19th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment

335: 640:. The 19th set up its regimental camp there, and saw the sixteen wagons it brought with it from Camp Schouler exchanged for eleven standard issue army wagons. The fact that some of the officers and men had served in the 8th Massachusetts previously proved a great advantage, as COL Hinks began a rigid training/drill regimen that would remain routine as long as he commanded the 19th. As active drilling began in earnest, Hincks divided the field officers' duties. Hincks ran battalion drills, LTC Devereaux the manual of arms, and MAJ Howe taught camp and regimental guard/security. Since many of these veterans already had many connections among the military officials at the Capitol and throughout the District, the 19th received better logistical support than otherwise would have been the case. Encamped on the hillside, the men found battalion drill very hard, yet "from early morn till dewy eve" they went through their paces. This was done Monday through Saturday, and on Sundays, the men marched out by companies, seated in the shade, and learned the Articles of War from the officers. 1251:. These rifles had been manufactured by contract in 1844 in Windsor, Vermont by the Robbins and Lawrence Armory (R&L) which had also made the 1855 modifications of increasing the bore to .58 and fitting them with a sword bayonet. The 19th Massachusetts was an 1861, Army of the Potomac, three-year volunteer regiment built around a core of prewar militia, that greatly increased the number of men under arms in the federal army. As with many of these volunteers, initially, there were not enough Model 1841s to go around so the 15th, 16th and 19th were issued a mix of imported and Robbins and Lawrence produced Pattern 1856 Enfield short rifle. These were the standard rifles for the British army Sergeants in line battalions and the rifle regiments. The similar size to the M1841 (they both had 33-inch barrels) meant that the three regiments were issued the P1856. The 1856 Enfield was a .577 calibre 471:

of the best drilled companies in the Commonwealth. The 8th had mustered out on July 29 and Hincks, Devereux, and the Salem Zouaves re-enlisted upon their return and immediately reported to the training camp in Lynnfield. The injection of Devereux and his Zouaves into the regiment led many to realize their prior training had been inadequate. Hincks and Devereux remedied the situation by assigning a Salem Zouave to each company as the drill sergeant. The non-commissioned officers (NCOs) from this company also were commissioned and assigned to each company. By the end of their time in Lynnfield, every company in the regiment had officers and NCOs who had served 90-day service in the 8th Massachusetts Militia's Salem Zouaves.

327: 1389: 479:

existing militia companies building to full-strength followed the existing militia practice of voting in new recruits which made recruitment slower than the new volunteer companies in the regiment. The recruiting for the militia companies nd the nw volunteer companies were working slowly when the defeat at Bull Run shook Washington, DC. In response, on July 22, Lincoln authorized the call-up of 500,000 more three-year enlistments. The debacle spurred the The next day, the Secretary of War issued a call for all available regiments and detachments to be hurried forward at once.

684:

onlookers from other states' regiments who would surround the guard lines at drill and watch the manoeuvres taking notes. The afternoon battalion movement drills, rigid discipline on guard duty, and the wearing of newly issued dress coats with brass shoulder scales and leather neck stocks led other men to refer to the regiment as "The Nineteenth Regulars." The men took this nickname with pride, finding their unit noticeably different from other regiments being commended by their superiors for their performance. The surgeon, Dr. Dyer, wrote home:

1377: 1549: 1689:"...the thirty-year-old ordinance forbidding the operation of steam engines in the city obliged the Union troops on both the eighteenth and nineteenth to transfer from their terminating depots on their way to Camden Station, where trains to Washington awaited them. The forced transfer made the soldiers of the 6th Massachusetts vulnerable as, unlike the Pennsylvanians a day earlier, they had to stop and wait while horsecars hitched up and then rolled over Pratt Street's rails to Camden Station." 1700:"Soldiers Rest was one of the largest military facilities erected in Washington, D.C. during the war years and was situated on the north side of Capitol Hill, along North Capitol Street and Delaware Avenue NW. Located next to the B&O Railroad, it provided lodging and hot meals to new recruits from the North on their way to join the Union Armies of the Potomac and Shenandoah, and also soldiers waiting to return to the battlefront and those recently paroled from Confederate prisoner camps. 609:. Union troops marched down Pratt to the other station. It in this transfer on April 19, as the 6th Massachusetts transferred between stations, a mob of anti-war supporters and Southern sympathizers attacked the train cars and blocked the route. When it became apparent that they could travel by horse no further, the four companies, about 240 soldiers, got out of the cars and marched in formation down Pratt Street where they were attacked by the mob and opened fire in response. 1563: 1486: 26: 1353: 1819:, with the latter having considerably more parts, but producing a similar numbers of units in the earliest years of the 1913–1915 automobile assembly line, indirectly due to mass production manufacturing advancements pioneered by the armory 50 years earlier. These rifles were also produced by contracted commercial arms compnies who, by the contract, had to meet the NA manufacturing specifications. 1365: 668:. Just before we arriving at Rockville, the men received ten rounds of ammunition and ordered to "Load at will." With the earlier service of the men in the 8th, and the 19th's passage through Baltimore in mind, they had been warned to be wary of Rockville's strong secession sentiment, but passed through without incident. Before dusk, the regiment stopped for the night by a stream in 629:, and marched into halted at Soldiers' Rest. The regiment stood in formation under arms until a Pennsylvania regiment that had arrived just before them finished supper. The men were served a ""very bad"" meal of "mouldy soft bread, boiled salt pork and very poor coffee." In response, COL Hincks made "a vigorous protest" to the officer-in-charge giving "him religious instructions." 483:

3 and the last of the staff and line officers on August 22. Despite still lacking its full paper strength, the regiment mustered into Federal service for a three-year enlistment on August 28, 1861, under the command of Colonel Hinks. The plan was to continue recruiting to bring the regiment up to strength in Massachusetts and send the recruits on in groups of drafts.

278: 531:

many members of the regiment from the small towns in Essex and Middlesex who had never been to Boston before. The 19th marched to Boston Common where a brief farewell from the governor and state officials was given, and they had a brief meal. After an hour, it left and arrived 19:30 at the Old Colony depot joined by the 17th Massachusetts where it boarded a

4671: 4483: 4436: 4395: 4357: 4310: 4248: 4097: 4018: 3782: 3735: 3688: 3607: 3558: 3476: 3402: 3361: 3320: 3198: 3134: 3085: 3052: 613:

also that despite the majority remaining unionist, it was also a slave state. As they began marching, they were aware of the noticeabley cold reception and glares from some of the local citizens. As the 19th and 17th turned left down Howard Street, they noticed the roof of Camden Yards filled with bullet holes from the riot of April 19.

664:. Some of the older men who had been in the militia found the first real march of a substantial distance quite difiicult where some of the younger men "fresh from school or indoor life, could endure more than the men of mature years who had at first laughed at them." The route on that day passed through Leesboro and 643:

At Meridian Hill, the regiment began to take on the look and air of soldiers, not knowing the future worth of all the drills, fatigues, and labors that griped about daily. This would continue for the next two weeks. While at the hill, the regiment's camp was across on the street from that of the 7th

474:

In the camp, the regiment turned in most of their Windsor, Vermont produced Model 1841s and received the Model 1856 Enfield Rifle. Also known as "the 2-band Enfield" and "Sergeants' Rifle," it was the rifle that the British army issued to its rifle regiments and to sergeants in its line battalions. A

461:

as one of the regiment's field officers, and commanded the 8th Massachusetts during its three months' service from April to July 1861. Lieutenant Colonel Devereux had also mobilized with Hincks as commander of the regiment's Company J, which had historically been the Salem Light Infantry but Devereux

612:

As a result, units got off the train immediately upon arrival at President Street, and marched under arms down Pratt Street the ten-block distance to Camden Yards. The horse-drawn rail cars only carried equipment under guard. The 19th was well aware of the large minority of southern sympathizers and

530:

At 15:00, Wednesday, August 28, the regiment was formed in line at Camp Schouler in Lynnfield, received its State Colors, and boarded the train on the waiting at the side of the camp. The train traveled through Salem and Lynn, arriving at North Station at 17:15. The arrival was a novel experience to

482:

The salting of the regiment's companies with Salem Zouaves and other veterans of the Eighth injected a new vim and vigor into recruitment and training. The capable veterans brought a renewed sense of purpose and ramped up the training with the all field officers receiving their commissions by August

470:

Hincks and Devereux were both experienced militia officers who had already seen service when the 8th Massachusetts had been mobilized for 90-days service in April 1861. The 8th had earned a good reputation for discipline, drill, and ability. Deverux's company of Salem Zouaves had a reputation as one

1768:

They had also been able to sell gun making machinery (150 in all), to upgrade the new Enfield Armory in England. The British also awarded a later contract during the Crimean War for 25,000 Enfield P1853 and P1856 rifles. The contract's stiff penalty clause for missing the production schedule caused

1404:

The men of the regiment were issued their initial uniforms as they became available during training in Lynnfield. The members who had been Salem Zouaves apparently retained their distinctive uniform for a while before adopting the standard federal uniform of dark blue sack coats, sky blue trousers,

1255:

muzzle-loading rifle that like all other nominal .577 caliber weapons could fire U.S. government issued .58 paper cartridges. It was used by both armies and was the second most widely used Enfield in the Union forces. By the time of the Peninsula campaign, the Model 1841s had been turned back in to

1806:

was established in 1862. During this time production ramped up to unprecedented levels ever seen in American manufacturing up until that time, with only 9,601 rifles manufactured in 1860, rising to a peak of 276,200 by 1864. These advancements would not only give the Union a decisive technological

679:

The next day, Saturday, September 14, they joined their brigade at Poolesville in the evening, greeted by the men of the 15th Massachusetts, who had prepared supper and coffee for them upon arrival. This act was greatly appreciated and formed the basis a solid bond between the two regiments, which

616:

On board a steam train again, the men soon pulled out of Camden Yards bound for Washington. This was the first time many of the men saw slaves working in fields as they passed by on the train. They also duly noted soldiers on guard duty all along the rail line between Baltimore and Washington, and

445:

The regiment followed the standard structure of the three-year volunteer regiments of ten companies of 83-101 men (which could be split into two battalions on an ad hoc basis) and a field staff of 36–66. The officers were divided into field staff who ran the regiment and battalions and the line or

1711:

Due to their history in the Massacgusetts Militia, Hincks and Devereux also pulled in men with whom they had served prior to the war, notably, company grade officers NCOs who stayed on in the defences of Washington after their 90-day militia regiments had returned to Massachusetts. An example of

632:

Since the Pennsylvania regiment had taken the barracks billeting, the 19th slept outside on the ground, luckily on a warm night, until disturbed around 04:00 by a grazing herd of hogs. The next morning when the 19th marched in to breakfast, they found that Hincks' "draft had been honored," and

478:

Due to a lack of personnel and infrastructure ready when the war began, the federal government left the recruiting, equipping, and providing of recruits to the states with reimbursement to come from the federal level upon muster into federal service. Since the states were handling the process,

688:

Through the untiring exertions of Colonel Hinks, who is emphatically a working man, the general condition of the regiment has vastly improved: cleanliness and order are strictly enforced. Under the superintendence of Lieut. Col. Devereux, the companies have acquired a proficiency in drill not

683:

At the camp, which was on a plain, drill and instruction continued from morning until night, interspersed at intervals with picket duty. In a short time, the ability and experience of Hincks, Devereux, Howe, and the cadre from the Salem Zouaves led to a high state of discipline that attracted

457:. Both men had prior militia and federal experience. Colonel Hinks, originally from Maine, had moved from Bangor to Boston as a printer in 1849. By 1855, he had been a state legislator and a Boston city councilor. He had affiliated and drilled in the Commonwealth's militia service with the 1497:

which would honor the 1863 service of the 19th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry at Gettysburg. That 7-foot tall monument, with a carved relief of a cartridge box on its top and of a bugle and knapsack on its slanting front face was subsequently produced by

1658:

A history of the regiment noted that members of this company wore a Zouave uniform of light blue baggy trousers, yellow leather leggings, with dark blue jackets with buttons and dark blue fez caps. They apparently retained the company-unique uniform until

334: 436:

in the spring of 1862. These stocks were soon depleted so that most of the companies other than the first three and last were without uniforms. Up until August 1, the regiment was slowly building up. The Commonwealth issued the new recruits either

581:

At 03:30 on Friday, the train carrying the two regiments stopped in Philadelphia where they received an early morning breakfast from supportive local citizens. After two hours, they were back on board the train and arrived in Baltimore at the

1769:

R&L to go bankrupt in 1859. Lamon, Goodnow and Yale (LG&Y) bought the factory to make sewing machines, but the onset of the war led them to continue producing the P1853, P1856, and licensed Sharps 1859s for the duration of the war.

1702:"Stations like Soldiers Rest were supported by the United States Sanitary Commission, a relief agency approved by the War Department on June 18, 1861 to provide assistance to sick, wounded, and traveling Union soldiers." 475:

handful of the Model 1841s that were in excellent condition and had been modified to .58 caliber and with rear sights and bayonets were retained, but most of the men received the new rifles and were impressed with them.

689:

surpassed by many older troops. Under charge of Major Howe, the important duties of the guard are well attended to. Other departments are in good hands, and a system of strict accountability is rigidly enforced.

4375:. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Vol. V. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 16, 19, 295, 299, 311–316, 330, 371. 4728: 1712:

these men was the plumber, Charles A Tucker, of who had been a company orderly sergeant in the Third Battalion of Rifles. From 1854-1856, Tucker had served as the fourth lieutenant in Hincks' Company F of the

441:

that had been upgraded with sights, bayonets, and new bores from the existing stocks within the Essex and Middlesex armories or Model 1842 Springfield smoothbore muskets from armories in Boston and Middlesex.

431:

Men in the regiment were initially issued uniforms from the stocks of the dark-green militia rifle coats that would be replaced by the standard U.S. blue frock or sack coats that were issued just before the

466:

Zouaves. The same order that assigned Hincks as the colonel, also named the 19th as "the proper rendezvous for all members of the Eighth Regiment desirous of again enlisting in the service of the country."

1644:

muskets. Only minor differences in training and tactics differentiated such units from a typical infantry company of the time. During the 1840s, "rifle" companies were often expected to train and serve as

1747:

Numerous regimental histories on both sides of the conflict describe similar treatment of new arrivals in camps from the same state, largely due to connections that were made in the militias prior to the

3450:

Massachusetts in the Rebellion: a Record of the Historical Position of the Commonwealth, and the Services of the Leading Statesmen, the Military, the Colleges, and the People, in the Civil War of 1861–65

680:

lasted throughout the war. The next day, Sunday, September 15, they marched two miles out of Poolesville to Camp Benton near Edward's Ferry on the Potomac, which was to be their home for several months.

1668:

Cavalry regiments were organized with twelve companies of 60-80 troopers. The extra two companies, or troops, led to a volunteer cavalry regiment being slightly smaller in total compared to an infantry

617:

for the first time saw the meting out of military punishment. The trip from Baltimore to Washington was long and tedious with continual side-tracking to yield to regular, scheduled passenger service.

4723: 3304:. The Union Army: A History of Military Affairs in the Loyal States, 1861–65 – Records of the Regiments in the Union army – Cyclopedia of battles – Memoirs of Commanders and Soldiers. Vol. I. 3660:. Army Historical Series (2nd, 1997 ed.). Washington, DC: Office of the Chief of Military History, United States Army. pp. 160–64, 179–186, 180–198, 252, 300, 321–328, 463 474, 660. 4718: 1405:

and the sky blue winter overcoat. From photographs in the regimental history, the Hardee hat and slouch hat seemed to be more common than the kepi, or forage cap, among the regiment.

3376:

Regiments and Armories of Massachusetts. An historical narration of the Massachusetts Volunteer Militia. With portraits and biographies of Officers, past and present, etc

3335:

Regiments and Armories of Massachusetts. An historical narration of the Massachusetts Volunteer Militia. With portraits and biographies of Officers, past and present, etc

1766:

The company's first order was for 10,000 model 1841 rifles for $ 11.90 each. R&L also received the contract to upgrade the M1841s they made in the 1855-1856 upgrade.

1256:

the Commonwealth so that the regiment had been completely issued the 1856 Enfield with the saber bayonet. Between Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, the regiment drew

633:

received "a more respectable meal." This was a portend of the life to come in the Army, and some of the older men were already finding their patriotic ardor fading.

583: 593:

Due to a thirty-year-old ordinance banning steam engines operating in the city, there was no direct steam rail connection between President Street Station and the

1634:, based in Worcester County had done so. The 3rd Battalion had already departed, having completed the required quota from Massachusetts under that initial call. 338:

Tattered flags of the 19th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment. From the Liljenquist Family Collection of Civil War Photographs, Prints and Photographs Division,

1649:

in open order, however by the Civil War, United States army tactics manuals made no distinction between a company of "rifles" and a typical infantry company.

1417:- Medal of Honor recipient in recognition of his long and distinguished career; the second person to be awarded the Medal of Honor for "lifetime achievement" 4330:. Massachusetts Soldiers, Sailors, and Marines in the Civil War in Eight Volumes. Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Norwood, MA: Norwood Press. pp. 409–491. 330:

Recruiting broadside the "Rifle Company for the 19th (Rifle) Regiment" of Massachusetts, stating that the "Regiment will be one of the best in the service."

644:

Michigan, and many close friendships immediately sprang up between the men of the two regiments, which lasted during the entire service of the regiments.

1388: 3539:. Vol. I. Boston, MA: Wright and Potter Printing Co, State Printers. pp. 34, 50–55, 72–79, 92–103, 115–130, 137, 147–151, 230–231, 565–569. 1297:

I — Unreported, probably mix of Pattern 1856 Enfield, sabre bayonet, (.58 and .577 Cal.); Model 1841 Mississippi rifles, sabre bayonet, (.58 Cal.)

1214:

The regiment lost a total of 294 men during service; 14 officers and 147 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 133 enlisted men died of disease.

554:, where it was fed in its mess, and the enlisted men received a few hours in the afternoon to see the sights. In the early evening, they marched up 4632: 3950: 1291:

G — Unreported, probably mix of Pattern 1856 Enfield, sabre bayonet, (.58 and .577 Cal.); Model 1841 Mississippi rifles, sabre bayonet, (.58 Cal.)

1279:

C — Unreported, probably mix of Pattern 1856 Enfield, sabre bayonet, (.58 and .577 Cal.); Model 1841 Mississippi rifles, sabre bayonet, (.58 Cal.)

1273:

A — Unreported, probably mix of Pattern 1856 Enfield, sabre bayonet, (.58 and .577 Cal.); Model 1841 Mississippi rifles, sabre bayonet, (.58 Cal.)

1581: 326: 4688:

Northern Weapons Manufacturing during the Civil War; keynote address of the 2012 Smithsonian Institution's Technology and the Civil War symposium

3298:

Military Affairs and Regimental Histories of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, And Delaware

3758: 3711: 1509: 4612: 1807:

advantage over the Confederacy during the war but served as a precursor to the mass production manufacturing that contributed to the post-war

1738:"... I expected to kill a rebel or be a dead Yankee before night. We marched through the town and found it as quiet as a New England village." 4278: 4204: 4168: 4127: 4042: 3876: 3842: 3807: 3634: 3503: 3429: 3263: 3233: 1576: 1678:

The Federal and state governments in the U.S. (notably Massachusetts) purchased approximately 8,000 P1856 Short Rifles during the Civil War.

1337:

K — 13 Pattern 1856 Enfield, sabre bayonet, (.58 and .577 Cal.); 3 Springfield Rifled Muskets, model 1855, 1861, NA and contract, (.58 Cal.)

1334:

I — 20 Pattern 1856 Enfield, sabre bayonet, (.58 and .577 Cal.); 7 Springfield Rifled Muskets, model 1855, 1861, NA and contract, (.58 Cal.)

1331:

H — 18 Pattern 1856 Enfield, sabre bayonet, (.58 and .577 Cal.); 4 Springfield Rifled Muskets, model 1855, 1861, NA and contract, (.58 Cal.)

1328:

G — 21 Pattern 1856 Enfield, sabre bayonet, (.58 and .577 Cal.); 2 Springfield Rifled Muskets, model 1855, 1861, NA and contract, (.58 Cal.)

1325:

F — 21 Pattern 1856 Enfield, sabre bayonet, (.58 and .577 Cal.); 4 Springfield Rifled Muskets, model 1855, 1861, NA and contract, (.58 Cal.)

1319:

D — 29 Pattern 1856 Enfield, sabre bayonet, (.58 and .577 Cal.); 2 Springfield Rifled Muskets, model 1855, 1861, NA and contract, (.58 Cal.)

1316:

C — 17 Pattern 1856 Enfield, sabre bayonet, (.58 and .577 Cal.); 5 Springfield Rifled Muskets, model 1855, 1861, NA and contract, (.58 Cal.)

1313:

B — 14 Pattern 1856 Enfield, sabre bayonet, (.58 and .577 Cal.); 4 Springfield Rifled Muskets, model 1855, 1861, NA and contract, (.58 Cal.)

1310:

A — 15 Pattern 1856 Enfield, sabre bayonet, (.58 and .577 Cal.); 3 Springfield Rifled Muskets, model 1855, 1861, NA and contract, (.58 Cal.)

314: 309: 4652: 1790:. Rifle-muskets, muskets, and rifles were manufactured in Springfield and Harper's Ferry before the war. When the Rebels destroyed the 1713: 1631: 1376: 867: 837: 458: 256: 244: 180: 150: 4592: 4037:. Weapon Series. Vol. Book 76 (Kindle ed.). New York: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. (Osprey Publishing Ltd.). pp. 1–125. 1439:, Company A - Medal of Honor recipient for action at the Battle of Gettysburg, July 3; killed in action at the Battle of Spotsylvania 1462: 882: 195: 4686: 892: 636:

During the afternoon, the regiment slung knapsacks and marched down Pennsylvania Avenue three miles to their new campground on

205: 1494: 413: 3064:"Brigadier-General Edmund Rice, U.S.A., B.S., M.A., N.U. '60: A Brief Record of His Military Career and Tribute to His Memory" 1727:"As I remember them whatever you did you were to be shot, 'or such other punishment as may be inflicted by courts-martial.'" 4156:"Isn't this glorious!": the 15th, 19th, and 20th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiments at Gettysburg's Copse of Trees 4113: 1614: 1352: 547: 1873: 1871: 1808: 1420: 1236: 872: 862: 637: 261: 185: 175: 3150: 1506:. It was dedicated by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in 1885. The granite monument is located on Hancock Avenue at 857: 842: 594: 397: 385: 170: 155: 3252: 1854: 1852: 1850: 1815:

has drawn comparisons between the early assembly machining of the Springfield rifles and the later production of the

887: 200: 3415: 388:

men. Its core began as three companies of the state militia's 1st Battalion Massachusetts Rifles from Essex County.

1198: 812: 401: 125: 54: 3063: 1247:

Soldiers in the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Rifles, the three core Essex County militia companies were armed with

3926: 1636:

The term "rifles" was a designation frequently given to antebellum militia companies which trained in the use of

1554: 797: 699: 516: 500: 110: 3622:

The Civil War Diary of Lieut. J. E. Hodgkins: 19th Massachusetts Volunteers from August 11, 1862 to June 3, 1865

3902: 2111: 2109: 832: 807: 782: 626: 587: 559: 417: 377: 145: 120: 95: 3580:. Vol. II. Boston, MA: Wright and Potter Printing Co, State Printers. pp. 176, 183–184, 226, 235. 1469: 1436: 1248: 1015:

Battle of Fredericksburg December 11–15. (Forlorn Hope to cross Rappahannock at Fredericksburg December 11.)

571: 438: 232: 220: 74: 3750: 1364: 3703: 3024: 1503: 1261: 1257: 82: 78: 4061: 4408: 4273:(1st ed.). Boston, MA: E.P. Dutton & Co. pp. 190, 310, 316, 337, 387, 508, 536, 619, 649. 3837:. Oxford History of the United States (1st ed.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. p. 904. 3829: 3489: 1499: 1224: 847: 787: 762: 751: 709: 575: 450: 421: 405: 225: 160: 100: 4227: 4196:

Their Maryland: the Army of Northern Virginia from the Potomac Crossing to Sharpsburg in September 1862

3530: 3296: 1791: 1783: 1778:

In government records, National Armory refers to one of three United States Armory and Arsenals, the

1568: 1442: 817: 669: 555: 463: 130: 3220:(1st ed.). Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press. pp. iv, 194–200, 209, 248–249, 262. 4368: 3498:(1st ed.). Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. pp. 2–7, 38–44, 56–57, 75, 107–115. 1803: 1787: 1448: 877: 852: 744: 740: 723:

The 19th Massachusetts mustered out of service on June 30, 1865, and was discharged July 22, 1865.

705: 665: 653: 492: 339: 190: 165: 660:, then the headquarters of that division, known as the "Corps of Observation," commanded by BGEN 3825: 1795: 1779: 1451:, Company I - Medal of Honor recipient for action at the Battle of Gettysburg, July 3; the first 1230: 802: 792: 551: 454: 433: 361: 237: 115: 105: 2913: 3652: 4682: 4465: 4457: 4418: 4384: 4339: 4331: 4292: 4284: 4274: 4210: 4200: 4174: 4164: 4133: 4123: 4079: 4071: 4038: 4000: 3992: 3961: 3882: 3872: 3848: 3838: 3813: 3803: 3763: 3716: 3669: 3661: 3630: 3589: 3581: 3540: 3509: 3499: 3458: 3425: 3384: 3343: 3309: 3277: 3269: 3259: 3229: 3180: 3172: 3164: 3145: 3116: 3108: 3034: 1812: 1452: 1264:

National Armory (NA) and contract rifle-muskets. The regiment reported the following surveys:

827: 567: 140: 4376: 4259: 4222: 3746: 3699: 3221: 3019: 2897: 2895: 2893: 2891: 2889: 2887: 1618: 1430: 822: 661: 657: 520: 135: 1716:. He was waiting to go home to re-enlist when Hincks and Devereux offered him a commission. 4108: 3762:. Vol. 4 (Library ed.). Boston, MA: American Biographical Society. p. 484. 3715:. Vol. 1 (Library ed.). Boston, MA: American Biographical Society. p. 484. 1799: 1630:

The men of this battalion initialloy expected deployment to defend Washington, D., as the

1485: 1414: 539: 532: 425: 249: 1802:, the Springfield Armory was briefly the only government manufacturer of arms, until the 712:, Army of the Potomac, to March 1864. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, II Corps, to June 1865. 428:. The final, tenth company, Company K, was formed from the Tiger Fire Zouaves of Boston. 4264: 4152:

Root, Edwin R.; Stocker, Jeffrey D.; Jacoby, Richard W. & Hartwig, D. Scott (2006).

3448: 2761: 601:. Rail cars that transferred between the two stations had to be pulled by horses along 4703: 4448: 4373:

Operations in Maryland, Northern Virginia, and West Virginia. Aug. 1, 1861-Mar 17, 1862

3160: 1877: 1424: 1252: 598: 25: 4712: 4675: 4487: 4440: 4399: 4361: 4322: 4314: 4252: 4101: 4022: 3982: 3786: 3739: 3692: 3611: 3562: 3480: 3406: 3374: 3365: 3333: 3324: 3202: 3138: 3089: 3056: 1465:, Company I - Medal of Honor recipient for action at the Battle of Gettysburg, July 3 1456: 1445:, Company C - Medal of Honor recipient for action at the Battle of Gettysburg, July 3 755: 673: 504: 381: 44: 4380: 3225: 1858: 1816: 606: 602: 543: 508: 373: 4532: 3098: 652:

On September 13, the men received word that they were assigned to brigade of BGEN

4194: 4154: 4031: 3862: 3620: 3571: 3211: 1433:, Company I - Medal of Honor recipient for action at the Battle of Fredericksburg 3305: 994:

Movement to Alexandria August 15–28, thence to Fairfax Court House August 28–31.

1012:

Advance up Loudon Valley and movement to Falmouth, Va., October 30-November 17.

4410:

History of the Nineteenth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, 1861-1865

4214: 3593: 3544: 3513: 1646: 1641: 1544: 357: 4469: 3984:

History and Complete Roster of the Massachusetts Regiments, Minute Men of '61

3965: 3936:. Fredericksburg, VA: Fredericksburg & Spotsylvania NMP Staff. p. 77 3912:. Fredericksburg, VA: Fredericksburg & Spotsylvania NMP Staff. p. 74 3817: 3767: 3720: 3388: 3347: 3313: 3281: 2901: 1524: 1511: 4343: 4178: 4137: 4004: 3107:(1st ed.). Springfield, MA: Clark W. Bryan & Co. pp. 290–310. 2115: 1489:

19th Massachusetts Infantry Monument, Gettysburg National Battlefield, 1898.

512: 4633:"Lot 3156: Exceptional Civil War Tower Pattern 1856 Percussion Short Rifle" 4572: 4494: 4422: 4296: 4083: 3886: 3852: 3794: 3462: 3184: 3120: 3038: 1910: 1908: 1906: 277: 4388: 4063:

A Memorial Sketch of Lieut. Edgar M. Newcomb, of the Nineteenth Mass. Vols

3927:"Armament in the Army of the Potomac During the Chancellorsville Campaign" 3673: 353: 350: 64: 3033:(1st ed.). Boston, MA: Wright & Potter Print. Co. p. 194. 2048: 2046: 1811:

and 20th century machine manufacturing capabilities. American historian

3168: 1637: 961:

Moved to Harpers Ferry, then to Charlestown and Berryville March 12–15.

4500:. Washington, DC: National Museum of American History, The Smithsonian 4236:. Boston, MA: Adjutant General's Office, Commonwealth of Massachusetts 4122:(New Bison Book ed.). Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press. 2809: 408:. Seven other companies were recruited. D, E, and I were recruited in 3254:

Baltimore in the Civil War: the Pratt Street riot and a city occupied

1493:

During the 1880s, planning was undertaken to erect a monument on the

1009:

Moved to Harpers Ferry September 22, and duty there until October 30.

964:

Ordered to Washington, D.C., March 24, and to the Peninsula March 27.

496: 409: 2828: 2826: 2824: 2822: 2820: 2818: 2777: 758:'s) Corps of Observation, Army of the Potomac (AoP), to March, 1862. 535:

train which would take them to a Fall River Line boat for New York.

4552: 1798:

and stole the machinery for the Confederate central government-run

940:

Moved to Muddy Run December 4, and duty there until March 12, 1862.

4512: 3273: 1484: 333: 325: 4674: