110:
326:
1018:
1023:
36:
321:
982:. His showing was significant in a number of ways. First, it demonstrated that none of the major political parties had been able to attract lower middle-class and proletarian urban groups, who had flocked to el compadre; Palenque had wisely targeted marginal and displaced sectors of La Paz. Second, Condepa's showing reflected the growth of racial and ethnic tension in Bolivian electoral politics. For the first time in the history of the
235:
402:
1943:
754:
117:
951:. Popularly known as el compadre (the comrade), Palenque was a former folksinger turned radio and television owner and talk show host. His "popular" style of broadcasting had always enjoyed widespread appeal in the working-class and marginal neighborhoods surrounding La Paz. For at least a decade, Palenque had been regarded as a possible candidate for
124:
242:
895:
The situation was more complex in the MNR where, after a bitter internal struggle, Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada, a pragmatic former
Minister of Planning and Coordination and prominent entrepreneur, captured the party's nomination. The MNR's strategy was to develop Sánchez de Lozada's image as a veteran
977:
Ten parties and fronts contested the election, which was held as scheduled on May 7, 1989. The results, a virtual three-way tie among the MNR, ADN, and MIR, were not surprising. As expected, Congress once again was given the task of electing the next president from the top three contenders. But the
1002:
The composition of
Congress exacerbated the tensions between the parties in contention. Because seventy-nine seats are needed to elect a president, compromise was indispensable. In mid-1989, however, it was unclear whether the political system in Bolivia had matured enough to allow for compromise.
908:
Following a similar electoral logic, the MIR sought to broaden its base of support by establishing ties with several parties, including Carlos
Serrate Reich's 9 April Revolutionary Vanguard, the Revolutionary Front of the Left, and a number of dissidents from the MNRI. Paz Zamora, the MIR's
875:
must be established; yet, electoral alliances have never translated into stable or effective ruling coalitions. On the contrary, electoral alliances have exacerbated the tensions built into a complex system. Thus, once in power, whoever controls the executive must search for mechanisms or
1714:, whilst the MNR's Sánchez was not supported by any other party. The United Left abstained from the vote. For the support of the ADN, the MIR chose to elect Hugo Banzer's running mate Luis Ossio (PDC) as vice president rather than Gustavo Fernández Saavedra, Paz Zamora's running mate.
936:, especially the COB. Given the historical divisions within the Bolivian left, however, the IU was not perceived to be a serious contender. If it could maintain unity beyond the 1989 elections, observers believed that its impact might be greater than anticipated.
994:
of the elections. Indeed, negotiations were well advanced between the MIR and ADN to upstage the relative victory obtained by the MNR. Between May and early August, the top three finishers bargained and manipulated in an attempt to secure control of the
900:
background. The task of converting the candidate into an old party member apparently succeeded: old-line populist politicians dominated the first slots on the party's legislative lists. The naming of former president
891:
as Banzer's running mate in an effort to attract other political elements. Banzer led every major poll, and the ADN repeatedly called for
Congress to respect the first majority to emerge from the May 7 election.
989:
Claims of fraud from every contender, especially in the recounting of the votes, clouded the legitimacy of the process. At one stage, fearing an agreement between the ADN and MIR, the MNR called for the
864:(ADN) refused to go along with its ally and eventually charged the MNR with conducting fraudulent registrations. By mid-February this issue had triggered the rupture of the pacto.
896:
movimientista (movement leader) to capture populist support. At the same time, party strategists intended to attract support from outside the party by building on the candidate's
974:(Conciencia de la Patria—Condepa), which grouped together a bizarre strain of disaffected leftists, populists, and nationalists who had defected from several other parties.
1251:
514:
978:
slight majority (a mere 5,815 votes) obtained by the MNR's candidate, Sánchez de Lozada, was surprising to observers, as was the unexpected victory by
Palenque in
791:
1931:
2664:
2443:
2293:
1909:
643:
2710:
2659:
1825:
836:
In the initial months of 1989, the
Revolutionary Nationalist Movement (MNR) tried in vain to postpone the election date, arguing that the deadline for
2546:
2536:
2705:
2674:
2669:
2644:
2058:
734:
627:
619:
2288:
721:
717:
1861:
1743:
1479:
1127:
844:
of 1986. Arguing that the new registration requirements, which limited registration to citizens who possessed cédulas de identidad (national
825:
698:
541:
536:
371:
166:
109:
884:
574:
2048:
2043:
880:
such as the pacto to be able to govern. This search was the single most important challenge facing
Bolivian politicians into the 1980s.
661:
2383:
2373:
2358:
2348:
2343:
2333:
2323:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2053:
1763:
1474:
1063:
813:
809:
635:
502:
492:
353:
156:
2516:
2501:
784:
422:
325:
2628:
2556:
2551:
2531:
1924:
1283:
606:
582:
2613:
2577:
2541:
1648:
2608:
1017:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2378:
2368:
2363:
2353:
2338:
2328:
2318:
2223:
2218:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2013:
2008:
598:
590:
509:
60:
50:
2700:
1707:
1469:
1345:
1095:
905:
as the vice presidential candidate was perceived as further evidence of the party's success in influencing the candidate.
861:
569:
497:
449:
161:
2038:
2654:
2263:
2253:
2243:
2238:
2185:
1758:
1068:
971:
913:
817:
777:
764:
691:
134:
2521:
2511:
2506:
2496:
2491:
2486:
883:
As expected, every political party was forced to scramble for new allies. The ADN joined forces with the now minuscule
2623:
2618:
2603:
2561:
2526:
1917:
1560:
2587:
2582:
2258:
2248:
2233:
2228:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1315:
1256:
979:
967:
929:
909:
candidate, led in some polls, and most analysts agreed that he would pose a significant threat to the MNR and ADN.
678:
462:
282:
840:
restricted citizen participation. In
December 1988, the party's delegation in Congress had managed to amend the
2695:
2649:
1711:
1484:
1159:
546:
267:
349:
427:
415:
739:
668:
1538:
1516:
1191:
921:
917:
703:
272:
1022:
1955:
1947:
1626:
1288:
673:
562:
445:
361:
342:
902:
868:
392:
17:
959:
940:
872:
849:
837:
474:
467:
1902:
Presidentes de
Bolivia: entre urnas y fusiles : el poder ejecutivo, los ministros de estado
1857:
1670:
1221:
983:
925:
853:
729:
320:
176:
986:, for example, a woman dressed in native garb would serve as a deputy for La Paz Department.
955:
of La Paz; during the 1987 municipal elections, his name was under consideration by the MNR.
1738:
1604:
1582:
1132:
996:
857:
821:
367:
145:
234:
1494:
1164:
963:
948:
933:
828:(MIR) in the congressional vote, despite the MIR only finishing third in the public vote.
252:
758:
2689:
1849:
845:
841:
808:
on 7 May 1989. As no candidate for the presidency received over 50% of the vote, the
707:
897:
1900:
1100:
401:
139:
958:
Palenque's move into national politics was prompted by the closing down of his
123:
970:, against the Bolivian government. To promote his candidacy, Palenque founded
888:
182:
116:
991:
877:
455:
912:
The left attempted a comeback following the disastrous experience of the
1942:
805:
1693:
944:
952:
924:(IU). The IU brought together splinter factions of the MIR, the
1913:
241:
812:
was required to elect a president on 6 August. Although the
816:
had received the most votes, its candidate for
President
1854:
Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II
2637:
2596:
2570:
2479:
2184:
1954:
920:, the left grouped into a broad front labelled the
867:The end of the pacto revealed an old reality about
79:
71:
1029:
330:Results by department (left) and province (right)
852:, the MNR pushed through legislation that added
337:
1252:Revolutionary Liberation Movement TĂşpac Katari
1925:
785:
8:
27:
962:for airing accusations made by an infamous
1932:
1918:
1910:
1716:
1462:
1010:
792:
778:
387:
26:
1842:
1811:
1800:
1789:
1785:
1774:
1690:
1450:
1437:
1424:
1411:
1398:
1394:
1371:
860:cards as valid registration documents.
390:
1691:
1826:Bolivian National Congress, 1989–1993
1801:
1790:
1721:
1438:
1425:
1412:
1399:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
7:
1948:Elections and referendums in Bolivia
916:years. Headed by Antonio Aranibar's
515:President of the Chamber of Deputies
1694:Constituency-Level Election Archive
932:, and it counted on the support of
18:1989 Bolivian presidential election
1764:Revolutionary Nationalist Movement
1706:MIR's Paz Zamora was supported by
1064:Revolutionary Nationalist Movement
814:Revolutionary Nationalist Movement
493:Plurinational Legislative Assembly
25:
2711:Presidential elections in Bolivia
1941:
1905:(in Spanish). Editorial Gisbert.
1284:Katarist United Liberation Front
1021:
1016:
752:
400:
324:
319:
240:
233:
122:
115:
108:
34:
2706:1989 elections in South America
804:General elections were held in
939:The main newcomer to national
848:), constituted a violation of
28:1989 Bolivian general election
1:
1885:New York: Facts On File, p205
1708:Nationalist Democratic Action
1346:Movement of the National Left
1096:Nationalist Democratic Action
862:Nationalist Democratic Action
570:Plurinational Electoral Organ
972:Conscience of the Fatherland
1744:Revolutionary Left Movement
1128:Revolutionary Left Movement
826:Revolutionary Left Movement
699:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
537:Supreme Tribunal of Justice
287:Wálter Delgadillo Terceros
188:Gustavo Fernández Saavedra
2727:
1899:G, Carlos D. Mesa (2003).
1883:A brief history of Bolivia
1669:
1647:
1625:
1603:
1581:
1559:
1537:
1515:
1493:
1316:Bolivian Socialist Falange
943:, although no stranger to
871:. To achieve power, broad
1812:
1802:Registered voters/turnout
1786:
1775:
1759:Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada
1730:
1727:
1724:
1451:
1447:
1439:Registered voters/turnout
1434:
1421:
1408:
1395:
1372:
1069:Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1015:
818:Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada
382:
335:
317:
283:Jorge Escobari Cusicanqui
257:Antonio AranĂbar Quiroga
224:
135:Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada
100:
93:
87:
44:
32:
1881:Walter Q Morales (2003)
1712:Conscience of Fatherland
1196:Antonio Aranibar Quiroga
1160:Conscience of Fatherland
662:Administrative divisions
542:Constitutional Tribunal
503:President of the Senate
1956:Presidential elections
1033:Presidential candidate
838:electoral registration
718:Diplomatic missions of
2186:Legislative elections
918:Free Bolivia Movement
704:Chancellor of Bolivia
350:VĂctor Paz Estenssoro
95:Presidential election
2701:Elections in Bolivia
1702:Congressional ballot
1289:Jenaro Flores Santos
1257:VĂctor Hugo Cárdenas
1226:Roger Cortéz Hurtado
968:Roberto Suárez Goméz
2597:Ombudsman elections
1718:
1413:Invalid/blank votes
1350:Luis Sandoval MorĂłn
1012:
903:Walter Guevara Arze
885:Christian Democrats
873:electoral alliances
616:Recent referendums
510:Chamber of Deputies
498:Chamber of Senators
393:Politics of Bolivia
29:
2571:Judicial elections
1717:
1011:
960:television station
941:electoral politics
854:birth certificates
850:universal suffrage
759:Bolivia portal
475:Cabinet of Bolivia
468:David Choquehuanca
292:Popular vote
279:Running mate
193:Popular vote
173:Running mate
2683:
2682:
1862:978-0-19-928358-3
1817:
1816:
1699:
1698:
1456:
1455:
1222:Socialist Party-1
984:Bolivian Congress
980:La Paz Department
926:Socialist Party-1
869:Bolivian politics
810:National Congress
802:
801:
735:Visa requirements
692:Foreign relations
646:(confidence vote)
579:Recent elections
575:Political parties
386:
385:
378:
377:
313:
312:
89:
67:
66:
16:(Redirected from
2718:
1946:
1945:
1934:
1927:
1920:
1911:
1906:
1886:
1879:
1873:
1870:
1864:
1847:
1739:Jaime Paz Zamora
1719:
1463:
1133:Jaime Paz Zamora
1025:
1020:
1013:
997:executive branch
858:military service
822:Jaime Paz Zamora
820:was defeated by
794:
787:
780:
757:
756:
755:
647:
639:
631:
623:
610:
602:
594:
586:
550:
404:
388:
368:Jaime Paz Zamora
338:
328:
323:
244:
237:
146:Jaime Paz Zamora
126:
119:
112:
102:
101:
88:
46:
45:
39:
38:
37:
30:
21:
2726:
2725:
2721:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2696:1989 in Bolivia
2686:
2685:
2684:
2679:
2633:
2592:
2566:
2480:Local elections
2475:
2180:
1950:
1940:
1938:
1898:
1895:
1890:
1889:
1880:
1876:
1871:
1867:
1848:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1822:
1813:Source: Morales
1704:
1461:
1165:Carlos Palenque
1009:
964:drug trafficker
949:Carlos Palenque
934:organized labor
930:Communist Party
898:entrepreneurial
834:
798:
769:
765:Other countries
753:
751:
746:
745:
744:
726:
714:
694:
684:
683:
664:
654:
653:
645:
637:
629:
621:
608:
600:
592:
584:
565:
555:
554:
548:
532:
524:
523:
488:
480:
479:
441:
433:
432:
418:
395:
370:
365:
352:
347:
345:before election
336:
331:
318:
253:Carlos Palenque
225:
96:
40:
35:
33:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2724:
2722:
2714:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2688:
2687:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2641:
2639:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2600:
2598:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2483:
2481:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2190:
2188:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1960:
1958:
1952:
1951:
1939:
1937:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1914:
1908:
1907:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1874:
1865:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1828:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1799:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1773:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1452:Source: Nohlen
1449:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1008:
1005:
947:politics, was
846:identity cards
833:
830:
800:
799:
797:
796:
789:
782:
774:
771:
770:
768:
767:
761:
748:
747:
743:
742:
737:
732:
725:
724:
713:
712:
711:
710:
695:
690:
689:
686:
685:
682:
681:
679:Municipalities
676:
671:
665:
660:
659:
656:
655:
652:
651:
650:
649:
641:
633:
630:(constitution)
625:
622:(constitution)
614:
613:
612:
604:
596:
588:
577:
572:
566:
561:
560:
557:
556:
553:
552:
547:Supreme Court
544:
539:
533:
530:
529:
526:
525:
522:
521:
520:
519:
518:
517:
507:
506:
505:
489:
486:
485:
482:
481:
478:
477:
472:
471:
470:
463:Vice President
460:
459:
458:
442:
439:
438:
435:
434:
431:
430:
425:
419:
414:
413:
410:
409:
406:
405:
397:
396:
391:
384:
383:
380:
379:
376:
375:
357:
333:
332:
329:
315:
314:
311:
310:
307:
304:
300:
299:
296:
293:
289:
288:
285:
280:
276:
275:
270:
265:
261:
260:
258:
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250:
246:
245:
238:
231:
227:
226:
222:
221:
218:
215:
210:
206:
205:
202:
199:
194:
190:
189:
186:
179:
177:Wálter Guevara
174:
170:
169:
164:
159:
154:
150:
149:
142:
137:
132:
128:
127:
120:
113:
106:
98:
97:
94:
91:
90:
85:
84:
81:
77:
76:
73:
69:
68:
65:
64:
58:
53:
42:
41:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2723:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2595:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
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2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
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2400:
2397:
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2377:
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2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
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2357:
2355:
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2337:
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2332:
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2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1944:
1935:
1930:
1928:
1923:
1921:
1916:
1915:
1912:
1904:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1884:
1878:
1875:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1850:Dieter Nohlen
1846:
1843:
1836:
1831:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1807:
1804:
1796:
1793:
1781:
1778:
1770:
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1492:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1459:By department
1458:
1444:
1441:
1431:
1428:
1418:
1415:
1405:
1402:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
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1342:
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1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
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1314:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
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1290:
1287:
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1279:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
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1260:
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1255:
1253:
1250:
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1234:
1231:
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1225:
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1220:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1059:
1045:
1028:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1006:
1004:
1000:
998:
993:
987:
985:
981:
975:
973:
969:
965:
961:
956:
954:
950:
946:
942:
937:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
910:
906:
904:
899:
893:
890:
886:
881:
879:
874:
870:
865:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
842:electoral law
839:
831:
829:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
795:
790:
788:
783:
781:
776:
775:
773:
772:
766:
763:
762:
760:
750:
749:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
727:
723:
719:
716:
715:
709:
708:Rogelio Mayta
705:
702:
701:
700:
697:
696:
693:
688:
687:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
666:
663:
658:
657:
648:
642:
640:
634:
632:
626:
624:
618:
617:
615:
611:
605:
603:
597:
595:
589:
587:
581:
580:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
567:
564:
559:
558:
551:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
534:
528:
527:
516:
513:
512:
511:
508:
504:
501:
500:
499:
496:
495:
494:
491:
490:
484:
483:
476:
473:
469:
466:
465:
464:
461:
457:
454:
453:
451:
447:
444:
443:
437:
436:
429:
426:
424:
421:
420:
417:
412:
411:
408:
407:
403:
399:
398:
394:
389:
381:
374:
373:
369:
364:
363:
358:
356:
355:
351:
346:
344:
340:
339:
334:
327:
322:
316:
308:
305:
302:
301:
297:
294:
291:
290:
286:
284:
281:
278:
277:
274:
271:
269:
266:
263:
262:
259:
256:
254:
251:
248:
247:
243:
239:
236:
232:
229:
228:
223:
219:
216:
214:
211:
208:
207:
203:
200:
198:
195:
192:
191:
187:
185:
184:
180:
178:
175:
172:
171:
168:
165:
163:
160:
158:
155:
152:
151:
148:
147:
143:
141:
138:
136:
133:
130:
129:
125:
121:
118:
114:
111:
107:
104:
103:
99:
92:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
63: →
62:
59:
57:
54:
52:
49:←
48:
47:
43:
31:
19:
2469:
2418:
2174:
2128:
1901:
1893:Bibliography
1882:
1877:
1872:Nohlen, p158
1868:
1853:
1845:
1705:
1001:
988:
976:
957:
938:
911:
907:
894:
882:
866:
835:
803:
428:Human rights
416:Constitution
366:
359:
348:
341:
212:
196:
181:
144:
55:
2638:Referendums
1791:Total votes
1466:Department
1426:Total votes
1400:Valid votes
1192:United Left
1101:Hugo Banzer
922:United Left
740:Visa policy
669:Departments
549:(1825–2012)
487:Legislative
303:Percentage
209:Percentage
140:Hugo Banzer
2690:Categories
2614:2003 (Dec)
2609:2003 (Oct)
2294:1920 (Dec)
2289:1920 (May)
2059:1925 (Dec)
2054:1925 (May)
1837:References
1649:Santa Cruz
1539:Cochabamba
1517:Chuquisaca
928:, and the
889:Luis Ossio
887:by naming
878:coalitions
722:in Bolivia
638:(autonomy)
609:(regional)
585:(regional)
183:Luis Ossio
72:Registered
56:7 May 1989
1722:Candidate
1442:2,137,285
1429:1,573,790
1403:1,415,869
1376:1,415,869
992:annulment
674:Provinces
601:(general)
593:(general)
563:Elections
531:Judiciary
456:Luis Arce
446:President
440:Executive
362:President
343:President
75:2,137,285
1820:See also
1692:Source:
832:Campaign
730:Passport
360:Elected
298:113,509
295:173,459
249:Nominee
204:309,033
201:357,298
131:Nominee
1856:, p133
1852:(2005)
1687:10.26%
1681:23.97%
1678:41.12%
1675:23.85%
1659:22.43%
1656:35.02%
1653:33.44%
1643:24.52%
1637:26.22%
1634:24.43%
1631:23.11%
1615:15.19%
1612:37.10%
1609:38.62%
1599:16.81%
1593:29.39%
1590:25.42%
1587:25.46%
1577:12.75%
1574:30.08%
1571:17.46%
1568:18.80%
1565:20.91%
1555:20.45%
1549:25.45%
1546:26.16%
1543:25.45%
1533:28.78%
1527:25.45%
1524:21.86%
1521:23.00%
1505:15.24%
1502:35.76%
1499:38.00%
1489:Others
1485:CONDEPA
1416:157,921
1199:113,509
1169:173,459
1137:309,033
1105:357,298
1073:363,113
1047:Chamber
1007:Results
824:of the
806:Bolivia
423:History
306:12.25%
268:CONDEPA
230:
220:21.83%
217:25.24%
197:363,113
105:
80:Turnout
1860:
1782:100.00
1684:0.81%
1671:Tarija
1665:8.13%
1662:0.97%
1640:1.72%
1627:Potosi
1621:8.28%
1618:0.81%
1596:2.92%
1561:La Paz
1552:2.49%
1530:0.90%
1511:9.68%
1508:1.32%
1432:100.00
1379:100.00
1323:10,608
1293:16,416
1261:22,983
1229:39,763
1053:Senate
945:La Paz
309:8.02%
264:Party
213:25.65%
153:Party
83:73.64%
1832:Notes
1808:93.63
1776:Total
1771:34.01
1751:65.99
1728:Votes
1725:Party
1605:Pando
1583:Oruro
1445:73.64
1419:10.03
1406:89.97
1373:Total
1353:9,687
1172:12.25
1140:21.83
1108:25.24
1076:25.65
1042:Seats
1036:Votes
1030:Party
953:mayor
644:2008
636:2008
628:2009
620:2016
607:2015
599:2019
591:2020
583:2021
2675:2016
2670:2009
2665:2008
2660:2006
2655:2004
2650:1986
2645:1931
2629:2022
2624:2016
2619:2010
2604:1998
2588:2024
2583:2017
2578:2011
2562:2026
2557:2021
2552:2015
2547:2013
2542:2012
2537:2011
2532:2010
2527:2005
2522:2004
2517:1999
2512:1995
2507:1993
2502:1991
2497:1989
2492:1987
2487:1985
2470:2025
2464:2020
2459:2019
2454:2014
2449:2009
2444:2006
2439:2005
2434:2002
2429:1997
2424:1993
2419:1989
2414:1985
2409:1980
2404:1979
2399:1978
2394:1966
2389:1964
2384:1962
2379:1960
2374:1958
2369:1956
2364:1951
2359:1949
2354:1947
2349:1944
2344:1942
2339:1940
2334:1938
2329:1934
2324:1933
2319:1931
2314:1928
2309:1927
2304:1925
2299:1923
2284:1918
2279:1916
2274:1914
2269:1912
2264:1910
2259:1908
2254:1906
2249:1904
2244:1902
2239:1900
2234:1896
2229:1892
2224:1888
2219:1884
2214:1873
2209:1862
2204:1855
2199:1844
2194:1840
2175:2025
2169:2020
2164:2019
2159:2014
2154:2009
2149:2005
2144:2002
2139:1997
2134:1993
2129:1989
2124:1985
2119:1980
2114:1979
2109:1978
2104:1966
2099:1964
2094:1960
2089:1956
2084:1951
2079:1947
2074:1940
2069:1934
2064:1931
2049:1917
2044:1913
2039:1909
2034:1908
2029:1904
2024:1896
2019:1892
2014:1888
2009:1884
2004:1873
1999:1872
1994:1870
1989:1868
1984:1862
1979:1855
1974:1850
1969:1844
1964:1840
1858:ISBN
1710:and
1495:Beni
1356:0.68
1326:0.75
1296:1.16
1264:1.62
1232:2.81
1202:8.02
856:and
450:list
61:1993
51:1985
1805:157
1794:147
1779:147
1480:MIR
1475:MNR
1470:ADN
1382:130
1368:New
1362:New
1308:New
1302:New
1184:New
1178:New
1146:+18
1056:+/–
1050:+/–
914:UDP
372:MIR
354:MNR
167:MIR
162:ADN
157:MNR
2692::
1768:50
1748:97
1388:27
1332:–3
1270:–2
1238:–5
1205:10
1152:+7
1143:33
1120:–2
1114:–3
1111:38
1088:–7
1082:–3
1079:40
999:.
966:,
720:/
706::
452:)
273:IU
1933:e
1926:t
1919:v
1797:–
1731:%
1391:0
1385:0
1365:0
1359:0
1338:0
1335:0
1329:0
1320:–
1305:0
1299:0
1276:0
1273:0
1267:0
1244:0
1241:0
1235:0
1214:–
1211:0
1208:–
1181:2
1175:9
1149:8
1117:8
1085:9
1039:%
793:e
786:t
779:v
448:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
