956:
340:
81:
100:
334:
948:
2586:
1258:
25:
2596:
462:
in
September 1999, limiting gold sales to 400 tonnes (13,000,000 ozt) per year for 5 years. This triggered a sharp rise in the price of gold, from around US$ 260 per ounce to around $ 330 per ounce in two weeks, before the price fell away again into 2000 and early 2001. The Central Bank Gold
491:
It has also been argued that the sale of the gold reserves was a positive decision in that gold had been historically under-performing and was paying no dividends to the
Exchequer and the sale enabled the UK Government to pay off a substantial part of the national debt and keep repayment interest
436:. However, many critics believe that the decision to invest 40% of the gold sale proceeds into euro denominated assets was to show public support for the new euro currency. The gold sales funded a like-for-like purchase of financial instruments in different currencies. Studies performed by
471:
Brown's actions have attracted considerable criticism, particularly concerning his timing, his decision to announce the move in advance, and the use of an auction. The decision to sell gold at the low point in the price cycle has been likened, with hindsight, by
447:, gold reached a low point of US$ 252.80 on 20 July. The UK eventually sold about 395 tonnes (12,700,000 ozt) of gold over 17 auctions from July 1999 to March 2002, at an average price of about US$ 275 per ounce, raising approximately US$ 3.5 billion.
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2097:
1603:
702:
2526:
1751:
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in a series of auctions. This amounted to 395 tonnes of gold sold for a total of $ 3.5 billion. The gold price increased at an average of 8% annually in the 25 years from 1999-2024.
268:
936:
136:
1610:
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432:(cf. the price in 1980: $ 850/oz) The official stated reason for this sale was to diversify the assets of the UK's reserves away from gold, which was deemed to be too
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2439:
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997:
926:
224:
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The advance notice of the substantial sales drove the price of gold down by 10% by the time of the first auction on 6 July 1999. With many gold traders
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183:
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The Gold Bull Market
Remembers How Gordon Brown Sold Half of Britains Reserves at the Lowest Price, The Market Oracle, Clive Maund, 1 April 2007
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131:
67:
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481:
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2019:
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1372:
1225:
841:
34:
643:
589:
239:
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2362:
2215:
2063:
2051:
1972:
1458:
869:
158:
571:
2473:
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2321:
2247:
2034:
2014:
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1317:
1303:
350:
2536:
2357:
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2198:
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2107:
2029:
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1528:
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879:
604:
459:
303:
173:
703:
Gold: Does Gordon Brown's regret selling half of
Britains' gold reserves 10 years ago?, The Daily Telegraph, 8 May 2009
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219:
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1389:
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163:
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1977:
1967:
1962:
1573:
80:
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1193:
1087:
911:
296:
1468:
450:
To deal with this and other prospective sales of gold reserves, a consortium of central banks - including the
424:
The UK government's intention to sell gold and reinvest the proceeds in foreign currency deposits, including
1876:
1463:
1414:
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1162:
263:
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921:
38:
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1921:
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801:
504:
451:
1513:
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147:
99:
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1944:
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1103:
786:"Gold Demand Trends Q4 2013", "Top 40 reported official gold holdings" is on page 18 of the pdf file.
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310:
785:
539:
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168:
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had shown that the overall volatility of the UK's reserves could be reduced by 20% from the sale.
1992:
1982:
1949:
1848:
1818:
1711:
1686:
1646:
1119:
324:
495:
As of
December 2013, the UK retained a gold reserve of 310.3 tonnes (9,980,000 ozt).
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1987:
1936:
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1219:
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234:
87:, the Chancellor of the Exchequer at the time, was principally responsible for the decision.
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229:
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China & IMF Gold Sales; The Real Story, Warren Bevan, gold-eagle.com, 23 June 2009
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1247:
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The
Significance of the IMF-RBI Gold Sales, Tim Iacono, GoldSeek.com, 5 November 2009
473:
444:
2264:
1911:
1783:
947:
884:
824:
726:"Brown's badly-timed sales of gold reserves cost Britain more than Black Wednesday"
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413:
405:
178:
114:
84:
49:
1955:
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568:
485:
437:
390:
382:
656:
1631:
1240:
976:
429:
428:, was announced on 7 May 1999, when the price of gold stood at US$ 282.40 per
201:
1518:
1170:
981:
206:
713:
2274:
971:
760:"Brown's golden shot was not the miss his critics would have you believe"
675:"How many ounces of gold does it take to buy an average house in the UK?"
196:
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244:
1588:
2301:
2173:
79:
1154:
425:
393:. The period itself has been dubbed by some commentators as the
386:
1276:
797:
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389:
prices were at their lowest in 20 years, following an extended
18:
531:"Goldfinger Brown's £2 billion blunder in the bullion market"
946:
488:
has estimated cost the UK taxpayer around £3.3 billion.
16:
Sale of half of the UK's gold reserves between 1999-2002
412:, who decided to sell approximately half of the UK's
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2005:
1935:
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1310:
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1130:
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990:
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857:
758:
645:Review of the sale of part of the UK gold reserves
538:
2280:Glasgow International Financial Services District
740:"Britain was right to sell off its pile of gold"
529:Watt, Holly; Winnett, Robert (15 April 2007).
480:, when the UK was forced to withdraw from the
1288:
809:
358:
8:
385:over the period between 1999 and 2002, when
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696:
694:
673:updated, Dominic Frisby last (2022-04-12).
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1682:
1483:
1295:
1281:
1273:
927:Post neoclassical endogenous growth theory
816:
802:
794:
605:In 2008, Gold Should Glitter, James Turk,
365:
351:
90:
48:. Please do not remove this message until
68:Learn how and when to remove this message
2661:Political scandals in the United Kingdom
463:Agreement was renewed in 2004 and 2009.
44:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1589:2020 Withdrawal from the European Union
1529:Second Industrial Revolution 1860s–1914
524:
522:
520:
516:
93:
2621:Economic history of the United Kingdom
638:
636:
634:
285:2014 Scottish independence referendum
7:
2595:
2312:London Platinum and Palladium Market
836:Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
476:to the mistakes in 1992 that led to
215:Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
890:Sale of UK gold reserves, 1999–2002
184:Sale of UK gold reserves, 1999–2002
14:
2542:Confederation of British Industry
1737:Expansion plans for Milton Keynes
1400:Department for Business and Trade
1395:Competition and Markets Authority
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2585:
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1437:Office for Budget Responsibility
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1256:
954:
482:European Exchange Rate Mechanism
338:
332:
137:MP for Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath
98:
23:
1373:Governor of the Bank of England
404:The period takes its name from
2552:Federation of Small Businesses
655:, October 2002, archived from
1:
2322:Alternative Investment Market
2302:London Interbank Offered Rate
2258:List of UK building societies
1304:Economy of the United Kingdom
492:rates down on the remainder.
2537:British Chambers of Commerce
2532:British Bankers' Association
880:Financial Services Authority
460:Washington Agreement on Gold
174:Financial Services Authority
2636:2000s in the United Kingdom
1425:Chancellor of the Exchequer
1405:Financial Conduct Authority
917:We not only saved the world
848:Chancellor of the Exchequer
757:Kamm, Oliver (5 May 2015).
410:Chancellor of the Exchequer
154:Chancellor of the Exchequer
50:conditions to do so are met
2697:
2656:Gold in the United Kingdom
2631:1999 in the United Kingdom
2572:UK Payments Administration
1524:New Imperialism 1830s–1945
1348:Government-owned companies
842:Leader of the Labour Party
458:- were pushed to sign the
240:2007–2008 financial crisis
2666:Economic policy in Europe
2646:2000s in economic history
2580:
1647:National champions policy
1642:Recessions and recoveries
1559:1979 Winter of Discontent
1494:1659–1849 Navigation Acts
1469:UK Trade & Investment
1378:Monetary Policy Committee
1235:
1096:Britain's Everyday Heroes
943:
937:Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath
831:
304:Britain's Everyday Heroes
280:Post–Prime Minister
2641:1999 in economic history
1584:2009 bank rescue package
1579:2008 bank rescue package
1544:1929–39 Great Depression
1415:HM Revenue & Customs
1323:Employee-owned companies
1088:Courage: Eight Portraits
1019:Shadow Cabinet elections
912:2010 Dissolution Honours
592:24 February 2014 at the
574:26 November 2010 at the
537:. London. Archived from
381:was a policy pursued by
297:Courage: Eight Portraits
225:2007 leadership election
107:This article is part of
1752:List of counties by GVA
1534:1873–79 Long Depression
1499:Agricultural Revolution
1464:UK Statistics Authority
1186:The Hunt for Tony Blair
1163:The Trial of Tony Blair
269:2009 European elections
264:Climate Change Act 2008
2562:Institute of Directors
2527:Business organisations
2452:Science and technology
2345:International students
2057:Working Time Directive
1430:Debt Management Office
951:
922:Not flash, just Gordon
554:The outlook for gold,
88:
2557:Industry trade groups
2317:London Stock Exchange
2307:London Metal Exchange
2074:Trades Union Congress
1767:East London Tech City
1611:Cost-of-living crisis
1549:1948–52 Marshall Plan
1504:Industrial Revolution
1158:(2001-2004 TV series)
1142:(1984-1996 TV series)
950:
714:Chart of gold 1968–99
625:12 March 2013 at the
505:Gold as an investment
452:European Central Bank
274:2010 general election
83:
2351:Entertainment &
1574:Late-2000s recession
1569:1992 Black Wednesday
1509:Financial Revolution
1338:FTSE Fledgling Index
1104:The Change We Choose
1010:Post-election events
311:The Change We Choose
245:Bank rescue packages
2047:Equal opportunities
1652:Economic liberalism
1554:1974 Three-Day Week
1539:1926 general strike
1343:FTSE SmallCap Index
875:Five economic tests
556:The Daily Telegraph
169:Five economic tests
37:of this article is
2676:Financial scandals
2462:Telecommunications
1627:Economic geography
1120:My Life, Our Times
1000:(Party leadership)
952:
728:. 5 November 2008.
558:, 19 December 2008
325:My Life, Our Times
89:
2608:
2607:
2511:
2510:
2290:Lloyd's of London
2001:
2000:
1973:Industrialisation
1887:Industrialisation
1670:
1669:
1599:COVID-19 pandemic
1519:1815–46 Corn Laws
1270:
1269:
907:Electoral history
375:
374:
143:Shadow Chancellor
132:Electoral history
124:
123:
78:
77:
70:
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2626:Gold investments
2598:
2597:
2588:
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2547:Co-operatives UK
2137:Hydroelectricity
2112:Renewable energy
2094:
1978:Renewable energy
1959:
1907:Renewable energy
1695:Atlantic Gateway
1683:
1514:Panic of 1796–97
1484:
1297:
1290:
1283:
1274:
1260:
1259:
1174:(2008 TV series)
1112:Beyond the Crash
959:
958:
932:Dunfermline East
865:Blair–Brown deal
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811:
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609:, February 2007.
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535:The Sunday Times
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379:UK gold reserves
367:
360:
353:
342:
341:
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318:Beyond the Crash
235:Treaty of Lisbon
148:Blair–Brown deal
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2085:
2007:
1997:
1953:
1931:
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1840:
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1662:Nationalisation
1615:
1473:
1368:Bank of England
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1306:
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1271:
1266:
1253:
1248:David Cameron →
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744:Financial Times
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627:Wayback Machine
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594:Wayback Machine
585:
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576:Wayback Machine
567:
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543:on 11 May 2008.
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478:Black Wednesday
469:
456:Bank of England
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11:
5:
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2395:Legal services
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2275:Euronext.liffe
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2027:
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2020:Businesspeople
2017:
2011:
2009:
2003:
2002:
1999:
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1814:Thames Gateway
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1442:Pound sterling
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1397:
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1387:
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1333:FTSE 250 Index
1330:
1328:FTSE 100 Index
1325:
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1314:
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1179:Pinewood Derby
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1139:Spitting Image
1134:
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1128:
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1108:
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1077:
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1073:
1068:
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1058:
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1038:
1033:
1028:
1022:
1020:
1016:
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1007:
1001:
994:
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988:
987:
985:
984:
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968:
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962:
961:
944:
942:
940:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
902:Brown ministry
899:
894:
893:
892:
887:
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877:
870:Chancellorship
867:
861:
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854:
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851:
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821:
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806:
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789:
778:
749:
731:
717:
706:
690:
665:
630:
612:
597:
579:
561:
546:
515:
514:
512:
509:
508:
507:
500:
497:
468:
465:
421:
418:
399:Brown's Bottom
373:
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362:
355:
347:
344:
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331:
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307:
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191:
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176:
171:
166:
159:Chancellorship
153:
151:
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142:
140:
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134:
126:
125:
122:
121:
109:a series about
105:
103:
76:
75:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2693:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2671:1999 scandals
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2601:
2593:
2591:
2583:
2582:
2579:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2520:organisations
2514:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2481:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2450:
2446:
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2436:
2433:
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2428:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2401:
2400:Manufacturing
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2354:
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2346:
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2341:
2338:
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2323:
2320:
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2300:
2298:
2295:
2291:
2288:
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2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2253:List of banks
2251:
2250:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2230:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2162:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2147:North Sea oil
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2088:
2082:
2079:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2069:Trades unions
2067:
2065:
2062:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2004:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1957:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1867:
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1861:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1844:
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1836:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
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1812:
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1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
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1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1706:
1705:Big City Plan
1703:
1702:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1681:
1673:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1657:Privatisation
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1637:Gold standard
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1612:
1609:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1564:1986 Big Bang
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1487:Chronological
1485:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1453:
1450:
1448:
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1428:
1426:
1423:
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1418:
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1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1379:
1376:
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1371:
1370:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1355:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1318:Co-operatives
1316:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1298:
1293:
1291:
1286:
1284:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1263:
1255:
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1242:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1204:
1203:
1199:
1196:
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1191:
1188:
1187:
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1140:
1136:
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1101:
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1084:
1082:
1078:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
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1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
995:
993:
989:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
969:
967:
963:
957:
949:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
872:
871:
868:
866:
863:
862:
860:
856:
849:
846:
843:
840:
837:
834:
833:
830:
826:
819:
814:
812:
807:
805:
800:
799:
796:
787:
782:
779:
766:
761:
753:
750:
746:. 4 May 2011.
745:
741:
735:
732:
727:
721:
718:
715:
710:
707:
704:
699:
697:
695:
691:
680:
676:
669:
666:
662:on 2013-04-21
658:
654:
647:
646:
639:
637:
635:
631:
628:
624:
621:
616:
613:
610:
608:
601:
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595:
591:
588:
583:
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570:
565:
562:
559:
557:
550:
547:
541:
536:
532:
525:
523:
521:
517:
510:
506:
503:
502:
498:
496:
493:
489:
487:
483:
479:
475:
474:Quentin Letts
466:
464:
461:
457:
453:
448:
446:
441:
439:
435:
431:
427:
419:
417:
415:
414:gold reserves
411:
407:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
368:
363:
361:
356:
354:
349:
348:
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327:
326:
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286:
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262:
256:
253:
251:
248:
247:
246:
243:
242:
241:
238:
236:
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231:
228:
226:
223:
221:
218:
217:
208:
205:
203:
200:
199:
198:
195:
194:
185:
182:
180:
177:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
161:
160:
157:
156:
149:
146:
145:
138:
135:
133:
130:
129:
128:
127:
118:
104:
101:
97:
96:
92:
86:
82:
72:
69:
61:
58:November 2021
51:
47:
41:
40:
36:
30:
21:
20:
2651:Gordon Brown
2469:Supermarkets
2435:Construction
2430:Architecture
2265:Canary Wharf
2098:Resource and
2081:Unemployment
2052:Minimum wage
2015:Billionaires
1912:Silicon Glen
1784:M11 Corridor
1246:
1241:← Tony Blair
1239:
1226:Andrew Brown
1200:
1194:The Audience
1192:
1184:
1169:
1161:
1153:
1145:
1137:
1131:In the media
1118:
1110:
1102:
1094:
1086:
1080:Publications
885:10p tax rate
825:Gordon Brown
781:
769:. Retrieved
764:
752:
743:
734:
720:
709:
682:. Retrieved
678:
668:
657:the original
644:
615:
607:SFO Magazine
606:
600:
582:
564:
555:
549:
540:the original
534:
494:
490:
470:
449:
442:
423:
406:Gordon Brown
403:
398:
395:Brown Bottom
394:
377:The sale of
376:
323:
316:
309:
302:
295:
291:Bibliography
179:10p tax rate
116:Gordon Brown
85:Gordon Brown
64:
55:
33:
2445:Real estate
2169:Agriculture
1956:Cardiff Bay
1945:Agriculture
1902:Oil and gas
1877:Agriculture
1804:Silicon Fen
1779:M4 corridor
1772:London Plan
1593:Growth deal
1420:HM Treasury
1390:Company law
1359:governance,
1220:Sarah Brown
1197:(2013 play)
897:Premiership
850:(1997–2007)
844:(2007–2010)
838:(2007–2010)
771:15 February
679:moneyweekuk
653:HM Treasury
486:HM Treasury
438:HM Treasury
391:bear market
383:HM Treasury
220:Premiership
164:1997 budget
2615:Categories
2499:High-speed
2494:Inter-city
2410:Automotive
2390:Healthcare
2378:Television
2368:Newspapers
2212:Materials
2127:Geothermal
2100:production
2042:Labour law
2025:Demography
2008:and labour
1789:Manchester
1700:Birmingham
1632:Free trade
1361:regulation
977:New Labour
684:2024-05-01
511:References
202:New Labour
35:neutrality
2516:Trade and
2479:Transport
2426:Property
2405:Aerospace
2340:Education
2285:Insurance
2233:Financial
2117:Biodiesel
1993:Transport
1922:Transport
1882:Edinburgh
1854:Transport
1829:Wiltshire
1824:Transport
1799:Sheffield
1757:Liverpool
1620:Recurrent
1447:Banknotes
1357:Currency,
1311:Companies
1228:(brother)
1202:Coalition
1171:Headcases
1006:(General)
991:Elections
982:Third Way
765:The Times
207:Third Way
46:talk page
2590:Category
2518:business
2484:Aviation
2457:Internet
2363:Gambling
2270:The City
2235:services
2216:Forestry
2199:Scottish
2190:Fishing
2132:Fracking
2064:Pensions
1872:Aberdeen
1864:Scotland
1839:Northern
1809:Somerset
1717:Cornwall
1677:regions,
1675:Nations,
1459:Taxation
1262:Category
1181:" (2009)
1147:The Deal
972:Brownism
965:Ideology
858:Politics
767:. London
623:Archived
590:Archived
572:Archived
499:See also
484:, which
467:Analysis
454:and the
445:shorting
434:volatile
230:Ministry
197:Brownism
192:Policies
39:disputed
2600:Commons
2567:Make UK
2474:Tourism
2440:Housing
2420:Exports
2383:Theatre
2248:Banking
2194:English
2090:Sectors
2035:Poverty
1988:Tourism
1983:Swansea
1968:History
1963:Fishing
1950:Cardiff
1917:Tourism
1897:History
1892:Fishing
1849:Belfast
1841:Ireland
1819:Tourism
1794:Reading
1742:Fishing
1722:Croydon
1712:Bristol
1687:England
1479:History
1452:Coinage
2358:Cinema
2221:Mining
2142:Marine
2108:Energy
2030:Income
2006:People
1952:
1927:Whisky
1762:London
1732:Dorset
1679:cities
1604:Impact
1385:Budget
1222:(wife)
1213:Family
1205:(2015)
1189:(2011)
1166:(2007)
1150:(2003)
1123:(2017)
1115:(2010)
1107:(2010)
1099:(2007)
1091:(2007)
420:Events
408:, the
2373:Radio
2353:Media
2333:Other
2204:Welsh
2174:Cider
2152:Solar
1937:Wales
1747:Leeds
1727:Devon
1410:Gilts
660:(PDF)
649:(PDF)
430:ounce
426:euros
2489:Rail
2184:Beer
2179:Wine
2164:Food
2157:Wind
2122:Coal
1155:2DTV
1071:1996
1066:1995
1061:1994
1056:1993
1051:1992
1046:1991
1041:1990
1036:1989
1031:1988
1026:1987
1004:2010
998:2007
773:2019
387:gold
255:2009
250:2008
32:The
2297:LCH
397:or
2617::
763:.
742:.
693:^
677:.
651:,
633:^
533:.
519:^
401:.
2110:/
1958:)
1954:(
1595:)
1591:(
1296:e
1289:t
1282:v
1177:"
817:e
810:t
803:v
775:.
687:.
366:e
359:t
352:v
71:)
65:(
60:)
56:(
52:.
42:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
