137:
The by-election was described in the press as quiet and lacking outward signs of public interest. The prosecution of the war was the only issue of the day and
Backhouse failed to capture the public imagination with many local men away serving in the armed forces. He often faced a hostile reception.
1970:
444:
421:
99:, to address them with a view to becoming their candidate but in the end decided not to put forward a challenge to the wartime party truce. Dennison did later go on to become Labour MP for
100:
1929:
1623:
1474:
1975:
414:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
440:
1817:
1264:
883:
451:
433:
407:
1960:
29:
1502:
549:
1639:
1274:
954:
594:
399:
1300:
495:
1980:
1789:
1062:
986:
758:
96:
25:
1576:
1163:
763:
474:
48:
1752:
1602:
1544:
1140:
1013:
666:
108:
104:
1582:
1400:
1124:
829:
725:
389:
84:
1939:
1842:
1698:
1454:
1378:
1362:
1152:
1104:
1002:
938:
921:
677:
606:
559:
554:
538:
394:
1715:
1459:
1284:
1084:
1046:
1024:
807:
693:
683:
527:
1731:
1560:
1517:
1497:
1491:
1437:
1427:
1184:
1168:
1040:
1008:
900:
785:
709:
574:
511:
146:
Watson easily held the seat for the
Liberals and the Coalition, the pacifist candidate polling even less well than anticipated.
1799:
1710:
1644:
1555:
1539:
1422:
1259:
1231:
1190:
1119:
813:
802:
714:
672:
644:
633:
564:
489:
1837:
1784:
1660:
1628:
1341:
981:
720:
1934:
1832:
1704:
1665:
1592:
1405:
1389:
1310:
1109:
1029:
1018:
970:
964:
889:
623:
612:
569:
1827:
1721:
1676:
1654:
1464:
1331:
1305:
1099:
1089:
1052:
916:
845:
818:
521:
1805:
1773:
1768:
1693:
1612:
1597:
1512:
1432:
1373:
1346:
1279:
1269:
1226:
1146:
1129:
1114:
895:
867:
856:
840:
769:
698:
589:
532:
516:
479:
1763:
1726:
1607:
1507:
1443:
1416:
1357:
1325:
1294:
1242:
1221:
1134:
1057:
975:
949:
877:
851:
736:
600:
579:
500:
138:
One of his meetings was broken up by an angry crowd which stormed the platform preventing his guest from speaking.
1757:
1736:
1649:
1522:
1410:
1336:
1289:
1236:
1216:
1206:
1173:
997:
910:
742:
688:
617:
543:
484:
1965:
1811:
1794:
1778:
1671:
1633:
1449:
1320:
1211:
1201:
1195:
1158:
1094:
1079:
991:
944:
905:
823:
775:
638:
217:
1848:
1747:
1617:
1587:
1571:
1566:
1549:
1533:
1395:
1383:
1367:
1315:
1035:
959:
834:
780:
747:
628:
505:
80:
1469:
1179:
872:
752:
731:
703:
649:
584:
469:
1822:
1742:
1351:
862:
118:
64:
272:
185:
126:
45:
88:
63:
The
Stockton Liberal Association considered a number of possible candidates but decided upon
280:
222:
115:
76:
192:
52:
1954:
254:
33:
1971:
By-elections to the
Parliament of the United Kingdom in County Durham constituencies
92:
21:
91:
in
Stockton considered putting up a candidate. They invited Robert Dennison, a
83:
had indicated that they would not oppose a
Liberal candidate who supported the
122:
68:
175:
112:
125:, a proponent of the Peace by Negotiation Party and a member of the
72:
403:
44:
The by-election was caused by the death of the sitting
366:
Managing
Domestic Dissent in First World War Britain
1685:
1483:
1251:
1071:
930:
794:
658:
461:
415:
8:
1976:Politics of the Borough of Stockton-on-Tees
111:. The by-election was however contested by
422:
408:
400:
153:
79:and member of Durham County Council. The
1624:Edinburgh & St Andrews Universities
1475:Edinburgh & St Andrews Universities
297:
445:30th Parliament of the United Kingdom
253:
162:
7:
1961:1917 elections in the United Kingdom
390:List of United Kingdom by-elections
97:British Steel Smelters' Association
395:United Kingdom by-election records
14:
156:1917 Stockton-on-Tees by-election
18:1917 Stockton-on-Tees by-election
213:
180:
87:of which they were members. The
325:The Times, 27 February 1917 p3
1:
1981:20th century in County Durham
67:, a 38-year-old local man, a
85:wartime Coalition government
1818:St George's, Hanover Square
1265:St George's, Hanover Square
884:St George's, Hanover Square
377:The Times, 21 March 1917 p5
355:The Times, 21 March 1917 p5
304:The Times, 14 March 1917 p3
1997:
550:Kingston upon Hull Central
346:The Times, 2 March 1917 p5
1857:
271:
239:
174:
171:
168:
165:
1861:Lists of UK by-elections
1275:North West Staffordshire
955:Bethnal Green South West
595:Bethnal Green South West
101:Birmingham King's Norton
368:; Frank Cass, 2000 p161
1301:Liverpool East Toxteth
496:North East Lanarkshire
1790:Manchester North East
1063:Sheffield Attercliffe
987:North East Derbyshire
759:Manchester North West
55:on 22 February 1917.
24:held for the British
1577:Liverpool Abercromby
1164:Dublin College Green
764:East Carmarthenshire
475:Cambridge University
20:was a parliamentary
1753:Newcastle-upon-Tyne
1603:South Monmouthshire
1141:Carmarthen Boroughs
1105:Thirsk & Malton
1014:East Worcestershire
667:Carmarthen District
539:Ross & Cromarty
159:
1401:Berwick-upon-Tweed
1125:Liverpool Kirkdale
830:Houghton-le-Spring
726:North West Norfolk
154:
127:Society of Friends
95:official with the
36:on 20 March 1917.
1948:
1947:
1640:Dublin University
1503:Dublin University
1455:Ashton-under-Lyne
1379:South Londonderry
1363:Dublin University
1153:Kilmarnock Burghs
1003:Oxford University
939:North West Durham
922:South Lanarkshire
786:Bow & Bromley
678:Glasgow St Rollox
607:Kilmarnock Burghs
555:Glasgow Tradeston
290:
289:
71:who was a former
1988:
1940:Hereditary peers
1935:Northern Ireland
1716:Manchester South
1460:Sheffield Hallam
1285:Bradford Central
1085:Swansea District
1047:Londonderry City
1025:Swansea District
808:Londonderry City
694:South East Essex
684:Manchester South
528:Birmingham South
456:
447:
438:
424:
417:
410:
401:
378:
375:
369:
362:
356:
353:
347:
344:
338:
332:
326:
323:
317:
311:
305:
302:
223:Edward Backhouse
177:
160:
116:Edward Backhouse
77:Stockton-on-Tees
30:Stockton-on-Tees
28:constituency of
26:House of Commons
1996:
1995:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1966:1917 in England
1951:
1950:
1949:
1944:
1853:
1732:Birmingham West
1681:
1561:Edinburgh South
1518:West Perthshire
1498:North Roscommon
1492:Inverness-shire
1479:
1438:North Fermanagh
1428:St Pancras West
1247:
1185:Glasgow Central
1169:North Tipperary
1067:
1041:The Hartlepools
1009:Birmingham West
926:
901:Linlithgowshire
790:
710:Nottingham East
654:
575:North East Cork
512:Haddingtonshire
457:
452:31st Parliament
448:
439:
434:29th Parliament
430:
428:
386:
381:
376:
372:
364:Brock Millman,
363:
359:
354:
350:
345:
341:
333:
329:
324:
320:
312:
308:
303:
299:
295:
193:Bertrand Watson
152:
144:
135:
65:Bertrand Watson
61:
53:Jonathan Samuel
42:
12:
11:
5:
1994:
1992:
1984:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1953:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1800:East Grinstead
1797:
1792:
1787:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1718:
1713:
1711:Waterford City
1707:
1701:
1696:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1668:
1663:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1645:Islington East
1642:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1563:
1558:
1556:South Longford
1552:
1547:
1542:
1540:Aberdeen South
1536:
1531:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1494:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1423:North Ayrshire
1419:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1260:Newington West
1255:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1245:
1239:
1234:
1232:Merthyr Tydfil
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1198:
1193:
1191:Dublin Harbour
1187:
1182:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1155:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1120:Saffron Walden
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1049:
1043:
1038:
1032:
1027:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1005:
1000:
994:
989:
984:
978:
973:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
941:
934:
932:
928:
927:
925:
924:
919:
913:
908:
903:
898:
892:
886:
880:
875:
870:
865:
859:
854:
848:
843:
837:
832:
826:
821:
816:
814:East Waterford
810:
805:
803:Flint Boroughs
798:
796:
792:
791:
789:
788:
783:
778:
772:
766:
761:
755:
750:
745:
739:
734:
728:
723:
717:
715:Forest of Dean
712:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
680:
675:
673:Edinburgh East
669:
662:
660:
656:
655:
653:
652:
647:
645:North Ayrshire
641:
636:
634:South Somerset
631:
626:
620:
615:
609:
603:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
565:West Ham North
562:
560:St Augustine's
557:
552:
546:
541:
535:
530:
524:
519:
514:
508:
503:
498:
492:
490:Forest of Dean
487:
482:
477:
472:
465:
463:
459:
458:
429:
427:
426:
419:
412:
404:
398:
397:
392:
385:
382:
380:
379:
370:
357:
348:
339:
327:
318:
306:
296:
294:
291:
288:
287:
285:
283:
278:
270:
267:
266:
263:
260:
257:
251:
250:
247:
244:
241:
237:
236:
231:
228:
225:
220:
215:
212:
211:
206:
201:
196:
189:
182:
179:
178:
173:
170:
167:
164:
151:
148:
143:
140:
134:
131:
60:
57:
41:
38:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1993:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1850:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1838:South Shields
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1807:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1785:Finsbury East
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1661:Salford North
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1629:Kilkenny City
1627:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1583:Belfast South
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1545:Belfast South
1543:
1541:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1342:South Shields
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1250:
1244:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
982:Great Grimsby
979:
977:
974:
972:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
942:
940:
936:
935:
933:
929:
923:
920:
918:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
893:
891:
887:
885:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
860:
858:
855:
853:
849:
847:
844:
842:
838:
836:
833:
831:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
811:
809:
806:
804:
800:
799:
797:
793:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
773:
771:
767:
765:
762:
760:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
740:
738:
735:
733:
729:
727:
724:
722:
721:Hackney South
718:
716:
713:
711:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
681:
679:
676:
674:
670:
668:
664:
663:
661:
657:
651:
648:
646:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
621:
619:
616:
614:
610:
608:
604:
602:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
547:
545:
542:
540:
536:
534:
531:
529:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
467:
466:
464:
460:
454:
453:
446:
442:
436:
435:
425:
420:
418:
413:
411:
406:
405:
402:
396:
393:
391:
388:
387:
383:
374:
371:
367:
361:
358:
352:
349:
343:
340:
336:
331:
328:
322:
319:
315:
310:
307:
301:
298:
292:
286:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
269:
268:
264:
261:
258:
256:
252:
248:
245:
242:
238:
235:
232:
229:
226:
224:
221:
219:
216:
214:
210:
207:
205:
202:
200:
197:
195:
194:
190:
188:
187:
183:
181:
161:
157:
149:
147:
141:
139:
132:
130:
128:
124:
120:
117:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
58:
56:
54:
50:
47:
39:
37:
35:
34:County Durham
31:
27:
23:
19:
1930:2010–present
1833:Elgin Burghs
1705:South Armagh
1666:North Armagh
1593:South Dublin
1528:
1406:Colne Valley
1390:Berwickshire
1311:South Tyrone
1110:Wigtownshire
1030:West Wicklow
1019:North Galway
971:Belfast East
965:Leith Burghs
890:Chesterfield
624:Bristol East
613:North Tyrone
570:East Wicklow
450:
441:By-elections
432:
373:
365:
360:
351:
342:
334:
330:
321:
313:
309:
300:
275:
233:
208:
203:
198:
191:
184:
155:
145:
136:
89:Labour Party
62:
43:
17:
15:
1828:Mid Norfolk
1810:September:
1722:East Tyrone
1677:Southampton
1655:Basingstoke
1465:Whitechapel
1415:September:
1332:Cockermouth
1306:North Louth
1100:Howdenshire
1090:Scarborough
1053:East Galway
1034:September:
917:Wick Burghs
846:Whitechapel
819:East Antrim
768:September:
605:September:
522:East Dorset
337:, OUP, 2007
335:Who was Who
316:, OUP, 2007
314:Who was Who
218:Independent
158:Electorate
93:Trade Union
22:by-election
1955:Categories
1847:November:
1806:Canterbury
1774:East Cavan
1769:Bridgwater
1703:February:
1694:Mid Armagh
1670:December:
1659:November:
1613:Chesterton
1598:East Clare
1513:Rossendale
1496:February:
1448:December:
1442:November:
1433:Winchester
1374:Tewkesbury
1347:Harborough
1299:February:
1280:Chesterton
1270:Portsmouth
1241:December:
1227:St Austell
1200:November:
1147:Mid Durham
1130:Mid Antrim
1115:Chesterton
1078:February:
1051:December:
1045:November:
943:February:
915:December:
896:North Cork
894:November:
868:Wandsworth
857:Altrincham
841:Shrewsbury
812:February:
774:November:
770:Midlothian
699:Leominster
671:February:
643:December:
622:November:
590:Wellington
533:Barnstaple
517:Cheltenham
480:Horncastle
468:February:
293:References
166:Candidate
142:The result
133:The issues
123:Darlington
59:Candidates
1925:1979–2010
1920:1950–1979
1915:1931–1950
1910:1918–1931
1905:1900–1918
1900:1885–1900
1895:1868–1885
1890:1857–1868
1885:1847–1857
1880:1832–1847
1875:1818–1832
1870:1806–1818
1865:1801–1806
1843:Prestwich
1816:October:
1764:Gravesend
1727:Tullamore
1699:Prestwich
1692:January:
1638:October:
1608:Cambridge
1508:Rotherham
1490:January:
1444:West Cork
1421:October:
1417:Mansfield
1358:Wimbledon
1326:Droitwich
1295:Rotherham
1258:January:
1243:Cleveland
1222:St Helens
1189:October:
1135:Maidstone
1058:Tullamore
976:East Fife
950:Cork City
937:January:
878:Leicester
852:Newmarket
801:January:
737:Holmfirth
665:January:
611:October:
601:Middleton
580:East Cork
501:Brentford
240:Majority
81:Unionists
69:solicitor
1804:August:
1758:Wansbeck
1737:Keighley
1650:Spalding
1622:August:
1529:Stockton
1523:Tamworth
1411:Abingdon
1394:August:
1337:Hertford
1290:Mile End
1237:Tiverton
1217:Kingston
1207:Uxbridge
1174:Keighley
1023:August:
998:Brighton
911:Keighley
888:August:
757:August:
743:Ilkeston
689:Hereford
618:Keighley
599:August:
544:Brighton
485:Westbury
384:See also
1812:Banbury
1795:Fareham
1779:Clapham
1720:April:
1709:March:
1672:Wisbech
1634:Norwich
1538:April:
1527:March:
1450:Hornsey
1356:April:
1330:March:
1321:Chester
1212:Cardiff
1202:Heywood
1196:Appleby
1159:Preston
1145:April:
1139:March:
1095:Shipley
1080:Norwich
992:Ipswich
969:April:
945:Wycombe
906:Reading
839:April:
828:March:
824:Chorley
776:Taunton
708:April:
682:March:
639:Hitchin
510:April:
494:March:
449:»
443:to the
431:«
273:Liberal
255:Turnout
186:Liberal
46:Liberal
40:Vacancy
1849:Wilton
1783:July:
1762:June:
1748:Exeter
1618:Dundee
1588:Fulham
1581:July:
1572:Henley
1567:Epping
1565:June:
1550:Ealing
1534:Oxford
1396:Bodmin
1388:July:
1384:Widnes
1368:Ossory
1316:Bolton
1178:July:
1157:June:
1036:Bolton
1007:July:
996:June:
960:Poplar
882:July:
861:June:
835:Kendal
781:Bolton
748:Hanley
741:July:
730:June:
629:Oldham
548:July:
537:June:
506:Bootle
455:»
437:«
265:−30.1
259:8,237
249:+79.2
243:7,045
209:+39.6
199:7,641
169:Votes
163:Party
150:Result
113:banker
1741:May:
1554:May:
1470:Derby
1372:May:
1180:Arfon
1151:May:
980:May:
873:Dover
850:May:
753:Crewe
732:Hythe
719:May:
704:Epsom
650:Govan
585:Luton
526:May:
470:Arfon
281:Swing
262:59.3
246:85.6
204:92.8
103:from
73:Mayor
1823:Bath
1743:Ross
1686:1918
1484:1917
1352:Hyde
1252:1916
1072:1915
931:1914
863:Leix
795:1913
659:1912
462:1911
276:hold
230:7.2
227:596
109:1929
105:1924
16:The
234:New
121:of
75:of
32:in
1957::
176:±%
172:%
129:.
119:JP
51:,
49:MP
423:e
416:t
409:v
107:-
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