600:
28:
521:
384:
321:
301:. The winds were estimated at 60 mph (97 km/h); however, it is a potentially unreliable estimate due to a lack of significant population providing observations. The entire track of the storm is unknown. It is possible that a Tropical Depression reported by newspapers 1 day later was the same as this one, except at a lower intensity and wind speed. Chenoweth argues that severe weather reported due to this storm was a localized event, not a tropical cyclone.
588:, the hurricane destroyed one building and damaged several others, killing one person. It later moved across the Florida mainland, weakening slightly. It is possible that this hurricane crossed over from the Pacific, however Pacific records are not reliable from this time. About a dozen ships encountered the hurricane across the western Atlantic, before the storm was last observed on October 25 north of Bermuda.
285:
nearby island, where they were rescued by two United States ships after 10 days. The winds were estimated at 60 mph (97 km/h), although the entire track of the storm is unknown, HURDAT has done its best to track it. Climate researcher
Michael Chenoweth proposed the removal of this storm from HURDAT in a 2014 study, noting "Insufficient supporting evidence from other neighboring data sources".
452:. The overall death toll was estimated at 300, including 36 on Marie-Galante. After moving through the Lesser Antilles, the hurricane moved through the Caribbean Sea, passing between Jamaica and Haiti and bypassing Cuba to the south. It curved northward in the Gulf of Mexico, moving ashore on September 13 near the border between Texas and Louisiana with an estimated
864:
242:. In both of its major landfalls, the storm left many houses destroyed. There was confusion whether or not the fifth storm of the season was separate from the fourth storm, as both systems struck Louisiana in September. Another hurricane occurred in late September, before the final storm of the season developed north of
487:
A tropical storm struck the south-central
Louisiana coast on September 7, while the previous system was located over the Caribbean. The storm wrecked a ship, and its winds were estimated around 70 mph (110 km/h). The track was incomplete, and there was a possibility that the storm was
284:
On May 30, a tropical storm in the western
Caribbean Sea wrecked a ship named the "Golden Rule", which was sailing from New York to the east coast of Nicaragua. The ship first encountered the storm on May 29, reporting high winds and heavy rainfall. After the wreck, the crew sailed to a
580:, where peak winds were estimated around 105 mph (169 km/h). Its pressure was estimated at 969 millibars (28.6 inHg), and the hurricane either sunk or washed every boat ashore at the harbor in Key West. Rainfall totaled 4.10 in (104 mm) over a three-day period. In nearby
253:
At one time, one hurricane researcher identified a tropical storm over Cuba in late August, although there was no evidence the storm actually existed. There was also a report of a hurricane over
Louisiana on October 22, although it is unknown if it was related to other storms in the season.
359:
sustained damage from a storm on August 20. Further ship reports indicated the tropical storm maintained a general northeast track off the North
Carolina coastline. On August 22 the storm made its closest approach to the state, and while remaining offshore it produced winds of around
564:
The final tropical cyclone of the season formed on
October 18, just north of the coast of Panama. The storm brushed the country's coast with high waves for several days, causing $ 300,000 in damage (1865 USD). Moving north-northwestward, the storm intensified into a hurricane by
360:
45 mph (72 km/h) along the coast. Around that time, the storm attained peak winds of 70 mph (110 km/h) over the ocean. On August 23, high waves from the storm left one ship's cargo a complete wreck. It was last observed on August 24 to the southeast of
488:
misreported as the previous hurricane. Chenoweth also argued for the removal of this storm from HURDAT, noting that evidence does not support a tropical system and that information obtained have may have been associated with the previous cyclone.
500:
islands. The winds in the hurricane extended far to the northwest, and high waves affected the southeast United States coast from
Charleston, South Carolina to Cape Hatteras. The hurricane's track is unknown.
573:. In the city, the hurricane destroyed several boats and houses. A station on the island recorded a pressure of 975 mbar (28.8 inHg), suggesting winds of about 80 mph (130 km/h).
479:, causing multiple deaths. The hurricane weakened over Louisiana and dissipated over Arkansas on September 14. It was also known as the "Sabine River-Lake Calcasieu Storm".
268:
1133:
258:
estimates up to six storms were missed from the official database, due to small tropical cyclone size, sparse ship reports, and relatively unpopulated coastlines.
270:
1280:
565:
October 21 over the western
Caribbean. After turning more to the north, it struck Cuba, producing strong winds that destroyed the roof of the
889:
1126:
618:
816:
467:, Louisiana. Three towns were destroyed, causing two of them to be abandoned. Across the state, there were 25 deaths, many of them in
1275:
1249:
476:
715:
1183:
1178:
1119:
364:. Chenoweth proposed the removal of this storm, noting that evidence instead supports a cold front due to a break in heat wave.
1290:
1254:
903:
566:
432:
The fourth tropical cyclone of the season, also the longest-lasting, was first observed on
September 6 to the east of the
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222:, with one that caused over 325 deaths. The first storm was reported on May 30 by ships in the western
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475:, where 196 homes were destroyed out of the 200 in the town. The hurricane capsized 19 boats in the
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After crossing the island, the hurricane intensified further over the
Florida straits until striking
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There may have been additional unconfirmed tropical cyclones during the season. Meteorologist
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Upon moving ashore, the hurricane produced high tides as far east as the mouth of the
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246:. The final hurricane struck Cuba and Key West, Florida before dissipating north of
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234:. The fourth storm of the season was also the longest-lasting, forming east of the
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740:
449:
448:, the hurricane destroyed all but two buildings. Damage was similarly heavy in
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On September 28, a ship encountered a hurricane to the northeast of the
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as a fully developed hurricane. Many residents in the small nearby island of
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on June 30. Its existence is known based on a newspaper report in the
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247:
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227:
947:"Continental United States Tropical Storms: 1851–1930, 1983–2010"
867:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
890:"A New Compilation of North Atlantic Tropical Cyclones, 1851–98"
791:(18). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: 197–208.
1115:
1026:
712:"Documentation of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Changes in HURDAT"
267:
230:, and in late August, a storm paralleled the coastline of the
444:
evacuated to Guadeloupe, but some died in the attempt. In
238:
before hitting Guadeloupe and eventually moving ashore in
981:"Continental U.S. Hurricanes: 1851 to 1930, 1983 to 2010"
966:
Early American hurricanes 1492-1870, David Ludlum, pg 178
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The second known storm of the season was reported near
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714:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
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846:"Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)"
776:"Counting Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Back to 1900"
436:. A small cyclone, it tracked westward and struck
983:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
949:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
679:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
428:The Sabine River-Lake Calcasieu Hurricane of 1865
471:. In neighboring Texas, damage was greatest in
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512:Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS)
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375:Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS)
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226:. A month later, a storm hit southern
619:Atlantic hurricane reanalysis project
7:
1029:1860–1869 Atlantic hurricane seasons
979:Hurricane Research Division (2011).
974:
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945:Hurricane Research Division (2011).
888:Chenoweth, Michael (December 2014).
734:
732:
710:Hurricane Research Division (2011).
75:
822:from the original on 3 January 2011
456:of 969 millibars (28.6 inHg).
71:
463:, in addition to as far inland as
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753:from the original on 16 July 2011
1281:1860s Atlantic hurricane seasons
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718:from the original on 4 June 2011
672:José Fernández Partagás (2003).
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519:
382:
319:
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904:American Meteorological Society
399:September 6 – September 14
213:1865 Atlantic hurricane season
21:1865 Atlantic hurricane season
1:
741:"Louisiana Hurricane History"
544:105 mph (165 km/h)
407:105 mph (165 km/h)
746:. National Weather Service.
624:Tropical cyclone observation
536:October 18 – October 25
344:70 mph (110 km/h)
96: • Lowest pressure
312:Tropical storm (SSHWS)
1307:
1276:Atlantic hurricane seasons
1008:. National Weather Service
848:(Database). United States
336:August 20 – August 24
184:Atlantic hurricane seasons
82: • Maximum winds
1177:South-West Indian Ocean (
1035:
1003:"Texas Hurricane History"
1001:David Roth (2010-02-04).
921:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00771.1
850:National Hurricane Center
739:David Roth (2010-04-08).
567:Belen College Observatory
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606:Tropical cyclones portal
357:Hatteras, North Carolina
355:A ship off the coast of
1291:1865 natural disasters
51:Last system dissipated
805:10.1029/2007EO180001
454:atmospheric pressure
305:Tropical Storm Three
250:on October 25.
1160:Australian region (
912:2014JCli...27.8674C
797:2007EOSTr..88..197L
483:Tropical Storm Five
256:Christopher Landsea
120:Seasonal statistics
43:First system formed
38:Seasonal boundaries
1243:Non-seasonal lists
1173:North Indian Ocean
895:Journal of Climate
614:Atlantic hurricane
295:Brownsville, Texas
289:Tropical Storm Two
280:Tropical Storm One
89:1-minute sustained
85:105 mph (165 km/h)
32:Season summary map
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1143:Tropical cyclones
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461:Mississippi River
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299:New Orleans Times
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125:Total depressions
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446:ĂŽles des Saintes
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163:Total fatalities
149:Major hurricanes
54:October 25, 1865
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869:public domain
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720:. Retrieved
681:. Retrieved
586:Dry Tortugas
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477:Sabine River
458:
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171:Total damage
133:Total storms
88:
46:May 30, 1865
15:
674:"Year 1865"
450:Basse-Terre
217:landfalling
1270:Categories
1206:Hurricanes
1040:Previous:
1012:2011-06-22
987:2011-06-04
953:2011-06-09
826:2011-01-18
757:2011-06-22
722:2011-06-04
683:2011-06-21
630:References
438:Guadeloupe
220:hurricanes
141:Hurricanes
927:April 29,
813:128942012
550:969
413:969
362:Nantucket
240:Louisiana
232:Carolinas
224:Caribbean
1227:Typhoons
1213:Atlantic
1154:Cyclones
817:Archived
748:Archived
716:Archived
592:See also
533:Duration
469:Leesburg
396:Duration
333:Duration
262:Timeline
107:; 28.61
1234:Pacific
1218:Pacific
1196:1865–66
1191:1864–65
1184:1865–66
1179:1864–65
1167:1865–66
1162:1864–65
908:Bibcode
793:Bibcode
584:in the
554: (
546:(1-min)
417: (
409:(1-min)
346:(1-min)
275:Systems
248:Bermuda
174:Unknown
153:Cat. 3+
1098:Next:
902:(12).
811:
571:Havana
525:
473:Orange
388:
325:
244:Panama
1006:(PDF)
820:(PDF)
809:S2CID
779:(PDF)
751:(PDF)
744:(PDF)
677:(PDF)
228:Texas
76:Seven
1147:1865
1100:1870
1093:1869
1088:1868
1083:1867
1078:1866
1073:1865
1068:1864
1063:1863
1058:1862
1053:1861
1048:1860
1042:1859
929:2024
858:2024
552:mbar
415:mbar
211:The
204:1867
200:1866
196:1865
192:1864
188:1863
109:inHg
101:mbar
99:969
74:and
72:Four
68:Name
1145:in
916:doi
801:doi
784:Eos
569:in
556:hPa
419:hPa
166:326
105:hPa
1272::
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906:.
900:27
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
