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74:
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lack of reaction from the streets proved that the
Revolution was, indeed, over. "A shabby compound of brute force and imposture, the 18th Brumaire was nevertheless condoned, nay applauded, by the French nation. Weary of revolution, men sought no more than to be wisely and firmly governed." Resistance by Jacobin officeholders in the provinces was quickly crushed. Twenty Jacobin deputies were exiled, and others were arrested. The commissions then drew up the "short and obscure
2990:
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to
Michael Rapport, "He pointed to Napoleon's bloody, pallid face as proof; although at least one account mentions Napoleon scratching his own face in frustration and rage until he drew blood. Then, in a theatrical gesture, Lucien seized a sword and promised to plunge it through his own brother's heart if he were a traitor." Lucien ordered the troops to expel the violent deputies from the chamber. Grenadiers under the command of General
990:
857:
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With the
Council routed, the plotters convened two commissions, each consisting of twenty-five deputies from the two Councils. The plotters essentially intimidated the commissions into declaring a provisional government, the first form of the consulate with Napoleon, Sieyès, and Ducos as Consuls. The
932:
Napoleon found the
Ancients resistant "despite a massive show of military strength." He was met with heckling as he addressed them with such "home truths" as, "the Republic has no government" and, most likely, "the Revolution is over." One deputy called out, "And the Constitution?" Napoleon replied,
967:
A motion was raised in the
Council of Five Hundred to declare Napoleon an outlaw. At this point, Lucien apparently slipped out of the chamber and told the soldiers guarding the Councils that the majority of the Five Hundred were being terrorised by a group of deputies brandishing daggers. According
963:
Napoleon's reception by the
Council of Five Hundred was even more hostile. His grenadiers entered just as the legality of Barras's resignation was being challenged by the Jacobins in the chamber. Upon entering, Napoleon was first jostled, then outright assaulted. By some accounts, he came close to
1022:
Napoleon thus completed his coup within a coup by the adoption of a constitution under which the First Consul, a position he was sure to hold, had greater power than the other two. In particular, he appointed the Senate and the Senate interpreted the constitution. The
924:
By the following day, the deputies had, for the most part, realised that they were facing an attempted coup rather than being protected from a
Jacobin rebellion. Faced with their refusal to submit, Napoleon stormed into the chambers, escorted by a small force of
290:, the public received him with an ardor that convinced Sieyès he had found the general indispensable to his planned coup. However, from the moment of his return, Napoleon plotted a coup within the coup, ultimately gaining power for himself rather than Sieyès.
4678:
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fainting. It was not
Napoleon himself, but his brother Lucien, president of the council, who called upon the grenadiers to defend their leader. Napoleon escaped, but only through the use of military force.
4340:
1992:
52:
981:. Some tractable members of the Five Hundred, rounded up afterwards, served to give these measures the confirmation of their House. Thus the Directory and the Councils came to an end.
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remarks somewhere that all great world-historic facts and personages appear, so to speak, twice. He forgot to add: the first time as tragedy, the second time as farce."
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320:(the upper and lower houses of the legislature, respectively) to appoint a pliant commission that would draw up a new constitution to the plotters' specifications.
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1078:, who was Napoleon's nephew. Marx considered Napoleon III a trifling politician compared to his world-shaking uncle, as expressed in Marx's oft-quoted opening
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129:
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The
Ancients passed a decree that adjourned the Councils for three months, appointed Napoleon, Sieyès, and Ducos provisional consuls, and named the
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1659:
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275:, a member of the five-man ruling Directory, the dominant figure in the government. France's military situation improved following the
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1346:. Translated by Eden, Paul; Cedar, Paul (2nd ed.). London, United Kingdom of Great Britain: Unwin Brothers, Ltd. pp. 53–164
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falsely persuaded the
Councils that a Jacobin coup was at hand in Paris, and induced them to depart for the safety of the suburban
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906:
305:, believed themselves capable of governing France. Napoleon worked on the feelings of all, keeping secret his own intentions.
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1626:
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929:. While perhaps unplanned, this proved to be the coup within the coup: from this point, this was a military affair.
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referring to earlier parliamentary coups, "The Constitution! You yourselves have destroyed it. You violated it on
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910:
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3136:
2850:
2757:
2741:
2425:
2241:
2184:
2099:
1804:
1643:
1306:
942:
879:. Napoleon was charged with the safety of the two Councils and given command of all available local troops.
864:
317:
276:
268:
1451:
283:
faction. When Napoleon returned to France on 9 October, both factions hailed him as the country's saviour.
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218:
47:
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marched into the Orangerie and dispersed the council. This was effectively the end of the Directory.
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2015:
1967:
1788:
1263:
5407:
4335:
4152:
3914:
3787:
3344:
1635:
1232:
267:, France suffered a series of reverses on the battlefield in the spring and summer of 1799. The
916:
In contrast to the Directory, the two Councils were not yet intimidated and continued meeting.
909:, continued to protest furiously. Both men were arrested on day two by Napoleon's ally General
30:"Eighteenth Brumaire" redirects here. For Karl Marx's essay about the French coup of 1851, see
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1958:
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293:
Probably the weightiest possible obstacles to a coup were in the army. Some generals, such as
252:
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1984:
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1514:
1411:
959:
depicting Napoleon and his grenadiers driving the Council of Five Hundred from the Orangerie
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232:
206:
179:
149:
144:
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255:
declared war on France on 12 March 1799, emergency measures were adopted and the pro-war
235:, replacing it with the French Consulate. This occurred on 9 November 1799, which was 18
1019:", the first of the constitutions since the Revolution without a Declaration of Rights.
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and thus practically abolished the five-man Directory, but the two Jacobin Directors,
279:. As the prospect of invasion receded, the Jacobins feared a revival of the pro-peace
5469:
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4612:
4482:
4300:
4107:
4077:
3919:
3815:
3707:
3268:
3211:
1415:
1390:
1380:
1299:
969:
956:
818:
312:. The plan was, first, to persuade the Directors to resign, then, second, to get the
298:
43:
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4507:
4462:
4290:
4172:
3964:
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186:
897:
The resignation of three of the five Directors on day one of the coup prevented a
1338:
5370:
4793:
4600:
4502:
4360:
4250:
4027:
3997:
3298:
3146:
2466:
2259:
998:
891:
883:
287:
139:
134:
17:
189:, a position Bonaparte was to hold, had the most power in the French government
4406:
4245:
4113:
3861:
3216:
1691:
1277:
1431:
1399:. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 154–171.
1262:
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1742:
1258:
1054:
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1041:
were relegated to unimportant roles. It led ultimately to the rise of the
4724:
4588:
4583:
4522:
4401:
4275:
3041:
2056:
1037:
332:
280:
256:
236:
202:
119:
1080:
1105:"French Revolution Timeline: 1795 to 1799 (The Directory) - ThoughtCo"
898:
1457:
1268:
3590:
1379:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
988:
947:
886:
resigned as Directors. The now former Minister of Foreign Affairs
855:
309:
27:
1799 coup in Revolutionary France that brought Napoleon to power
4697:
4544:
4439:
3629:
2979:
2225:
1584:
1461:
3656:
François Alexandre Frédéric, duc de la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt
3470:
913:, and by the following day, they were compelled to surrender.
817:
263:. With Napoleon and the republic's best army engaged in the
4693:
867:, who engineered the coup that brought his brother to power
308:
Before the coup, troops were conveniently deployed around
1029:
allowed him to rule by decree, so the more independent
1178:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1135:
4386:
List of people associated with the French Revolution
1328:. Vol. II: from 1793 to 1799. pp. 252–256.
5356:
5284:
5200:
5037:
4868:
4758:
4618:
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
4394:
4228:
4221:
4106:
3963:
3885:
3796:
3689:
3636:
3587:
3552:
3522:
3497:
3454:
3328:
3319:
3297:
3002:
2986:
2944:
2907:
2862:
2769:
2716:
2647:
2517:
2491:
2408:
2305:
2232:
2177:
2158:
2131:
2068:
2004:
1899:
1832:
1781:
1735:
1708:
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
1618:
1591:
170:
113:
103:
95:
1298:
1276:. New York, New York: Die Revolution – via
3544:Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen
890:, a close ally of Napoleon, pressured Director
213:. In the view of most historians, it ended the
1586:Significant civil and political events by year
4709:
1473:
8:
4639:
4598:
4574:
4555:
3539:Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick
59:
1301:The Oxford History of the French Revolution
945:. It no longer has the respect of anyone."
185:adoption of a constitution under which the
4716:
4702:
4694:
4541:
4436:
4225:
3743:Alexandre-Théodore-Victor, comte de Lameth
3626:
3325:
2999:
2976:
2222:
1581:
1480:
1466:
1458:
1060:The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte
1001:on the evening of 18 Brumaire, An VIII by
72:
58:
33:The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte
4008:Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau
3666:Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau
3489:Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany
1271:The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon
1724:Nationalization of the Church properties
1194:
325:
4669:Historiography of the French Revolution
3940:Antoine Christophe Merlin de Thionville
3651:Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette
1218:
1149:
1096:
271:(18 June) ousted the Jacobins and left
4947:Planned invasion of the United Kingdom
3676:Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-PĂ©rigord
3631:Other significant figures and factions
1206:
1121:
1110:
888:Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-PĂ©rigord
286:Dazzled by Napoleon's campaign in the
3723:François-Marie, marquis de Barthélemy
3479:James Saumarez, 1st Baron de Saumarez
3418:Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
3376:Friedrich Adolf, Count von Kalckreuth
1856:Paris Commune becomes insurrectionary
1182:
1161:
7:
5481:1799 events of the French Revolution
5452:
3877:Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux
3289:Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno
2076:Insurrection of 12 Germinal Year III
1239:from the original on 18 January 2008
3484:Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth
5089:French campaign in Egypt and Syria
4674:Influence of the French Revolution
4664:Symbolism in the French Revolution
3428:Prince Heinrich XV of Reuss-Plauen
3389:Charles Eugene, Prince of Lambesc
1644:Convocation of the Estates General
1305:(2nd ed.). Oxford; New York:
239:, Year VIII under the short-lived
25:
5388:"China is a sleeping giant" quote
4316:Guillaume-Chrétien de Malesherbes
4048:Antoine Quentin Fouquier-Tinville
3350:Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen
3132:François Christophe de Kellermann
2371:Battle of Peyrestortes (Pyrenees)
1385:Holland, Arthur William (1911). "
1359:Rapport, Michael (January 1998).
241:French Republican calendar system
5451:
5443:
5442:
4859:
4043:Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai
3950:Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours
3920:Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot
3811:Jean-Marie Roland de la Platière
3589:
3554:
3524:
3499:
3456:
3330:
3207:Édouard Mortier, Duke of Trévise
2988:
1760:Civil Constitution of the Clergy
1445:
1372:
852:Events of 18 Brumaire, Year VIII
155:Jean Jacques Régis de Cambacérès
5330:Napoleon as Mars the Peacemaker
4381:Jean-Jacques Duval d'Eprémesnil
4128:Jacques-Nicolas Billaud-Varenne
4053:Philippe-François-Joseph Le Bas
3264:Jean-Mathieu-Philibert SĂ©rurier
3259:Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer
3239:Catherine-Dominique de PĂ©rignon
3067:Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine
1985:Marie Antoinette is guillotined
882:Later that morning, Sieyès and
871:On the morning of 18 Brumaire,
4654:Women in the French Revolution
4256:Louis Antoine, Duke of Enghien
3433:Johann Mészáros von Szoboszló
3097:Pierre Marie Barthélemy Ferino
2726:French invasion of Switzerland
1063:about a much later event, the
1:
4659:Incroyables and merveilleuses
4478:Pierre Claude François Daunou
4266:Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé
3397:Maximilian Baillet de Latour
3368:Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze
2665:Naval Engagement off Brittany
2418:Battle of Villers-en-Cauchies
2392:Battle of Truillas (Pyrenees)
2201:Constitution of the Year VIII
1936:Committee of General Security
1821:National Legislative Assembly
1676:National Constituent Assembly
1233:"The Myth of the 18 Brumaire"
1017:Constitution of the Year VIII
78:General Bonaparte during the
4577:Liberté, égalité, fraternité
4371:Charles Alexandre de Calonne
4261:Louis Henri, Prince of Condé
4158:Jean Baptiste Noël Bouchotte
4058:Marc-Guillaume Alexis Vadier
3748:Charles Malo François Lameth
3423:Peter Vitus von Quosdanovich
3254:Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr
3197:Bon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey
2397:Second Battle of Wissembourg
2084:Constitution of the Year III
907:Jean-François-Auguste Moulin
665:
534:
403:
86:in Saint-Cloud, painting by
5123:War of the Fourth Coalition
4473:Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
4098:Antoine Christophe Saliceti
4033:Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois
3993:Louis Antoine de Saint-Just
3872:Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet
3857:JĂ©rĂ´me PĂ©tion de Villeneuve
3852:Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud
3661:Isaac René Guy le Chapelier
3514:William V, Prince of Orange
2384:First Battle of Wissembourg
2341:(21 Dec 1792 - 25 May 1793)
2057:Closing of the Jacobin Club
1926:(27 Jun 1793 – 27 Jul 1794)
1883:(20 Sep 1792 – 26 Oct 1795)
1743:Abolition of the Parlements
1716:Women's March on Versailles
1235:. H-France Napoleon Forum.
253:Habsburg-controlled Austria
217:and would soon lead to the
66:Coup d'État du 18e Brumaire
5527:
5486:French Republican calendar
5432:Symphony No. 3 (Beethoven)
5297:Column of the Grande Armée
5159:War of the Sixth Coalition
5135:War of the Fifth Coalition
5111:War of the Third Coalition
4608:French Republican calendar
4163:Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel
3788:Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac
3142:Pierre Choderlos de Laclos
3092:Charles François Dumouriez
3082:Jacques François Dugommier
2896:League of Armed Neutrality
2729:(28 January – 17 May 1798)
2681:Battle of the Bay of Cádiz
2504:(22 Nov 1794 - 7 Jun 1795)
2483:(22 Nov 1794 - 7 Jun 1795)
2147:Second Congress of Rastatt
1931:Committee of Public Safety
1918:(9 Mar 1793 – 31 May 1795)
1361:"Napoleon's rise to power"
1337:. In Allen, George (ed.).
1324:Lefebvre, Georges (1964).
953:Exit liberté à la François
130:Charles-Maurice Talleyrand
29:
5501:18th-century coups d'Ă©tat
5440:
5262:Saint-Domingue expedition
5147:French invasion of Russia
5048:French Revolutionary Wars
4857:
4731:
4623:Cult of the Supreme Being
4551:
4540:
4446:
4435:
3783:Pierre Paul Royer-Collard
3638:Patriotic Society of 1789
3625:
3441:Karl Philipp Sebottendorf
3363:Karl Aloys zu FĂĽrstenberg
2975:
2880:Convention of Alessandria
2221:
2166:Law of 22 Floréal Year VI
1627:What Is the Third Estate?
1580:
1495:
668:
537:
406:
331:
259:faction triumphed in the
71:
5476:Military coups in France
5175:Battle of Arcis-sur-Aube
4771:Joséphine de Beauharnais
4331:Gui-Jean-Baptiste Target
4296:Joséphine de Beauharnais
4178:Stanislas-Marie Maillard
4148:François-Nicolas Vincent
4133:Pierre Gaspard Chaumette
3307:Charles-Alexandre Linois
3202:Jean Victor Marie Moreau
3182:François Séverin Marceau
3162:François Joseph Lefebvre
3057:Jean-Étienne Championnet
3032:Louis-Alexandre Berthier
3027:Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte
3022:Alexandre de Beauharnais
3012:Eustache Charles d'Aoust
2734:French Invasion of Egypt
2612:Second Battle of Bassano
2346:Battle of Kaiserslautern
2120:Conspiracy of the Equals
1813:The Constitution of 1791
1684:Storming of the Bastille
1424:Routledge and Kegan Paul
911:Jean Victor Marie Moreau
303:Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte
265:Egypt and Syria campaign
5307:Palace of Fontainebleau
4311:Jacques-Donatien Le Ray
4183:Charles-Philippe Ronsin
4143:Antoine-François Momoro
4138:Charles-Philippe Ronsin
3955:François de Neufchâteau
3905:Charles-François Lebrun
3847:Jean Baptiste Treilhard
3728:Guillaume-Mathieu Dumas
3604:Luis Firmin de Carvajal
3410:Rudolf Ritter von Otto
3405:Karl Mack von Leiberich
3037:Jean-Baptiste Bessières
2851:Second Battle of Zurich
2742:Irish Rebellion of 1798
2588:First Battle of Bassano
2426:Second Battle of Boulou
2227:Revolutionary campaigns
2185:Coup of 30 Prairial VII
2100:Council of Five Hundred
1888:First republic declared
1824:(1 Oct 1791 – Sep 1792)
1805:Declaration of Pillnitz
1529:Constitutional monarchy
1396:Encyclopædia Britannica
1335:"Book Two: The Torrent"
1307:Oxford University Press
1231:Crook, Malcolm (1999).
1120:Cite magazine requires
865:Council of Five Hundred
318:Council of Five Hundred
277:Second Battle of Zurich
269:Coup of 30 Prairial VII
160:Charles François Lebrun
5095:Battle of the Pyramids
4900:Assassination attempts
4802:Carlo Maria Buonaparte
4640:
4599:
4575:
4556:
4068:Prieur de la CĂ´te-d'Or
4063:Jean-Pierre-André Amar
3973:Maximilien Robespierre
3806:Jacques Pierre Brissot
3671:Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès
3102:Louis-Charles de Flers
3087:Thomas-Alexandre Dumas
3052:Jean François Carteaux
2827:First Battle of Zurich
2790:(20 Mar – 21 May 1799)
2745:(23 May – 23 Sep 1798)
2705:Treaty of Campo Formio
2451:Glorious First of June
2379:(18 Sep – 18 Dec 1793)
2338:Expedition to Sardinia
2016:Desmoulins guillotined
1951:Assassination of Marat
1943:Fall of the Girondists
1915:Revolutionary Tribunal
1907:Execution of Louis XVI
1797:Champ de Mars massacre
1700:Abolition of Feudalism
1387:French Revolution, The
1010:Completion of the coup
1006:
960:
955:(1799), caricature by
877:Château de Saint-Cloud
868:
823:
273:Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès
219:coronation of Napoleon
125:Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès
108:Château de Saint-Cloud
53:considered for merging
4513:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3778:Jean-Charles Pichegru
3758:Jean-François Rewbell
3244:Jean-Charles Pichegru
3127:Jean-Baptiste Jourdan
3117:Jacques Maurice Hatry
2888:Battle of Hohenlinden
2761:(12 Oct – 5 Dec 1798)
2596:Battle of Emmendingen
2543:Battle of Castiglione
2430:(30 Apr – 1 May 1794)
2361:Battle of Hondschoote
2032:Thermidorian Reaction
1996:(throughout the year)
1769:Fête de la Fédération
1695:(20 Jul – 5 Aug 1789)
1679:(9 Jul – 30 Sep 1791)
1663:(17 Jun – 9 Jul 1790)
1333:Ludwig, Emil (1927).
1326:The French Revolution
992:
951:
941:; you violated it on
937:; you violated it on
920:Events of 19 Brumaire
859:
821:
295:Jean-Baptiste Jourdan
5117:Battle of Austerlitz
4974:Weaponry and warfare
4441:Influential thinkers
4188:Jean-François Varlet
4088:Jean-Lambert Tallien
4083:Jean Bon Saint-André
3910:Pierre-Joseph Cambon
3832:Marquis de Condorcet
3681:Nicolas de Condorcet
3446:Dagobert von Wurmser
3279:Louis-Gabriel Suchet
3222:Pierre-Jacques Osten
3137:Jean-Baptiste Kléber
3072:Louis-Nicolas Davout
3062:Chapuis de Tourville
2604:Battle of Schliengen
2551:Battle of Theiningen
2472:Battle of Aldenhoven
2356:Battle of Wattignies
2325:Battle of Neerwinden
2139:Coup of 18 Fructidor
1652:Death of the Dauphin
1454:at Wikimedia Commons
5376:Cultural depictions
5170:Battle of Vauchamps
4890:Coup of 18 Brumaire
4749:First French Empire
4528:Mary Wollstonecraft
4306:Jean Sylvain Bailly
4093:Pierre Louis Prieur
4038:Jean-Henri Voulland
4013:Jacques-Louis David
3945:Jean Joseph Mounier
3646:Jean Sylvain Bailly
3284:Belgrand de Vaubois
3172:Jean-Antoine Marbot
3112:Emmanuel de Grouchy
2917:Treaty of Lunéville
2556:Battle of Neresheim
2501:Siege of Luxembourg
2480:Siege of Luxembourg
2435:Battle of Tourcoing
2366:Siege of Bellegarde
2193:Coup of 18 Brumaire
2105:Council of Ancients
1880:National Convention
1872:September Massacres
1848:Brunswick Manifesto
1840:France declares war
1607:Assembly of Vizille
1043:First French Empire
995:Salle des Cinq-Cent
903:Louis-JĂ©rĂ´me Gohier
863:, President of the
314:Council of Ancients
199:Coup of 18 Brumaire
68:
5414:Retour des cendres
5393:German Romanticism
5343:Rue de la Victoire
5257:Law of 20 May 1802
5192:Battle of Waterloo
5153:Battle of Borodino
4841:Caroline Bonaparte
4789:Alexandre Walewski
4366:Loménie de Brienne
4341:Madame de Lamballe
4276:Napoléon Bonaparte
4073:Prieur de la Marne
3988:Camille Desmoulins
3842:Marie Jean HĂ©rault
3718:Jean-Sifrein Maury
3713:Arnaud de La Porte
3569:Alexander Korsakov
3355:Count of Clerfayt
3274:Jean-de-Dieu Soult
3187:Auguste de Marmont
3042:Napoléon Bonaparte
2933:Algeciras campaign
2925:Treaty of Florence
2803:Battle of Stockach
2636:Ireland expedition
2620:Battle of Calliano
2580:Battle of Rovereto
2572:Battle of WĂĽrzburg
2024:Law of 22 Prairial
1993:Anti-clerical laws
1968:The Death of Marat
1789:Flight to Varennes
1026:SĂ©nat conservateur
1007:
961:
869:
824:
301:; others, such as
203:Napoleon Bonaparte
120:Napoleon Bonaparte
5496:Conflicts in 1799
5463:
5462:
5358:Legacy and memory
5302:Equestrian statue
5285:Homes and honours
5213:Concordat of 1801
5165:Battle of Leipzig
5141:Battle of EckmĂĽhl
5105:Battle of Marengo
5078:Battle of Bassano
5060:French Revolution
4942:Sale of Louisiana
4846:Pauline Bonaparte
4691:
4690:
4687:
4686:
4565:Cockade of France
4536:
4535:
4498:Antoine Lavoisier
4488:Benjamin Franklin
4468:Anacharsis Cloots
4431:
4430:
4427:
4426:
4351:Louis de Breteuil
4193:Theophile Leclerc
3621:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3574:Alexander Suvorov
3315:
3314:
3249:JĂłzef Poniatowski
3167:Étienne Macdonald
2971:
2970:
2872:Battle of Marengo
2835:Battle of Trebbia
2819:Battle of Cassano
2811:Battle of Magnano
2795:Battle of Ostrach
2697:Battle of Neuwied
2459:Battle of Fleurus
2443:Battle of Tournay
2320:War in the Vendée
2256:Royalist Revolts
2217:
2216:
1774:
1750:Abolition of the
1668:Tennis Court Oath
1660:National Assembly
1489:French Revolution
1450:Media related to
1412:Lefebvre, Georges
1316:978-0-1992-5298-5
1264:"Chapter I"
849:
848:
845:
844:
793:
792:
788:21 November 1799
776:20 November 1799
764:19 November 1799
752:18 November 1799
740:17 November 1799
728:16 November 1799
716:15 November 1799
704:14 November 1799
692:13 November 1799
680:12 November 1799
662:
661:
657:11 November 1799
645:10 November 1799
531:
530:
400:
399:
225:. This bloodless
215:French Revolution
195:
194:
16:(Redirected from
5518:
5506:French Consulate
5455:
5454:
5446:
5445:
5381:Napoleon complex
5323:Maison Bonaparte
5277:
5247:Organic Articles
5083:Battle of Rivoli
5039:Battles and wars
5023:
5009:
4958:Mesures usuelles
4886:
4863:
4833:JĂ©rĂ´me Bonaparte
4823:Lucien Bonaparte
4818:Joseph Bonaparte
4810:Letizia Ramolino
4718:
4711:
4704:
4695:
4645:
4633:Temple of Reason
4604:
4580:
4561:
4542:
4493:Thomas Jefferson
4437:
4356:de Chateaubriand
4286:Joseph Bonaparte
4281:Lucien Bonaparte
4271:Marie Antoinette
4226:
4213:Sylvain Maréchal
4168:François Hanriot
4003:Louis Philippe I
3930:Louis Philippe I
3925:Philippe Égalité
3867:Olympe de Gouges
3837:Charlotte Corday
3827:Étienne Clavière
3627:
3609:Antonio Ricardos
3594:
3593:
3579:Andrei Rosenberg
3559:
3558:
3529:
3528:
3504:
3503:
3474:Ralph Abercromby
3461:
3460:
3436:
3413:
3400:
3392:
3384:
3371:
3358:
3335:
3334:
3326:
3230:
3177:Marcellin Marbot
3000:
2993:
2992:
2981:Military leaders
2977:
2964:
2956:
2952:Treaty of Amiens
2937:
2929:
2921:
2900:
2892:
2884:
2876:
2855:
2854:(25–26 Sep 1799)
2847:
2839:
2838:(17–20 Jun 1799)
2831:
2823:
2822:(27–28 Apr 1799)
2815:
2807:
2799:
2798:(20–21 Mar 1799)
2791:
2783:
2779:Second Coalition
2762:
2754:
2746:
2738:
2730:
2709:
2701:
2693:
2689:Treaty of Leoben
2685:
2677:
2676:(14–15 Jan 1797)
2673:Battle of Rivoli
2669:
2661:
2657:Italian campaign
2640:
2632:
2631:(15–17 Nov 1796)
2628:Battle of Arcole
2624:
2616:
2608:
2600:
2592:
2584:
2576:
2568:
2564:Battle of Amberg
2560:
2547:
2539:
2535:Battle of Lonato
2531:
2527:Italian campaign
2505:
2484:
2476:
2463:
2455:
2447:
2439:
2431:
2422:
2401:
2400:(26–27 Dec 1793)
2388:
2380:
2342:
2334:
2330:Battle of Famars
2298:
2223:
2205:
2197:
2189:
2170:
2151:
2143:
2124:
2116:
2096:
2088:
2080:
2061:
2053:
2045:
2036:
2028:
2020:
1997:
1989:
1981:
1973:
1963:
1955:
1947:
1927:
1919:
1911:
1892:
1884:
1876:
1868:
1860:
1852:
1844:
1825:
1817:
1809:
1801:
1793:
1792:(20–21 Jun 1791)
1772:
1764:
1756:
1747:
1728:
1720:
1712:
1704:
1696:
1688:
1680:
1672:
1664:
1656:
1648:
1640:
1632:
1611:
1603:
1599:Day of the Tiles
1582:
1482:
1475:
1468:
1459:
1449:
1435:
1400:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1368:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1345:
1329:
1320:
1304:
1282:
1281:
1275:
1266:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1228:
1222:
1216:
1210:
1204:
1198:
1192:
1186:
1180:
1165:
1159:
1153:
1147:
1130:
1129:
1123:
1118:
1116:
1108:
1101:
978:Corps législatif
894:to do the same.
873:Lucien Bonaparte
861:Lucien Bonaparte
797:
796:
789:
777:
765:
753:
741:
729:
717:
705:
693:
681:
666:
658:
646:
634:
633:9 November 1799
622:
621:8 November 1799
610:
609:7 November 1799
598:
597:6 November 1799
586:
585:5 November 1799
574:
573:4 November 1799
562:
561:3 November 1799
550:
549:2 November 1799
535:
527:
526:1 November 1799
515:
514:31 October 1799
503:
502:30 October 1799
491:
490:29 October 1799
479:
478:28 October 1799
467:
466:27 October 1799
455:
454:26 October 1799
443:
442:25 October 1799
431:
430:24 October 1799
419:
418:23 October 1799
404:
343:
342:
326:
150:Joseph Bonaparte
145:Lucien Bonaparte
88:François Bouchot
76:
69:
63:of 18th Brumaire
56:
21:
18:18 Brumaire coup
5526:
5525:
5521:
5520:
5519:
5517:
5516:
5515:
5466:
5465:
5464:
5459:
5436:
5398:Napoleonic Code
5352:
5348:Warsaw monument
5292:Arc de Triomphe
5280:
5271:
5235:Infamous Decree
5230:Grand Sanhedrin
5208:Catholic Church
5196:
5187:Battle of Ligny
5129:Battle of Eylau
5054:Siege of Toulon
5033:
5017:
5003:
4931:Napoleonic Wars
4880:
4878:Stay in Auxonne
4870:Life and career
4864:
4855:
4851:Elisa Bonaparte
4828:Louis Bonaparte
4754:
4753:
4727:
4722:
4692:
4683:
4558:La Marseillaise
4547:
4546:Cultural impact
4532:
4442:
4423:
4390:
4346:Madame du Barry
4336:Catherine Théot
4326:Thérésa Tallien
4217:
4208:Gracchus Babeuf
4153:François Chabot
4110:
4102:
4023:Georges Couthon
4018:Marquis de Sade
3983:Jean-Paul Marat
3959:
3915:Bertrand Barère
3881:
3792:
3773:Boissy d'Anglas
3768:Madame de Staël
3733:Antoine Barnave
3701:
3694:
3685:
3632:
3613:
3588:
3583:
3553:
3548:
3523:
3518:
3498:
3493:
3455:
3450:
3434:
3411:
3398:
3390:
3382:
3369:
3356:
3345:JĂłzsef Alvinczi
3329:
3311:
3293:
3234:Nicolas Oudinot
3224:
3157:Claude Lecourbe
3152:Charles Leclerc
3047:Guillaume Brune
3017:Pierre Augereau
2987:
2982:
2967:
2962:
2960:Treaty of Paris
2954:
2940:
2935:
2927:
2919:
2903:
2898:
2890:
2882:
2874:
2858:
2853:
2845:
2837:
2829:
2821:
2813:
2805:
2797:
2789:
2781:
2765:
2760:
2752:
2744:
2736:
2728:
2712:
2707:
2699:
2691:
2683:
2675:
2667:
2659:
2643:
2638:
2630:
2622:
2614:
2606:
2598:
2590:
2582:
2574:
2566:
2558:
2545:
2537:
2529:
2513:
2503:
2487:
2482:
2474:
2461:
2453:
2445:
2437:
2429:
2420:
2404:
2399:
2386:
2378:
2376:Siege of Toulon
2340:
2332:
2315:First Coalition
2301:
2292:
2228:
2213:
2203:
2195:
2187:
2173:
2168:
2154:
2149:
2141:
2127:
2122:
2114:
2094:
2086:
2078:
2064:
2059:
2051:
2043:
2034:
2026:
2018:
2000:
1995:
1987:
1979:
1977:Law of Suspects
1971:
1961:
1953:
1945:
1925:
1923:Reign of Terror
1917:
1909:
1895:
1890:
1882:
1874:
1866:
1858:
1850:
1842:
1828:
1823:
1815:
1807:
1799:
1791:
1777:
1762:
1754:
1745:
1731:
1726:
1718:
1710:
1703:(4–11 Aug 1789)
1702:
1694:
1686:
1678:
1670:
1662:
1654:
1646:
1638:
1636:RĂ©veillon riots
1630:
1614:
1609:
1601:
1587:
1576:
1491:
1486:
1442:
1410:
1407:
1405:Further reading
1384:
1373:
1371:
1358:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1332:
1323:
1317:
1293:
1290:
1285:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1242:
1240:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1217:
1213:
1205:
1201:
1193:
1189:
1181:
1168:
1160:
1156:
1148:
1133:
1122:|magazine=
1119:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1072:Second Republic
1051:
1012:
987:
922:
854:
787:
786:
775:
774:
763:
762:
751:
750:
739:
738:
727:
726:
715:
714:
703:
702:
691:
690:
679:
678:
656:
655:
644:
643:
632:
631:
620:
619:
608:
607:
596:
595:
584:
583:
572:
571:
560:
559:
548:
547:
525:
524:
513:
512:
501:
500:
489:
488:
477:
476:
465:
464:
453:
452:
441:
440:
429:
428:
417:
416:
323:
261:April elections
249:
176:Coup successful
99:9 November 1799
91:
64:
57:
41:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5524:
5522:
5514:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5491:1799 in France
5488:
5483:
5478:
5468:
5467:
5461:
5460:
5441:
5438:
5437:
5435:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5423:
5422:
5417:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5384:
5383:
5373:
5368:
5366:Bank of France
5362:
5360:
5354:
5353:
5351:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5339:
5338:
5326:
5319:
5317:Longwood House
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5288:
5286:
5282:
5281:
5279:
5278:
5266:
5265:
5264:
5259:
5251:
5250:
5249:
5239:
5238:
5237:
5232:
5222:
5221:
5220:
5215:
5204:
5202:
5198:
5197:
5195:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5155:
5150:
5143:
5138:
5131:
5126:
5119:
5114:
5107:
5102:
5100:Siege of Jaffa
5097:
5092:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5073:Battle of Lodi
5070:
5067:13 Vendémiaire
5063:
5056:
5051:
5043:
5041:
5035:
5034:
5032:
5031:
5030:
5029:
5012:
5011:
5010:
4996:2nd abdication
4993:
4991:Route Napoléon
4988:
4987:
4986:
4979:1st abdication
4976:
4971:
4966:
4964:Looting of art
4961:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4927:
4926:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4904:Constitutions
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4874:
4872:
4866:
4865:
4858:
4856:
4854:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4812:
4804:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4778:
4773:
4764:
4762:
4756:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4746:
4745:
4744:
4737:Napoleonic era
4733:
4732:
4729:
4728:
4723:
4721:
4720:
4713:
4706:
4698:
4689:
4688:
4685:
4684:
4682:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4637:
4636:
4635:
4628:Cult of Reason
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4572:
4570:Flag of France
4567:
4562:
4552:
4549:
4548:
4545:
4538:
4537:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4525:
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4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4447:
4444:
4443:
4440:
4433:
4432:
4429:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4421:
4416:
4415:
4414:
4409:
4398:
4396:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4376:Jacques Necker
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4232:
4230:
4223:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4198:Claire Lacombe
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4123:Jacques HĂ©bert
4119:
4117:
4104:
4103:
4101:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3978:Georges Danton
3975:
3969:
3967:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3891:
3889:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3822:Henri Grégoire
3818:
3813:
3808:
3802:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3763:Camille Jordan
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3704:
3702:
3690:
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3407:
3402:
3394:
3386:
3378:
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3360:
3352:
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3341:
3339:
3323:
3317:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3310:
3309:
3303:
3301:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3008:
3006:
2997:
2984:
2983:
2980:
2973:
2972:
2969:
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2966:
2965:
2957:
2948:
2946:
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2930:
2922:
2913:
2911:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2893:
2885:
2877:
2868:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2848:
2843:Battle of Novi
2840:
2832:
2830:(4–7 Jun 1799)
2824:
2816:
2808:
2800:
2792:
2784:
2775:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2755:
2747:
2739:
2731:
2722:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2702:
2694:
2686:
2678:
2670:
2662:
2653:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2633:
2625:
2623:(6–7 Nov 1796)
2617:
2609:
2601:
2593:
2585:
2577:
2569:
2561:
2553:
2548:
2540:
2538:(3–4 Aug 1796)
2532:
2523:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2511:
2509:Peace of Basel
2506:
2497:
2495:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2485:
2477:
2469:
2464:
2456:
2448:
2440:
2432:
2423:
2414:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2394:
2389:
2381:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2351:Siege of Mainz
2348:
2343:
2335:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2311:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2287:
2282:
2280:Siege of Mainz
2277:
2272:
2271:
2270:
2267:
2262:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2238:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2226:
2219:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2206:
2198:
2190:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2162:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2144:
2135:
2133:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2117:
2112:13 Vendémiaire
2109:
2108:
2107:
2102:
2089:
2081:
2072:
2070:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2054:
2046:
2037:
2029:
2021:
2008:
2006:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1990:
1982:
1974:
1964:
1959:Levée en masse
1956:
1948:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1920:
1912:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1885:
1877:
1869:
1864:10th of August
1861:
1853:
1845:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1826:
1818:
1810:
1802:
1794:
1785:
1783:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1765:
1757:
1748:
1746:(Feb–Jul 1790)
1739:
1737:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1721:
1713:
1705:
1697:
1689:
1681:
1673:
1665:
1657:
1649:
1641:
1633:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1615:
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1612:
1604:
1595:
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1588:
1585:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1567:
1560:
1553:
1546:
1539:
1532:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1504:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1477:
1470:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1441:
1440:External links
1438:
1437:
1436:
1416:Soboul, Albert
1406:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1391:Chisholm, Hugh
1369:
1356:
1330:
1321:
1315:
1295:Doyle, William
1289:
1286:
1284:
1283:
1250:
1223:
1211:
1199:
1197:, p. 199.
1187:
1185:, p. 375.
1166:
1164:, p. 374.
1154:
1131:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1050:
1047:
1032:Conseil d'État
1011:
1008:
1003:Jacques Sablet
986:
983:
921:
918:
853:
850:
847:
846:
843:
842:
838:
837:
833:
832:
826:
825:
814:
813:
807:
806:
802:
801:
794:
791:
790:
783:
779:
778:
771:
767:
766:
759:
755:
754:
747:
743:
742:
735:
731:
730:
723:
719:
718:
711:
707:
706:
699:
695:
694:
687:
683:
682:
675:
671:
670:
663:
660:
659:
652:
648:
647:
640:
636:
635:
628:
624:
623:
616:
612:
611:
604:
600:
599:
592:
588:
587:
580:
576:
575:
568:
564:
563:
556:
552:
551:
544:
540:
539:
532:
529:
528:
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517:
516:
509:
505:
504:
497:
493:
492:
485:
481:
480:
473:
469:
468:
461:
457:
456:
449:
445:
444:
437:
433:
432:
425:
421:
420:
413:
409:
408:
401:
398:
397:
393:
392:
388:
387:
383:
382:
378:
377:
373:
372:
368:
367:
363:
362:
358:
357:
353:
352:
348:
347:
339:
338:
335:
330:
297:, believed in
248:
245:
231:overthrew the
193:
192:
191:
190:
183:
177:
172:
168:
167:
166:
165:
162:
157:
152:
147:
142:
137:
132:
127:
122:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
97:
93:
92:
77:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5523:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5473:
5471:
5458:
5449:
5439:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5415:
5411:
5410:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
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5391:
5389:
5386:
5382:
5379:
5378:
5377:
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5372:
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5367:
5364:
5363:
5361:
5359:
5355:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5337:
5334:
5333:
5332:
5331:
5327:
5325:
5324:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5312:Les Invalides
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5289:
5287:
5283:
5275:
5270:
5267:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5254:
5252:
5248:
5245:
5244:
5243:
5240:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5226:
5225:Jewish people
5223:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5210:
5209:
5206:
5205:
5203:
5199:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5182:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5160:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5148:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5136:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5124:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5112:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5090:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5068:
5064:
5062:
5061:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5049:
5045:
5044:
5042:
5040:
5036:
5028:
5025:
5024:
5021:
5016:
5013:
5007:
5002:
4999:
4998:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4985:
4982:
4981:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4959:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4932:
4928:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4884:
4879:
4876:
4875:
4873:
4871:
4867:
4862:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4757:
4750:
4747:
4743:
4740:
4739:
4738:
4735:
4734:
4730:
4726:
4719:
4714:
4712:
4707:
4705:
4700:
4699:
4696:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4644:
4643:
4642:Sans-culottes
4638:
4634:
4631:
4630:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4613:Metric system
4611:
4609:
4606:
4603:
4602:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4579:
4578:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4560:
4559:
4554:
4553:
4550:
4543:
4539:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4453:
4449:
4448:
4445:
4438:
4434:
4420:
4417:
4413:
4412:Panthéon Club
4410:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4403:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4393:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4301:Joachim Murat
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4227:
4224:
4220:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
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4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
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4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4120:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4109:
4105:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4078:Gilbert Romme
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3966:
3962:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3900:de Cambacérès
3898:
3896:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3888:
3884:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3819:
3817:
3816:Madame Roland
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3799:
3795:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3753:André Chénier
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3708:Grace Elliott
3706:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3699:
3693:
3688:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3643:
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5450: /
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5321:
5181:Hundred Days
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4784:Charles LĂ©on
4780:
4776:Marie Louise
4767:
4649:Phrygian cap
4594:Bastille Day
4508:Thomas Paine
4463:Edmund Burke
4458:Beaumarchais
4452:Les Lumières
4450:
4291:Joseph Fesch
4203:Pauline LĂ©on
4173:Jacques Roux
4112:
3696:
3122:Lazare Hoche
3107:Paul Grenier
3077:Louis Desaix
2936:(8 Jul 1801)
2920:(9 Feb 1801)
2891:(3 Dec 1800)
2814:(5 Apr 1799)
2615:(6 Nov 1796)
2591:(8 Sep 1796)
2583:(4 Sep 1796)
2575:(3 Sep 1796)
2546:(5 Aug 1796)
2475:(2 Oct 1794)
2454:(1 Jun 1794)
2196:(9 Nov 1799)
2192:
2142:(4 Sep 1797)
2079:(1 Apr 1795)
2049:White Terror
2042:guillotined
2019:(5 Apr 1794)
1966:
1946:(2 Jun 1793)
1816:(3 Sep 1791)
1767:
1727:(2 Nov 1789)
1719:(5 Oct 1789)
1647:(5 May 1789)
1625:
1602:(7 Jun 1788)
1569:
1562:
1555:
1548:
1541:
1534:
1527:
1520:
1513:
1506:
1499:
1419:
1394:
1364:
1348:. Retrieved
1339:
1325:
1300:
1270:
1253:
1241:. Retrieved
1226:
1219:Rapport 1998
1214:
1202:
1190:
1157:
1150:Holland 1911
1099:
1079:
1076:Napoleon III
1070:against the
1065:
1058:
1052:
1036:
1030:
1024:
1021:
1013:
994:
976:
974:
966:
962:
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935:18 Fructidor
931:
923:
915:
896:
881:
870:
829:
810:
322:
307:
292:
285:
250:
226:
207:First Consul
205:to power as
198:
196:
187:First Consul
114:Participants
83:
79:
65:
60:
46:
38:
32:
5371:Bonapartism
5272: [
5242:Protestants
5018: [
5004: [
4881: [
4794:Napoleon II
4518:Abbé Sieyès
4503:Montesquieu
4419:Social Club
4361:Jean Chouan
4251:Louis XVIII
4028:Roger Ducos
3998:Paul Barras
3965:Montagnards
3895:Abbé Sieyès
3698:monarchiens
3506:Netherlands
3435:(Hungarian)
3383:(Hungarian)
3299:French Navy
3225: [
3147:Jean Lannes
3004:French Army
2782:(1798–1802)
2753:(1798–1800)
2737:(1798–1801)
2467:Chouannerie
2428:(Pyrenees)
2293: [
2260:Chouannerie
2052:(Fall 1794)
2040:Robespierre
1452:18 Brumaire
1288:Works cited
1243:12 December
1207:Ludwig 1927
1066:coup d'Ă©tat
999:Saint-Cloud
943:30 Prairial
892:Paul Barras
884:Roger Ducos
288:Middle East
228:coup d'Ă©tat
182:established
140:Paul Barras
135:Roger Ducos
84:18 Brumaire
80:coup d'Ă©tat
61:Coup d'Ă©tat
42:‹ The
5470:Categories
5403:Propaganda
4937:Coronation
4407:Cordeliers
4321:Talleyrand
4246:Louis XVII
4108:HĂ©bertists
3862:Jean Debry
3692:Feuillants
3321:Opposition
3217:Michel Ney
2639:(Dec 1796)
2247:Thionville
2150:(Dec 1797)
2123:(May 1796)
2115:5 Oct 1795
2092:Directoire
1972:(painting)
1875:(Sep 1792)
1859:(Jun 1792)
1692:Great Fear
1631:(Jan 1789)
1522:Revolution
1422:. London:
1278:Wikisource
1259:Marx, Karl
1183:Doyle 1990
1162:Doyle 1990
1092:References
939:22 Floreal
927:grenadiers
841:Greenwich
5001:2nd exile
4984:1st exile
4895:Consulate
4815:Brothers:
4781:Children:
4241:Louis XVI
4236:Charles X
3887:The Plain
3798:Girondins
3738:Lafayette
3399:(Walloon)
3381:Pál Kray
3357:(Walloon)
2899:(1800–02)
2750:Quasi-War
2209:Consulate
2095:(1795–99)
1550:Consulate
1543:Directory
1432:668426465
1055:Karl Marx
1053:In 1852,
1005:, c. 1799
985:Aftermath
773:Wednesday
689:Wednesday
669:décade 6
594:Wednesday
538:décade 5
499:Wednesday
415:Wednesday
407:décade 4
371:Quintidi
366:Quartidi
233:Directory
180:Consulate
51:is being
5511:Napoleon
5448:Category
5253:Slavery
4838:Sisters:
4742:timeline
4725:Napoleon
4601:Panthéon
4589:Muscadin
4584:Marianne
4523:Voltaire
4402:Jacobins
4395:Factions
3935:Mirabeau
3391:(French)
2285:Jemappes
2269:Dauphiné
1752:Nobility
1564:Journals
1557:Glossary
1536:Republic
1508:Timeline
1418:(1962).
1340:Napoleon
1297:(1990).
1261:(1852).
1237:Archived
1038:Tribunat
830:04:19:20
822:Brumaire
811:1h86m58s
785:Thursday
725:Saturday
701:Thursday
630:Saturday
606:Thursday
546:Saturday
511:Thursday
451:Saturday
427:Thursday
381:Septidi
376:Sextidi
351:Primidi
333:Brumaire
316:and the
281:Royalist
237:Brumaire
201:brought
104:Location
55:. ›
44:template
5457:Commons
5427:Studies
4969:Tactics
4952:Holland
4807:Mother:
4799:Father:
4483:Diderot
4229:Figures
4114:Enragés
3820:Father
3531:Prussia
3463:Britain
3412:(Saxon)
3370:(Swiss)
3337:Austria
1393:(ed.).
1383::
1350:15 June
1081:bon mot
1068:of 1851
761:Tuesday
677:Tuesday
582:Tuesday
487:Tuesday
396:DĂ©cadi
391:Nonidi
386:Octidi
346:
257:Jacobin
247:Context
223:emperor
171:Outcome
4768:Wives:
4760:Family
4222:Others
3561:Russia
2995:France
2660:(1797)
2530:(1796)
2265:Vendée
2242:Verdun
2069:1795–6
2012:Danton
1571:Museum
1501:Causes
1430:
1389:". In
1377:
1313:
1273:
1057:wrote
1049:Legacy
899:quorum
805:Paris
749:Monday
737:Sunday
713:Friday
654:Monday
642:Sunday
618:Friday
570:Monday
558:Sunday
523:Friday
475:Monday
463:Sunday
439:Friday
361:Tridi
356:Duodi
251:After
211:France
164:others
90:, 1840
5420:Penis
5336:Milan
5276:]
5269:Women
5218:Tiara
5201:Views
5022:]
5015:Death
5008:]
4885:]
4679:Films
3596:Spain
3229:]
2297:]
2290:Namur
2275:Lille
2252:Valmy
1344:(PDF)
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