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slaves were left behind. The
Jesuits decided that the elderly would not be sold south and instead would be permitted to remain in Maryland. Other slaves were sold locally in Maryland so that they would not be separated from their spouses who were either free or owned by non-Jesuits, in compliance with Roothaan's order. Johnson allowed these slaves to remain in Maryland because he intended to return and try to buy their spouses as well. Some of the initial 272 slaves who were not delivered to Johnson were replaced with substitutes. An unknown number of slaves may also have
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499:) wrote to Roothaan in 1832 about the growing public opposition to slavery in the United States, and strongly urged Roothaan to allow the Jesuits to gradually free their slaves. Mulledy in particular felt that the plantations were a drain on the Maryland Jesuits; he urged selling the plantations as well as the slaves, believing the Jesuits were only able to support either their estates or their schools in growing urban areas: Georgetown College in
835:. While McSherry initially persuaded Roothaan to forgo removing Mulledy, in August 1839, Roothaan resolved that Mulledy must be removed to quell the ongoing scandal. He demanded that Mulledy travel to Rome to answer the charges of disobeying orders and promoting scandal. He ordered McSherry to inform Mulledy that he had been removed as provincial superior, and that if Mulledy refused to step down, he would be dismissed from the Society of Jesus.
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university's and the
Jesuits' relationship with slavery. Other historians covered the subject in literature published between the 1980s and 2000s. In 1996, the Jesuit Plantation Project was established by historians at Georgetown, which made available to the public, via the internet, digitized versions of much of the Maryland Jesuits' archives, including the articles of agreement for the 1838 sale.
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917:. Due to financial difficulties, Johnson sold half his property, including some of the slaves he had purchased in 1838, to Philip Barton Key in 1844. Key then transferred this property to John R. Thompson. In 1851, Thompson purchased the second half of Johnson's property, so that by the beginning of the Civil War, all the slaves sold by Mulledy to Johnson were owned by Thompson.
738:, in order to be shipped to Louisiana. Upon receipt of these 51, Johnson and Batey were to pay the first $ 25,000. The first payment on the remaining $ 90,000 would become due after five years. The remainder of the slaves were accounted for in three subsequent bills of sale executed in November 1838, which specified that 64 would go to Batey's plantation named West Oak in
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195:. It soon became clear that Roothaan's conditions had not been fully met. The Jesuits ultimately received payment many years late and never received the full $ 115,000. Only 206 of the 272 slaves were actually delivered because the Jesuits permitted the elderly and those with spouses who were living nearby and not owned by Jesuits to remain in Maryland.
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937:, an internal Jesuit publication that later became accessible to the public, routinely addressed both subjects during the course of its existence from 1872 to 1969. The 1970s saw an increase in public scholarship on the Maryland Jesuits' slave ownership. In 1977, the Maryland Province named Georgetown's
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had ordered to take possession of all Jesuit property). The
Jesuits hoped the Society of Jesus would eventually be restored and the corporation's property transferred to the Jesuit superior in America. Even after the Jesuits were restored in the United States and worldwide, the Corporation continued
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While the 1838 slave sale gave rise to scandal at the time, the event eventually faded out of public awareness. However, the history of the sale and the
Jesuits' slave ownership was never secret. It is one of the most well-documented slave sales of its era. There was periodic and sometimes extensive
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Soon after the sale, Roothaan decided that
Mulledy should be removed as provincial superior. Roothaan was particularly concerned because it had become clear that, contrary to his order, families had been separated by the slaves' new owners. In the years after the sale, it also became clear that most
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Not all of the 272 slaves intended to be sold to
Louisiana met that fate. In total, only 206 are known to have been transported to Louisiana. Several substitutions were made to the initial list of those to be sold, and 91 of those initially listed remained in Maryland. There are several reasons many
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The 1838 slave sale returned to the public's awareness in the mid-2010s. In 2013, Georgetown began planning to renovate the adjacent Ryan, Mulledy, and
Gervase Halls, which together served as the university's Jesuit residence until the opening of a new residence, Wolfington Hall, in 2003. After the
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In 1981, historian Robert Emmett Curran presented comprehensive research into the
Maryland Jesuits' participation in slavery at academic conferences, and published this research in 1983. Curran also published Georgetown University's official bicentennial history in 1993, in which he wrote about the
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Almost immediately, the sale, which was one of the largest slave sales in the history of the United States, became a scandal among
American Catholics. Many Maryland Jesuits were outraged by the sale, which they considered to be immoral, and many of them wrote graphic, emotional accounts of the sale
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replaced indentured servants as the primary workers on the plantations. Many of these slaves were gifted to the
Jesuits, while others were purchased. The first record of slaves working Jesuit plantations in Maryland dates to 1711, but it is likely that there were slave laborers on the plantations a
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to review the operations of the Maryland Mission. In addition to becoming physically dilapidated, all but one of the plantations had fallen into debt. On some plantations, the majority of slaves did not work because they were too young or old. The condition of slaves on the plantations varied over
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On June 19, 1838, Mulledy, Johnson, and Batey signed articles of agreement formalizing the sale. Johnson and Batey agreed to pay $ 115,000, equivalent to $ 3.25 million in 2023, over the course of ten years plus six percent annual interest. In exchange, they would receive 272 slaves from the
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In September 2015, DeGioia convened a Working Group on Slavery, Memory, and Reconciliation to study the slave sale and recommend how to treat it in the present day. In November of that year, following a student-led protest and sit-in, the working group recommended that the university temporarily
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In October 1836, Roothaan officially authorized the Maryland Jesuits to sell their slaves, so long as three conditions were satisfied: the slaves were to be permitted to practice their Catholic faith, their families were not to be separated, and the proceeds of the sale had to be used to support
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sent an open letter to the university announcing the opening of the new student residence, which also related Mulledy's role in the 1838 slave sale after stepping down as president of the university. Despite the decades of scholarship on the subject, this revelation came as a surprise to many
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in which they formally apologized on behalf of their respective institutions for their participation in slavery. The university also gave permanent names to the two buildings. Freedom Hall became Isaac Hawkins Hall, after the first slave listed on the articles of agreement for the 1838 sale.
762:, arrived at each of the plantations unannounced to gather the first 51 slaves for transport. When Mulledy returned in November to gather the rest of the slaves, the plantation managers had their slaves flee and hide. The slaves Mulledy gathered were sent on the three-week voyage aboard the
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Johnson was unable to pay according to the schedule of the agreement. As a result, he had to sell his property in the 1840s and renegotiate the terms of his payment. He was allowed to continue paying well beyond the ten years initially allowed, and continued to do so until just before the
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Before Roothaan's order reached Mulledy, Mulledy had already accepted the advice of McSherry and Eccleston in June 1839 to resign and go to Rome to defend himself before Roothaan. As censure for the scandal, Roothaan ordered Mulledy to remain in Europe, and Mulledy lived in exile in the
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Mulledy and McSherry became increasingly vocal in their opposition to Jesuit slave ownership. While they continued to support gradual emancipation, they believed that this option was becoming increasingly untenable, as the Maryland public's concern grew about the expanding number of
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While Roothaan ordered that the proceeds of the sale be used to provide for the training of Jesuits, the initial $ 25,000 was not used for that purpose. Of the sum, $ 8,000 was used to satisfy a financial obligation that, following a long-running and contentious dispute,
1027:, of which Mulledy was the first president from 1843 to 1848, also began to reconsider the name of one of its buildings in 2015. Mulledy Hall, a student dormitory that opened in 1966, was renamed as Brooks–Mulledy Hall in 2016, adding the name of a later president,
546:, where they did not want to go. At the congregation, the senior Jesuits in Maryland voted six to four to proceed with a sale of the slaves, and Dubuisson submitted to the Superior General a summary of the moral and financial arguments on either side of the debate.
447:(later known as Georgetown University), also rented slaves. While the school did own a small number of slaves over its early decades, its main relationship with slavery was the leasing of slaves to work on campus, a practice that continued past the 1838 slave sale.
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to impose a symbolic reparations fee of $ 27.20 per student. The university instead decided to raise $ 400,000 per year in voluntary donations for the benefit of descendants. In 2021, the Jesuit Conference of Canada and the United States pledged to raise $
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of Baltimore and his successors. The remaining $ 17,000, equivalent to approximately $ 480,000 in 2023, was used to offset part of Georgetown College's $ 30,000 of debt that had accrued during the construction of buildings during Mulledy's prior
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as the most significant measure recently taken by a university to account for its historical relationship with slavery. Several groups of descendants have been created, which have lobbied Georgetown University and the Society of Jesus for
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rename Mulledy Hall (which opened during Mulledy's presidency in 1833) to Freedom Hall, and McSherry Hall (which opened in 1792 and housed a meditation center) to Remembrance Hall. On November 14, 2015, DeGioia announced that he and the
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Beginning in 1800, there were instances of the Jesuit plantation managers freeing individual slaves or permitting slaves to purchase their freedom. As early as 1814, the trustees of the Corporation of Roman Catholic Clergymen discussed
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accepted the working group's recommendation, and would rename the buildings accordingly. This coincided with a protest by a group of students against keeping Mulledy's and McSherry's names on the buildings the day before. In 2016,
476:, returned Kenney to the United States, specifically to address the question of whether the Jesuits should divest themselves of their rural plantations altogether, which by this time had almost completely paid down their debts.
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The articles of agreement listed each of the slaves being sold by name. More than half were younger than 20, and nearly a third were not yet 10 years old. The agreement provided that 51 slaves would be sent to the port of
913:. In 1856, Washington Barrow sold the slaves he purchased from Batey to William Patrick and Joseph B. Woolfolk of Iberville Parish. Patrick and Woolfolk's slaves were then sold in July 1859 to Emily Sparks, the widow of
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in 1773, ownership of the plantations was transferred from the Jesuits' Maryland Mission to the newly established Corporation of Roman Catholic Clergymen. Several of the Jesuits' slaves unsuccessfully attempted to
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The number of slaves transported to Louisiana (206) and the number left in Maryland (91) add up to 297, not 272, because some of the 272 slaves initially identified to be sold were substituted with replacements.
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in 1835, arguing that it was not possible to sell the slaves to local planters and that the buyers had assured him that they would not mistreat the slaves and would permit them to practice their Catholic faith.
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160:, for $ 115,000 (equivalent to approximately $ 3.25 million in 2023). This sale was the culmination of a contentious and long-running debate among the Maryland Jesuits over whether to keep, sell, or
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for several years. Despite coverage of the Maryland Jesuits' slave ownership and the 1838 sale in academic literature, news of these facts came as a surprise to the public in 2015, prompting a study of
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Jesuits vacated the buildings, Ryan and Mulledy Halls lay vacant, while Gervase Hall was put to other use. In 2014, renovation began on Ryan and Mulledy Halls to convert them into a student residence.
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on December 6. Most of the slaves who fled returned to their plantations, and Mulledy made a third visit later that month, where he gathered some of the remaining slaves for transport.
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in 1865, many slaves sold by the Jesuits changed ownership several times. Following Batey's death, his West Oak plantation and the slaves living there were sold in January 1853 to
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2445:"Concrete Expressions of Georgetown's Jesuit Heritage: A Photographic Sampler of Campus Buildings and the Jesuits for Whom They are Named From the University Archives"
811:, privately lamented the fate of the slaves and considered the sale an extreme measure. Dubuisson described how the public reputation of the Jesuits in Washington and
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European Jesuits opposing on the basis that it was immoral both to sell their patrimonial lands and to materially and morally harm the slaves by selling them into the
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Georgetown University members, and some criticized the retention of Mulledy's name on the building. Between 2014 and 2015, several articles in the school newspaper,
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in 1835, where they considered again what to do with their plantations. The province was sharply divided, with the American-born Jesuits supporting a sale and the
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all their slaves and abolishing slavery on the Jesuit plantations, though in 1820, they decided against universal manumission. In 1830, the new Superior General,
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time, as did the condition of the Jesuits living with them. Kenney found the slaves facing arbitrary discipline, a meager diet, pastoral neglect, and engaging in
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The sale prompted immediate outcry from fellow Jesuits. Some wrote emotional letters to Roothaan denouncing its immorality. Eventually, Roothaan removed
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million donation to the foundation and a $ 400,000 donation to create a charitable fund to pay for healthcare and education in Maringouin, Louisiana.
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Anticipating that some of the Jesuit plantation managers who opposed the sale would encourage their slaves to flee, Mulledy, along with Johnson and a
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Georgetown University also extended to descendants of slaves who the Jesuits owned or whose labor benefitted the university the same preferential
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of the slaves were not permitted to carry on their Catholic faith because they were living on plantations far removed from any Catholic church or
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322:
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Curran, Robert Emmett (1983). "'Splendid Poverty:' Jesuit Slave Holdings in Maryland, 1805–1838". In Wakelyn, Jon L.; Miller, Randall M. (eds.).
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519:. The two feared that because the public would not accept additional manumitted blacks, the Jesuits would be forced to sell their slaves
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2085:"Bill of Sale for Land and 138 People from William Patrick and Joseph Woolfolk to Emily Sparks, Widow of Austin Woolfolk, July 16, 1859"
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Mulledy quickly made arrangements to carry out the sale. He located two Louisiana planters who were willing to purchase the slaves:
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billion, with the purpose of working for the benefit of descendants of all slaves owned by the Jesuits. Georgetown also made a $ 1
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published an article that brought the history of the Jesuits' and university's relationship with slavery to national attention.
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became the centers of Catholicism. From these estates, the Jesuits traveled the countryside on horseback, administering the
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to exist and even expanded for some time, causing friction among those who renewed their Jesuit vows and those who did not.
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more cheaply than they could in the Deep South, and agreed to Mulledy's asking price of approximately $ 400 per person.
419:. In reality, by the early 19th century, the Jesuit plantations were in such a state of mismanagement that in 1820, the
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and 140 slaves would be sent to Johnson's two plantations, Ascension Plantation (later known as Chatham Plantation) in
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2055:"Bill of Sale for Land and People from Washington Barrow to William Patrick and Joseph B. Woolfolk, February 4, 1856"
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million for a newly created Descendants Truth and Reconciliation Foundation, which would aim to ultimately raise $ 1
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1960:
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On April 18, 2017, DeGioia, along with the provincial superior of the Maryland Province, and the president of the
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487:, that the Jesuits should maintain and improve their plantations rather than sell them, Kenney and his advisors (
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1712:"They thought Georgetown University's missing slaves were 'lost.' The truth was closer to home than anyone knew"
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65:
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Report of the Working Group on Slavery, Memory, and Reconciliation to the President of Georgetown University
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950:
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321:, the revenue from which financed the Jesuits' ministries. While the plantations were initially worked by
61:
698:, constituting nearly all of the slaves owned by the Maryland Jesuits. Johnson and Batey were to be held
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faith, their families must not be separated, and the proceeds of the sale must be used only to support
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1946:
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587:
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2981:"Catholic Slaveowners and the Development of Georgetown University's Slave Hiring System, 1792–1862"
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988:, also brought the university's relationship with slavery and the slave sale to public attention.
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coverage of both the sale and the Jesuits' slave ownership in various literature. Articles in the
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2716:"For Georgetown, Jesuits and Slavery Descendants, Bid for Racial Healing Sours Over Reparations"
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The Corporation of Roman Catholic Clergymen was created in 1792 to preserve the property of the
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as the custodian of its historic archives, which were made available to the public through the
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The Jesuits arguing in favor of a sale wanted to focus on their urban missions, including
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to carry out the sale on three conditions: the slaves must be permitted to practice their
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The Bicentennial History of Georgetown University: From Academy to University, 1789–1889
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2890:"Saving Souls and Selling Them: Jesuit Slaveholding and the Georgetown Slavery Archive"
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1165:. The suppressed Jesuits did not want their property to be seized by the state, by the
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By 1824, the Jesuit plantations totaled more than 12,000 acres (4,900 hectares) in the
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The 272: the Families Who were Enslaved and Sold to Build The American Catholic Church
1088:, and groups have disagreed with the form that their desired reparations should take.
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2367:"Georgetown University to rename two buildings that reflect school's ties to slavery"
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had come to view the American Jesuits negatively, believing they lived lavishly like
325:, as the institution of indentured servitude began to fade away in Maryland, African
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2644:"Georgetown Apologizes for 1838 Sale of More Than 270 Enslaved, Dedicates Buildings"
881:. The Jesuits never received the total $ 115,000 that was owed under the agreement.
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2025:"Bill of Sale from the Heirs of Jesse Batey to Washington Barrow, January 18, 1853"
1991:"Historical Timeline: Events Affecting the GU272 from the 1838 Sale to the Present"
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869:. However, the remainder of the money received did go to funding Jesuit formation.
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571:, rather than to pay down debts. McSherry delayed selling the slaves because their
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as provincial superior for disobeying orders and promoting scandal, exiling him to
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2919:"Foundation and First Administration of the Maryland Province, Part I: Background"
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Rothman, Adam (Fall 2017). "Georgetown University and the Business of Slavery".
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The Lost Jesuit Slaves of Maryland: Searching for 91 people left behind in 1838
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1859:"272 Slaves Were Sold to Save Georgetown. What Does It Owe Their Descendants?"
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of the Maryland Province, began selling small groups of slaves to planters in
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Meanwhile, in order to fund the province's operations, McSherry, as the first
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211:'s and the Jesuits' historical relationship with slavery. Georgetown and the
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Facing Georgetown's History: A Reader on Slavery, Memory, and Reconciliation
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While Roothaan decided in 1831, based on the advice of the Maryland Mission
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from Lord Baltimore in 1636, were gifted land in some Catholic Marylanders'
258:, whose members are known as Jesuits, established its first presence in the
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What We Know: Report to the President of The College of The Holy Cross 2016
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What We Know: Report to the President of The College of The Holy Cross 2016
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Hall, after a free black woman who founded a school for black girls in the
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823:, who conveyed this to Roothaan. During the controversy, Mulledy fell into
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declined as a result of the sale. Other Jesuits voiced their anger to the
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2788:"Catholic Order Pledges $ 100 Million to Atone for Slave Labor and Sales"
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Thy Honored Name: A History of the College of the Holy Cross, 1843–1994
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Report of the Working Group on Slavery, Memory, and Reconciliation 2016
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Report of the Working Group on Slavery, Memory, and Reconciliation 2016
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Report of the Working Group on Slavery, Memory, and Reconciliation 2016
3148:
What We Know: Report to the President of The College of The Holy Cross
2581:"President's Response to Report of the Mulledy/Healy Legacy Committee"
2415:"Announcing the Working Group on Slavery, Memory & Reconciliation"
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In 2019, undergraduate students at Georgetown voted in a non-binding
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2236:"University Requests Change in Use for Ryan Hall and Mulledy Hall"
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had previously determined the Maryland Jesuits owed to Archbishop
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Map of Jesuit sites in Maryland from the 17th to 19th centuries
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Shaping American Catholicism: Maryland and New York, 1805–1915
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3225:. Studies in African American History and Culture. New York:
1079:. This admissions preference has been described by historian
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was rebuked by many of his fellow Jesuits following the sale.
3331:
Video of Isaac Hawkins Hall dedication ceremony from C-SPAN
2678:"Georgetown University Plans Steps to Atone for Slave Past"
969:
Mulledy Hall, now Isaac Hawkins Hall, at Georgetown in 1898
290:'s voyage to settle Maryland in 1634. The Jesuits received
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the college. In 2020, the college removed Mulledy's name.
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Anne Marie Becraft Hall, known until 2015 as McSherry Hall
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and each additionally identified a responsible party as a
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3020:. The Campus History Series. Charleston, South Carolina:
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With work complete, in August 2015, university president
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History of colleges and universities in Washington, D.C.
3183:
Catholics in the Old South: Essays on Church and Culture
2266:"Renovation of Former Jesuit Residence Beginning May 19"
766:
which departed Alexandria on November 13 and arrived in
1175:
over the United States as a mission church), or by the
710:
in the event that Johnson, Batey, and their guarantors
2749:"Georgetown Students Agree to Create Reparations Fund"
2115:"Henry Johnson's Sales of Enslaved Persons, 1844–1851"
4036:
3219:
Murphy, Thomas (2001). Hodges, Graham Russell (ed.).
3153:(Report). College of the Holy Cross. March 18, 2016.
3127:(Report). Georgetown Memory Project. April 30, 2018.
2610:
Duster, Chandelis R.; Kwak, Bethia (April 19, 2017).
2547:"Mulledy Name To Be Removed From Brooks–Mulledy Hall"
3311:
Slavery, History, Memory, and Reconciliation Project
3960:
3900:
3797:
3680:
3630:
3550:
3454:
3375:
3244:Rothman, Adam; Mendoza, Elsa Barraza, eds. (2021).
2612:"Georgetown Apologizes, Renames Halls After Slaves"
103:
51:
26:
3512:Institute for the Study of International Migration
1579:
1577:
526:The Maryland Jesuits, having been elevated from a
358:. These consisted primarily of the plantations of
164:their slaves, and whether to focus on their rural
1040:Jesuit Conference of Canada and the United States
274:colony and refuge. Three Jesuits traveled aboard
221:Jesuit Conference of Canada and the United States
2714:Hawkins, Lee; Belkin, Douglas (March 25, 2022).
2473:
1339:"Where were the Jesuit plantations in Maryland?"
909:and Barrow's son, John S. Barrow, a resident of
314:. They also established schools on their lands.
3045:(Report). Georgetown University. June 3, 2016.
2488:"Heeding Demands, University Renames Buildings"
1584:Johnston, Louis; Williamson, Samuel H. (2023).
4214:History of slavery in the District of Columbia
3522:Institute for Law, Science and Global Security
2486:Hung, Toby; Puri, Ashwin (November 17, 2015).
1741:
1739:
3351:
1123:Slavery at American colleges and universities
8:
1337:Jacobe, Stephanie A. T. (February 2, 2021).
888:Frank Campbell (top) was sold by the Jesuits
354:, and 1,700 acres (690 hectares) in eastern
21:
3014:O'Neill, Paul R.; Smith, Bennie L. (2020).
2331:"Slavery's Remnants, Buried and Overlooked"
443:One of the Maryland Jesuits' institutions,
3358:
3344:
3336:
3222:Jesuit Slaveholding in Maryland, 1717–1838
1888:
1886:
1817:
1805:
575:had greatly diminished as a result of the
20:
3103:
2996:
1999:New England Historic Genealogical Society
1668:New England Historic Genealogical Society
899:abolition of slavery in the United States
598:. They were looking to buy slaves in the
405:Due to these extensive landholdings, the
223:pledged to raise $ 100 million for them.
3527:Institute of Politics and Public Service
4131:
4043:
2518:
2365:Shaver, Katherine (November 15, 2015).
2329:Quallen, Matthew (September 11, 2015).
1934:
1770:The Lost Jesuit Slaves of Maryland 2018
1758:The Lost Jesuit Slaves of Maryland 2018
1746:The Lost Jesuit Slaves of Maryland 2018
1641:
1620:
1423:
1411:
1280:
1211:
1154:
682:Articles of agreement for the 1838 sale
3134:from the original on November 27, 2021
3052:from the original on February 25, 2021
2904:from the original on February 19, 2021
2800:from the original on November 21, 2021
2778:
2776:
2624:from the original on November 12, 2020
2541:
2539:
2455:from the original on February 19, 2021
2425:from the original on February 18, 2021
2379:from the original on November 24, 2021
2360:
2358:
2343:from the original on February 26, 2021
2310:from the original on November 24, 2021
2276:from the original on November 24, 2021
2189:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2144:
2142:
2140:
1971:from the original on November 19, 2022
1922:
1871:from the original on November 18, 2021
1836:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1788:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1724:from the original on November 24, 2020
1697:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1568:
1564:
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1545:
1530:
1491:
1479:
1464:
1447:
1435:
1407:
1405:
1396:
1384:
1372:
1351:from the original on November 20, 2021
1324:
1309:
1292:
1257:
1242:
1230:
1218:
215:renamed buildings, Georgetown granted
3507:Center on Education and the Workforce
3207:The Slaves of the Jesuits in Maryland
3160:from the original on October 20, 2020
2917:Judge, Robert K. (November 1, 1959).
2709:
2707:
2705:
2654:from the original on November 3, 2021
2160:
2125:from the original on December 2, 2018
1904:from the original on December 2, 2018
1849:
1847:
1845:
1541:
1539:
1526:
1524:
1515:
1503:
1475:
1473:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1368:
1366:
1253:
1251:
706:. The slaves were also identified as
7:
4264:Society of Jesus in Washington, D.C.
3214:from the original on April 26, 2018.
2962:Catholic University of America Press
2855:Catholic University of America Press
2690:from the original on October 1, 2021
2557:from the original on October 1, 2020
2500:from the original on August 22, 2021
1320:
1318:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1266:
317:Much of this land was put to use as
266:alongside the first settlers of the
219:to the slaves' descendants, and the
4008:Georgetown Environmental Law Review
4001:Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal
2941:from the original on March 10, 2020
2728:from the original on March 25, 2022
2246:from the original on April 10, 2021
2216:from the original on August 4, 2024
2204:"Reviving History With New Academy"
2095:from the original on March 24, 2018
2065:from the original on March 24, 2018
2005:from the original on March 23, 2022
4244:African-American Roman Catholicism
3497:International and Regional Studies
2894:Jesuit Higher Education: A Journal
2761:from the original on July 26, 2021
2591:from the original on June 17, 2016
2300:"A Message Regarding Mulledy Hall"
2035:from the original on July 14, 2020
1710:McCoy, Terrence (April 28, 2018).
1660:"The Fate and Legacy of the GU272"
1055:neighborhood and later joined the
14:
2830:. Vol. 1. Washington, D.C.:
1965:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
4199:Slave trade in the United States
4151:
4134:
4106:
4094:
4082:
4070:
4058:
4046:
3994:Journal of International Affairs
3445:
2747:Hassan, Adeel (April 12, 2019).
1128:History of Georgetown University
672:
663:
654:
645:
636:
627:
618:
609:
451:Debate over the slavery question
4204:History of slavery in Louisiana
3502:Institute for Consumer Research
2954:Kuzniewski, Anthony J. (1999).
1605:Gross Domestic Product deflator
1138:History of slavery in Louisiana
1007:university's board of directors
336:Society of Jesus was suppressed
16:Sale by the Jesuits in Maryland
4219:History of slavery in Virginia
4209:History of slavery in Maryland
2979:Mendoza, Elsa Barraza (2020).
2849:Curran, Robert Emmett (2012).
2824:Curran, Robert Emmett (1993).
1959:Mauro, Ellen (April 7, 2018).
270:, which had been founded as a
237:History of slavery in Maryland
1:
4259:Society of Jesus in Louisiana
3537:Latin American Studies Center
3462:Georgetown University Library
3326:GU272 Descendants Association
2449:Georgetown University Library
2202:Eagan, Owen (March 3, 2015).
1586:"What Was the U.S. GDP Then?"
943:Georgetown University Library
893:Subsequent fate of the slaves
725:of slaves carried aboard the
4254:Society of Jesus in Maryland
3532:Government Affairs Institute
3472:Woodstock Theological Center
2949:– via Jesuit Archives.
1057:Oblate Sisters of Providence
778:and escaped transportation.
700:jointly and severally liable
394:. The main crops grown were
347:in the courts in the 1790s.
268:British Province of Maryland
233:Jesuits in the United States
217:legacy admissions preference
4229:Ascension Parish, Louisiana
4224:Iberville Parish, Louisiana
3517:International Law Institute
3482:Kennedy Institute of Ethics
3252:Georgetown University Press
2832:Georgetown University Press
1173:ecclesiastical jurisdiction
1143:Catholic Church and slavery
694:four Jesuit plantations in
172:, including their schools.
4280:
3301:Georgetown Slavery Archive
3269:Swarns, Rachel L. (2023).
2119:Georgetown Slavery Archive
2089:Georgetown Slavery Archive
2059:Georgetown Slavery Archive
2029:Georgetown Slavery Archive
961:Return to public awareness
534:in 1833, held their first
242:Emergence of Jesuit manors
230:
183:, authorized the Maryland
168:or on their growing urban
3879:There Goes Old Georgetown
3734:Jesuit Community Cemetery
3492:Contemporary Arab Studies
3443:
3316:Georgetown Memory Project
3306:Jesuit Plantation Project
3264:– via Google Books.
3239:– via Google Books.
3105:10.1163/22141332-0801P001
3092:Journal of Jesuit Studies
3088:"The Jesuits and Slavery"
3034:– via Google Books.
2998:10.1163/22141332-0801P004
2985:Journal of Jesuit Studies
2974:– via Google Books.
2844:– via Google Books.
2585:College of the Holy Cross
2551:College of the Holy Cross
1898:College of the Holy Cross
1021:College of the Holy Cross
875:Emancipation Proclamation
867:presidency of the college
213:College of the Holy Cross
4194:1838 in Washington, D.C.
2474:O'Neill & Smith 2020
1171:(which, since 1776, had
1047:Remembrance Hall became
44:November 1838 (delivery)
4249:Catholicism and slavery
3204:Finn, Peter C. (1974).
3187:Mercer University Press
2721:The Wall Street Journal
1894:"Holy Cross: 1843–1899"
1177:Archbishop of Baltimore
1163:suppressed Jesuit order
1063:Additional developments
817:Archbishop of Baltimore
536:provincial congregation
421:Jesuit Superior General
177:Jesuit superior general
33:June 19, 1838
4121:1838 Jesuit slave sale
4015:The Georgetown Heckler
3789:Statue of John Carroll
3542:Lombardi Cancer Center
3487:Prince Alwaleed Center
3086:Rothman, Adam (2020).
2888:Foley, Thomas (2017).
2553:. September 30, 2020.
2413:(September 24, 2015).
996:
970:
951:Maryland State Library
947:Saint Louis University
911:Baton Rouge, Louisiana
889:
799:
754:Delivery of the slaves
730:
689:Terms of the agreement
464:
364:Prince George's County
334:before then. When the
251:
136:On June 19, 1838, the
22:1838 Jesuit slave sale
4234:Georgetown University
4123:at Knowledge (XXG)'s
3987:Georgetown Law Weekly
3612:Patrick Francis Healy
3368:Georgetown University
3017:Georgetown University
2676:(September 1, 2016).
2648:Georgetown University
2419:Georgetown University
2304:Georgetown University
2270:Georgetown University
2240:Georgetown University
1995:AmericanAncestors.org
1961:"Students of history"
1664:AmericanAncestors.org
1075:given to children of
994:
968:
887:
794:
750:in Iberville Parish.
720:
592:governor of Louisiana
588:United States Senator
458:
345:sue for their freedom
249:
231:Further information:
209:Georgetown University
3980:The Georgetown Voice
3724:Intercultural Center
3321:GU272 Memory Project
3250:. Washington, D.C.:
3189:. pp. 125–147.
2960:. Washington, D.C.:
2853:. Washington, D.C.:
2451:. January 15, 2004.
2061:. February 4, 1856.
1772:, pp. 10, 53–55
1133:Domestic slave trade
1073:university admission
877:in 1862, during the
787:Scandal and reproach
736:Alexandria, Virginia
485:Francis Dzierozynski
427:, sent Irish Jesuit
3814:Big East Conference
3779:McDonough Gymnasium
2863:10.2307/j.ctt284vw2
2577:Boroughs, Philip L.
2372:The Washington Post
2298:(August 24, 2015).
2242:. October 1, 2013.
1717:The Washington Post
1607:figures follow the
1118:Great Slave Auction
1081:Craig Steven Wilder
807:, a Jesuit and the
714:on their payments.
569:Jesuits in training
551:provincial superior
530:to the status of a
509:Frederick, Maryland
323:indentured servants
193:Jesuits in training
185:provincial superior
144:agreed to sell 272
74:St. Mary's counties
23:
3932:Philodemic Society
3831:Women's Basketball
3739:Holy Rood Cemetery
3572:Board of directors
3397:Continuing Studies
3185:. Macon, Georgia:
3067:Washington History
3022:Arcadia Publishing
3009:– via Brill.
2793:The New York Times
2786:(March 15, 2021).
2754:The New York Times
2683:The New York Times
2650:. April 18, 2017.
2272:. April 21, 2014.
2192:, pp. 119–121
1864:The New York Times
1857:(April 16, 2016).
1518:, pp. 395–397
1049:Anne Marie Becraft
1033:racially integrate
1013:The New York Times
997:
971:
890:
800:
764:Katherine Jackson,
731:
721:First page of the
505:St. John's College
465:
461:Georgetown College
445:Georgetown College
425:Tadeusz Brzozowski
252:
91:Iberville parishes
4189:1838 in Louisiana
4034:
4033:
3952:Georgetown Chimes
3937:Mask & Bauble
3784:Capital One Arena
3774:Yates Field House
3602:Ferdinand Poulton
3286:978-0-399-59086-3
3261:978-1-64712-096-2
3196:978-0-86554-080-4
3031:978-1-4671-0466-1
2971:978-0-81320-911-1
2927:Woodstock Letters
2872:978-0-8132-1967-7
2841:978-0-87840-485-8
2784:Swarns, Rachel L.
2674:Swarns, Rachel L.
2579:(June 16, 2016).
2091:. July 16, 1859.
1855:Swarns, Rachel L.
1344:Catholic Standard
1077:Georgetown alumni
934:Woodstock Letters
907:Washington Barrow
851:Financial outcome
796:Thomas F. Mulledy
727:Katherine Jackson
696:southern Maryland
497:Stephen Dubuisson
433:canonical visitor
376:St. Mary's County
352:State of Maryland
264:Thirteen Colonies
134:
133:
41:(first agreement)
4271:
4184:1838 in Maryland
4179:June 1838 events
4164:
4156:
4155:
4154:
4147:
4139:
4138:
4137:
4127:
4111:
4110:
4099:
4098:
4087:
4086:
4085:
4075:
4074:
4073:
4063:
4062:
4061:
4051:
4050:
4049:
4042:
4026:University Press
3964:
3947:Stewards Society
3904:
3892:Jack the Bulldog
3858:Women's lacrosse
3826:Men's basketball
3801:
3759:Capital One Park
3709:Lauinger Library
3684:
3634:
3554:
3449:
3379:
3369:
3360:
3353:
3346:
3337:
3290:
3265:
3240:
3215:
3200:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3159:
3152:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3133:
3126:
3117:
3107:
3082:
3061:
3059:
3057:
3051:
3044:
3035:
3010:
3000:
2975:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2940:
2923:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2884:
2845:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2780:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2744:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2711:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2695:
2670:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2640:
2634:
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2631:
2629:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2573:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2543:
2534:
2533:, pp. 1, 20
2528:
2522:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2483:
2477:
2471:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2441:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2411:DeGioia, John J.
2407:
2401:
2395:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2362:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2315:
2296:DeGioia, John J.
2292:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2199:
2193:
2187:
2181:
2175:
2164:
2158:
2152:
2146:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2021:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2010:
1987:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1956:
1950:
1944:
1938:
1932:
1926:
1925:, pp. 17–20
1920:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1890:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1851:
1840:
1834:
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1803:
1792:
1786:
1773:
1767:
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1755:
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1734:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1707:
1701:
1695:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1674:on June 21, 2021
1670:. Archived from
1656:
1645:
1639:
1624:
1618:
1612:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1581:
1572:
1566:
1549:
1548:, pp. 46–47
1543:
1534:
1528:
1519:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1494:, pp. 43–45
1489:
1483:
1477:
1468:
1462:
1451:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1427:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1400:
1399:, pp. 35–36
1394:
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1376:
1370:
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1328:
1322:
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1296:
1295:, pp. 15–16
1290:
1284:
1278:
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1255:
1246:
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1234:
1233:, pp. 31–32
1228:
1222:
1216:
1194:
1191:
1185:
1159:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1031:, who worked to
939:Lauinger Library
862:Ambrose Maréchal
821:Samuel Eccleston
809:Bishop of Boston
805:Benedict Fenwick
744:Ascension Parish
740:Iberville Parish
676:
667:
658:
649:
640:
631:
622:
613:
501:Washington, D.C.
493:William McSherry
380:St. Thomas Manor
340:Pope Clement XIV
256:Society of Jesus
142:Society of Jesus
140:Province of the
116:William McSherry
40:
38:
24:
4279:
4278:
4274:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4269:
4268:
4169:
4168:
4167:
4163:from Wikisource
4157:
4152:
4150:
4140:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4126:sister projects
4125:
4117:
4105:
4093:
4083:
4081:
4071:
4069:
4059:
4057:
4047:
4045:
4037:
4035:
4030:
3962:
3956:
3942:Nomadic Theatre
3902:
3896:
3799:
3793:
3714:Dahlgren Chapel
3682:
3676:
3632:
3626:
3622:John J. DeGioia
3617:Edmund A. Walsh
3552:
3546:
3450:
3441:
3407:Foreign Service
3377:
3371:
3367:
3364:
3297:
3287:
3268:
3262:
3243:
3237:
3218:
3210:(M.A. thesis).
3203:
3197:
3180:
3177:
3175:Further reading
3172:
3163:
3161:
3157:
3150:
3146:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3124:
3120:
3085:
3064:
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3053:
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3013:
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2953:
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2729:
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2068:
2066:
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2052:
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2038:
2036:
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2022:
2018:
2008:
2006:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1974:
1972:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1945:
1941:
1933:
1929:
1921:
1917:
1907:
1905:
1892:
1891:
1884:
1874:
1872:
1853:
1852:
1843:
1835:
1824:
1818:Kuzniewski 1999
1816:
1812:
1806:Kuzniewski 1999
1804:
1795:
1787:
1776:
1768:
1764:
1756:
1752:
1744:
1737:
1727:
1725:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1696:
1687:
1677:
1675:
1658:
1657:
1648:
1640:
1627:
1619:
1615:
1596:
1594:
1583:
1582:
1575:
1567:
1552:
1544:
1537:
1529:
1522:
1514:
1510:
1502:
1498:
1490:
1486:
1478:
1471:
1463:
1454:
1446:
1442:
1434:
1430:
1422:
1418:
1410:
1403:
1395:
1391:
1383:
1379:
1371:
1364:
1354:
1352:
1336:
1335:
1331:
1323:
1316:
1308:
1299:
1291:
1287:
1279:
1264:
1256:
1249:
1241:
1237:
1229:
1225:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1181:Propaganda Fide
1168:Propaganda Fide
1160:
1156:
1151:
1114:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1065:
1002:
963:
928:
923:
915:Austin Woolfolk
895:
853:
789:
784:
756:
746:and another in
691:
686:
685:
684:
683:
679:
678:
677:
669:
668:
660:
659:
651:
650:
642:
641:
633:
632:
624:
623:
615:
614:
564:
453:
408:Propaganda Fide
244:
239:
229:
130:
99:
70:Prince George's
47:
36:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4277:
4275:
4267:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4171:
4170:
4166:
4165:
4148:
4119:
4116:
4115:
4103:
4091:
4079:
4067:
4055:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4011:
4004:
3997:
3990:
3983:
3976:
3968:
3966:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3908:
3906:
3898:
3897:
3895:
3894:
3889:
3882:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3848:Men's lacrosse
3845:
3840:
3839:
3838:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3817:
3816:
3805:
3803:
3795:
3794:
3792:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3755:
3754:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3700:
3699:
3688:
3686:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3674:
3669:
3667:Villa Le Balze
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3647:Medical Center
3644:
3638:
3636:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3558:
3556:
3548:
3547:
3545:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3477:Berkley Center
3474:
3469:
3467:Mortara Center
3464:
3458:
3456:
3452:
3451:
3444:
3442:
3440:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3383:
3381:
3373:
3372:
3365:
3363:
3362:
3355:
3348:
3340:
3334:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3296:
3295:External links
3293:
3292:
3291:
3285:
3266:
3260:
3241:
3235:
3216:
3201:
3195:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3144:
3118:
3083:
3062:
3036:
3030:
3011:
2976:
2970:
2951:
2934:(4): 376–406.
2914:
2900:(1): 130–132.
2885:
2871:
2846:
2840:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2772:
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2701:
2665:
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2227:
2194:
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2046:
2016:
1982:
1951:
1939:
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1822:
1810:
1793:
1774:
1762:
1750:
1735:
1702:
1685:
1646:
1625:
1613:
1609:MeasuringWorth
1603:United States
1591:MeasuringWorth
1573:
1550:
1535:
1520:
1508:
1496:
1484:
1469:
1452:
1440:
1428:
1416:
1401:
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1147:
1146:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1113:
1110:
1064:
1061:
1029:John E. Brooks
1001:
1000:Renaming halls
998:
962:
959:
927:
926:Historiography
924:
922:
919:
894:
891:
852:
849:
788:
785:
783:
780:
755:
752:
690:
687:
681:
680:
671:
670:
662:
661:
653:
652:
644:
643:
635:
634:
626:
625:
617:
616:
608:
607:
606:
605:
604:
563:
560:
489:Thomas Mulledy
452:
449:
417:manorial lords
384:Charles County
288:Lord Baltimore
262:region of the
243:
240:
228:
225:
200:Thomas Mulledy
132:
131:
129:
128:
123:
118:
113:
111:Thomas Mulledy
107:
105:
101:
100:
98:
97:
81:
55:
53:
49:
48:
46:
45:
42:
30:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4276:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
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4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
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4182:
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4177:
4176:
4174:
4162:
4161:
4149:
4145:
4144:
4132:
4128:
4122:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4090:
4080:
4078:
4068:
4066:
4065:United States
4056:
4054:
4044:
4040:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4012:
4010:
4009:
4005:
4003:
4002:
3998:
3996:
3995:
3991:
3989:
3988:
3984:
3982:
3981:
3977:
3975:
3974:
3970:
3969:
3967:
3965:
3959:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
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3915:
3913:
3910:
3909:
3907:
3905:
3899:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3887:
3883:
3881:
3880:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
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3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3837:
3834:
3833:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3815:
3812:
3811:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3796:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3753:
3751:
3747:
3746:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3693:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3685:
3679:
3673:
3672:McGhee Center
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3629:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3597:John Gravenor
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3555:
3549:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3448:
3438:
3437:Public Policy
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3374:
3370:
3361:
3356:
3354:
3349:
3347:
3342:
3341:
3338:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3294:
3288:
3282:
3278:
3274:
3273:
3267:
3263:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3248:
3242:
3238:
3236:0-8153-4052-4
3232:
3228:
3224:
3223:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3208:
3202:
3198:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3156:
3149:
3145:
3130:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3063:
3048:
3041:
3037:
3033:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3018:
3012:
3008:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2977:
2973:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2958:
2952:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2928:
2920:
2915:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2847:
2843:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2828:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2799:
2795:
2794:
2789:
2785:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2760:
2756:
2755:
2750:
2743:
2740:
2727:
2723:
2722:
2717:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2702:
2689:
2685:
2684:
2679:
2675:
2669:
2666:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2639:
2636:
2623:
2619:
2618:
2613:
2606:
2603:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2572:
2569:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2527:
2524:
2520:
2515:
2512:
2499:
2495:
2494:
2489:
2482:
2479:
2475:
2470:
2467:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2440:
2437:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2406:
2403:
2399:
2394:
2391:
2378:
2374:
2373:
2368:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2325:
2322:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2291:
2288:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2261:
2258:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2231:
2228:
2215:
2211:
2210:
2205:
2198:
2195:
2191:
2186:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2163:, p. 130
2162:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2137:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2110:
2107:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2080:
2077:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2047:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2020:
2017:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1986:
1983:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1955:
1952:
1948:
1943:
1940:
1936:
1931:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1916:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1870:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1856:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1814:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1766:
1763:
1759:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1723:
1719:
1718:
1713:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1686:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1593:
1592:
1587:
1580:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1542:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1527:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1512:
1509:
1506:, p. 397
1505:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1485:
1481:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1432:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1393:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1350:
1346:
1345:
1340:
1333:
1330:
1326:
1321:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1239:
1236:
1232:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1215:
1212:
1205:
1200:
1190:
1187:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1169:
1164:
1158:
1155:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1109:
1094:
1089:
1087:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1069:legacy status
1062:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1025:Massachusetts
1022:
1017:
1015:
1014:
1008:
999:
993:
989:
987:
986:
980:
975:
967:
960:
958:
954:
952:
949:Library, and
948:
944:
940:
936:
935:
925:
920:
918:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
892:
886:
882:
880:
876:
870:
868:
863:
859:
858:Pope Pius VII
850:
848:
846:
842:
836:
834:
828:
826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
803:to Roothaan.
797:
793:
786:
781:
779:
777:
771:
769:
765:
761:
753:
751:
749:
745:
741:
737:
728:
724:
719:
715:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
688:
675:
666:
657:
648:
639:
630:
621:
612:
603:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
584:Henry Johnson
580:
578:
577:Panic of 1837
574:
570:
561:
559:
556:
552:
547:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
524:
522:
518:
512:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
477:
475:
471:
462:
457:
450:
448:
446:
441:
439:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
409:
403:
401:
397:
393:
389:
388:Bohemia Manor
385:
381:
377:
373:
372:Newtown Manor
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
348:
346:
341:
338:worldwide by
337:
333:
328:
324:
320:
315:
313:
310:the Catholic
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
284:
279:
278:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
248:
241:
238:
234:
226:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
205:
201:
196:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
175:In 1836, the
173:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
154:Henry Johnson
151:
147:
143:
139:
127:
124:
122:
121:Henry Johnson
119:
117:
114:
112:
109:
108:
106:
102:
96:
92:
88:
85:
82:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
60:
57:
56:
54:
50:
43:
32:
31:
29:
25:
19:
4158:
4146:from Commons
4141:
4120:
4013:
4006:
3999:
3992:
3985:
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3863:Men's soccer
3764:Cooper Field
3749:
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3607:John Carroll
3592:Andrew White
3586:
3277:Random House
3270:
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3138:February 14,
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3070:
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2519:Rothman 2020
2514:
2504:November 24,
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1985:
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1949:, p. 24
1942:
1937:, p. 22
1935:Rothman 2017
1930:
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1862:
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1820:, p. 40
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1791:, p. 49
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1678:November 21,
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1672:the original
1663:
1644:, p. 21
1642:Rothman 2017
1621:Rothman 2020
1616:
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1597:November 30,
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1424:Mendoza 2020
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1355:November 20,
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1312:, p. 39
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1281:Rothman 2017
1260:, p. 32
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573:market value
565:
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474:Jan Roothaan
466:
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429:Peter Kenney
407:
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392:Cecil County
356:Pennsylvania
349:
316:
292:land patents
282:
276:
260:Mid-Atlantic
253:
197:
181:Jan Roothaan
174:
135:
104:Participants
84:Destination:
83:
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4101:Catholicism
3836:Draft picks
3769:Kehoe Field
3729:Observatory
3697:Gaston Hall
3098:(1): 1–10.
2881:j.ctt284vw2
2521:, p. 3
2190:Curran 1993
1923:Curran 2012
1908:December 2,
1837:Curran 2012
1789:Curran 2012
1760:, p. 8
1748:, p. 9
1728:January 23,
1698:Curran 2012
1623:, p. 8
1569:Curran 2012
1546:Curran 2012
1531:Curran 2012
1492:Curran 2012
1480:Curran 2012
1465:Curran 2012
1448:Curran 2012
1436:Curran 2012
1397:Curran 2012
1385:Curran 2012
1373:Curran 2012
1325:Curran 2012
1310:Curran 2012
1293:Curran 2012
1258:Curran 2012
1245:, p. 3
1243:Curran 2012
1231:Curran 2012
1221:, p. 2
1219:Curran 2012
1086:reparations
905:politician
897:Before the
768:New Orleans
600:Upper South
596:Jesse Batey
586:, a former
517:free blacks
470:manumitting
368:St. Inigoes
360:White Marsh
319:plantations
308:catechizing
158:Jesse Batey
126:Jesse Batey
4173:Categories
3886:Alma Mater
3692:Healy Hall
3657:Law Center
3642:Georgetown
3587:Slave sale
3567:Presidents
2161:Foley 2017
1516:Judge 1959
1504:Judge 1959
1201:References
1179:(whom the
1093:referendum
1053:Georgetown
825:alcoholism
748:Maringouin
708:collateral
544:Deep South
540:missionary
332:generation
304:sacraments
227:Background
152:planters,
37:1838-06-19
4113:Education
4089:Louisiana
3873:Hoya Saxa
3800:Athletics
3704:Old North
3683:Buildings
3402:Dentistry
3227:Routledge
3114:230540515
3007:230590560
2732:March 26,
2220:August 4,
2009:March 23,
1206:Citations
1042:, held a
903:Tennessee
879:Civil War
782:Aftermath
712:defaulted
704:guarantor
555:Louisiana
423:in Rome,
150:Louisiana
95:Louisiana
87:Ascension
4077:Maryland
3973:The Hoya
3917:The Corp
3868:Softball
3843:Football
3821:Baseball
3750:Exorcist
3744:Car Barn
3652:Hospital
3633:Campuses
3455:Research
3427:Medicine
3412:Graduate
3387:Business
3212:Archived
3155:Archived
3129:Archived
3079:90015020
3047:Archived
2936:Archived
2902:Archived
2798:Archived
2759:Archived
2726:Archived
2688:Archived
2652:Archived
2622:Archived
2617:NBC News
2589:Archived
2555:Archived
2498:Archived
2493:The Hoya
2453:Archived
2423:Archived
2377:Archived
2341:Archived
2336:The Hoya
2308:Archived
2274:Archived
2244:Archived
2214:Archived
2209:The Hoya
2123:Archived
2093:Archived
2063:Archived
2033:Archived
2003:Archived
1975:June 18,
1969:Archived
1902:Archived
1869:Archived
1722:Archived
1611:series.
1349:Archived
1112:See also
985:The Hoya
843:city of
841:Savoyard
813:Virginia
776:run away
723:manifest
562:The sale
532:province
521:en masse
481:superior
283:The Dove
272:Catholic
189:Catholic
170:missions
138:Maryland
78:Maryland
52:Location
4053:History
4039:Portals
3922:GUASFCU
3719:Housing
3577:Faculty
3553:History
3432:Nursing
3392:College
3378:Schools
2817:Sources
1044:liturgy
760:sheriff
528:mission
396:tobacco
300:estates
277:The Ark
166:estates
148:to two
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833:priest
594:, and
503:, and
495:, and
386:, and
327:slaves
146:slaves
80:, U.S.
72:, and
4160:Texts
4143:Media
3963:Media
3853:Rugby
3809:Hoyas
3752:steps
3158:(PDF)
3151:(PDF)
3132:(PDF)
3125:(PDF)
3110:S2CID
3075:JSTOR
3050:(PDF)
3043:(PDF)
3003:S2CID
2939:(PDF)
2922:(PDF)
2877:JSTOR
1149:Notes
431:as a
312:laity
296:wills
62:Cecil
4021:WGTB
3912:GUSA
3281:ISBN
3256:ISBN
3231:ISBN
3191:ISBN
3166:2021
3140:2022
3058:2021
3026:ISBN
2966:ISBN
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1019:The
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