608:
27:
929:
888:
346:
303:
527:
1939:
626:
as a candidate. This was in conflict with the electoral alliance that had existed between the
Liberal and Labour parties. However, the Labour Party National Executive persuaded the Labour candidate to withdraw. The
1186:
1209:
658:
The constituency included at least 2,000 Irish voters, mainly Roman
Catholics, who could normally be relied upon to vote Liberal. However, the Liberals banned the carrying of the Host in the
1883:
1179:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1205:
577:
250:
217:
51:
41:
1298:
1216:
1198:
1172:
665:
The SDF candidate antagonised the ILP and the local suffragists by refusing to pledge himself to oppose any future franchise reform restricted to manhood suffrage.
1914:
584:. He joined shipowners Pyman, Bell & Co as a clerk and then co-founded his own business, Fisher, Renwick & Co. He had particularly large interests in
1929:
850:
636:
1934:
1471:
846:
Shortt re-gained the seat from
Renwick at the following general election. Hartley returned to Bradford where he was again defeated at Bradford East;
1504:
1239:
1164:
1736:
1604:
1365:
439:
294:
231:
1562:
640:
227:
175:
1381:
1293:
265:
1615:
1542:
1498:
1326:
1244:
1893:
1741:
1720:
1594:
1320:
935:
601:
309:
79:
607:
631:, with the support of some local Independent Labour Party branches, then nominated their own candidate, 53-year-old Bradford man,
1768:
1704:
1699:
1635:
1625:
1609:
1589:
1482:
1413:
86:
72:
1784:
1763:
1746:
1725:
1493:
1461:
1445:
1386:
1332:
1260:
988:
711:
565:
405:
96:
1924:
1752:
1709:
1647:
1557:
1532:
1418:
1254:
1888:
1802:
1466:
1456:
1440:
1402:
1342:
1337:
1249:
223:
1779:
1693:
1552:
1315:
1309:
1265:
759:
628:
126:
1796:
1790:
1665:
1653:
1537:
1376:
1773:
1758:
1731:
1578:
1547:
1521:
1488:
1429:
1270:
1682:
1599:
1573:
1477:
1348:
1234:
644:
558:
1919:
1714:
1688:
1630:
1583:
1567:
1435:
1424:
1397:
1282:
619:
569:
1641:
1620:
1451:
1407:
1304:
1288:
1029:
983:
960:
816:
704:
573:
487:
446:
400:
377:
116:
1391:
1371:
965:
382:
1526:
1276:
659:
593:
581:
539:
235:
655:
Polling day was fixed for the 25 September 1908, just 22 days after the death of the previous MP.
1022:
879:
823:
736:
480:
337:
201:
186:
121:
662:
Procession in London earlier in the month, which was expected to cost them votes in
Newcastle.
1062:
920:
589:
542:
1070:
1034:
828:
623:
554:
492:
451:
764:
632:
106:
1940:
By-elections to the
Parliament of the United Kingdom in Northumberland constituencies
1908:
1082:
894:
798:
741:
550:
535:
504:
352:
246:
197:
182:
101:
78:
611:
546:
85:
71:
526:
869:
694:
284:
639:
at the last general election, finishing third. Before that he had fought
597:
585:
553:
in 1890 and practised on the North
Eastern Circuit. He had served as
606:
580:, serving from 1900 until his defeat in 1906. Renwick was born in
1168:
253:
since the 1906 general election. He died on 3 September 1908.
1117:. Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. p. 102.
1115:
Chronology of
British Parliamentary By-elections 1833–1987
226:
held on 25 September 1908. The constituency returned two
261:
The seat had been
Liberal since they gained it in 1906;
1158:
A Liberal
Chronicle: Journals and Papers of J.A. Pease
1674:
1513:
1357:
1226:
534:The local Liberal Association selected 46-year-old
1132:British parliamentary election results 1885-1918
170:
1140:
1138:
1180:
614:, suffragette, campaigning at the by-election
8:
18:
568:as their candidate. Renwick was elected to
1187:
1173:
1165:
848:
675:
643:at the 1895 general election and then the
263:
17:
1128:
1126:
1124:
525:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1105:
564:The Conservatives retained 58-year-old
677:Newcastle-upon-Tyne by-election, 1908
232:House of Commons of the United Kingdom
1210:28th Parliament of the United Kingdom
1081:
856:
797:
681:
503:
271:
7:
1915:1908 elections in the United Kingdom
249:had been Liberal MP for the seat of
19:1908 Newcastle-upon-Tyne by-election
1930:20th century in Newcastle upon Tyne
673:The Conservatives gained the seat;
602:Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson
588:, including the world's first ever
14:
538:to defend the seat. The son of a
1935:Elections in Newcastle upon Tyne
979:
956:
927:
915:
886:
874:
755:
732:
699:
396:
373:
344:
332:
301:
289:
84:
77:
70:
25:
1:
851:General election January 1910
266:General election January 1906
760:Social Democratic Federation
629:Social Democratic Federation
545:vicar, he was called to the
127:Social Democratic Federation
1299:St George's, Hanover Square
1956:
1811:
1061:
1045:
1021:
1003:
868:
865:
862:
859:
815:
781:
693:
690:
687:
684:
645:1902 Dewsbury by-election
479:
461:
438:
420:
283:
280:
277:
274:
224:Parliamentary by-election
168:
62:
35:
23:
1815:Lists of UK by-elections
1472:North West Staffordshire
620:Independent Labour Party
1505:Kingston upon Hull West
1113:Craig, F.W.S. (1987).
966:Walter Richard Plummer
615:
531:
383:Walter Richard Plummer
1925:September 1908 events
1737:Sheffield Attercliffe
1605:Manchester North West
1366:North East Derbyshire
635:. Hartley had fought
610:
590:floating repair docks
557:(part-time judge) of
529:
228:Members of Parliament
1563:West Carmarthenshire
660:Eucharistic Congress
1660:Newcastle-upon-Tyne
1382:North Monmouthshire
853:
678:
600:, which he sold to
582:Newcastle upon Tyne
578:Newcastle-upon-Tyne
540:Newcastle upon Tyne
268:
251:Newcastle-upon-Tyne
236:first past the post
218:Newcastle-upon-Tyne
20:
1616:Wolverhampton East
1543:Mid Glamorganshire
1499:Liverpool Kirkdale
1327:Mid Glamorganshire
1245:East Aberdeenshire
849:
676:
616:
532:
440:Labour Repr. Cmte.
295:Labour Repr. Cmte.
264:
133:Popular vote
1902:
1901:
1742:Stratford-on-Avon
1721:East Denbighshire
1595:Sheffield Central
1321:East Denbighshire
1097:
1096:
839:
838:
543:Church of England
519:
518:
257:Electoral history
234:, elected by the
212:
211:
208:
207:
164:
163:
58:
57:
47:25 September 1908
1947:
1894:Hereditary peers
1889:Northern Ireland
1221:
1212:
1203:
1189:
1182:
1175:
1166:
1159:
1156:
1145:
1142:
1133:
1130:
1119:
1118:
1110:
934:
931:
930:
893:
890:
889:
871:
854:
696:
679:
624:J. J. Stephenson
351:
348:
347:
308:
305:
304:
286:
269:
171:
88:
81:
74:
64:
63:
37:
36:
30:
29:
28:
21:
1955:
1954:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1945:
1944:
1920:1908 in England
1905:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1807:
1769:Dumfries Burghs
1705:Edinburgh South
1700:Glasgow Central
1670:
1636:Stirling Burghs
1626:Montrose Burghs
1610:Kincardineshire
1590:West Derbyshire
1509:
1483:Bury St Edmunds
1414:South Westmeath
1353:
1222:
1217:29th Parliament
1213:
1204:
1199:27th Parliament
1195:
1193:
1163:
1162:
1157:
1148:
1143:
1136:
1131:
1122:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1102:
932:
928:
891:
887:
844:
671:
653:
524:
349:
345:
306:
302:
259:
244:
238:voting system.
200:
195:
185:
180:
178:before election
169:
31:
26:
24:
12:
11:
5:
1953:
1951:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1907:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1805:
1799:
1793:
1787:
1785:South Kilkenny
1782:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1764:Mid Derbyshire
1761:
1755:
1749:
1747:Edinburgh West
1744:
1739:
1734:
1728:
1726:Edinburgh East
1723:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1696:
1691:
1685:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1668:
1662:
1656:
1650:
1644:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1529:
1524:
1517:
1515:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1501:
1496:
1494:South Longford
1491:
1485:
1480:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1462:South Kilkenny
1459:
1454:
1448:
1446:North Monaghan
1443:
1438:
1432:
1427:
1421:
1416:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1394:
1389:
1387:Aberdeen South
1384:
1379:
1374:
1368:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1351:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1329:
1323:
1318:
1312:
1307:
1301:
1296:
1294:City of London
1291:
1285:
1279:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1261:North Kilkenny
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1240:City of London
1237:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1223:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1184:
1177:
1169:
1161:
1160:
1146:
1134:
1120:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1068:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1032:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1001:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
989:George Renwick
986:
981:
978:
977:
974:
971:
968:
963:
958:
955:
954:
949:
944:
939:
924:
917:
914:
913:
908:
903:
898:
883:
876:
873:
872:
867:
864:
861:
858:
843:
840:
837:
836:
834:
831:
826:
814:
811:
810:
807:
804:
801:
795:
794:
789:
786:
783:
779:
778:
773:
770:
767:
765:Edward Hartley
762:
757:
754:
753:
750:
747:
744:
739:
734:
731:
730:
725:
720:
715:
712:George Renwick
708:
701:
698:
697:
692:
689:
686:
683:
670:
667:
652:
649:
633:Edward Hartley
618:The Newcastle
566:George Renwick
523:
520:
517:
516:
513:
510:
507:
501:
500:
498:
495:
490:
478:
475:
474:
469:
466:
463:
459:
458:
456:
454:
449:
437:
434:
433:
428:
425:
422:
418:
417:
414:
411:
408:
406:George Renwick
403:
398:
395:
394:
391:
388:
385:
380:
375:
372:
371:
366:
361:
356:
341:
334:
331:
330:
323:
318:
313:
298:
291:
288:
287:
282:
279:
276:
273:
258:
255:
243:
240:
210:
209:
206:
205:
190:
166:
165:
162:
161:
158:
155:
150:
146:
145:
142:
139:
134:
130:
129:
124:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
99:
94:
90:
89:
82:
75:
68:
60:
59:
56:
55:
49:
44:
33:
32:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1952:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1810:
1804:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1756:
1754:
1753:East Limerick
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1710:Hawick Burghs
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1673:
1667:
1663:
1661:
1657:
1655:
1651:
1649:
1648:Pembrokeshire
1645:
1643:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1558:North Leitrim
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1533:Carlow County
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1506:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1420:
1419:Belfast North
1417:
1415:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1356:
1350:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1256:
1255:North Leitrim
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1211:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1178:
1176:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1109:
1106:
1099:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1002:
998:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
975:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
937:
936:Walter Hudson
925:
923:
922:
918:
916:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
896:
895:Edward Shortt
884:
882:
881:
877:
875:
855:
852:
847:
841:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
821:
818:
813:
812:
808:
805:
802:
800:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
780:
777:
774:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
751:
748:
745:
743:
742:Edward Shortt
740:
738:
735:
733:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
713:
709:
707:
706:
702:
700:
680:
674:
668:
666:
663:
661:
656:
650:
648:
646:
642:
638:
637:Bradford East
634:
630:
625:
621:
613:
609:
605:
604:Ltd in 1903.
603:
599:
595:
594:Tyne Pontoons
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
562:
560:
556:
552:
551:Middle Temple
548:
544:
541:
537:
536:Edward Shortt
530:Edward Shortt
528:
521:
514:
511:
508:
506:
502:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
485:
482:
477:
476:
473:
470:
467:
464:
460:
457:
455:
453:
450:
448:
444:
441:
436:
435:
432:
429:
426:
423:
419:
415:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
392:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
354:
353:Thomas Cairns
342:
340:
339:
335:
333:
329:
328:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
311:
310:Walter Hudson
299:
297:
296:
292:
290:
270:
267:
262:
256:
254:
252:
248:
247:Thomas Cairns
241:
239:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
219:
204:
203:
199:
198:Edward Shortt
194:
193:Subsequent MP
191:
189:
188:
184:
183:Thomas Cairns
179:
177:
173:
172:
167:
159:
156:
154:
151:
148:
147:
143:
140:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
123:
120:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
103:
100:
98:
95:
92:
91:
87:
83:
80:
76:
73:
69:
66:
65:
61:
54: →
53:
50:
48:
45:
43:
40:←
39:
38:
34:
22:
16:
1884:2010–present
1803:South Armagh
1659:
1467:East Wicklow
1457:Colne Valley
1403:North Tyrone
1343:Huddersfield
1338:North Armagh
1250:North Galway
1215:
1206:By-elections
1197:
1114:
1108:
1065:
1030:Conservative
1025:
1013:
984:Conservative
961:Conservative
951:
946:
941:
926:
919:
910:
905:
900:
885:
878:
845:
819:
817:Conservative
791:
775:
727:
722:
717:
710:
705:Conservative
703:
672:
664:
657:
654:
617:
574:Conservative
563:
561:since 1907.
533:
488:Conservative
483:
471:
447:Conservative
442:
430:
401:Conservative
378:Conservative
368:
363:
358:
343:
336:
326:
325:
320:
315:
300:
293:
260:
245:
230:(MP) to the
215:
213:
196:
192:
181:
174:
152:
136:
117:Conservative
46:
15:
1789:September:
1780:North Sligo
1694:Forfarshire
1658:September:
1553:Leeds South
1487:September:
1316:Cockermouth
1310:East Tyrone
1266:Basingstoke
576:member for
572:in 1900 as
220:by-election
149:Percentage
1909:Categories
1801:November:
1797:Bermondsey
1791:West Clare
1687:February:
1666:Chelmsford
1664:December:
1654:Haggerston
1538:St Austell
1531:February:
1503:November:
1377:Banffshire
1370:February:
1347:December:
1331:November:
1233:February:
1100:References
860:Candidate
685:Candidate
570:Parliament
559:Sunderland
522:Candidates
275:Candidate
93:Candidate
1879:1979–2010
1874:1950–1979
1869:1931–1950
1864:1918–1931
1859:1900–1918
1854:1885–1900
1849:1868–1885
1844:1857–1868
1839:1847–1857
1834:1832–1847
1829:1818–1832
1824:1806–1818
1819:1801–1806
1795:October:
1774:High Peak
1759:Cleveland
1681:January:
1579:West Down
1548:Worcester
1522:Ashburton
1520:January:
1489:West Down
1430:Wimbledon
1364:January:
1325:October:
1271:Leicester
1144:Who's Who
1046:Majority
1004:Majority
842:Aftermath
782:Majority
622:selected
612:Una Duval
462:Majority
421:Majority
52:Jan. 1910
1778:August:
1683:Tamworth
1652:August:
1600:Dewsbury
1574:Hastings
1478:Anglesey
1476:August:
1349:Mid Cork
1314:August:
1235:Westbury
651:Campaign
641:Dewsbury
598:Wallsend
586:drydocks
555:Recorder
1719:April:
1715:Croydon
1698:March:
1689:Taunton
1631:Newport
1588:April:
1584:Peckham
1572:March:
1568:Bewdley
1441:Rutland
1436:Hornsey
1425:Stepney
1412:April:
1398:Halifax
1396:March:
1283:Dulwich
1275:April:
1259:March:
1214:»
1208:to the
1196:«
1087:65,015
1083:Turnout
1023:Liberal
993:13,928
970:14,067
942:18,241
901:18,779
880:Liberal
824:Liberal
803:28,554
799:Turnout
746:11,720
737:Liberal
718:13,863
549:at the
509:50,457
505:Turnout
481:Liberal
410:11,223
387:11,942
359:18,423
338:Liberal
316:18,869
242:Vacancy
202:Liberal
187:Liberal
141:11,720
122:Liberal
107:Hartley
97:Renwick
67:
1757:July:
1751:June:
1646:July:
1642:Pudsey
1640:June:
1621:Dundee
1452:Jarrow
1450:July:
1434:June:
1408:Hexham
1333:Galway
1305:Bodmin
1303:July:
1289:Eifion
1287:June:
1220:»
1202:«
1063:Labour
1049:4,313
1007:4,712
921:Labour
863:Votes
857:Party
785:2,143
769:2,971
752:+10.6
688:Votes
682:Party
669:Result
592:, the
515:+10.5
465:6,481
424:6,927
416:−10.4
278:Votes
272:Party
222:was a
160:10.4%
157:41.1%
144:2,971
137:13,863
113:Party
102:Shortt
1730:May:
1614:May:
1423:May:
1392:Brigg
1372:Perth
1281:May:
1093:+1.5
1090:86.1
1075:-2.9
1071:Swing
1055:−4.7
1039:-1.7
1035:Swing
1028:from
999:+2.8
996:21.4
976:+1.8
973:21.6
952:−3.1
947:28.0
911:−1.6
906:28.9
833:-1.8
829:Swing
822:from
809:−8.2
806:76.4
772:10.4
749:41.1
728:+7.1
723:48.5
512:84.6
497:+9.9
493:Swing
486:from
468:10.7
452:Swing
445:from
427:11.3
413:18.6
393:−9.9
390:19.8
369:+9.8
364:30.5
321:31.1
216:1908
153:48.5%
1732:Cork
1675:1909
1527:Ross
1514:1908
1358:1907
1227:1906
1066:hold
1052:6.6
1026:gain
1010:7.3
820:gain
788:7.4
484:gain
443:gain
214:The
42:1906
1277:Eye
1014:N/A
792:N/A
776:New
596:at
547:Bar
472:N/A
431:N/A
327:New
1911::
1149:^
1137:^
1123:^
870:±%
866:%
695:±%
691:%
647:.
285:±%
281:%
176:MP
1188:e
1181:t
1174:v
933:Y
892:Y
350:Y
307:Y
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