395:
Without wasting further time in a long case that was affecting their livelihoods, some of the affected residents travelled to Japan to meet up with the highest authority of
Mitsubishi Chemical, one of the company major shareholders, to explain their dire situation which was also heard by Japanese environmentalists. With Mitsubishi's intervention and further international pressure, the company finally stopped their operations despite having won the court battle locally. Mitsubishi Chemical reached an out-of-court settlement with the affected residents by agreeing to donate $ 164,000 to the community's schools while denying any responsibility for the related illnesses from pollution caused by the ARE related works.
482:
32:
434:
446:
458:
39:
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402:
was the focus of a US$ 100 million cleanup that proceeded in 2011. After having accomplished the hilltop entombment of 11,000 truckloads of radioactively contaminated material, the project is expected to entail in the summer of 2011, the removal of "more than 80,000 steel barrels of radioactive waste
381:
with 1,500 people from the affected area present to hear the verdict. A temporary stop work order was subsequently issued by the court until satisfactory safety measures were taken by the ARE company. However, in just a month after the order, the company invited an
American atomic specialist to prove
389:
With the company's refusal to stop despite the court order, the affected residents began to sue the company which evolved into a court battle that lasted 32 months and in July 1992, the residents won their case against the company with the court ordering them to close their factory within 14 days.
394:
where the Ipoh High Court's decision was suspended under two reasons, being that the ARE's experts were more trustworthy and asking the residents to ask the
Malaysian atomic board themselves to withdraw the company license as the board had the power to do so under the Atomic Energy Licensing Act.
301:
also denying any potential health hazards and stressing that the disposal site was safe as it was built under strict regulations, challenging the affected residents to back up their claims that the disposal site was indeed hazardous. Despite the conclusion gathered from international experts, the
386:(AELB) with the Japanese expert discovering that the radiation levels at these places were significantly over the ICRP's maximum safety limit. The company was then ordered by the court to stop all operations but the AELB still issued a license to the company to continue their operations in 1987.
323:
To prove that their claims were indeed true, the residents of Papan aided by residents from the nearby towns of Bukit Merah, Lahat, Menglembu and Taman Badri Shah formed the Bukit Merah Acting
Committee. The committee was visited by a local environmentalist group Sahabat Alam Malaysia (SAM) who
258:
and smoke from the factory where they also had reported breathing difficulties as a result of the pollution. The residents later discovered in 1984 that the extracting company of ARE had built a waste channel to a disposal site near their town under the consent of the state government of Perak.
310:
showed his concern by visiting the site and subsequent cabinet meeting led by the latter was held to move the disposal site to the
Kledang Range, about 5 kilometres from the town area. Following the third revelation, the federal government through a minister from the Prime Minister's Office
267:
Upon knowing that the state government were in part involved in the activities, around 6,700 residents from the affected town of Papan and several others from nearby towns signed a petition that was subsequently sent to various government departments, including the
356:
also found that the waste channel is not safe for the public. Another expert from Japan was called thereafter to gather further evidence where he found that the radiation levels were 800 times the permitted maximum level.
382:
the factory is safe to continue its operation. This was countered with the second visit by the expert from Japan along with two former workers of the company revealing several more thorium dumping sites in Bukit Merah to
296:
responded that the government had taken every precaution to ensure safety with the construction of the radioactive disposal site continuing regardless of the protest, with the
Science, Technology and Environment Minister
194:. The outcome of the pollution case took several years to complete with no acknowledgement of responsibilities from companies involved despite the closure of factory in 1994 that become the source of pollution.
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while 3,000 residents including women and children participated in a peaceful assembly and another 200 blocked the road to the waste disposal site.
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Asia Rare Earth Sdn Bhd (ARE) ceased its operation following increasing pressure locally and internationally with its factory being closed in 1994
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said the levels were still safe despite it being more than the limit, with the excuse of the number of sites being very small.
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government decided to proceed with the activities where the residents later continue their protests and performed a one-day
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businessmen owning lesser shares. In 1982, the newly established company began extracting yttrium from a mineral named
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It was decided that the waste will be owned by the Perak State
Government. It will be stored as it has potential as a
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254:. Since the ARE started its operation, residents from a nearby town of Papan began to complain of an unpleasant
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336:(ICRP) with a memorandum then being submitted to the country Prime Minister. With the increasing pressure, the
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519:"30 Years Ago, a Huge Radioactive Incident Happened in Perak. And They're Still Cleaning It Up..."
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extracting company named Asia Rare Earth Sdn Bhd (ARE) was established in 1979 for
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1726:
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109:
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344:(IAEA) to visit the factory where three international nuclear experts from
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Even with the second court order, the company filed an appeal case to the
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against the government decision. In 1985, Malaysian Deputy Prime
Minister
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762:
399:
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at the open space and pool near the factory with the conclusion that the
243:
191:
161:
1499:
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in these places was 88 times higher than the upper limit allowed by the
502:"Photo Essay: Lessons from radioactive poisoning in Bukit Merah (1985)"
398:
After the 1982 Bukit Merah radioactive pollution incident, the mine in
251:
247:
223:
667:
The
Corporate Planet: Ecology and Politics in the Age of Globalization
578:"Chronology of events in the Bukit Merah Asian Rare Earth development"
374:
412:
364:
345:
255:
187:
79:
1574:
792:
246:
which contains rare-earth elements and the radioactive elements
1503:
735:
572:
570:
568:
566:
564:
38:
711:
Green
Backlash: Global Subversion of the Environment Movement
562:
560:
558:
556:
554:
552:
550:
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546:
544:
373:
In 1985, eight of the town residents including one who is a
369:
Ipoh High Court, where the presiding on the case being held.
1449:
Effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on Malaysia
691:
Vinod Raina; Aditi Chowdhury; Sumit Chowdhury (1999).
292:
Nonetheless, the Malaysian Prime Minister at the time
422:
234:
and Beh Minerals (both with 35% share) together with
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334:
International Commission on Radiological Protection
153:
145:
137:
125:
86:
71:
53:
640:Wasted lives: radioactive poisoning in Bukit Merah
612:"Mitsubishi Quietly Cleans Up Its Former Refinery"
226:extraction in Bukit Merah, Perak with the biggest
46:1982 Bukit Merah radioactive pollution (Malaysia)
694:The dispossessed: victims of development in Asia
263:Affected residents reaction toward the pollution
164:cases within five years in a community of 11,000
1753:ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution
1089:2014–15 floods in Southeast Asia and South Asia
670:. University of California Press. p. 120.
202:
1001:2014 Negeri Sembilan and Selangor water crisis
213:—Translated Excerpt from Consumer Association.
1515:
747:
282:Science, Technology, and Environment Ministry
8:
935:COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2020–present)
340:then invited a team comprising members from
21:
16:Radioactive waste dumping in Perak, Malaysia
1208:Peninsula Malaysia tornado outbreak of 2014
1795:
1788:
1548:
1541:
1522:
1508:
1500:
1069:2010 floods in Thailand and north Malaysia
1023:
965:
788:
779:
754:
740:
732:
580:. Penang Consumer Association. 11 May 2011
20:
637:Consumers Association of Penang (1993).
1808:2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster
900:1998–1999 Malaysia Nipah virus outbreak
605:
603:
601:
599:
597:
595:
540:
429:
149:Seven dead as a result of the pollution
1661:1982 Bukit Merah radioactive pollution
920:Sarawak rabies outbreak (2017–present)
869:1982 Bukit Merah radioactive pollution
172:1982 Bukit Merah radioactive pollution
22:1982 Bukit Merah radioactive pollution
714:. Taylor & Francis. p. 265.
7:
910:2009 flu pandemic in Malaysia (H1N1)
643:. Consumers' Association of Penang.
1371:Severe Tropical Storm Sonamu (2013)
1256:Severe Tropical Storm Irving (1985)
708:Andrew Rowell (25 September 2017).
319:Investigation and subsequent events
1831:2019 Kim Kim River toxic pollution
978:2019 Kim Kim River toxic pollution
342:International Atomic Energy Agency
232:Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Ltd
14:
1923:Radiation accidents and incidents
1826:2016 Vietnam marine life disaster
1271:Tropical Depression BOB 03 (1993)
1241:Severe Tropical Storm Judy (1971)
1226:Tropical Depression Gloria (1965)
1182:2008 Bukit Antarabangsa landslide
1079:2014 Cameron Highlands mud floods
1074:2013 Cameron Highlands mud floods
1908:Environmental issues in Malaysia
1484:Environmental issues in Malaysia
1296:Tropical Depression Hilda (1999)
1121:2022 Malaysian east coast floods
953:2015–16 Kuantan bauxite disaster
610:Bradsher, Keith (8 March 2011).
480:
468:
456:
444:
432:
37:
30:
1800:Water radioactive contamination
1281:Tropical Depression Greg (1996)
930:2019 Kuala Koh measles outbreak
377:victim brought the case to the
1918:Man-made disasters in Malaysia
1431:Tropical Depression 29W (2021)
1391:Tropical Depression 29W (2017)
1376:Tropical Storm Shanshan (2013)
1366:Tropical Depression 25W (2012)
1361:Tropical Depression 26W (2011)
1356:Tropical Depression 25W (2011)
1351:Tropical Depression 19W (2010)
1346:Tropical Depression 01W (2010)
1341:Tropical Depression 01W (2008)
1326:Tropical Depression 25W (2005)
1311:Tropical Depression 29W (2001)
1306:Tropical Depression 32W (1999)
1301:Tropical Depression 31W (1999)
1276:Tropical Depression 34W (1995)
1064:2006–07 Southeast Asian floods
996:1998 Klang Valley water crisis
618:. (March 9, 2011 p. B4 NY ed.)
1:
1653:Air radioactive contamination
1401:Tropical Storm Kai-tak (2017)
1266:Tropical Storm Forrest (1992)
1172:2002 Taman Hillview landslide
1144:2024 Southeast Asia heat wave
384:Atomic Energy Licensing Board
1913:Health disasters in Malaysia
1836:Pollution of the Pasig River
1588:1997 Indonesian forest fires
1406:Tropical Storm Toraji (2018)
1381:Tropical Storm Jangmi (2014)
1177:2006 Kampung Pasir landslide
801:1997 Indonesian forest fires
403:to the hilltop repository."
1411:Tropical Storm Pabuk (2019)
1316:Tropical Storm Vamei (2001)
1286:Tropical Storm Linda (1997)
1162:1993 Pantai Remis landslide
925:2018 Malaysia HFMD outbreak
915:2015–16 Zika virus epidemic
697:. Arena Press. p. 268.
59:; 42 years ago
1964:
1938:1982 disasters in Malaysia
1467:2024 Kuala Lumpur sinkhole
1386:Tropical Depression (2016)
1236:Tropical Storm Ruth (1970)
1192:2022 Batang Kali landslide
1187:2011 Hulu Langat landslide
1116:2021–2022 Malaysian floods
1101:2015 East Malaysian floods
895:1997 Sarawak HFMD outbreak
517:Badd Hakim (7 June 2019).
274:Prime Minister of Malaysia
230:for the company being the
1763:Pollutant Standards Index
1643:2019 Vietnam forest fires
1479:
1291:Tropical Storm Gil (1998)
861:Radioactive contamination
851:2019 Southeast Asian haze
846:2017 Southeast Asian haze
836:2015 Southeast Asian haze
831:2013 Southeast Asian haze
826:2010 Southeast Asian haze
821:2009 Southeast Asian haze
816:2006 Southeast Asian haze
806:1997 Southeast Asian haze
500:Sze Ming (7 March 2012).
418:Radioactive contamination
26:
1948:Waste disposal incidents
1928:Radiation health effects
1770:Great Green Wall (China)
1167:Highland Towers collapse
1111:2020–21 Malaysian floods
1059:1971 Kuala Lumpur floods
664:Joshua Karliner (1997).
1933:1982 crimes in Malaysia
1094:2014–15 Malaysia floods
1084:Early 2014 Sabah floods
110:4.546337°N 101.046873°E
1561:2010 China dust storms
1336:Typhoon Hagibis (2007)
370:
270:Menteri Besar of Perak
210:
178:pollution incident in
1530:Asia pollution topics
1426:Typhoon Molave (2020)
1421:Typhoon Saudel (2020)
1416:Typhoon Lekima (2019)
1396:Typhoon Tembin (2017)
1106:2016 Malaysian floods
1041:2015 Sabah earthquake
1036:1976 Sabah earthquake
905:Global spread of H5N1
368:
299:Stephen Yong Kuet Tze
1737:Southeast Asian haze
1321:Typhoon Muifa (2004)
1251:Typhoon Percy (1983)
1246:Typhoon Sally (1972)
1231:Typhoon Sally (1967)
338:Malaysian government
288:Government responses
129:Illegal disposal of
115:4.546337; 101.046873
1623:2016 Malaysian haze
1593:2005 Malaysian haze
1331:Typhoon Utor (2006)
1139:2023 Asia heat wave
841:2016 Malaysian haze
811:2005 Malaysian haze
106: /
23:
1489:Health in Malaysia
1261:Typhoon Gay (1989)
616:The New York Times
475:Nuclear technology
371:
154:Non-fatal injuries
1895:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1844:
1843:
1792:Notable incidents
1778:
1777:
1722:Asian brown cloud
1669:
1668:
1545:Notable incidents
1497:
1496:
1475:
1474:
1019:Natural disasters
1013:
1012:
1009:
1008:
877:
876:
721:978-1-351-56499-1
677:978-0-87156-434-4
650:978-967-9950-80-9
176:radioactive waste
168:
167:
131:radioactive waste
1955:
1943:1982 in Malaysia
1818:Marine pollution
1796:
1789:
1746:Counter-measures
1715:Recurrent issues
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1501:
1024:
966:
789:
780:
775:Health disasters
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326:radiation levels
294:Mahathir Mohamad
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1784:Water pollution
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1710:
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1218:Tropical storms
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494:Further reading
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278:Health Ministry
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1758:Operation Haze
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945:Soil pollution
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927:
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917:
912:
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897:
891:
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887:Viral diseases
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350:United Kingdom
320:
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313:Kasitah Gaddam
289:
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184:Kinta District
166:
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133:to nearby town
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90:
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36:
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1849:By countries
1674:By countries
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1571:Forest fires
962:Water issues
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620:. Retrieved
615:
582:. Retrieved
523:. Retrieved
506:. Retrieved
504:. LoyarBurok
397:
388:
372:
322:
291:
266:
228:shareholders
217:
211:
203:
171:
169:
18:
1878:Philippines
1028:Earthquakes
451:Environment
236:Tabung Haji
186:in Central
180:Bukit Merah
113: /
101:101°02′49″E
88:Coordinates
76:Bukit Merah
1902:Categories
1727:Asian Dust
1553:Dust storm
1154:Landslides
1131:Heat waves
883:Contagious
535:References
521:cilisos.my
379:High Court
361:Court case
352:, and the
308:Musa Hitam
240:Bumiputera
238:and other
220:rare earth
198:Background
160:and eight
82:, Malaysia
1686:Hong Kong
1459:Sinkholes
1201:Tornadoes
970:Pollution
763:Disasters
584:26 August
525:26 August
508:26 August
330:radiation
98:4°32′47″N
1701:Malaysia
1441:Tsunamis
988:Scarcity
767:Malaysia
463:Malaysia
407:See also
400:Malaysia
280:and the
244:monazite
208:source.
192:Malaysia
162:leukemia
72:Location
1883:Vietnam
622:9 March
487:Physics
425:Portals
252:uranium
248:thorium
224:yttrium
138:Outcome
62: (
1732:Shamal
1706:Taiwan
1051:Floods
718:
674:
647:
375:cancer
348:, the
276:, the
272:, the
146:Deaths
1873:Japan
1868:India
1856:China
1696:Macau
1691:India
1681:China
413:Lynas
346:Japan
256:odour
188:Perak
174:is a
126:Cause
80:Perak
1575:haze
1573:and
793:Haze
716:ISBN
672:ISBN
645:ISBN
624:2011
586:2019
527:2019
510:2019
439:Asia
250:and
170:The
64:1982
57:1982
54:Date
765:in
182:of
1904::
614:.
594:^
543:^
218:A
190:,
78:,
1523:e
1516:t
1509:v
885:/
755:e
748:t
741:v
724:.
680:.
653:.
626:.
588:.
529:.
512:.
427::
66:)
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