220:, where the driver fled with the train engine, leaving behind the carriages carrying the refugees. A clash occurred between the soldiers escorting the refugee train and Pathans present at the station. The Pathans attacked the train, and engaged in a gunfight with the soldiers escorting the train. After the escorting soldiers ran out of ammunition, a mob of a few thousand Muslim Pathans attacked the train and began killing the refugees and looting their belongings. The attack is said to have been premeditated, and it is believed that the train was deliberately diverted to Gujrat where armed Pathans were present. The
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During the partition of India, around 14–18 million people are said to have moved across the newly demarcated border between India and
Pakistan in one of the largest mass migrations in history. A majority of this migration happened in the
212:. The train was being escorted by 60 soldiers of the Gurkha regiment. The train was diverted from its the original route, because the route was deemed unsafe. The passengers were told by the driver that the train would be taken to
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on 12 January 1948. 1,300–1,600 Hindus and Sikhs were killed in the massacre, 150 were wounded. The train was carrying 2,400 Hindu and Sikh refugees from the
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192:. Around 3 million of these refugees moved in 673 refugee trains over a period of three months between August and November 1947.
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in August of the previous year. Only 750 of these refugees are reported to have survived and made it to India.
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418:"Violence and Migration: A study of killing in the trains during the Partition of Punjab in 1947"
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Stern
Reckoning: A Survey of the Events leading up to and following the Partition of India
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in the NWFP on 10 January 1948, and was moving towards India via
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and taking them to India following their displacement due to the
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A train carrying a total 2,400 Hindu and Sikh refugees left
386:"Massacre of Gujrat: The forgotten tragedy of Partition"
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which was divided into two, with
Muslims moving to the
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143:was an attack on a refugee train and massacre of
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246:"1700 Refugees Butchered On Train In India"
422:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
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342:"Moslems Kill Nearly 1300 Hindus, Sikhs"
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228:is said to have overseen the attack.
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291:"1,300 Killed in fresh Punjab clash"
384:Singh, Jaspreet (19 October 2022).
188:and Hindus and Sikhs moving to the
500:Rail transport in Punjab, Pakistan
453:, Delhi: Oxford University Press,
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16:1948 massacre in Gujrat, Pakistan
540:Persecution of Hindus by Muslims
485:Anti-Hindu violence in Pakistan
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515:September 1947 events in Asia
165:North West Frontier Province
525:Transport disasters in 1947
320:"Refugees Killed In Punjab"
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535:1947 disasters in Pakistan
449:Khosla, Gopal Das (1989),
141:1948 Gujrat train massacre
22:1948 Gujrat train massacre
151:refugees by armed Muslim
60:32.5632297°N 74.0641426°E
530:India–Pakistan relations
520:1947 in rail transport
218:Gujrat railway station
65:32.5632297; 74.0641426
416:Kaur, Navdip (2011).
490:Massacres of Hindus
250:Border Morning Mail
56: /
495:Massacres of Sikhs
391:The Times of India
169:partition of India
510:Massacres in 1948
348:. 15 January 1948
322:. 16 January 1948
297:. 15 January 1948
252:. 15 January 1948
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395:. Retrieved
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299:. Retrieved
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226:Manki Sharif
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127:Perpetrators
428:: 947–954.
278:Khosla 1989
114:1,300–1,600
100:Attack type
63: /
38:Coordinates
479:Categories
232:References
214:Rawalpindi
175:Background
51:74°03′51″E
48:32°33′48″N
434:2249-1937
367:Kaur 2011
295:The Argus
469:22415680
442:44146786
352:21 March
346:Examiner
326:21 March
301:21 March
256:21 March
210:Lyallpur
206:Sargodha
196:Massacre
161:Pakistan
105:Massacre
94:refugees
27:Location
397:7 April
153:Pathans
132:Pathans
130:Muslim
119:Injured
467:
457:
440:
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157:Gujrat
111:Deaths
84:Target
31:Gujrat
438:JSTOR
202:Bannu
145:Hindu
88:Hindu
465:OCLC
455:ISBN
430:ISSN
399:2023
354:2023
328:2023
303:2023
258:2023
208:and
190:east
186:west
149:Sikh
147:and
139:The
92:Sikh
90:and
76:Date
224:of
222:Pir
155:at
122:150
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