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853:(Britain's demand of the right to protect foreign interests in the country). Zaghloul wanted to resign rather than accept the ultimatum, but Allenby presented it to him before Zaghloul could offer his resignation to the king. Zaghloul and his cabinet decided to accept the first four terms but to reject the last two. On 24 November, after ordering the Ministry of Finance to pay the indemnity, Zaghloul resigned. He died three years later.
822:. The Wafd felt it had a mandate to conclude a treaty with the United Kingdom that would assure Egypt complete independence. As prime minister, Zaghloul carefully selected a cross-section of Egyptian society for his cabinet, which he called the "People's Ministry". On 15 March 1924, King Fuad opened the first Egyptian constitutional parliament amid national rejoicing. The Wafdist government did not last long, however.
1315:
582:
849:, considered Stack an old and trusted friend. He was thus determined to avenge the crime and in the process humiliate the Wafd and destroy its credibility in Egypt. Allenby demanded that Egypt apologize, prosecute the assailants, pay a £500,000 indemnity, withdraw all troops from Sudan, consent to an unlimited increase of irrigation in Sudan and end all opposition to the
86:
684:. Zaghloul and his partisans ran a campaign that exposed the problems of the newly established constitutional order. Zaghloul was especially critical of the electoral laws, which he viewed as incompatible with democracy since they made eligibility of candidacy to general elections conditional on income. The Students Executive Committee of Zaghloul's
1253:
725:, which stood at six percent according to the 1917 census. The social origin of the Copts who had been elected was very similar to that of the Muslims: mostly wealthy landowners, but also a small number of middle-class professionals, mostly lawyers as well as a few doctors. Two-thirds of the districts that elected Copts were in
696:
The election was held over two stages. In the first stage on 27 September 1923, 38,000 electoral representatives were elected by the general population. These were announced on 3 October. In the second stage on 12 January 1924 the representatives elected members of the new
Parliament.
713:
because it was harder to find qualified candidates to run for its constituencies. It won 66 Senate seats. Wafdist voters included the medium and small landowners, urban professionals, merchants and industrialists, shopkeepers, workers and peasants.
1722:
737:
region of Lower Egypt, where Copts were not very numerous. It felt vindicated by these results, which were a clear sign of the party's strength and a testament to its commitment to secularism and national unity.
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was promulgated. A royal decree was published on 6 September of the same year, which ordered the holding of the first election under the new constitution. Nationalist leader
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had no choice but to ask
Zaghloul to form a new government. He did so on 27 January, and Zaghloul was named
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1089:. Studien zur Zeitgeschichte des Nahen Ostens und Nordafrikas, Vol. 10. Münster: Lit. p. 36.
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seats, won a landslide victory, winning 188 of the 215 seats. However, it fared less well in the
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924:. Survey of International Affairs, Vol. 1. London: Oxford University Press. p. 205.
1127:
Christians versus
Muslims in Modern Egypt: The Century-Long Struggle for Coptic Equality
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733:. The Wafd was the only party that managed to get Coptic candidates elected in the
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955:. Politics, History, and Culture. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. p. 131.
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minority received 10% of the seats. This was higher than the Copts' share of
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952:
Liberalism
Without Democracy: Nationhood and Citizenship in Egypt, 1922–1936
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1021:(3rd ed.). American University in Cairo Press. p. 412.
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in 1923 and 1924, the first since nominal independence from the
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Die Wahl der
Parlamente: Band II: Afrika, Erster Halbband
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was established two weeks later. On 21 April 1923, a new
680:, returned to Egypt on 17 September to take part in the
1130:. New York: Oxford University Press US. p. 40.
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632:Parliamentary elections were held in two stages in
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811:The Wafd Party's resounding victory meant that
1017:Goldschmidt, Arthur; Johnston, Robert (2004).
656:Egypt's independence on 28 February 1922. The
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705:Zaghloul's Wafd Party, which had run for all
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918:The Islamic World Since the Peace Settlement
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1163:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 107.
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1160:The Middle East in the Twentieth Century
1004:Al-Ahram Weekly, 25–31 May 2000, No. 483
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17:1923–24 Egyptian parliamentary election
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1019:Historical Dictionary of Egypt
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43:12 January 1924 (second stage)
1:
895:& Klaus Landfried (1978)
949:Maghraoui, Abdeslam (2006).
375:Supreme Constitutional Court
1051:"Nationalists Win in Egypt"
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304:Mostafa Madbouly's ministry
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1270:: CS1 maint: postscript (
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329:House of Representatives
1411:Parliamentary elections
1157:Sicker, Martin (2001).
1062:. 1924-02-25. p. 7
820:Prime Minister of Egypt
654:unilaterally recognized
652:The British government
1328:Presidential elections
1221:Egypt: a country study
913:Toynbee, Arnold Joseph
542:Diplomatic missions of
1829:September 1923 events
1124:Hassan, Sana (2003).
837:and commander of the
825:On 19 November 1924,
797:Source: Sternberger
662:liberal constitution
275:Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
1834:January 1924 events
1658:Municipal elections
1230:Library of Congress
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707:Chamber of Deputies
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102:Yahya Ibrahim Pasha
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1059:The New York Times
1000:2011-12-16 at the
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723:Egypt's population
682:electoral campaign
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1266:cite encyclopedia
1170:978-0-275-96893-9
1137:978-0-19-513868-9
1096:978-3-8258-7516-9
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1232:. p. 50.
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50: →
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1703:1971 (1 Sep)
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414:Subdivisions
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66:First party
40:
1681:Referendums
901:(in German)
731:Lower Egypt
727:Upper Egypt
569:Visa policy
385:Saeed Marie
318:Legislature
162:Subsequent
156:Independent
117:Independent
1793:Categories
1176:2010-07-22
1143:2010-07-22
1110:2010-07-22
1066:2010-07-22
976:2010-07-23
935:2010-07-22
869:References
766:Wafd Party
735:Nile Delta
686:Wafd Party
674:Seychelles
648:Background
642:Wafd Party
380:Chancellor
324:Parliament
259:Government
174:Wafd Party
971:469693850
807:Aftermath
678:Gibraltar
427:Elections
368:Judiciary
265:President
1248:24247439
1105:56657957
1037:58833952
998:Archived
930:21169232
915:(1927).
857:See also
559:Passport
546:in Egypt
528:Minister
1554:2011–12
1449:1923–24
899:, p294
701:Results
334:Speaker
299:Cabinet
248:history
93:Leader
74:
63:
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816:Fuad I
799:et al.
711:Senate
692:System
504:former
353:Senate
108:Party
835:Sudan
785:Total
758:Seats
755:Party
634:Egypt
1778:2019
1773:2014
1768:2012
1763:2011
1758:2007
1753:2005
1748:1990
1743:1987
1738:1981
1733:1980
1728:1979
1723:1978
1718:1977
1713:1974
1698:1968
1693:1958
1688:1956
1671:Next
1665:2008
1649:2020
1644:2012
1639:2010
1634:2007
1629:2004
1624:2001
1619:1998
1614:1995
1609:1992
1604:1989
1599:1986
1594:1983
1589:1980
1570:2025
1564:2020
1559:2015
1549:2010
1544:2005
1539:2000
1534:1995
1529:1990
1524:1987
1519:1984
1514:1979
1509:1976
1504:1971
1499:1969
1494:1964
1489:1957
1484:1950
1479:1945
1474:1942
1469:1936
1464:1929
1459:1926
1454:1925
1444:1913
1439:1907
1434:1901
1429:1895
1424:1889
1419:1883
1401:2023
1396:2018
1391:2014
1386:2012
1381:2005
1376:1999
1371:1993
1366:1987
1361:1981
1356:1976
1351:1970
1346:1965
1341:1958
1336:1956
1272:link
1244:OCLC
1234:ISBN
1165:ISBN
1132:ISBN
1101:OCLC
1091:ISBN
1033:OCLC
1023:ISBN
967:OCLC
957:ISBN
926:OCLC
813:King
676:and
670:Aden
482:2019
477:2014
464:2025
458:2020
446:2023
441:2018
338:list
286:list
269:list
126:188
112:Wafd
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