1715:
1607:
1370:
851:
788:
706:
693:
633:
537:
478:
465:
1961:
1884:
2169:"He is an excellent painter of Icelandic scenery and settings. Yet this is not what he has conceived of as his chief mission. 'Compassion is the source of the highest poetry. Compassion with Asta Sollilja on earth,' he says in one of his best books⊠And a social passion underlies everything Halldór Laxness has written. His personal championship of contemporary social and political questions is always very strong, sometimes so strong that it threatens to hamper the artistic side of his work. His safeguard then is the astringent humour which enables him to see even people he dislikes in a redeeming light, and which also permits him to gaze far down into the labyrinths of the human soul."
1652:
1007:
1052:
1436:
1208:
1775:
1271:
505:
1948:
1871:
1808:
1040:
452:
1915:
1841:
1403:
1175:
1142:
974:
663:
2105:
1685:
24:
2040:
1541:
1310:
1241:
1094:
600:
2072:
896:
1745:
941:
818:
755:
567:
1992:
1574:
1508:
1475:
2152:
were divided in support of the final three candidates. Three rounds of voting were required to decide the laureate. On the first voting Jiménez received the highest number of votes, but not the required majority of the votes. On the third voting
Laxness received a majority of the votes, 10 votes, and
43:
217:
HalldĂłr
Laxness wrote novels, poetry, journalism, essays and plays. The conventional Icelandic saga influenced Laxness, best known for three series of books that are set in Iceland and in some way incorporate social realism and were written in the 1930s.
170:(1902â1998) "for his vivid epic power which has renewed the great narrative art of Iceland." He is the first and only Icelandic recipient of the Nobel prize in all categories. The literary critic Sveinn Hoskuldsson described him, saying:
228:("Independent People: An Epic", 1934â35), a two part series about crofters on the moor; and HeimsljĂłs ("World Light", 1937â1940), a four-part series based on the life of poet Magnus Hjaltason Magnusson. His other famous works include
518:
2328:
3809:
2321:
2337:
470:
174:"His chief literary works belong to the genre... narrative prose fiction. In the history of our literature Laxness is mentioned beside
2314:
1966:
1889:
912:
3783:
3772:
3761:
3750:
3728:
3717:
3706:
3695:
3684:
3673:
3662:
3651:
3640:
3629:
3618:
3607:
3596:
3585:
3574:
3563:
3552:
3541:
3530:
3519:
3497:
3486:
3475:
3464:
3453:
3442:
3431:
3420:
3409:
3398:
3387:
3376:
3365:
3354:
3343:
3332:
3321:
3310:
3299:
3288:
3266:
3255:
3244:
3233:
3222:
3211:
3196:
3185:
3174:
3163:
3152:
3141:
3130:
3119:
3104:
3093:
3081:
3070:
3059:
3048:
3026:
3015:
3004:
2993:
2982:
2960:
2949:
2938:
2927:
2916:
2905:
2894:
2883:
2872:
2861:
2850:
2842:
2833:
2824:
2804:
2792:
2781:
2770:
2759:
2751:
2739:
2728:
2717:
2701:
2690:
2679:
2668:
2657:
2646:
2635:
2624:
2613:
2602:
2591:
2569:
2558:
2550:
2534:
2523:
2512:
2504:
2492:
2481:
2470:
2459:
2448:
2437:
2426:
2415:
2404:
2389:
2378:
2367:
2356:
2248:
2134:
308:
300:
284:
142:
124:
3819:
230:
263:
In total, the Nobel
Committee received 59 nominations for 46 writers. 17 of the nominees were newly nominated including
3303:
2053:
3814:
2796:
2382:
2138:
1427:
407:
2341:
1906:
355:
158:
133:
2231:
1394:
363:
276:
3123:
2986:
2130:
1199:
2628:
2441:
1821:
359:
3156:
1720:
1612:
1375:
1329:
856:
793:
698:
638:
542:
483:
2393:
3248:
2538:
2527:
1383:
965:
3600:
3457:
3633:
3270:
2774:
2294:
2266:
1676:
1133:
809:
729:
292:
272:
199:
42:
3677:
3380:
3019:
2942:
2705:
2639:
2496:
2474:
2207:
2031:
1629:
1587:
1546:
1071:
312:
183:
3622:
3237:
3108:
2854:
2542:
2408:
2300:
1983:
1736:
1155:
867:
768:
395:
383:
224:
3435:
2975:
2419:
1532:
1335:
1301:
212:
167:
3754:
3134:
3097:
2953:
2931:
2763:
2606:
2485:
2452:
2397:
2142:
1928:
1799:
1780:
1416:
1276:
1262:
1188:
1085:
932:
873:
242:
2306:
2186:
2129:
Laxness had been a candidate for the prize since 1948. In 1955 he was shortlisted along with
110:
3556:
3479:
3325:
3178:
3085:
3030:
2964:
2920:
2909:
2865:
2743:
1598:
1554:
1521:
1361:
1221:
954:
887:
399:
387:
304:
236:
175:
3666:
3402:
3314:
3259:
3215:
3204:
3074:
3008:
2721:
2430:
2371:
2360:
2149:
1788:
1766:
1565:
1499:
1466:
1441:
1213:
1110:
1020:
842:
580:
403:
375:
367:
316:
296:
280:
90:
3732:
3611:
3534:
3490:
2162:
1344:
3710:
3699:
3369:
3358:
3200:
3145:
3063:
2694:
2650:
2595:
2562:
2516:
2219:
2096:
1920:
1846:
1665:
1408:
1232:
1180:
1147:
979:
711:
668:
558:
351:
343:
3803:
3589:
3567:
3545:
3523:
3446:
3424:
3413:
3292:
3189:
3052:
2887:
2876:
2785:
2672:
2661:
2085:
2063:
2011:
1832:
1706:
1657:
1166:
1031:
1012:
654:
411:
391:
347:
339:
320:
268:
187:
179:
222:(1931â1932), a two part series that describes life in an Icelandic fishing village;
3765:
3721:
3501:
3347:
3336:
3167:
2997:
1953:
1876:
1862:
1813:
1116:
1045:
998:
918:
779:
746:
684:
613:
591:
528:
457:
443:
328:
3655:
3578:
3391:
3226:
3112:
2898:
2683:
2617:
2573:
2110:
2017:
1939:
1690:
1623:
1488:
624:
324:
288:
195:
191:
49:"for his vivid epic power which has renewed the great narrative art of Iceland."
23:
2732:
2463:
1643:
987:
831:
723:
379:
335:
264:
3776:
3688:
371:
79:
3468:
2045:
1750:
1315:
1246:
1099:
946:
823:
760:
605:
572:
510:
163:
3644:
2077:
1057:
901:
2153:
could be declared the winner of the 1955 Nobel Prize in
Literature.
1584:
essays, novel, short story, poetry, literary criticism, philosophy
1997:
1579:
1513:
1480:
1185:
novel, short story, essays, poetry, screenplay, drama, philosophy
984:
novel, short story, drama, essays, biography, literary criticism
2310:
182:", and his place in world literature is among writers such as
418:
Official list of nominees and their nominators for the prize
319:. Three of the nominees were women namely the British critic
2198:
Sveinn
Hoskuldsson, "Scandinavica", 1972 supplement, pp. 1â2
519:
Royal
Academy of Science, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium
414:
died in 1955 without having been nominated for the prize.
1281:
novel, philosophy, essays, drama, memoir, translation
861:
novel, short story, poetry, drama, literary criticism
198:... He is the most prolific and skillful essayist in
2141:. A shared prize between Laxness and his countryman
3742:
3511:
3280:
3040:
2815:
2583:
2348:
104:
96:
86:
75:
56:
21:
2145:was proposed but rejected by the Nobel committee.
2161:In the presentation address for the Nobel prize
717:novel, short story, essays, philosophy, drama
547:novel, philosophy, essays, literary criticism
2322:
488:biography, novel, essays, literary criticism
8:
2329:
2315:
2307:
1925:biography, autobiography, essays, history
416:
41:
18:
1518:novel, literary criticism, essays, drama
2179:
1975:William Kleesmann Matthews (1901â1958)
1898:William Kleesmann Matthews (1901â1958)
417:
2242:
2240:
234:("Vefarinn mikli frĂĄ KasmĂr", 1927),
7:
1326:SteingrĂmur Ăorsteinsson (1911â1973)
2301:The Nobel Prize Award Ceremony 1955
2115:novel, poetry, essays, translation
2002:poetry, essays, literary criticism
1290:Society of Men of Letters of Greece
250:("Christianity at Glacier", 1968).
2249:"Nobelpriset gick till sagornas ö"
1413:novel, short story, drama, essays
1380:novel, essays, literary criticism
1320:novel, short story, drama, poetry
676:Eric Reginald Vincent (1894â1978)
14:
3810:Nobel Prize in Literature by year
246:("The Fish Can Sing", 1957), and
2247:Lars Lönnroth (8 January 2006).
2103:
2070:
2038:
2008:Giuseppe de Robertis (1888â1963)
1990:
1959:
1946:
1913:
1882:
1869:
1839:
1806:
1773:
1743:
1713:
1683:
1650:
1605:
1572:
1539:
1506:
1473:
1434:
1401:
1368:
1308:
1269:
1251:philosophy, essays, translation
1239:
1206:
1173:
1140:
1092:
1050:
1038:
1005:
972:
939:
894:
849:
816:
801:Erik Hjalmar Linder (1906â1994)
786:
753:
704:
691:
661:
646:Raymond Las Vergnas (1902â1994)
631:
598:
565:
535:
503:
491:Samson Soloveitchik (1887â1974)
476:
463:
450:
22:
1666:Constantine Athanasius Trypanis
220:Salka Valka: A Novel of Iceland
2187:Nobel Prize in Literature 1955
2118:Jan Kamerbeek Jr. (1905â1977)
1698:Jan Kamerbeek Jr. (1905â1977)
1068:Eugene Hudson Long (1908â1990)
828:philology, literary criticism
798:poetry, drama, essays, memoir
765:poetry, autobiography, essays
27:1955 Nobel Prize in Literature
1:
1755:poetry, novel, drama, essays
231:The Great Weaver from Kashmir
63:6 October 1955 (announcement)
2267:"1955 Award ceremony speech"
1455:Rudolf Grossmann (1892â1980)
1350:Stellan Arvidson (1902â1997)
1122:Stellan Arvidson (1902â1997)
240:("The Atom Station", 1948),
2054:Academia Nacional de Letras
1854:Gladys Doidge Willcock (?)
1758:Eduard von Jan (1885â1971)
1728:Alfred Jolivet (1885â1966)
1452:Gunnar Tilander (1894â1973)
1287:Lorentz Eckhoff (1884â1974)
1152:novel, short story, essays
1104:novel, short story, poetry
906:novel, short story, essays
610:novel, short story, memoir
225:SjĂĄlfstaett fĂłlk: Hetjusaga
3838:
1725:poetry, drama, screenplay
735:Birger Ekeberg (1880â1968)
408:Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
400:Alexandru Teodor Stamatiad
210:
2342:Nobel Prize in Literature
2232:Nomination archive â 1955
1907:George Macauley Trevelyan
434:
431:
428:
425:
422:
356:Robert P. Tristram Coffin
159:Nobel Prize in Literature
134:Nobel Prize in Literature
118:
40:
31:
2050:philosophy, law, essays
1395:William Somerset Maugham
550:Holger Sten (1907â1971)
499:EugĂšne Baie (1874â1964)
364:Joseph Jefferson Farjeon
327:, and the Danish author
277:William Somerset Maugham
2208:HalldĂłr Laxness â Facts
1851:poetry, essays, memoir
1822:Sergei Sergeyev-Tsensky
1785:poetry, memoir, essays
360:Lawrence Pearsall Jacks
248:Kristnihald undir Jökli
3304:Gabriel GarcĂa MĂĄrquez
3157:Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
2171:
1341:Sverker Ek (1887â1981)
1254:The Austrian PEN-Club
204:
168:HalldĂłr Kiljan Laxness
34:HalldĂłr Kiljan Laxness
3249:Isaac Bashevis Singer
3124:Miguel Ăngel Asturias
2797:Frans Eemil SillanpÀÀ
2528:Verner von Heidenstam
2383:BjĂžrnstjerne BjĂžrnson
2295:Award Ceremony speech
2167:
1384:Gladys Turquet-Milnes
966:Edward Morgan Forster
412:Augustin Josip UjeviÄ
172:
3820:1955 literary awards
2775:Roger Martin du Gard
2139:Ramón Menéndez Pidal
2018:Thomas Stearns Eliot
1677:Adriaan Roland Holst
1624:Thomas Stearns Eliot
1489:Thomas Stearns Eliot
1485:poetry, translation
1428:Ramón Menéndez Pidal
1134:Leslie Poles Hartley
810:Ernst Robert Curtius
730:Henrik Samuel Nyberg
323:, the Estonian poet
293:Ernst Robert Curtius
273:Adriaan Roland Holst
202:both old and new..."
200:Icelandic literature
3678:Svetlana Alexievich
3020:Salvatore Quasimodo
2706:Erik Axel Karlfeldt
2640:George Bernard Shaw
2497:Rabindranath Tagore
2475:Maurice Maeterlinck
2148:The members of the
2032:Carlos Vaz Ferreira
1446:philology, history
1072:Gerald Warner Brace
643:novel, short story
419:
313:Carlos Vaz Ferreira
162:was awarded to the
3623:Mario Vargas Llosa
3601:J. M. G. Le Clézio
3458:WisĆawa Szymborska
3238:Vicente Aleixandre
3109:Shmuel Yosef Agnon
2987:Juan Ramón Jiménez
2855:Johannes V. Jensen
2543:Henrik Pontoppidan
2409:Henryk Sienkiewicz
2131:Juan Ramón Jiménez
1984:Giuseppe Ungaretti
1737:Reinhold Schneider
1200:Juan Ramón Jiménez
1156:Geoffrey Tillotson
868:Maurice Le Boucher
769:Maurice Le Boucher
396:Robert E. Sherwood
384:Saadat Hasan Manto
340:Ruby Mildred Ayres
3797:
3796:
3755:Abdulrazak Gurnah
3634:Tomas Tranströmer
3135:Yasunari Kawabata
3098:Mikhail Sholokhov
2954:Winston Churchill
2629:WĆadysĆaw Reymont
2607:Jacinto Benavente
2486:Gerhart Hauptmann
2253:Svenska Dagbladet
2143:Gunnar Gunnarsson
2122:
2121:
1929:Winston Churchill
1800:Mikhail Sholokhov
1417:Geoffrey Bullough
1263:Nikos Kazantzakis
1189:Geoffrey Bullough
1086:Gunnar Gunnarsson
933:Lion Feuchtwanger
178:, the author of "
153:
152:
149:
148:
66:10 December 1955
3827:
3790:
3779:
3768:
3757:
3735:
3724:
3713:
3702:
3691:
3680:
3669:
3658:
3647:
3636:
3625:
3614:
3603:
3592:
3581:
3570:
3559:
3557:Elfriede Jelinek
3548:
3537:
3526:
3504:
3493:
3482:
3471:
3460:
3449:
3438:
3427:
3416:
3405:
3394:
3383:
3381:Camilo José Cela
3372:
3361:
3350:
3339:
3328:
3326:Jaroslav Seifert
3317:
3306:
3295:
3273:
3262:
3251:
3240:
3229:
3218:
3207:
3192:
3181:
3170:
3159:
3148:
3137:
3126:
3115:
3100:
3089:
3088:(declined award)
3086:Jean-Paul Sartre
3077:
3066:
3055:
3033:
3031:Saint-John Perse
3022:
3011:
3000:
2989:
2978:
2967:
2965:Ernest Hemingway
2956:
2945:
2943:François Mauriac
2934:
2923:
2921:Bertrand Russell
2912:
2910:William Faulkner
2901:
2890:
2879:
2868:
2866:Gabriela Mistral
2857:
2846:
2845:
2837:
2836:
2828:
2827:
2808:
2807:
2799:
2788:
2777:
2766:
2755:
2754:
2746:
2744:Luigi Pirandello
2735:
2724:
2713:
2697:
2686:
2675:
2664:
2653:
2642:
2631:
2620:
2609:
2598:
2576:
2565:
2554:
2553:
2545:
2530:
2519:
2508:
2507:
2499:
2488:
2477:
2466:
2455:
2444:
2433:
2422:
2411:
2400:
2394:Frédéric Mistral
2385:
2374:
2363:
2331:
2324:
2317:
2308:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2244:
2235:
2229:
2223:
2217:
2211:
2205:
2199:
2196:
2190:
2184:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2076:
2074:
2073:
2044:
2042:
2041:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1845:
1843:
1842:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1779:
1777:
1776:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1689:
1687:
1686:
1656:
1654:
1653:
1630:Dag Hammarskjöld
1611:
1609:
1608:
1599:Saint-John Perse
1588:Henri de Ziégler
1578:
1576:
1575:
1555:Una Ellis-Fermor
1545:
1543:
1542:
1522:Carlo Dionisotti
1512:
1510:
1509:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1440:
1438:
1437:
1407:
1405:
1404:
1374:
1372:
1371:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1222:Hjalmar Gullberg
1212:
1210:
1209:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1146:
1144:
1143:
1098:
1096:
1095:
1056:
1054:
1053:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1011:
1009:
1008:
978:
976:
975:
955:Victor Klemperer
945:
943:
942:
900:
898:
897:
888:Johan Falkberget
855:
853:
852:
822:
820:
819:
792:
790:
789:
759:
757:
756:
710:
708:
707:
697:
695:
694:
667:
665:
664:
637:
635:
634:
604:
602:
601:
571:
569:
568:
541:
539:
538:
509:
507:
506:
482:
480:
479:
469:
467:
466:
456:
454:
453:
420:
388:Adrienne Monnier
305:Saint-John Perse
243:BrekkukotsannĂĄll
176:Snorri Sturluson
120:
119:
114:
113:
111:Official website
45:
36:
26:
19:
3837:
3836:
3830:
3829:
3828:
3826:
3825:
3824:
3815:HalldĂłr Laxness
3800:
3799:
3798:
3793:
3788:to be announced
3782:
3771:
3760:
3749:
3738:
3727:
3716:
3705:
3694:
3683:
3672:
3667:Patrick Modiano
3661:
3650:
3639:
3628:
3617:
3606:
3595:
3584:
3573:
3562:
3551:
3540:
3529:
3518:
3507:
3496:
3485:
3474:
3463:
3452:
3441:
3430:
3419:
3408:
3403:Nadine Gordimer
3397:
3386:
3375:
3364:
3353:
3342:
3331:
3320:
3315:William Golding
3309:
3298:
3287:
3276:
3265:
3260:Odysseas Elytis
3254:
3243:
3232:
3221:
3216:Eugenio Montale
3210:
3205:Harry Martinson
3195:
3184:
3173:
3162:
3151:
3140:
3129:
3118:
3103:
3092:
3080:
3075:Giorgos Seferis
3069:
3058:
3047:
3036:
3025:
3014:
3009:Boris Pasternak
3003:
2992:
2981:
2976:HalldĂłr Laxness
2970:
2959:
2948:
2937:
2926:
2915:
2904:
2893:
2882:
2871:
2860:
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2303:nobelprize.org
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2297:nobelprize.org
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2289:External links
2287:
2284:
2283:
2271:NobelPrize.org
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2234:nobelprize.org
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1171:
1168:
1167:Aldous Huxley
1165:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1047:
1036:
1033:
1032:Igor Gouzenko
1030:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1013:United States
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
993:
989:
986:
983:
981:
970:
967:
964:
961:
960:
956:
953:
951:novel, drama
950:
948:
937:
934:
931:
928:
927:
920:
917:
914:
911:
910:
908:
905:
903:
892:
889:
886:
883:
882:
875:
872:
869:
866:
865:
863:
860:
858:
847:
844:
841:
838:
837:
833:
830:
827:
825:
814:
811:
808:
805:
804:
800:
797:
795:
784:
781:
778:
775:
774:
770:
767:
764:
762:
751:
748:
745:
742:
741:
734:
731:
728:
725:
722:
721:
719:
716:
713:
700:
689:
686:
683:
680:
679:
675:
672:
670:
659:
656:
655:Arthur Bryant
653:
650:
649:
645:
642:
640:
629:
626:
623:
620:
619:
615:
612:
609:
607:
596:
593:
590:
587:
586:
582:
579:
576:
574:
563:
560:
557:
554:
553:
549:
546:
544:
533:
530:
527:
524:
523:
520:
517:
514:
512:
501:
498:
495:
494:
490:
487:
485:
472:
459:
448:
445:
442:
439:
438:
435:Nominator(s)
421:
415:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
392:Robert Riskin
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
348:Dale Carnegie
345:
341:
337:
332:
330:
326:
322:
321:Edith Sitwell
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
269:Edith Sitwell
266:
258:
254:Deliberations
253:
251:
249:
245:
244:
239:
238:
233:
232:
227:
226:
221:
214:
206:
203:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
171:
169:
165:
161:
160:
145: →
144:
140:
137:
135:
132:
130:
126:
123:←
122:
121:
117:
112:
107:
103:
99:
97:First awarded
95:
92:
89:
85:
81:
78:
74:
65:
62:
61:
59:
55:
51:
50:
44:
39:
35:
30:
25:
20:
3787:
3766:Annie Ernaux
3743:2021âpresent
3733:Louise GlĂŒck
3722:Peter Handke
3612:Herta MĂŒller
3535:Imre Kertész
3502:Gao Xingjian
3491:GĂŒnter Grass
3436:KenzaburĆ Će
3348:Wole Soyinka
3337:Claude Simon
3168:Pablo Neruda
2998:Albert Camus
2971:
2710:posthumously
2709:
2274:. Retrieved
2270:
2261:
2252:
2227:
2215:
2203:
2194:
2182:
2168:
2163:Elias Wessén
2160:
2147:
2133:(awarded in
2128:
2099:(1898â1971)
2088:(1903â1995)
2066:(1897â1970)
2034:(1872â1958)
1986:(1888â1970)
1954:Soviet Union
1942:(1883â1980)
1931:(1874â1965)
1909:(1876â1962)
1877:Soviet Union
1865:(1883â1956)
1863:Gustav Suits
1835:(1887â1964)
1824:(1875â1958)
1814:Soviet Union
1802:(1905â1984)
1791:(1907â1969)
1769:(1900â1971)
1739:(1903â1958)
1709:(1885â1972)
1679:(1888â1976)
1668:(1909â1993)
1646:(1885â1972)
1601:(1887â1975)
1590:(1885â1970)
1568:(1881â1956)
1557:(1894â1958)
1535:(1880â1964)
1533:SeĂĄn O'Casey
1524:(1908â1998)
1502:(1907â1990)
1491:(1888â1965)
1469:(1896â1981)
1430:(1869â1968)
1419:(1901â1982)
1397:(1874â1965)
1386:(1887â1977)
1364:(1901â1976)
1345:Elias Wessén
1330:JĂłn Helgason
1304:(1902â1998)
1265:(1883â1957)
1235:(1873â1959)
1224:(1898â1961)
1202:(1881â1958)
1191:(1901â1982)
1169:(1894â1963)
1158:(1905â1969)
1136:(1895â1972)
1117:Henry Olsson
1088:(1889â1975)
1046:Soviet Union
1034:(1919â1982)
1023:(1904â1972)
1001:(1874â1963)
999:Robert Frost
990:(1908â1978)
968:(1879â1970)
957:(1881â1960)
935:(1884â1958)
919:Hans Heiberg
913:Harald Beyer
890:(1879â1967)
845:(1884â1966)
834:(1886â1962)
812:(1886â1956)
782:(1868â1955)
780:Paul Claudel
771:(1882â1964)
749:(1878â1956)
747:Hans Carossa
687:(1913â1960)
685:Albert Camus
657:(1899â1985)
627:(1888â1976)
616:(1889â1957)
614:Nils Ahnlund
594:(1885â1962)
592:Karen Blixen
583:(1889â1958)
561:(1886â1956)
531:(1867â1956)
529:Julien Benda
515:law, essays
458:Soviet Union
446:(1886â1957)
444:Mark Aldanov
334:The authors
333:
329:Karen Blixen
307:(awarded in
299:(awarded in
283:(awarded in
262:
247:
241:
235:
229:
223:
219:
216:
173:
156:
154:
138:
128:
87:Presented by
48:
47:
33:
3656:Alice Munro
3579:Orhan Pamuk
3392:Octavio Paz
3227:Saul Bellow
3113:Nelly Sachs
2899:T. S. Eliot
2684:Thomas Mann
2618:W. B. Yeats
2574:Knut Hamsun
2111:Netherlands
2020:(1888â1965)
2014:(1894â1989)
1940:Marie Under
1691:Netherlands
1632:(1905â1961)
1626:(1888â1965)
1347:(1889â1981)
1338:(1886â1974)
1332:(1899â1986)
1119:(1896â1985)
1113:(1904â1978)
1074:(1901â1978)
921:(1904â1978)
915:(1891â1960)
876:(1889â1978)
870:(1882â1964)
732:(1889â1974)
726:(1869â1967)
625:Henri Bosco
325:Marie Under
289:Henri Bosco
259:Nominations
3804:Categories
3053:Ivo AndriÄ
2888:André Gide
2733:Ivan Bunin
2464:Paul Heyse
2276:21 October
2174:References
1644:Ezra Pound
988:Denys Page
832:Max Vasmer
724:Bo Bergman
380:Roger Mais
336:James Agee
265:Ezra Pound
237:Atómstöðin
180:Njals saga
68:(ceremony)
3777:Jon Fosse
3689:Bob Dylan
3512:2001â2020
3281:1981â2000
3041:1961â1980
2816:1941â1960
2584:1921â1940
2349:1901â1920
2338:Laureates
432:Genre(s)
372:Hong Shen
184:Cervantes
164:Icelandic
80:Stockholm
3469:Dario Fo
673:history
429:Country
426:Nominee
207:Laureate
82:, Sweden
76:Location
2340:of the
2165:stated:
2046:Uruguay
1972:poetry
1967:Estonia
1890:Estonia
1751:Germany
1695:poetry
1617:poetry
1547:Ireland
1316:Iceland
1247:Austria
1100:Iceland
947:Germany
824:Germany
761:Germany
712:Algeria
606:Denmark
573:Germany
511:Belgium
471:Ukraine
192:Tolstoy
166:writer
105:Website
3645:Mo Yan
2137:) and
2108:
2078:Norway
2075:
2043:
1995:
1964:
1951:
1918:
1887:
1874:
1844:
1818:novel
1811:
1781:Greece
1778:
1748:
1721:France
1718:
1688:
1655:
1613:France
1610:
1577:
1544:
1511:
1478:
1439:
1406:
1376:France
1373:
1313:
1277:Greece
1274:
1244:
1211:
1178:
1145:
1097:
1058:Canada
1055:
1043:
1010:
977:
944:
902:Norway
899:
857:France
854:
821:
794:France
791:
758:
709:
699:France
696:
666:
639:France
636:
603:
570:
543:France
540:
508:
484:France
481:
468:
455:
410:, and
315:, and
196:Hamsun
194:, and
141:
127:
1998:Italy
1580:Italy
1514:Italy
1481:Italy
1442:Spain
1214:Spain
157:1955
16:Award
3784:2024
3773:2023
3762:2022
3751:2021
3729:2020
3718:2019
3707:2018
3696:2017
3685:2016
3674:2015
3663:2014
3652:2013
3641:2012
3630:2011
3619:2010
3608:2009
3597:2008
3586:2007
3575:2006
3564:2005
3553:2004
3542:2003
3531:2002
3520:2001
3498:2000
3487:1999
3476:1998
3465:1997
3454:1996
3443:1995
3432:1994
3421:1993
3410:1992
3399:1991
3388:1990
3377:1989
3366:1988
3355:1987
3344:1986
3333:1985
3322:1984
3311:1983
3300:1982
3289:1981
3267:1980
3256:1979
3245:1978
3234:1977
3223:1976
3212:1975
3197:1974
3186:1973
3175:1972
3164:1971
3153:1970
3142:1969
3131:1968
3120:1967
3105:1966
3094:1965
3082:1964
3071:1963
3060:1962
3049:1961
3027:1960
3016:1959
3005:1958
2994:1957
2983:1956
2972:1955
2961:1954
2950:1953
2939:1952
2928:1951
2917:1950
2906:1949
2895:1948
2884:1947
2873:1946
2862:1945
2851:1944
2843:1943
2834:1942
2825:1941
2805:1940
2793:1939
2782:1938
2771:1937
2760:1936
2752:1935
2740:1934
2729:1933
2718:1932
2702:1931
2691:1930
2680:1929
2669:1928
2658:1927
2647:1926
2636:1925
2625:1924
2614:1923
2603:1922
2592:1921
2570:1920
2559:1919
2551:1918
2535:1917
2524:1916
2513:1915
2505:1914
2493:1913
2482:1912
2471:1911
2460:1910
2449:1909
2438:1908
2427:1907
2416:1906
2405:1905
2390:1904
2379:1903
2368:1902
2357:1901
2278:2018
2135:1956
423:No.
309:1960
301:1963
285:1975
188:Zola
155:The
143:1956
125:1954
100:1901
57:Date
2093:46
2060:45
2028:44
1980:43
1936:42
1903:41
1859:40
1829:39
1796:38
1763:37
1733:36
1703:35
1673:34
1640:33
1595:32
1562:31
1529:30
1496:29
1463:28
1424:27
1391:26
1358:25
1298:24
1259:23
1229:22
1196:21
1163:20
1130:19
1082:18
1028:17
995:16
962:15
929:14
884:13
839:12
806:11
776:10
311:),
303:),
287:),
3806::
3786::
3775::
3764::
3753::
3731::
3720::
3709::
3698::
3687::
3676::
3665::
3654::
3643::
3632::
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3588::
3577::
3566::
3555::
3544::
3533::
3522::
3500::
3489::
3478::
3467::
3456::
3445::
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3423::
3412::
3401::
3390::
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3368::
3357::
3346::
3335::
3324::
3313::
3302::
3291::
3269::
3258::
3247::
3236::
3225::
3214::
3203:/
3199::
3188::
3177::
3166::
3155::
3144::
3133::
3122::
3111:/
3107::
3096::
3084::
3073::
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3018::
3007::
2996::
2985::
2974::
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2853::
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2704::
2693::
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2671::
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2649::
2638::
2627::
2616::
2605::
2594::
2572::
2561::
2541:/
2537::
2526::
2515::
2495::
2484::
2473::
2462::
2451::
2440::
2429::
2418::
2407::
2396:/
2392::
2381::
2370::
2359::
2269:.
2251:.
2239:^
1969:)
1892:)
743:9
714:)
681:8
651:7
621:6
588:5
555:4
525:3
496:2
440:1
406:,
402:,
398:,
394:,
390:,
386:,
382:,
378:,
374:,
370:,
366:,
362:,
358:,
354:,
350:,
346:,
342:,
338:,
331:.
295:,
291:,
279:,
275:,
271:,
267:,
190:,
186:,
2712:)
2708:(
2330:e
2323:t
2316:v
2280:.
1957:(
1880:(
702:(
473:)
461:(
139:·
129:·
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