisakata
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2004:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1987:
1982:
1980:
1975:
1973:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1960:
1957:
1948:36.4°N 89.6°W
1925:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1907:
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1901:
1898:
1894:
1891:
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1836:
1834:
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1823:Jay Feldman.
1822:
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1809:
1802:
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1696:
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1677:
1673:
1669:
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1657:
1653:
1652:Gomberg, Joan
1646:
1643:
1639:
1638:J. P. MacLean
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1364:
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1166:
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966:
964:
962:
958:
954:
950:
945:
941:
933:
929:
927:
922:
921:Reelfoot Lake
918:
910:
908:
906:
902:
897:
892:
884:
880:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
840:
833:Reelfoot Rift
831:
824:
822:
820:
816:
810:
808:
804:
800:
796:
789:
787:
783:
780:, the fourth
779:
778:John Reynolds
774:
769:
767:
761:
756:
754:
750:
746:
745:John Bradbury
739:
733:
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611:
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604:
601:
598:
593:
569:
563:
561:
557:
554:local time).
548:
544:
543:Reelfoot Lake
540:
539:Kentucky Bend
536:
532:
531:reverse fault
528:
524:
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517:
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149:
145:
141:
138:
134:
114:
91:
68:
59:
54:
51:from Devens'
50:
46:
41:
36:
30:
19:
3590:2012 Brawley
3544:2021 Chignik
3449:2010 Indiana
3399:2003 Alabama
3382:21st century
3328:1992 Landers
3143:1949 Olympia
3063:1925 Montana
3006:20th century
2937:1868 Hayward
2922:1865 Memphis
2896:
2761:1896 Sanriku
2701:1893 Malatya
2549:1879 Surigao
2544:1877 Iquique
2468:1868 Hayward
2463:1868 Ecuador
2448:1867 Keelung
2423:1865 Memphis
2403:1861 Mendoza
2398:1861 Mendoza
2393:1861 Sumatra
2372:1859 Erzurum
2297:1851 Vulture
2292:1850 Xichang
2271:1847 Zenkoji
2205:1838 Vrancea
2195:1837 Galilee
2170:1833 Sumatra
2165:1833 Kunming
2098:1819 Copiapó
2068:1812 Ventura
2058:1812 Caracas
2052:
2022:1804 Almería
2012:1803 Garhwal
2007:1802 Vrancea
1929:
1896:
1886:
1864:(1): 51–68,
1861:
1857:
1838:
1824:
1807:
1801:
1791:November 26,
1789:. Retrieved
1785:
1761:November 26,
1759:. Retrieved
1756:www.usgs.gov
1755:
1729:February 25,
1727:. Retrieved
1721:
1711:
1699:. Retrieved
1689:
1659:
1645:
1632:
1620:. Retrieved
1611:
1601:
1587:
1582:
1558:
1549:
1537:. Retrieved
1533:
1524:
1512:. Retrieved
1508:
1499:
1486:
1474:. Retrieved
1463:
1451:. Retrieved
1441:
1416:
1406:
1365:
1339:. Retrieved
1335:the original
1325:
1313:. Retrieved
1308:
1304:
1294:
1282:. Retrieved
1277:
1268:
1256:. Retrieved
1251:
1227:. Retrieved
1222:
1198:. Retrieved
1193:
1171:December 30,
1169:. Retrieved
1146:December 30,
1144:. Retrieved
1119:. Retrieved
1114:
1092:December 30,
1090:. Retrieved
946:
942:
938:
914:
893:
889:
842:
812:
791:
785:
776:
771:
763:
758:
752:
743:
552:
518:
496:
490:
471:. A seismic
456:
426:
406:seismic zone
385:
383:
344:
52:
44:
29:
3539:2020 Sparta
3504:2018 Hawaii
3499:2018 Alaska
3439:2010 Eureka
3394:2002 Denali
3308:1990 Upland
3273:1983 Kaoiki
3253:1980 Eureka
3238:1975 Hawaii
3233:1975 Morris
3188:1964 Alaska
3168:1958 Huslia
3103:1935 Helena
3083:1932 Eureka
3073:1927 Lompoc
2972:1887 Sonora
2947:1871 Lānaʻi
2932:1868 Hawaii
2751:1895 Balkan
2741:1895 Quchan
2731:1894 Shōnai
2706:1893 Quchan
2655:1889 Chilik
2630:1887 Sonora
2590:1882 Panama
2575:1880 Zagreb
2539:1875 Cúcuta
2534:1873 Alpago
2514:1872 Hamada
2504:1871 Lānaʻi
2494:1870 Batang
2478:1869 Cachar
2453:1868 Hawaii
2428:1866 Bingöl
2418:1863 Manila
2367:1858 Hietsu
2327:1854 Nankai
2312:1853 Shiraz
2175:1833 Shōnai
2155:1830 Cixian
2124:1822 Aleppo
2073:1815 Pinglu
2027:1805 Molise
1953:36.4; -89.6
1951: /
1701:November 8,
1596:2009-09-21.
953:Tenskwatawa
577:Magnitude M
574:Time (UTC)
556:Susan Hough
355:Aftershocks
329: 7.5
317: 7.3
305: 7.0
293: 7.5
3615:Categories
3575:2001 Enola
3554:2023 Texas
3434:2008 Wells
2860:Historical
2806:1899 Ceram
2791:1898 Trilj
2766:1896 Rikuu
2721:1894 Tokyo
2711:1894 Vlorë
2635:1887 Verny
2600:1883 Çeşme
2580:1881 Chios
2554:1879 Gansu
2458:1868 Arica
2408:1863 Jujuy
2337:1855 Bursa
2322:1854 Tōkai
2266:1844 Salta
2231:1840 Ahora
2134:1828 Sanjō
2129:1825 Blida
2043:1810 Crete
1660:Fact Sheet
1341:August 28,
1070:References
926:Sand blows
917:Subsidence
799:the church
535:waterfalls
509:landslides
429:epicenters
414:New Madrid
398:aftershock
367:Casualties
139: time
3580:2008 Reno
3429:2008 Reno
3033:1914 Reno
2524:1872 Amik
2509:1871 Orán
2438:1867 Java
2251:1843 Nias
2185:1834 Java
2078:1815 Bali
1412:John Ehle
1121:March 23,
911:Aftermath
877:aulacogen
807:Kaskaskia
584:Location
343:MMI XII (
337:intensity
278:Magnitude
3686:Tecumseh
2342:1855 Edo
2215:1839 Ava
1906:Archived
1870:23377345
1622:July 10,
1609:(1855).
1594:Archived
1539:June 16,
1514:June 16,
1414:(1988).
1369:Archived
1014:See also
961:Tecumseh
951:prophet
801:bell in
788:(1855):
725:22:00:00
707:09:45:00
689:15:00:00
671:18:00:00
653:18:00:00
635:13:15:00
617:09:00:00
599:08:15:00
581:
461:Arkansas
445:Tecumseh
422:Missouri
412:town of
1939:89°36′W
1936:36°24′N
1723:Reuters
1476:June 8,
1453:June 8,
1315:June 8,
1284:June 8,
1258:June 8,
1229:June 8,
1200:June 8,
967:Gallery
949:Shawnee
869:igneous
863:in the
861:Rodinia
803:Cahokia
370:Unknown
345:Extreme
49:woodcut
3568:Swarms
1868:
1852:17–48.
1845:
1831:
1570:
1428:
1280:. USGS
1254:. USGS
1225:. USGS
1196:. USGS
1167:. USGS
1142:. USGS
1117:. USGS
1088:. USGS
853:faults
815:Shaker
503:. The
473:seiche
451:Events
322:
310:
298:
286:
281:
270:
262:
254:
238:
230:
222:
208:ComCat
204:
198:ComCat
194:
188:ComCat
184:
178:ComCat
163:
155:
147:
55:(1877)
2771:Assam
2669:1890s
2563:1880s
2487:1870s
2386:1860s
2285:1850s
2224:1840s
2148:1830s
2112:1820s
2036:1810s
2000:1800s
1866:JSTOR
1422:102–4
873:magma
571:Date
273:03:45
265:09:00
257:08:15
249:02:15
171:USGS-
1843:ISBN
1829:ISBN
1793:2021
1763:2021
1731:2012
1703:2008
1624:2011
1568:ISBN
1541:2024
1516:2024
1478:2021
1455:2021
1426:ISBN
1366:USGS
1343:2017
1317:2021
1286:2021
1260:2021
1231:2021
1202:2021
1173:2023
1148:2023
1123:2022
1094:2023
857:rift
813:The
588:Ref.
427:The
384:The
335:Max.
173:ANSS
1895:to
1676:hdl
1668:doi
1617:125
728:4.0
710:7.5
692:7.3
674:6.1
656:6.3
638:7.0
620:6.3
602:7.5
137:UTC
3617::
1862:71
1860:,
1784:.
1771:^
1754:.
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1674:,
1666:,
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1562:.
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1978:t
1971:v
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315:w
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289:M
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
