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1905 Barkston Ash by-election

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constituency, had grown tired of the Conservative government which had been in office for ten years. It was this swing of the pendulum, rather than the specific policy issues or personalities of the candidates, which was responsible for the Liberal victory – although the question of tariff reform was clearly an influential element in the result and the campaigning efforts of the Free Trade Union played their part in stimulating the electorate and getting them to the polls in greater numbers than their opponents.
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and hoped for Catholic voters to be sympathetic to Irish Home Rule in support of their co-religionists in Ireland although as the campaign wore on they became vulnerable to attack on the administration of the Education Act by the Liberal controlled West Riding County Council. The Tories looked to the
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called the election "a victory for Ireland" because "of the firmness with which (voters) refused to Abandon Ireland" and "have buried the infamous attempt to weaken Ireland by a Redistribution Bill." It was another indication of how the electorate across the country, even in such a traditional Tory
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had acquired a reputation for intelligent and effective electioneering on behalf of Liberal candidates and had moved some key organisers into the Barkston Ash constituency to offer support to Andrews and to campaign and produce literature and posters for him. The Liberals played the Free Trade card
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There was a strong mining community in the south of the constituency which traditionally supported the Liberals and a substantial suburban house-holder vote spreading out from Leeds, which together with the farmers and landowners could usually be relied upon to vote Conservative. This meant the
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was now seen as a prime election battleground. The Free Trade Union, founded in 1903 to safeguard the free import of food and raw materials and oppose the policy of protection as a barrier to good relations within the
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Government policy abroad gave the Liberals little to campaign on. There was a distinct strain of English patriotism in the Yorkshire character and the area had provided strong support over the fighting of the
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As the Commons were not sitting at the time of the by-election, Andrews was one of the few people in history to be elected to parliament but never to take their seat.
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agricultural labourers held the key to the result. Both candidates courted the votes of the rural worker, Andrews emphasising the value of Free Trade in keeping
2002: 1683: 491:. In 1903 they had lost five seats in by-elections, in 1904 another seven and six seats had been gained by the Liberals in by-elections so far in 1905. 189: 51: 41: 503:
had dominated political debate in earlier elections, the β€˜dumping’ of foreign goods on British markets and the struggle between tariff reformers and
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Although no tariff candidate entered the field, the issue of protectionism was one of the great issues of the day. Whereas the question of
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Because of ill health, Gunter had told his local party in 1903, that he would be standing down as MP. They had then selected 35 year old
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well-established local Catholic community to remain true to their family traditions and support the Conservative establishment.
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candidate, Henry Liversidge, would also stand. Earlier in 1905 he announced an intention to contest the next election as a
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Lane-Fox was returned to parliament three months later and the constituency remained in Tory hands thereafter.
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seat. It had been represented by Gunter since it was created in 1885. Gunter had been unopposed at the
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Museum. The Liberals gained Barkston Ash from the Conservatives by a majority of 228 votes.
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to fight the next general election. They adopted Andrews as their by-election candidate.
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By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in North Yorkshire constituencies
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Both candidates also, despite denials were keen to attract votes from the sizeable
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cheap whereas Lane-Fox appealed to the traditional conservatism of rural people.
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The result of the by-election was announced the following day in front of the
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The by-election was caused by the death, on 18 September 1905, of the sitting
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since June 1905 and had been unconscious for several days before his death.
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were being forced to work under conditions no better than those of slaves.
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The political tide seemed to be flowing against the Tory government of
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and a member of the West Riding County Council to be their candidate.
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or other candidate would be standing specifically on that issue.
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British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig
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Chronology of British Parliamentary By-elections 1833–1987
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British parliamentary election results 1885-1918 by Craig
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Sources in British Political History, 1900-1951 Volume 1
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held on 13 October 1905. The constituency returned one
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Gunter had been seriously ill with 7: 2003:1905 elections in the United Kingdom 1139:List of United Kingdom by-elections 1095:Monitor and New Era 20 October 1905 1144:United Kingdom by-election records 991:; Sidgwick & Jackson, 1971 p30 471:candidate, but on the platform of 14: 809: 776: 640: 605: 329: 294: 72: 25: 975:The Times, 25 September 1905 p9 927:The Times, 19 September 1905 p4 583:Barkston Ash by-election, 1905 463:There was speculation that an 1: 1125:The Times, 13 October 1905 p8 1116:The Times, 16 October 1905 p7 1079:John Hotchkiss Stewart Reid, 1070:The Times, 12 October 1905 p8 1061:The Times, 11 October 1905 p8 1052:The Times, 4 October 1905 p11 945:The Times, 9 October 1905 p11 19:1905 Barkston Ash by-election 1036:The Times 9 October 1905 p11 1027:The Times, 6 October 1905 p5 1005:The Times, 3 October 1905 p7 966:The Times, 22 September 1905 957:The Times, 12 April 1905 p5 2034: 1894: 1684:Dublin St Stephen's Green 867: 833: 770: 767: 764: 761: 702: 666: 599: 596: 593: 590: 389: 353: 288: 285: 282: 279: 196:Parliamentary by-election 140: 62: 35: 23: 1898:Lists of UK by-elections 338:Archibald William Scarr 245:Barkston Ash was a safe 1733:North East Lanarkshire 1578:Warwick and Leamington 1448:Liverpool East Toxteth 1322:North East Lanarkshire 1018:; Macmillan, 1975 p101 910:Craig, F.W.S. (1987). 745:1906 Liberal landslide 513:for all it was worth. 265: 752:General election 1906 730:Irish Nationalist MP 270:General election 1892 263: 251:1900 general election 1475:Liverpool West Derby 477:Tariff Reform League 200:Member of Parliament 1453:Orkney and Shetland 1421:East Worcestershire 1356:Sheffield Ecclesall 755: 584: 517:Agricultural labour 451:, a barrister from 273: 208:first past the post 20: 2018:1900s in Yorkshire 1750:West Monmouthshire 750: 582: 540:Education Act 1902 268: 266: 111:Popular vote 1985: 1984: 1793:Liverpool Everton 1552:St Andrews Burghs 1491:Dublin University 1304:Stratford-on-Avon 1283:Monmouth Boroughs 891: 890: 728: 727: 411: 410: 241:Electoral history 206:, elected by the 184: 183: 180: 179: 155:Sir Robert Gunter 136: 135: 58: 57: 2025: 1977:Hereditary peers 1972:Northern Ireland 1663:Birmingham South 1205: 1196: 1187: 1173: 1166: 1159: 1150: 1126: 1123: 1117: 1114: 1108: 1105: 1096: 1093: 1084: 1077: 1071: 1068: 1062: 1059: 1053: 1050: 1037: 1034: 1028: 1025: 1019: 1012: 1006: 1003: 992: 982: 976: 973: 967: 964: 958: 955: 946: 943: 937: 934: 928: 925: 916: 915: 907: 773: 756: 602: 585: 291: 274: 272:: Barkston Ash 143: 76: 64: 63: 37: 36: 30: 29: 28: 21: 2033: 2032: 2028: 2027: 2026: 2024: 2023: 2022: 1998:1905 in England 1988: 1987: 1986: 1981: 1890: 1759: 1619: 1512:North Fermanagh 1486:East Perthshire 1457: 1332: 1258: 1244:West Derbyshire 1206: 1201:28th Parliament 1197: 1188: 1183:26th Parliament 1179: 1177: 1135: 1130: 1129: 1124: 1120: 1115: 1111: 1106: 1099: 1094: 1087: 1078: 1074: 1069: 1065: 1060: 1056: 1051: 1040: 1035: 1031: 1026: 1022: 1013: 1009: 1004: 995: 983: 979: 974: 970: 965: 961: 956: 949: 944: 940: 935: 931: 926: 919: 909: 908: 904: 899: 789:George Lane-Fox 754:: Barkston Ash 741: 650:George Lane-Fox 573: 549: 547:Foreign affairs 532: 519: 501:Irish Home Rule 497: 485: 461: 445: 425:George Lane-Fox 421: 416: 243: 216: 210:voting system. 172: 170:George Lane-Fox 167: 157: 152: 150:before election 141: 47:13 October 1905 31: 26: 24: 12: 11: 5: 2031: 2029: 2021: 2020: 2015: 2013:Selby District 2010: 2005: 2000: 1990: 1989: 1983: 1982: 1980: 1979: 1974: 1969: 1964: 1959: 1954: 1949: 1944: 1939: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1919: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1895: 1892: 1891: 1889: 1888: 1882: 1876: 1871: 1865: 1860: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1838: 1833: 1828: 1823: 1818: 1812: 1806: 1801: 1795: 1790: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1767: 1765: 1761: 1760: 1758: 1757: 1752: 1746: 1744:Isle of Thanet 1740: 1735: 1730: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1708: 1703: 1698: 1692: 1686: 1681: 1676: 1671: 1665: 1660: 1655: 1653:City of London 1649: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1627: 1625: 1621: 1620: 1618: 1617: 1612: 1607: 1601: 1595: 1590: 1585: 1580: 1575: 1570: 1565: 1559: 1554: 1548: 1542: 1540:Barnard Castle 1536: 1531: 1525: 1519: 1514: 1509: 1504: 1499: 1493: 1488: 1483: 1477: 1472: 1465: 1463: 1459: 1458: 1456: 1455: 1450: 1445: 1439: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1418: 1413: 1407: 1401: 1395: 1390: 1384: 1379: 1377:South Monaghan 1373: 1371:North Kilkenny 1368: 1363: 1358: 1352: 1347: 1340: 1338: 1334: 1333: 1331: 1330: 1324: 1318: 1312: 1306: 1300: 1298:Saffron Walden 1295: 1290: 1285: 1279: 1273: 1266: 1264: 1260: 1259: 1257: 1256: 1254:North Monaghan 1251: 1246: 1241: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1214: 1212: 1208: 1207: 1178: 1176: 1175: 1168: 1161: 1153: 1147: 1146: 1141: 1134: 1131: 1128: 1127: 1118: 1109: 1097: 1085: 1072: 1063: 1054: 1038: 1029: 1020: 1007: 993: 977: 968: 959: 947: 938: 929: 917: 901: 900: 898: 895: 889: 888: 886: 883: 878: 866: 863: 862: 859: 856: 853: 847: 846: 841: 838: 835: 831: 830: 827: 824: 821: 819:Joseph Andrews 816: 811: 808: 807: 802: 797: 792: 785: 778: 775: 774: 769: 766: 763: 760: 740: 737: 732:T. P. 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Index

1900
1906

Andrews
Lane-Fox
Liberal
Conservative
MP
Sir Robert Gunter
Conservative
George Lane-Fox
Conservative
Barkston Ash
Parliamentary by-election
Member of Parliament
House of Commons of the United Kingdom
first past the post
Conservative
MP
Robert Gunter
neuritis
phlebitis
Tory
1900 general election
1895

General election 1892
Conservative
Robert Gunter
Liberal

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