Knowledge (XXG)

1870 United States census

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When the appointments of enumerators were made in 1870 the entire lot was taken from the Republican party, and most of those in the South were negroes. Some of the negroes could not read or write, and the enumeration of the Southern population was done very badly. My judgement was that the census of
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This controversy of the 1870 undercount resurfaced in 1890, when the national growth rate between 1880 and 1890 was discovered to be much lower than it was between 1870 and 1880. Critics then asserted that the 1870 population must have been underenumerated by over 1.2 million people to account for
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Although Francis Walker, the Superintendent of the 1870 census, defended the quality of the census, arguing that standardized, clear, and statistical approaches and practices were carried out across all regions of the United States, the public at the time was disappointed in the national
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Conditions for the work were therefore so adverse that the new superintendent (Walker), with characteristic frankness, repudiated in many instances the results of the Census, denouncing them as false or misleading and pointing out the plain
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in those areas. While it was thought a large fraction of the population was not counted for being indoors in the wintry cold, newer estimates resulted in only a 2.5% increase in Philadelphia's population and a 2% increase in New York's.
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between growth rates; it was presumed that the growth rate in 1880 had to be exaggerated because of the 1870 undercount. Despite the fact that modern investigations have yet to quantify the exact effect of the undercount, most modern
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The 1870 census was the first of its kind to record the nativity of the American population. This social statistic helped determine which areas were more highly composed of immigrants than native-born Americans.
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and suspected underenumeration. With especially bitter complaints coming from New York and Philadelphia claiming up to a third of the population was not counted, the President made the rare move to order a
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In terms of products of industry, total U.S. wealth increased by 17.3% from 1860 to 1870, to reach an assessed wealth of $ 14,178,986,732. The four largest state contributors to this wealth were New York,
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also had a great population of foreigners that made up a significant fraction of their total populations. Therefore, a great ethnic and cultural change was witnessed from 1860 to 1870, as part of the
220:. Two new structural changes during the 1870 census occurred: marshals had to return the completed population questionnaire to the Census Office in September and penalties for refusing to reply to 761:
do not believe the undercount was as severe as 1890 investigators assumed. Today most analyzers compare the 1870 undercount to the non-response rates seen in most modern census data.
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after the Civil War. The five schedules for the 1870 census were the following: General Population, Mortality, Agriculture, Products of Industry, and Social Statistics.
656:**This question asked if one's right to vote is being denied due to a legal matter other than rebellion or conviction. Such circumstances included being unable to pay 3642: 3596: 3573: 3504: 3481: 3366: 3343: 3320: 3228: 3182: 3159: 3113: 3021: 2952: 2929: 2906: 2883: 2860: 2837: 2814: 2791: 2699: 2676: 2653: 2607: 2538: 2515: 2492: 2446: 2423: 2400: 2308: 2216: 2193: 2170: 2147: 2124: 2078: 2055: 2032: 2009: 1940: 1894: 1871: 1848: 1825: 1756: 1733: 1664: 1618: 1526: 1434: 1411: 1388: 566:*The constitutional population excludes the populations of Native Americans "maintaining their tribal relations and living upon Government reservations" and " 249:
in 1870, in general, decreased as a fraction of the total population by <0.1% from 1860 and by 0.1% from 1850. The lower death rates indicate that the
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when slaves were granted freedom. The total population was 38,925,598 with a resident population of 38,558,371 individuals, a 22.6% increase from 1860.
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The general population saw a 22.6% increase to 38,555,983 individuals in 1870. Charges of an undercount, however, were brought against
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The 1870 census's population estimate was controversial, as many believed it underestimated the true population numbers, especially in
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Male Citizens of U.S. of 21 years of age and upwards where rights to vote is denied on grounds other than rebellion or other crime**
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Includes a population of 450 for Rio Virgin County, which was located in Nevada but enumerated as part of Utah in the 1870 census.
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Full documentation for the 1870 population census, including census forms and enumerator instructions, is available from the
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had the most foreign-born individuals, with 419,094 foreigners, who comprised 44.5% of the city's total population.
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The Census Act of 1850 established the primary machinery of the ninth census. The Census Office, working within the
3468: 2525: 2433: 1950: 216:, oversaw the recording and tabulation of results gathered by assistant marshals, who were hired and supervised by 72: 695: 269:, in that order. Most of the wealth was concentrated in the developed Northeast region, as newer territories like 4173: 4167: 4162: 4146: 4141: 4136: 4131: 4126: 4121: 4116: 4111: 4106: 4101: 4085: 4080: 4075: 4065: 4060: 4055: 4050: 4045: 4040: 4024: 4019: 3763: 3629: 3560: 3330: 2640: 2502: 52: 35: 3829: 3665: 3527: 3458: 3435: 3389: 3297: 3274: 3251: 3205: 3044: 2998: 2975: 2745: 2722: 2630: 2377: 2331: 2285: 2239: 2111: 2042: 1986: 1835: 1802: 1779: 1710: 1549: 1480: 1457: 3809: 3100: 3054: 2893: 2387: 1881: 4227: 3982: 3903: 3619: 3550: 3169: 3146: 3136: 3090: 3067: 2768: 2584: 2561: 2469: 2354: 2262: 2157: 2101: 1963: 1917: 1687: 1641: 1572: 1503: 739: 3412: 3284: 2985: 2824: 2226: 2180: 2065: 1595: 66: 3998: 3542: 3422: 3353: 3123: 3031: 2760: 2594: 2461: 2341: 2203: 1674: 1633: 570: 240: 170: 3850:
Hacker, J. David; Ruggles, Steven; Foroughi, Andrea R.; Jarvis, Brad D.; Sargent, Walter L. (1999).
3904:"Tech Paper 29: Table 19. Nativity of the Population for the 50 Largest Urban Places: 1870 to 1990" 3514: 3238: 2870: 2686: 2571: 2479: 1858: 3738: 3008: 2939: 2088: 2019: 1904: 1651: 250: 186: 3975: 3943: 3922: 3871: 3811:
Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990
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was due to immigrants moving in and a shuffling of residents across state borders.
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The District of Columbia is not a state but was created with the passage of the
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Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History
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The commonly past-used slave questionnaires were redesigned to reflect the
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questions were extended to encompass every question on the questionnaires.
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New York state census records, 1790–1925 : bibliography bulletin 88
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from June 1, 1870, to August 23, 1871. The 1870 census was the first
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1870 erred as to the colored population between 350,000 and 400,000
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Schedule 1 of the 1870 census collected the following information:
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Deaf & dumb, blind, insane, idiotic, pauper, or convict
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Indian (Native American) population (not on reservations)
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population, only five years after the culmination of the
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Indian (Native American) population (on reservations)
257:, over the period of twenty years from 1850 to 1870. 4155: 4094: 4033: 4012: 4005: 646:
Male Citizens of U.S. of 21 years of age or upwards
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Dwelling-houses numbered in the order of Visitation
142: 121: 107: 102: 92: 84: 79: 23: 3962:Library of Congress research guide for 1870 census 3884:"Census of Population and Housing – Publications" 273:were beginning to develop their young economies. 3983: 8: 595:Families numbered in the order of visitation 4009: 3990: 3976: 3968: 1349: 768: 619:Place of Birth (State, Territory, Country) 308: 65: 3938:Douglas, Marilyn; Yates, Melinda (1981). 725:Learn how and when to remove this message 243:, the Superintendent of the 1870 census. 3902:Gibson, Campbell; Lennon, Emily (2011). 3679: 1318: 631:If married within the year, state month 181:to provide detailed information on the 3733: 3731: 669:Integrated Public Use Microdata Series 310:Population results of the 1870 census 20: 3764:"1870 Federal Census Schedule 1 Form" 634:Attended School within the Year (Y/N) 7: 3828:. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from 707:adding citations to reliable sources 628:If born within the year, state month 346:Constitutional/resident population* 4197:United States Census of Agriculture 3862:(3). Informa UK Limited: 125–133. 14: 683: 113: 112: 694:needs additional citations for 3714:A Life of Francis Amasa Walker 3712:Munroe, James Phinney (1923) 1: 3934:Contains 1870 Census results. 3964:- links to primary documents 660:, or being unable to pass a 653:*If born in another country 4192:United States Census Bureau 3689:"1870 Fast Facts – History" 578:congressional apportionment 4246: 3942:. New York State Library. 3814:, U.S. Census Bureau, 1998 214:Department of the Interior 173:. It was conducted by the 73:Department of the Interior 4218:1870 in the United States 4187: 3868:10.1080/01615449909598933 167:1870 United States census 64: 28: 24:1870 United States census 3923:"1871 U.S Census Report" 616:Value of Personal Estate 3826:"Regions and Divisions" 253:increased, due to some 3999:United States censuses 3687:Census History Staff. 41:June 1, 1870 675:Population undercount 4223:United States census 1634:District of Columbia 1149:District of Columbia 703:improve this article 625:Mother's Birthplace* 622:Father's Birthplace* 613:Value of Real Estate 535:Total United States 532:Japanese population 504:Total United States 473:Total United States 442:Total United States 411:Total United States 380:Total United States 349:Total United States 318:Total United States 265:, Pennsylvania, and 241:Francis Amasa Walker 171:United States census 3832:on December 3, 2016 576:**When considering 501:Chinese population 311: 228:Census organization 80:General information 3930:U.S. Census Bureau 3888:U.S. Census Bureau 3693:U.S. Census Bureau 640:Cannot Write (Y/N) 571:district of Alaska 568:the newly acquired 309: 251:standard of living 208:Census Act of 1850 202:US Marshal Service 4205: 4204: 4183: 4182: 3771:National Archives 3671: 3670: 1310: 1309: 759:social scientists 735: 734: 727: 637:Cannot Read (Y/N) 562: 561: 408:Black population 377:White population 299:population growth 163: 162: 59: 58: 4235: 4010: 3992: 3985: 3978: 3969: 3951: 3933: 3927: 3918: 3916: 3914: 3898: 3896: 3894: 3879: 3842: 3841: 3839: 3837: 3822: 3816: 3815: 3806: 3800: 3799: 3797: 3795: 3781: 3775: 3774: 3768: 3760: 3754: 3753: 3751: 3749: 3735: 3726: 3710: 3704: 3703: 3701: 3699: 3684: 2848:North Providence 1350: 1339: 1336: 1330: 1323: 769: 730: 723: 719: 716: 710: 687: 679: 584:Census questions 315:True population 312: 255:exogenous factor 234:American society 218:federal marshals 204:as enumerators. 183:African American 151: 150: 146: 130: 129: 125: 116: 115: 108:Total population 69: 48: 46: 31: 30: 21: 4245: 4244: 4238: 4237: 4236: 4234: 4233: 4232: 4208: 4207: 4206: 4201: 4179: 4151: 4090: 4029: 4001: 3996: 3958: 3937: 3925: 3921: 3912: 3910: 3901: 3892: 3890: 3882: 3849: 3846: 3845: 3835: 3833: 3824: 3823: 3819: 3808: 3807: 3803: 3793: 3791: 3783: 3782: 3778: 3766: 3762: 3761: 3757: 3747: 3745: 3737: 3736: 3729: 3716:, Holt, p. 111 3711: 3707: 3697: 3695: 3686: 3685: 3681: 3676: 1348: 1343: 1342: 1337: 1333: 1324: 1320: 1315: 775:State/Territory 767: 731: 720: 714: 711: 700: 688: 677: 586: 307: 247:Mortality rates 230: 210: 158: 148: 144: 137: 127: 123: 75: 60: 44: 42: 29: 17: 16:Ninth US census 12: 11: 5: 4243: 4242: 4239: 4231: 4230: 4225: 4220: 4210: 4209: 4203: 4202: 4200: 4199: 4194: 4188: 4185: 4184: 4181: 4180: 4178: 4177: 4170: 4165: 4159: 4157: 4153: 4152: 4150: 4149: 4144: 4139: 4134: 4129: 4124: 4119: 4114: 4109: 4104: 4098: 4096: 4092: 4091: 4089: 4088: 4083: 4078: 4073: 4068: 4063: 4058: 4053: 4048: 4043: 4037: 4035: 4031: 4030: 4028: 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828: 824: 823: 820: 817: 813: 812: 809: 806: 802: 801: 798: 795: 791: 790: 787: 784: 780: 779: 776: 773: 766: 765:State rankings 763: 733: 732: 691: 689: 682: 676: 673: 651: 650: 647: 644: 641: 638: 635: 632: 629: 626: 623: 620: 617: 614: 611: 608: 605: 602: 599: 596: 593: 585: 582: 560: 559: 556: 553: 550: 549: 546: 543: 540: 539: 536: 533: 529: 528: 525: 522: 519: 518: 515: 512: 509: 508: 505: 502: 498: 497: 494: 491: 488: 487: 484: 481: 478: 477: 474: 471: 467: 466: 463: 460: 457: 456: 453: 450: 447: 446: 443: 440: 436: 435: 432: 429: 426: 425: 422: 419: 416: 415: 412: 409: 405: 404: 401: 398: 395: 394: 391: 388: 385: 384: 381: 378: 374: 373: 370: 367: 364: 363: 360: 359:States only** 357: 354: 353: 350: 347: 343: 342: 339: 336: 333: 332: 329: 326: 323: 322: 319: 316: 306: 305:Census results 303: 229: 226: 209: 206: 169:was the ninth 161: 160: 153: 140: 139: 132: 119: 118: 109: 105: 104: 100: 99: 94: 90: 89: 86: 82: 81: 77: 76: 70: 62: 61: 57: 56: 50: 38: 26: 25: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4241: 4240: 4229: 4228:1870 censuses 4226: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4215: 4213: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4189: 4186: 4176: 4175: 4171: 4169: 4166: 4164: 4161: 4160: 4158: 4154: 4148: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4115: 4113: 4110: 4108: 4105: 4103: 4100: 4099: 4097: 4093: 4087: 4084: 4082: 4079: 4077: 4074: 4072: 4069: 4067: 4064: 4062: 4059: 4057: 4054: 4052: 4049: 4047: 4044: 4042: 4039: 4038: 4036: 4032: 4026: 4023: 4021: 4018: 4017: 4015: 4011: 4008: 4004: 4000: 3993: 3988: 3986: 3981: 3979: 3974: 3973: 3970: 3963: 3960: 3959: 3955: 3949: 3945: 3941: 3936: 3931: 3924: 3920: 3909: 3905: 3900: 3889: 3885: 3881: 3877: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3848: 3847: 3831: 3827: 3821: 3818: 3813: 3812: 3805: 3802: 3790: 3786: 3780: 3777: 3772: 3765: 3759: 3756: 3744: 3740: 3734: 3732: 3728: 3725: 3720: 3715: 3709: 3706: 3694: 3690: 3683: 3680: 3673: 3667: 3664: 3661: 3659: 3656: 3654: 3651: 3648: 3647: 3644: 3641: 3638: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3630:New Brunswick 3628: 3625: 3624: 3621: 3618: 3615: 3613: 3610: 3608: 3605: 3602: 3601: 3598: 3595: 3592: 3590: 3587: 3585: 3582: 3579: 3578: 3575: 3572: 3569: 3567: 3566:Massachusetts 3564: 3562: 3559: 3556: 3555: 3552: 3549: 3546: 3544: 3541: 3539: 3536: 3533: 3532: 3529: 3526: 3523: 3521: 3518: 3516: 3513: 3510: 3509: 3506: 3503: 3500: 3498: 3495: 3493: 3490: 3487: 3486: 3483: 3480: 3477: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3467: 3464: 3463: 3460: 3457: 3454: 3452: 3449: 3447: 3444: 3441: 3440: 3437: 3434: 3431: 3429: 3426: 3424: 3421: 3418: 3417: 3414: 3411: 3408: 3406: 3403: 3401: 3398: 3395: 3394: 3391: 3388: 3385: 3383: 3380: 3378: 3375: 3372: 3371: 3368: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3357: 3355: 3352: 3349: 3348: 3345: 3342: 3339: 3337: 3334: 3332: 3329: 3326: 3325: 3322: 3319: 3316: 3314: 3311: 3309: 3306: 3303: 3302: 3299: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3280: 3279: 3276: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3265: 3263: 3260: 3257: 3256: 3253: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3234: 3233: 3230: 3227: 3224: 3222: 3219: 3217: 3214: 3211: 3210: 3207: 3204: 3201: 3199: 3196: 3194: 3191: 3188: 3187: 3184: 3181: 3178: 3176: 3175:Massachusetts 3173: 3171: 3168: 3165: 3164: 3161: 3158: 3155: 3153: 3152:Massachusetts 3150: 3148: 3145: 3142: 3141: 3138: 3135: 3132: 3130: 3127: 3125: 3122: 3119: 3118: 3115: 3112: 3109: 3107: 3104: 3102: 3099: 3096: 3095: 3092: 3089: 3086: 3084: 3081: 3079: 3076: 3073: 3072: 3069: 3066: 3063: 3061: 3060:West Virginia 3058: 3056: 3053: 3050: 3049: 3046: 3043: 3040: 3038: 3035: 3033: 3030: 3027: 3026: 3023: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3007: 3004: 3003: 3000: 2997: 2994: 2992: 2989: 2987: 2984: 2981: 2980: 2977: 2974: 2971: 2969: 2966: 2964: 2961: 2958: 2957: 2954: 2951: 2948: 2946: 2943: 2941: 2938: 2935: 2934: 2931: 2928: 2925: 2923: 2920: 2918: 2915: 2912: 2911: 2908: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2889: 2888: 2885: 2882: 2879: 2877: 2874: 2872: 2869: 2866: 2865: 2862: 2859: 2856: 2854: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2843: 2842: 2839: 2836: 2833: 2831: 2828: 2826: 2823: 2820: 2819: 2816: 2813: 2810: 2808: 2805: 2803: 2800: 2797: 2796: 2793: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2784:Massachusetts 2782: 2780: 2777: 2774: 2773: 2770: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2759: 2757: 2754: 2751: 2750: 2747: 2744: 2741: 2739: 2736: 2734: 2731: 2728: 2727: 2724: 2721: 2718: 2716: 2713: 2711: 2708: 2705: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2695: 2693: 2690: 2688: 2685: 2682: 2681: 2678: 2675: 2672: 2670: 2667: 2665: 2662: 2659: 2658: 2655: 2652: 2649: 2647: 2646:New Hampshire 2644: 2642: 2639: 2636: 2635: 2632: 2629: 2626: 2624: 2621: 2619: 2616: 2613: 2612: 2609: 2606: 2603: 2601: 2600:Massachusetts 2598: 2596: 2593: 2590: 2589: 2586: 2583: 2580: 2578: 2575: 2573: 2570: 2567: 2566: 2563: 2560: 2557: 2555: 2552: 2550: 2547: 2544: 2543: 2540: 2537: 2534: 2532: 2531:Massachusetts 2529: 2527: 2524: 2521: 2520: 2517: 2514: 2511: 2509: 2508:Massachusetts 2506: 2504: 2501: 2498: 2497: 2494: 2491: 2488: 2486: 2485:Massachusetts 2483: 2481: 2478: 2475: 2474: 2471: 2468: 2465: 2463: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2452: 2451: 2448: 2445: 2442: 2440: 2439:Massachusetts 2437: 2435: 2432: 2429: 2428: 2425: 2422: 2419: 2417: 2414: 2412: 2409: 2406: 2405: 2402: 2399: 2396: 2394: 2393:Massachusetts 2391: 2389: 2386: 2383: 2382: 2379: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2366: 2363: 2360: 2359: 2356: 2353: 2350: 2348: 2345: 2343: 2340: 2337: 2336: 2333: 2330: 2327: 2325: 2322: 2320: 2317: 2314: 2313: 2310: 2307: 2304: 2302: 2299: 2297: 2294: 2291: 2290: 2287: 2284: 2281: 2279: 2276: 2274: 2271: 2268: 2267: 2264: 2261: 2258: 2256: 2253: 2251: 2248: 2245: 2244: 2241: 2238: 2235: 2233: 2230: 2228: 2225: 2222: 2221: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2210: 2207: 2205: 2202: 2199: 2198: 2195: 2192: 2189: 2187: 2184: 2182: 2179: 2176: 2175: 2172: 2169: 2166: 2164: 2161: 2159: 2156: 2153: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2143: 2141: 2138: 2136: 2133: 2130: 2129: 2126: 2123: 2120: 2118: 2117:Massachusetts 2115: 2113: 2110: 2107: 2106: 2103: 2100: 2097: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2084: 2083: 2080: 2077: 2074: 2072: 2071:Massachusetts 2069: 2067: 2064: 2061: 2060: 2057: 2054: 2051: 2049: 2048:Massachusetts 2046: 2044: 2041: 2038: 2037: 2034: 2031: 2028: 2026: 2023: 2021: 2018: 2015: 2014: 2011: 2008: 2005: 2003: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1992: 1991: 1988: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1969: 1968: 1965: 1962: 1959: 1957: 1954: 1952: 1949: 1946: 1945: 1942: 1939: 1936: 1934: 1931: 1929: 1926: 1923: 1922: 1919: 1916: 1913: 1911: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1900: 1899: 1896: 1893: 1890: 1888: 1885: 1883: 1880: 1877: 1876: 1873: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1854: 1853: 1850: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1837: 1834: 1831: 1830: 1827: 1824: 1821: 1819: 1816: 1814: 1811: 1808: 1807: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1796: 1793: 1791: 1788: 1785: 1784: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1762: 1761: 1758: 1755: 1752: 1750: 1747: 1745: 1742: 1739: 1738: 1735: 1732: 1729: 1727: 1724: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1715: 1712: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1693: 1692: 1689: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1678: 1676: 1673: 1670: 1669: 1666: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1653: 1650: 1647: 1646: 1643: 1640: 1637: 1635: 1632: 1630: 1627: 1624: 1623: 1620: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1601: 1600: 1597: 1594: 1591: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1583:San Francisco 1581: 1578: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1555: 1554: 1551: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1532: 1531: 1528: 1525: 1522: 1520: 1519:Massachusetts 1517: 1515: 1512: 1509: 1508: 1505: 1502: 1499: 1497: 1494: 1492: 1489: 1486: 1485: 1482: 1479: 1476: 1474: 1471: 1469: 1466: 1463: 1462: 1459: 1456: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1440: 1439: 1436: 1433: 1430: 1428: 1425: 1423: 1420: 1417: 1416: 1413: 1410: 1407: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1397: 1394: 1393: 1390: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1371: 1370: 1367: 1366:Region (2016) 1364: 1361: 1358: 1355: 1352: 1351: 1346:City rankings 1345: 1335: 1332: 1328: 1327:Residence Act 1322: 1319: 1312: 1305: 1302: 1299: 1298: 1294: 1291: 1288: 1287: 1283: 1280: 1277: 1276: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1265: 1261: 1258: 1255: 1254: 1250: 1247: 1244: 1243: 1239: 1236: 1233: 1232: 1228: 1225: 1222: 1221: 1217: 1214: 1211: 1210: 1206: 1203: 1200: 1199: 1195: 1192: 1189: 1188: 1184: 1181: 1178: 1177: 1173: 1170: 1167: 1166: 1162: 1159: 1156: 1155: 1151: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1140: 1137: 1134: 1133: 1129: 1126: 1123: 1122: 1118: 1116:New Hampshire 1115: 1112: 1111: 1107: 1104: 1101: 1100: 1096: 1093: 1090: 1089: 1085: 1082: 1079: 1078: 1074: 1072:West Virginia 1071: 1068: 1067: 1063: 1060: 1057: 1056: 1052: 1049: 1046: 1045: 1041: 1038: 1035: 1034: 1030: 1027: 1024: 1023: 1019: 1016: 1013: 1012: 1008: 1005: 1002: 1001: 997: 994: 991: 990: 986: 983: 980: 979: 975: 972: 969: 968: 964: 961: 958: 957: 953: 950: 947: 946: 942: 939: 936: 935: 931: 928: 925: 924: 920: 917: 914: 913: 909: 906: 903: 902: 898: 895: 892: 891: 887: 884: 881: 880: 876: 873: 870: 869: 865: 862: 859: 858: 854: 852:Massachusetts 851: 848: 847: 843: 840: 837: 836: 832: 829: 826: 825: 821: 818: 815: 814: 810: 807: 804: 803: 799: 796: 793: 792: 788: 785: 782: 781: 777: 774: 771: 770: 764: 762: 760: 755: 749: 746: 741: 729: 726: 718: 708: 704: 698: 697: 692:This section 690: 686: 681: 680: 674: 672: 670: 665: 663: 662:literacy test 659: 654: 648: 645: 642: 639: 636: 633: 630: 627: 624: 621: 618: 615: 612: 609: 606: 603: 600: 597: 594: 591: 590: 589: 583: 581: 579: 574: 572: 569: 564: 557: 554: 552: 551: 547: 544: 542: 541: 537: 534: 531: 530: 526: 523: 521: 520: 516: 513: 511: 510: 506: 503: 500: 499: 495: 492: 490: 489: 485: 482: 480: 479: 475: 472: 469: 468: 464: 461: 459: 458: 454: 451: 449: 448: 444: 441: 438: 437: 433: 430: 428: 427: 423: 420: 418: 417: 413: 410: 407: 406: 402: 399: 397: 396: 392: 389: 387: 386: 382: 379: 376: 375: 371: 368: 366: 365: 361: 358: 356: 355: 351: 348: 345: 344: 340: 337: 335: 334: 330: 327: 325: 324: 320: 317: 314: 313: 304: 302: 300: 296: 295:San Francisco 292: 288: 284: 280: 279:New York City 274: 272: 268: 264: 263:Massachusetts 258: 256: 252: 248: 244: 242: 237: 235: 227: 225: 223: 219: 215: 207: 205: 203: 199: 195: 190: 188: 184: 180: 176: 175:Census Office 172: 168: 157: 154: 141: 136: 133: 120: 110: 106: 101: 98: 97:Census Office 95: 91: 88:United States 87: 83: 78: 74: 68: 63: 55: → 54: 51: 49: 39: 37: 34:←  33: 32: 27: 22: 19: 4172: 4070: 3939: 3929: 3911:. Retrieved 3907: 3891:. Retrieved 3887: 3859: 3855: 3836:September 9, 3834:. Retrieved 3830:the original 3820: 3810: 3804: 3792:. Retrieved 3788: 3779: 3770: 3758: 3746:. Retrieved 3742: 3722: 3717: 3713: 3708: 3696:. Retrieved 3692: 3682: 3474:Pennsylvania 3469:Williamsport 3377:Grand Rapids 3014:Pennsylvania 2917:Poughkeepsie 2899:Pennsylvania 2853:Rhode Island 2669:Pennsylvania 2186:Pennsylvania 2163:Pennsylvania 1974:Indianapolis 1887:Pennsylvania 1841:Rhode Island 1726:Pennsylvania 1404:Pennsylvania 1399:Philadelphia 1334: 1321: 1303:North Dakota 1270:South Dakota 1127:Rhode Island 797:Pennsylvania 750: 736: 721: 715:January 2015 712: 701:Please help 696:verification 693: 666: 655: 652: 587: 575: 565: 563: 555:Territories 545:States only 524:Territories 514:States only 493:Territories 483:States only 462:Territories 452:States only 431:Territories 421:States only 400:Territories 390:States only 369:Territories 338:Territories 328:States only 283:Philadelphia 275: 259: 245: 238: 231: 211: 198:Pennsylvania 191: 166: 164: 152:​state 131:​state 111:38,925,598 ( 71:Seal of the 40: 18: 3423:Terre Haute 3359:Connecticut 3285:Springfield 3239:Leavenworth 3106:Connecticut 2779:New Bedford 2526:Springfield 2434:Charlestown 2227:Kansas City 2140:Connecticut 1933:Connecticut 1744:Jersey City 1560:New Orleans 1050:Connecticut 973:Mississippi 778:Population 754:discrepancy 740:growth rate 393:33,203,128 383:33,589,377 362:38,115,641 352:38,558,371 331:38,205,598 321:38,925,598 4212:Categories 3913:August 27, 3908:Census.gov 3893:August 27, 3794:August 27, 3674:References 3653:Burlington 3635:New Jersey 3561:Gloucester 3515:New Albany 3405:California 3400:Sacramento 3262:Fort Wayne 3124:Petersburg 3101:Bridgeport 3032:St. Joseph 2986:Saint Paul 2945:New Jersey 2876:New Jersey 2830:New Jersey 2733:Evansville 2692:New Jersey 2664:Harrisburg 2641:Manchester 2503:Fall River 2342:Wilmington 2209:New Jersey 1951:Charleston 1836:Providence 1749:New Jersey 1721:Pittsburgh 1675:Louisville 1657:New Jersey 1629:Washington 1588:California 1537:Cincinnati 1362:Population 1237:Washington 1182:New Mexico 1039:California 962:New Jersey 943:1,054,670 932:1,071,361 921:1,184,059 910:1,184,109 899:1,194,020 888:1,225,163 877:1,258,520 866:1,321,011 855:1,457,351 844:1,680,637 833:1,721,295 822:2,539,891 811:2,665,260 800:3,521,951 789:4,382,759 658:poll taxes 610:Profession 424:4,835,106 414:4,880,009 222:enumerator 45:1870-06-01 3948:866298008 3876:0161-5440 3789:IPUMS USA 3748:April 29, 3698:April 28, 3643:Northeast 3597:Northeast 3574:Northeast 3505:Northeast 3482:Northeast 3367:Northeast 3344:Northeast 3321:Northeast 3229:Northeast 3183:Northeast 3160:Northeast 3114:Northeast 3022:Northeast 2991:Minnesota 2963:Davenport 2953:Northeast 2930:Northeast 2907:Northeast 2894:Lancaster 2884:Northeast 2861:Northeast 2838:Northeast 2825:Elizabeth 2815:Northeast 2792:Northeast 2700:Northeast 2677:Northeast 2654:Northeast 2608:Northeast 2572:Covington 2554:Tennessee 2549:Nashville 2539:Northeast 2516:Northeast 2493:Northeast 2447:Northeast 2424:Northeast 2401:Northeast 2309:Northeast 2217:Northeast 2194:Northeast 2171:Northeast 2148:Northeast 2125:Northeast 2112:Cambridge 2094:Tennessee 2079:Northeast 2056:Northeast 2043:Worcester 2033:Northeast 2010:Northeast 1941:Northeast 1928:New Haven 1895:Northeast 1882:Allegheny 1872:Northeast 1859:Rochester 1849:Northeast 1826:Northeast 1795:Wisconsin 1790:Milwaukee 1757:Northeast 1734:Northeast 1698:Cleveland 1665:Northeast 1619:Northeast 1565:Louisiana 1527:Northeast 1491:Baltimore 1445:St. Louis 1435:Northeast 1412:Northeast 1389:Northeast 1083:Minnesota 1006:Louisiana 940:Wisconsin 874:Tennessee 291:St. Louis 187:Civil War 138:4,382,759 93:Authority 3719:reasons. 3612:Kentucky 3589:New York 3497:New York 3451:Nebraska 3382:Michigan 3336:New York 3331:Newburgh 3313:New York 3290:Illinois 3129:Virginia 3083:Virginia 3055:Wheeling 3037:Missouri 2922:New York 2807:New York 2715:Illinois 2623:Illinois 2577:Kentucky 2457:Savannah 2416:New York 2388:Lawrence 2347:Delaware 2319:Columbus 2296:Portland 2232:Missouri 2204:Paterson 2158:Scranton 2135:Hartford 2025:New York 2020:Syracuse 2002:New York 1910:Virginia 1905:Richmond 1864:New York 1818:New York 1772:Michigan 1680:Kentucky 1611:New York 1496:Maryland 1473:Illinois 1450:Missouri 1427:New York 1422:Brooklyn 1381:New York 1376:New York 1329:of 1790. 1226:Colorado 1174:122,993 1171:Nebraska 1163:125,015 1160:Delaware 1152:131,700 1141:187,748 1130:217,353 1119:318,300 1108:330,551 1097:364,399 1086:439,706 1075:442,014 1064:484,471 1061:Arkansas 1053:537,454 1042:560,247 1031:626,915 1020:705,606 1009:726,915 998:780,894 995:Maryland 987:818,579 976:827,922 965:906,096 954:996,992 918:Michigan 885:Virginia 863:Kentucky 830:Missouri 819:Illinois 786:New York 465:268,024 445:357,981 403:386,249 372:442,730 341:720,000 194:New York 147:populous 135:New York 126:populous 4006:Century 3721:p. 113 3666:Midwest 3607:Newport 3543:Georgia 3538:Augusta 3528:Midwest 3520:Indiana 3459:Midwest 3436:Midwest 3428:Indiana 3390:Midwest 3354:Norwich 3298:Midwest 3275:Midwest 3267:Indiana 3252:Midwest 3206:Midwest 3193:Dubuque 3170:Chelsea 3147:Taunton 3078:Norfolk 3045:Midwest 2999:Midwest 2976:Midwest 2871:Hoboken 2761:Georgia 2756:Atlanta 2746:Midwest 2738:Indiana 2723:Midwest 2687:Trenton 2631:Midwest 2462:Georgia 2378:Midwest 2332:Midwest 2286:Midwest 2255:Alabama 2240:Midwest 2181:Reading 2089:Memphis 1987:Midwest 1979:Indiana 1803:Midwest 1780:Midwest 1767:Detroit 1711:Midwest 1684:100,753 1661:105,059 1638:109,199 1615:117,714 1606:Buffalo 1592:149,473 1569:191,418 1550:Midwest 1546:216,239 1523:250,526 1500:267,354 1481:Midwest 1477:298,977 1468:Chicago 1458:Midwest 1454:310,864 1431:396,099 1408:674,022 1385:942,292 1292:Wyoming 1281:Arizona 1273:11,776 1262:14,999 1251:20,595 1248:Montana 1240:23,955 1229:39,864 1218:42,941 1207:86,336 1196:90,923 1185:91,874 1138:Florida 1105:Vermont 951:Alabama 907:Georgia 841:Indiana 745:recount 517:56,124 507:63,199 486:21,228 476:25,731 455:89,957 434:44,903 287:Chicago 271:Wyoming 103:Results 85:Country 43: ( 3946:  3874:  3662:14,930 3639:15,058 3616:15,087 3593:15,357 3584:Cohoes 3570:15,389 3547:15,389 3524:15,396 3501:15,863 3492:Elmira 3478:16,030 3455:16,083 3432:16,103 3409:16,283 3386:16,507 3363:16,653 3340:17,014 3317:17,225 3308:Auburn 3294:17,364 3271:17,718 3248:17,873 3244:Kansas 3225:18,289 3216:Bangor 3202:18,434 3179:18,547 3156:18,629 3133:18,950 3110:18,969 3087:19,229 3064:19,280 3041:19,565 3018:19,646 2995:20,030 2972:20,038 2949:20,045 2940:Camden 2926:20,080 2903:20,233 2880:20,297 2857:20,495 2834:20,832 2811:20,910 2802:Oswego 2788:21,320 2765:21,789 2742:21,830 2719:22,849 2710:Peoria 2696:22,874 2673:23,104 2650:23,536 2627:24,052 2618:Quincy 2604:24,117 2581:24,505 2558:25,865 2535:26,703 2512:26,766 2489:28,233 2466:28,235 2443:28,323 2420:28,804 2397:28,921 2374:30,473 2365:Dayton 2351:30,841 2328:31,274 2305:31,413 2282:31,584 2273:Toledo 2259:32,034 2250:Mobile 2236:32,260 2213:33,579 2190:33,930 2167:35,092 2144:37,180 2121:39,634 2098:40,226 2075:40,928 2066:Lowell 2052:41,105 2029:43,051 2006:46,465 1983:48,244 1960:48,956 1937:50,840 1914:51,038 1891:53,180 1868:62,386 1845:68,904 1822:69,422 1813:Albany 1799:71,440 1776:79,577 1753:82,546 1730:86,076 1707:92,829 1652:Newark 1514:Boston 1306:2,405 1295:9,118 1284:9,658 1215:Nevada 1193:Oregon 1094:Kansas 527:7,075 496:4,503 293:, and 179:census 159:42,941 156:Nevada 149:  145:  128:  124:  117:22.6%) 3926:(PDF) 3767:(PDF) 3620:South 3551:South 3446:Omaha 3221:Maine 3137:South 3091:South 3068:South 2769:South 2595:Salem 2585:South 2562:South 2470:South 2411:Utica 2355:South 2301:Maine 2263:South 2102:South 1964:South 1918:South 1688:South 1642:South 1573:South 1504:South 1359:State 1313:Notes 1259:Idaho 1028:Maine 984:Texas 607:Color 598:Names 143:Least 4174:2030 4168:2020 4163:2010 4156:21st 4147:2000 4142:1990 4137:1980 4132:1970 4127:1960 4122:1950 4117:1940 4112:1930 4107:1920 4102:1910 4095:20th 4086:1900 4081:1890 4076:1880 4071:1870 4066:1860 4061:1850 4056:1840 4051:1830 4046:1820 4041:1810 4034:19th 4025:1800 4020:1790 4013:18th 3944:OCLC 3915:2019 3895:2019 3872:ISSN 3838:2016 3796:2019 3750:2019 3700:2019 3658:Iowa 3413:West 3198:Iowa 3009:Erie 2968:Iowa 2480:Lynn 2370:Ohio 2324:Ohio 2278:Ohio 1997:Troy 1703:Ohio 1596:West 1542:Ohio 1356:City 1353:Rank 1204:Utah 896:Iowa 808:Ohio 772:Rank 752:the 267:Ohio 196:and 165:The 122:Most 53:1880 36:1860 3864:doi 3649:100 705:by 604:Sex 601:Age 573:." 548:55 538:55 4214:: 3928:. 3906:. 3886:. 3870:. 3860:32 3858:. 3854:. 3787:. 3769:. 3741:. 3730:^ 3691:. 3626:99 3603:98 3580:97 3557:95 3534:95 3511:94 3488:93 3465:92 3442:91 3419:90 3396:89 3373:88 3350:87 3327:86 3304:85 3281:84 3258:83 3235:82 3212:81 3189:80 3166:79 3143:78 3120:77 3097:76 3074:75 3051:74 3028:73 3005:72 2982:71 2959:70 2936:69 2913:68 2890:67 2867:66 2844:65 2821:64 2798:63 2775:62 2752:61 2729:60 2706:59 2683:58 2660:57 2637:56 2614:55 2591:54 2568:53 2545:52 2522:51 2499:50 2476:49 2453:48 2430:47 2407:46 2384:45 2361:44 2338:43 2315:42 2292:41 2269:40 2246:39 2223:38 2200:37 2177:36 2154:35 2131:34 2108:33 2085:32 2062:31 2039:30 2016:29 1993:28 1970:27 1947:26 1924:25 1901:24 1878:23 1855:22 1832:21 1809:20 1786:19 1763:18 1740:17 1717:16 1694:15 1671:14 1648:13 1625:12 1602:11 1579:10 1556:09 1533:08 1510:07 1487:06 1464:05 1441:04 1418:03 1395:02 1372:01 1212:37 1190:36 1168:35 1157:34 1135:33 1124:32 1113:31 1102:30 1091:29 1080:28 1069:27 1058:26 1047:25 1036:24 1025:23 1014:22 1003:21 992:20 981:19 970:18 959:17 948:16 937:15 926:14 915:13 904:12 893:11 882:10 871:09 860:08 849:07 838:06 827:05 816:04 805:03 794:02 783:01 671:. 664:. 558:0 289:, 285:, 3991:e 3984:t 3977:v 3950:. 3932:. 3917:. 3897:. 3878:. 3866:: 3840:. 3798:. 3773:. 3752:. 3702:. 1300:X 1289:X 1278:X 1267:X 1256:X 1245:X 1234:X 1223:X 1201:X 1179:X 1146:X 728:) 722:( 717:) 713:( 699:. 47:)

Index

1860
1880

Department of the Interior
Census Office
New York
Nevada
United States census
Census Office
census
African American
Civil War
New York
Pennsylvania
US Marshal Service
Department of the Interior
federal marshals
enumerator
American society
Francis Amasa Walker
Mortality rates
standard of living
exogenous factor
Massachusetts
Ohio
Wyoming
New York City
Philadelphia
Chicago
St. Louis

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