379:"In my opinion, Curry for some years had an obsession that he was to be superseded in his position. This idea first took place when Mr. Hoffman was appointed assistant superintendent, and the position was accentuated when Dr. Patterson (sic) was appointed medical officer. Curry was most impulsive, he would not tolerate interference by anybody on the staff on Palm Island, and if they did interfere he was inclined to deal with them in a most summary way. Curry did very fine work on Palm Island, but, after all, that was his feeling that everybody was out to do him an injury. As a matter of fact, nothing was further from the truth. Nobody wanted to hurt him.
366:
inquiry into allegations against Curry at that time, and whose report to the
Secretary of Home Affairs was due to be handed down on 7 February 1930. It has been suggested that Curry was fearful that he should lose his position and his livelihood and that he had an unhealthy attachment to the Settlement. Curry feared that the outcome of the Nevitt Inquiry would be his removal from the Settlement and he blamed Assistant-Superintendent Hoffman, Under-Secretary Gall, and Dr Pattison (and the Matron – Mrs Pattison) for his downfall.
393:
reflected the greatest credit on all concerned.' This must have been one of the grimmest ironies in the history of
Queensland, for on the very day that this report reached the Home Office, Curry ran amok, clad in a red bathing suit and armed with dynamite, petrol and revolvers he blew up the reserves' main administrative buildings, set fire to the homes of other officials, shot the doctor and his wife, set fire to the island and murdered his own children.
428:
were in fact armed, or that they intended to confront
Superintendent Curry, that he had told them to do so and even suggested that the Aboriginal men had told him to leave and protect the women and children. Assistant-Superintendent denied having assured the group of Aboriginal men, when questioned as to what would happen to them if they did shoot Curry,
397:
Magistrate
Cameron PM, who had previously held an inquiry into the administration of the Island, decided to hold an Inquest into the death of Superintendent Curry. Despite the volumes of evidence provided and the need to examine 27 witnesses, this inquest was concluded on 28 March 1930, after sitting
209:
The report by
Justice Nevitt regarding the administration of the Palm Island settlement, found that despite excessive drinking, bickering between Curry and Pattison, and the provision of alcohol to residents, that the management of the settlement was entirely adequate and acceptable. In releasing the
164:
twelve years earlier. His wife died during childbirth in
November 1929. The Medical Officer at the settlement was Dr. C. Maitland Pattison. According to Dr Joanne Watson's biography of Curry, "By December Curry was grief-stricken, fearful of losing his position, drinking heavily and withdrawing from
374:
There was an immediate outcry about the situation on Palm Island and within the Home
Secretary's Department, with several parties – including the Returned Sailors and Soldiers League, calling for a full, open inquiry into the events. Speaking soon after the tragedy, Mr Gall, described the situation:
311:
Police and Dr. Taylor from
Townsville were dispatched to Palm Island after the fact. The wounds to both Dr. Pattison and his wife had narrowly missed vital organs. Dr. Pattison had attended to his own wounds, and was later assisted by Mrs. Pattison and Morcom, who were commended by Dr. Taylor in the
168:
During the 1920s, rivalries, bitterness and escalating feuds appear to have developed between the white officials on Palm Island. As a result of this situation there were several investigations into the conduct of officials on Palm Island. Stipendiary
Magistrate Cameron chaired one inquiry ending on
392:
Despite the seriousness of these charges and the further evidence provided to Nevitt of bitter feuding amongst the administration on Palm, his report argued that 'he found a high state of efficiency, both externally and internally, in the administration of the settlement', and that 'the management
427:
Pattison denied giving a gun to Prior, or anyone else, and also denied having done or said anything which would cause anyone to murder Curry. Assistant-Superintendent
Hoffman also denied responsibility for arming the Aboriginal men, including Peter Prior, attempted to deny any knowledge that they
423:
announced that the Government would prosecute as murder the death of the Superintendent. In May, Pattison and Hoffman were charged with procuring indigenous resident Peter Prior to murder the Superintendent, as based on testimony from the foreman in charge of a sawmill on Palm Island and evidence
365:
Not only did Curry write what is apparently a suicide note attempt to justify in advance what he intended to do, he mentions dissatisfaction with the "visiting Justice" and the prospects of exposing the situation on the Island. Presumably he was referring to Justice Nivett, who was conducting an
292:
Curry returned from Fantome Island on the Launch Esme, he was armed with a rifle and a revolver. Nobody challenged Curry on the Beach, so he proceeded to walk toward the settlement. At this point, he pointed the revolver toward the rear of the boatshed, directly at the position occupied by Peter
436:
Although trial was initially set for Pattison on 11 August, on 19 July prosecutors declined to formally enter the murder charge and Pattison was freed. When the remaining matters, namely the murder charge against Peter Prior and the charge of procuring someone to commit murder against Hoffman,
288:
Several young Aboriginal men, including Peter Prior, Harold Conway, Clive Beckett, Caeser Anning, Jimmy Harvey and Ellison Obah were provided with arms and sent down to the beach to patrol and await the return of Superintendent Curry from Fantome Island. These Aboriginal men had been given the
462:
His Honor: Then did you file a true bill because it was not a white man who shot him? I'll tell the jury on your opening, Mr. Ross, that if a man attacks the community as Curry did there, the community would be justified in defending itself even to the extent of killing him. I don't think any
264:
and chase down any boat that left Palm Island. According to the hospital attendant he then intended to return to Palm Island and "clean off" the rest of the whites, then wait for the police boat to "have a bit of fun with them". Morcom believed that Curry was playing a practical joke, until a
383:
The Home Affairs Department held that given the completion of an inquiry that found Curry to be a competent manager on the same day he murdered his children and attempted to murder the doctor and his wife, there was no need for a full inquiry into the tragedy. The irony of this situation was
398:
for only 28 hours all-told. On the basis of the evidence provided to the inquest by witnesses including Peter Prior, Clive Beckett, Caeser Anning, Jimmy Harvey and Ellison Obah, and the Police Magistrate, Cameron felt that there was sufficient evidence to take the matter to trial.
297:
was raising his hand with the revolver as if to take a shot when I fired my shot gun and he fell and as I fired I heard another report outside... I am certain that my shot hit him first and that caused him to fall. I was afraid that he would have shot us all if I had not shot
289:
responsibility of ensuring the safety of all on the Island, while the 'white men lay skulking and quaking in the bush.' Assistant-Superintendent Hoffman is reported to have told Ellison Obah that 'I will give anyone £1 to get Curry, and I will stand the responsibility.'
231:, he set fire to his own house, killing his step-daughter Edna Mather and son Robert Curry, Jr. He set fire twice to the office; and set fire to the thatch roof of the schoolhouse, the retail store, and the residence of the Assistant Superintendent Thomas Hoffman.
348:
I have no regrets about anything I have done to the doctor, and he deserves all he gets. I was told by the so-called visiting Justice I could lay no complaints against Fantome, as it was not in my department. That goes to show things must go on unexposed.
424:
given by the Aboriginal men who witnessed the events, in particular, that of Peter Prior himself, The wife of the storekeeper also testified against Hoffman, claiming that Hoffman offered "some boys" £1 for the first to shoot or spear Curry.
335:
on 3 March 1930, and which were provided to the second Cameron Inquiry as evidence, Superintendent Curry's state of mind immediately prior to the tragedy is readily apparent, most disturbingly he states in his letter to Mr Bleakley:
293:
Prior (who was armed with a shotgun with a magazine) and two other men, being Caeser Anning and Clive Beckett (both armed with rifles). Prior fired two shells from the shotgun, hitting Curry in the abdomen, chest, head and arms.
353:
I know Gall will miss doctor. At any rate he can send a wreath along, as I am going to revenge those who have injured me, and I will make them cry for mercy. I am just as sane as you are, so don't think otherwise.
302:
Curry collapsed and dropped his weapons after being hit, he was given medical treatment, but died the next morning. An autopsy revealed that death had been caused by being hit by the wound to the abdomen.
329:
Curry wrote letters on 2 February 1930, the first to Mr Bleakley (Chief Protector of Aboriginal Settlements) and to a Brisbane newspaper: In these letters, which were published in full in the
191:
A serious altercation between Curry and Dr Pattinson on Christmas Day 1929 (with allegation that issue was caused by supply of alcohol by Dr Pattinson to Aboriginal Nurse and patient);
344:
This will be the last letter that ever you will receive from me, and I must thank you and the heads of your department for the unjust treatment you have dealt out to me in the past.
449:
His Honor: The facts outlined by you, Mr. Ross, are this: Curry attempted to kill the doctor and his wife, killed his children, burnt his house down, and burnt Hoffman's house.
316:. An estimate for the damage was £7000. Arrangements were made in the following days for provisions to be supplied from Townsville to replace those destroyed on Palm Island.
227:
During the early morning hours of Monday, 3 February 1930, Robert Curry shot Dr. Pattison in the thigh and Dr. Pattison's wife in the neck. Using a form of dynamite called
144:, shot and wounded two people, and set fire to several buildings, killing his two children. Later in the day, the Superintendent was shot dead. An official inquiry by the
169:
18 April 1929, while Justice Nevitt chaired another, which provided its report to the Home Department on 7 February 1930. The allegations investigated included:
202:
The 'Flogging' of an adult Aboriginal woman, René Harvey, by Curry, substantiated by Cameron SM, Curry advised by Under-Secretary Gall on 18 April 1929; and
1451:
493:
160:
The Superintendent of the settlement was Robert Henry Curry; he had been the Superintendent of Palm Island since the settlement was moved from
1347:
563:
280:, upper portion of the thigh, and in each wrist. Curry was moved to the local hospital and attended to by Morcom, but died within two hours.
482:
The defendants were released. This is a remarkable outcome for the period, the only other similar shooting was that of a police officer in
256:. On Fantome Island he informed the Lock Hospital attendant Mr. Morcom of the events of the night and told him that he intended to lay the
148:
followed. Those involved in the shooting death were charged with murder, but during the trial, under the advice of the trial judge, the
1471:
1334:
550:
188:
A documented assault on Dr Pattinson by Mrs Ballard in 1929, in response to verbal attack on Mr & Mrs Ballard by Dr Pattinson; and
161:
1476:
205:
Allegations serious sexual impropriety by Curry, by unnamed parties amongst both the white officials and Aboriginal residents;
1339:
555:
466:
His Honor further stated that if a conviction was made at the trial the Court of Criminal Appeal would quash the conviction.
145:
84:
839:"Three Persons Dead, Two others in Hospital, Palm Island Tragedy, Damage to Property Totals £7000, Stories of the Survivors"
214:
said that he was informed by his Home Department that the discipline at Palm Island had been good and management effective.
1461:
1016:
Prior, P, 1930, 'Statement to Inquest into the Death of Robert Curry'; Prior, P, 1930, Statement to Police, QSA; cited in
1466:
149:
442:
438:
1456:
1263:
1226:
1122:
1063:
863:
797:
453:
Mr. Ross: I will prove that Prior shot Curry, and that Hoffman offered a pound to the first one who would do it.
331:
272:
Curry returned in the afternoon brandishing two firearms, when he was met on the beach by a small party of young
416:
1315:
489:
199:
Theft of takings from Football, allegation made by Curry against Hoffman (substantiated and repayment made);
496:(Mr Tuckiar vanished upon his release, and is presumed to have been killed by NT Police upon his release.
412:
478:
His Honor: I think that is the best thing you can do. I don't think the bill should ever have been filed.
1283:
610:
273:
235:
141:
50:
651:"Palm Island Visiting Justices' Report. Bickering Amongst Officers. Drink at the Bottom of the Trouble"
504:
Pattison resigned as medical officer at the Palm Island Aboriginal Settlement as of 15 September 1930.
931:
883:
843:
820:
655:
1194:
1002:
313:
211:
456:
His Honor: If Hoffman shot Curry when he arrived, do you agree that he was justified in doing so?
1298:
484:
129:
195:
Then there were the numerous allegations of other categories of serious impropriety, including:
545:
1380:
1361:
1353:
1343:
1142:
577:
569:
559:
133:
1329:
1042:. Western Australia. 11 February 1930. p. 19 – via National Library of Australia.
979:
630:
1303:
859:"Residence and Native Schoolhouse Destroyed by Fire in Tragic Circumstances at Palm Island"
957:
420:
385:
1307:
912:. Kalgoorlie, WA. 11 February 1930. p. 19 – via National Library of Australia.
182:
A drunken altercation between Curry and Gall in Lowthes Hotel (South-Townsville) in 1927;
261:
253:
1399:
1445:
1038:
908:
242:
606:"The Palm Island Murders, Pryor and Hoffman Discharged, Shooting of Curry Justified"
176:
An alleged threat to torch the residence if removed, made by Curry to Gall in 1925;
673:
Becoming Bwgcolman: Exile and Survival on Palm Island Reserve, 1918 to the Present
614:. Darwin, NT. 19 August 1930. p. 1 – via National Library of Australia.
671:
1422:
1174:
659:. Hobart. 13 February 1930. p. 5 – via National Library of Australia.
634:. Brisbane. 12 April 1919. p. 13 – via National Library of Australia.
384:
described by Dr Joanne Watson, who examined the incident at length in her 1994
42:
Palm Island Aboriginal settlement on Great Palm Island in Queensland, Australia
793:"Palm Island Affair: Mr Nevitt's Report – Charges Against Curry Not Supported"
137:
1417:
1357:
1258:
1245:
1221:
1189:
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1137:
1117:
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997:
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838:
815:
792:
650:
625:
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573:
1365:
1278:
581:
228:
1126:. 12 February 1930. p. 16 – via National Library of Australia.
1146:. 19 February 1930. p. 1 – via National Library of Australia.
867:. 6 February 1930. p. 14 – via National Library of Australia.
847:. 5 February 1930. p. 15 – via National Library of Australia.
824:. 7 February 1930. p. 17 – via National Library of Australia.
801:. 8 February 1930. p. 4 – via National Library of Australia.
277:
1287:. 15 August 1930. p. 7 – via National Library of Australia.
1267:. 15 August 1930. p. 7 – via National Library of Australia.
1198:. 16 April 1930. p. 14 – via National Library of Australia.
935:. 29 April 1930. p. 13 – via National Library of Australia.
165:
novocaine—Pattison's treatment for 'neuralgia of the cranial nerve'."
1178:. 29 March 1930. p. 5 – via National Library of Australia.
1006:. 29 April 1930. p. 9 – via National Library of Australia.
998:"Palm Island Shooting: Evidence of Blacks – Armed Men Wait in Hiding"
887:. 6 March 1930. p. 16 – via National Library of Australia.
266:
1426:. Qld.: National Library of Australia. 30 September 1930. p. 11
1067:. 3 March 1930. p. 3 – via National Library of Australia.
960:, Letter to Mrs P. Cilento, 30 September 1931, Townsville; cited in
1279:"Palm Island Tragedy: Prisoners Discharged, Judge's Frank Comments"
1230:. 3 May 1930. p. 15 – via National Library of Australia.
983:. 5 May 1930. p. 10 – via National Library of Australia.
411:
As a result of the official inquiry into the three deaths, held in
179:
At least two alleged assaults on Ballard by Curry in the mid-1920s;
1138:"Palm Island Tragedy. Curry had obsession he was to be superseded"
445:
had the following discussion with the lead prosecutor, Mr Ross:
276:
residents. He was shot four times: in the lower portion of the
269:
arrived to obtain his help and take him to Great Palm Island.
1259:"Supreme Court Sentences Passed: Palm Island Case Collapses"
1118:"Palm Island Tragedy: Returned Soldiers Demand Full Inquiry"
1100:
1098:
975:"Palm Island Tragedy: Shooting of Curry, Hoffman on Trial"
173:
A documented assault on a clerk (Tedman) by Curry in 1919;
1240:"No True Bill: Palm Island Tragedy, Dr. Pattison Freed",
748:
746:
685:
683:
185:
At least two assaults on Dr Pattinson by Curry in 1928;
816:"Palm Island Tragedy, Dr. and Mrs. Pattison's Escape"
600:
598:
140:, Australia, when the settlement's Superintendent,
114:
106:
98:
90:
80:
72:
64:
56:
46:
38:
23:
1222:"Palm Island Tragedy: Dr. Pattison to Stand Trial"
898:
896:
894:
810:
808:
469:Mr. Ross: In that case, your Honor, I will file a
1309:
1381:"Ted Egan with the History of the Tuckiar Case"
312:media. Dr. and Mrs. Pattison were moved to the
833:
831:
1053:
1051:
1049:
8:
992:
990:
921:
919:
787:
785:
18:
1400:"Ceremony Lays 70-Year-Old Tragedy to Rest"
1170:"Palm Island Shooting: Evidence at Inquiry"
1028:
1026:
539:
537:
238:children were pupils of the burned school.
1418:"Palm Island Doctor, Resignation Accepted"
1338:. Canberra: National Centre of Biography,
1246:http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article21544963
1034:"Palm Island Tragedy: Measures for Relief"
927:"Murder Charge: Aboriginals Give Evidence"
904:"Palm Island Tragedy, Further Particulars"
554:. Canberra: National Centre of Biography,
520:Some sources give the spelling as "Pryor".
17:
879:"The "Courier" Budget of Pictorial News"
645:
643:
641:
546:"Curry, Robert Henry (Bob) (1885–1930)"
533:
513:
488:(1935), in which the full court of the
241:At daylight Curry destroyed the supply
1208:
1156:
1104:
1089:
1077:
1017:
961:
945:
776:
764:
752:
737:
725:
713:
701:
689:
463:reasonable man could think otherwise.
492:overturned the guilty verdict of the
361:(signed) R.H. Curry (2 February 1930)
248:, and left in the second launch, the
7:
626:"Palm Island aboriginal settlement"
210:Nevitt Report (after the tragedy),
1335:Australian Dictionary of Biography
1330:"Dhakiyarr Wirrpanda (1900–1934))"
551:Australian Dictionary of Biography
14:
128:occurred in 1930 on Palm Island
676:, University of Qld, PhD Thesis
1452:Indigenous Australian politics
1340:Australian National University
556:Australian National University
146:Attorney-General of Queensland
85:Attorney-General of Queensland
1:
1059:"Letters Written by Deceased"
324:
76:set fire to several buildings
1379:McCarthy, B (27 June 2003).
1493:
1472:1930 murders in Australia
1406:. Darwin, NT: ABC Online.
1264:Townsville Daily Bulletin
1244:, 19 July 1930, p.15 <
1227:The Sydney Morning Herald
1123:The Sydney Morning Herald
1064:Townsville Daily Bulletin
864:The Sydney Morning Herald
798:Townsville Daily Bulletin
419:met and Attorney General
332:Townsville Daily Bulletin
27:3 February 1930
1314: (8 November 1934),
212:Queensland Premier Moore
19:1930 Palm Island tragedy
1387:. Darwin, NT: ABC (NT).
490:High Court of Australia
1477:Filicides in Australia
1398:McLuaghlin, M (2003).
480:
395:
381:
363:
300:
1304:[1934] HCA 49
1190:"Palm Island Tragedy"
611:The Northern Standard
447:
437:reached the Northern
390:
377:
338:
325:Curry's state of mind
295:
152:dropped the charges.
130:Aboriginal settlement
94:Magistrate Cameron PM
1462:Murder in Queensland
1242:The Brisbane Courier
932:The Brisbane Courier
884:The Brisbane Courier
844:The Brisbane Courier
821:The Brisbane Courier
102:Pattison and Hoffman
1467:1930s in Queensland
1195:The West Australian
1003:The West Australian
958:Sir Raphael Cilento
314:Townsville Hospital
126:Palm Island Tragedy
20:
1342:. pp. 101–2.
1299:Tuckiar v The King
740:, p. 119-120.
670:Watson, J (1994),
485:Tuckiar v The King
417:Queensland Cabinet
415:, on 15 April the
307:Assistance arrives
234:Between 40 and 50
142:Robert Henry Curry
65:Non-fatal injuries
51:Robert Henry Curry
1457:1930 in Australia
1349:978-0-522-84459-7
1143:The Barrier Miner
1092:, pp. 150–2.
1080:, pp. 150–1.
779:, pp. 123–4.
767:, pp. 104–5.
716:, pp. 118–9.
704:, pp. 117–8.
565:978-0-522-84459-7
340:Dear Mr Bleakley,
284:Shooting of Curry
134:Great Palm Island
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1107:, p. 150-4.
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980:Morning Bulletin
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631:The Queenslander
622:
616:
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544:Watson, Joanne.
541:
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494:NT Supreme Court
150:Crown Prosecutor
34:
32:
21:
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1328:Dewar, Mickey.
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459:Mr. Ross: Yes.
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421:Neil MacGroarty
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386:doctoral thesis
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223:3 February 1930
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73:Property damage
30:
28:
12:
11:
5:
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1159:, p. 125.
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1045:
1022:
1009:
986:
966:
950:
948:, p. 135.
938:
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870:
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827:
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781:
769:
757:
755:, p. 120.
742:
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728:, p. 119.
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692:, p. 117.
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531:
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471:nolle prosequi
443:Robert Douglas
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254:Fantome Island
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1039:Western Argus
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441:, Mr Justice
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439:Supreme Court
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1428:. Retrieved
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1318:(Australia).
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47:Organised by
15:
1423:Cairns Post
1404:7.30 Report
1209:Watson 1994
1175:Cairns Post
1157:Watson 1994
1105:Watson 1994
1090:Watson 1994
1078:Watson 1994
1018:Watson 1994
962:Watson 1994
946:Watson 1994
777:Watson 1994
765:Watson 1994
753:Watson 1994
738:Watson 1994
726:Watson 1994
714:Watson 1994
702:Watson 1994
690:Watson 1994
656:The Mercury
110:Peter Prior
1446:Categories
1316:High Court
1308:(1934) 52
528:References
413:Townsville
274:Indigenous
236:Aboriginal
162:Hull River
156:Background
138:Queensland
31:1930-02-03
1430:7 January
1385:Stateline
1358:1833-7538
1284:The Argus
1020:, p. 136.
964:, p. 135.
587:7 January
574:1833-7538
320:Aftermath
229:gelignite
115:Convicted
81:Inquiries
1366:70677943
582:70677943
407:Evidence
218:Incident
107:Suspects
39:Location
402:Arrests
370:Inquest
278:abdomen
99:Arrests
91:Inquest
29: (
1364:
1356:
1346:
580:
572:
562:
432:Trials
298:first.
267:dinghy
252:, for
243:launch
57:Deaths
1302:
508:Notes
500:Later
1432:2011
1362:OCLC
1354:ISSN
1344:ISBN
1248:>
589:2011
578:OCLC
570:ISSN
560:ISBN
260:off
258:Rita
250:Rita
246:Esme
124:The
24:Date
1312:335
1310:CLR
351:...
346:...
136:in
132:on
1448::
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1332:.
1306:,
1281:.
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1172:.
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1120:.
1097:^
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1000:.
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929:.
918:^
906:.
893:^
881:.
861:.
841:.
830:^
818:.
807:^
795:.
784:^
745:^
682:^
653:.
640:^
628:.
608:.
597:^
576:.
568:.
558:.
548:.
536:^
473:.
388::
1434:.
1368:.
1211:.
591:.
118:0
68:2
60:3
33:)
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