1753:
545:
619:
1424:
709:
38:
4328:
1747:
4378:
4402:
4354:
4390:
4366:
753:
A close encounter with Earth is predicted for the comet's return to the inner Solar System in the year 3044, with the closest approach estimated to be one million miles (1,600,000 km; 0.011 AU). Another close encounter is predicted for the year 4479, around Sept. 15; the close approach is
721:
to search for previous apparitions of this comet. He found the comet was most likely observed by the
Chinese at least twice, first in 69 BCE and later in 188 CE; these two sightings were quickly confirmed by Brian Marsden and added to the list of perihelion passages at the
884:
737:
This information and subsequent observations have led to recalculation of its orbit, which indicates the comet's orbit is sufficiently stable that there is absolutely no threat over the next two thousand years. It is now known that the comet will pass
983:
712:
Distance of Comet Swift–Tuttle from Earth in
Astronomical Units and millions of kilometres (gigametres) from 800 BCE to 2500 CE. Approaches in the shaded area are not visible to the unaided eye. The dashed line shows approximately the current
700:
passage was off from the 1973 prediction by 17 days. It was then noticed that if its next perihelion passage (July 2126) was also off by another 15 days (July 26), the comet could impact the Earth or the Moon on August 14, 2126
526:
After the 1862 observations, it was incorrectly theorized that the comet would return between 1979 and 1983. However, it had been suggested in 1902 that this was the same comet as that observed by
758:, with a probability of impact of 1 in a million. Subsequent to 4479, the orbital evolution of the comet is more difficult to predict; the probability of Earth impact per orbit is estimated as 2
660:
1737 and 2126 the orbital period varies between 128 and 136 years. However, it only entered this resonance about 1000 years ago, and will probably exit the resonance in several thousand years.
781:) to cross Earth's orbit and make repeated close approaches to Earth. With a relative velocity of 60 km/s, an Earth impact would have an estimated energy of ~27 times that of the
3119:
785:. The comet has been described as "the single most dangerous object known to humanity". In 1996, the long-term possibility of Comet Swift–Tuttle impacting Earth was compared to
1448:
1173:
4452:
1894:
2390:
4013:
2073:
1371:
1346:
702:
2370:
1826:
750:) from Earth on August 5, 2126. and within 0.147 AU (22.0 million km; 13.7 million mi) from Earth on August 24, 2261.
2958:
2450:
1497:
1277:
3986:
3018:
1937:
89:
1551:
3872:
3382:
1316:
681:
245:
4442:
4274:
4235:
3466:
2545:
1580:
1968:
1406:
3924:
3486:
2928:
2220:
1446:
Weissman, Paul R. (August 2006), Milani, A.; Valsecchi, G.B.; Vokrouhlicky, D. (eds.), "The cometary impactor flux at the Earth",
1684:
59:
2948:
2435:
1879:
544:
4205:
3372:
3805:
3491:
2898:
1889:
966:
3177:
2500:
1752:
3192:
1816:
1090:
4210:
3501:
2530:
2320:
2310:
4094:
3347:
1320:
618:
4427:
3357:
1901:
1811:
1520:
10 g. An encounter velocity of 60 km/s yields an impact velocity of 61 km/s, giving an impact energy of 1.15
914:
904:
4084:
3527:
3049:
3023:
2983:
2978:
2824:
2668:
2633:
2623:
717:
Given the size of the nucleus of Swift–Tuttle, this was of some concern. This prompted amateur astronomer and writer
4432:
4344:
4220:
3387:
1932:
1799:
1789:
1784:
865:
4257:
3449:
3013:
2535:
2445:
2340:
1746:
4447:
4262:
4198:
4193:
4188:
3692:
3637:
3454:
1821:
1618:
1394:
1094:
1011:
4279:
3407:
3141:
3129:
2968:
2525:
2425:
2400:
2295:
2270:
4437:
4422:
3954:
2138:
1983:
2773:
2678:
2560:
2470:
2455:
2380:
2280:
4284:
3412:
441:
Tsuruhiko Kiuchi and became visible with binoculars. It was last observed in April 1995 when it was 8.6
4156:
3727:
2151:
2068:
1911:
1774:
1769:
1636:
1489:
1119:
919:
649:
382:
184:
3810:
3397:
2973:
2565:
2355:
4225:
4183:
4121:
3707:
3702:
3522:
3424:
1884:
909:
405:
3075:
2953:
2830:
2748:
2683:
2485:
2440:
2255:
4151:
4116:
3845:
3787:
3737:
3717:
3597:
2087:
2048:
1978:
1953:
1600:
1516:, as follows: A radius of 13.5 km and an estimated density of 0.6 g/cm gives a cometary mass of 6.2
1030:
708:
417:
68:
3919:
3444:
2673:
2410:
2200:
4215:
3552:
4077:
3860:
3830:
3652:
3642:
3557:
3312:
1794:
1677:
1240:
1182:
168:
4296:
3887:
3542:
3532:
2460:
2365:
2225:
1513:
4406:
4050:
4040:
4035:
3996:
3976:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3855:
3777:
3767:
3747:
3732:
3722:
3712:
3667:
3622:
3567:
3352:
3342:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3262:
3246:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
2903:
2082:
2058:
2053:
2033:
1988:
1858:
1604:
1034:
723:
446:
218:
4394:
4382:
4067:
4001:
3991:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3882:
3840:
3815:
3757:
3677:
3657:
3572:
3562:
3496:
3481:
2788:
2688:
2430:
2063:
2038:
2028:
2018:
1998:
1958:
1537:
778:
509:
454:
4291:
4173:
3647:
3607:
2708:
37:
4089:
3912:
3907:
3762:
3439:
3429:
3402:
3377:
3211:
3135:
3065:
2693:
2325:
2170:
2110:
2013:
2008:
1963:
1493:
1273:
853:
808:
766:
755:
739:
727:
685:
657:
637:
442:
397:
141:
109:
1267:
4358:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4230:
4104:
4099:
3981:
3772:
3672:
3612:
3592:
3582:
3547:
3517:
3044:
2180:
2105:
1993:
1874:
1842:
1838:
1479:
1457:
1452:, Near Earth Objects, our Celestial Neighbors: Opportunity and Risk; IAU Symposium No. 236,
1248:
1227:
1190:
1140:
782:
645:
531:
389:
102:
1410:
4331:
4301:
3897:
3782:
3537:
2475:
2465:
2134:
1973:
1804:
1716:
1670:
899:
770:
158:
125:
2638:
527:
1367:
1342:
1244:
1186:
4146:
4072:
4062:
3949:
3617:
3602:
3471:
3165:
3008:
2893:
2873:
2851:
2793:
2758:
2713:
2420:
2285:
2195:
2115:
1533:
1236:
1054:
409:
393:
290:
178:
42:
4416:
4168:
4111:
4030:
3892:
3825:
3461:
3434:
3419:
3257:
3028:
2988:
2943:
2878:
2857:
2753:
2658:
2300:
2003:
1848:
1736:
1711:
774:
718:
431:
424:
260:
208:
197:
4370:
4018:
3577:
3307:
3171:
3147:
3095:
3080:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2938:
2868:
2703:
2663:
2648:
2628:
2618:
2550:
2540:
2395:
2385:
2315:
2265:
2260:
2250:
1655:
1645:
1610:
1312:
1225:
Chambers, J. E. (1995). "The long-term dynamical evolution of Comet Swift–Tuttle".
4126:
3742:
1425:"JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: q < 1 (au) and period < 200 (years)"
1625:
NASA Astronomy
Picture of the Day: Periodic Comet Swift–Tuttle (19 February 1996)
1483:
437:
The comet made a return appearance in 1992, when it was rediscovered by
Japanese
17:
4178:
4057:
3902:
3865:
3632:
3105:
3100:
3085:
2888:
2846:
2836:
2818:
2813:
2783:
2778:
2738:
2733:
2718:
2613:
2590:
2580:
2575:
2555:
2505:
2495:
2405:
2375:
2345:
2305:
2290:
2175:
1833:
413:
64:
982:
uncertainty in the comet's closest approach to Earth on 5 August 2126 is about
427:
is 26 km (16 mi) in diameter. Swift–Tuttle is the parent body of the
4269:
4131:
3929:
3835:
3752:
3687:
3476:
3070:
2963:
2933:
2913:
2883:
2608:
2585:
2515:
2510:
2360:
2350:
2330:
2245:
2240:
2230:
2215:
2190:
2023:
1906:
1779:
1731:
1721:
1462:
1195:
1168:
697:
644:; it completes one orbit for every 11 of Jupiter. It was the first comet in a
636:. An unusual aspect of its orbit is that it was recently captured into a 1:11
513:
438:
283:
117:
871:
1.04 AU (156 million km; 97 million mi; 400 LD)
4161:
4141:
4136:
4045:
4023:
4006:
3877:
3850:
3820:
3697:
3682:
3662:
3627:
3587:
3392:
3367:
3362:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3302:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3252:
3241:
3216:
2863:
2841:
2768:
2763:
2743:
2728:
2723:
2698:
2653:
2520:
2415:
2275:
2205:
2043:
1144:
857:
743:
731:
689:
653:
450:
434:, perhaps the best known shower and among the most reliable in performance.
1624:
1252:
3159:
3153:
3090:
2803:
2570:
2490:
2480:
2335:
2235:
2210:
1916:
1853:
1726:
1115:
786:
453:) from the Sun. In 2126, it will be a bright naked-eye comet reaching an
428:
1512:
This calculation can be carried out in the manner given by
Weissman for
2185:
1058:
979:
838:
641:
520:
401:
1585:
412:
between 20 and 200 years. The comet was independently discovered by
4365:
1761:
1693:
795:
Comet Swift–Tuttle
Closest Earth Approach on 2126-Aug-05 15:50 UT
707:
673:
669:
648:
to be found in a resonance. In principle this would mean that its
633:
629:
385:
148:
135:
1614:
861:
747:
693:
677:
622:
Animation of 109P/Swift–Tuttle's close approach to Earth in 2126
3247:
C/1680 V1 (Great Comet of 1680, Kirsch's Comet, Newton's Comet)
2132:
1666:
1552:"Mathematicians Say Asteroid May Hit Earth in a Million Years"
1525:
46:
696:). Upon its September 1992 rediscovery, the comet's date of
3263:
C/1743 X1 (Great Comet of 1744, Comet
Klinkenberg-Chéseaux)
516:, and it was probably visible to the naked eye in 322 BCE.
726:. Around 25 July 188 CE the comet passed about 0.129
519:
In the discovery year of 1862, the comet was as bright as
1662:
789:
and about 3000 other kilometer-sized objects of concern.
508:
Chinese records indicate that, in 188, the comet reached
548:
Animation of 109P/Swift–Tuttle orbit from 1850 to 2150 (
652:
long-term average period would be 130.48 years, as it
4342:
1169:"The past and future motion of Comet P/Swift-Tuttle"
1091:"JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 109P/Swift–Tuttle"
3796:
3510:
3204:
3191:
3118:
3058:
3037:
2921:
2912:
2802:
2599:
2161:
2150:
2096:
1946:
1925:
1867:
1760:
1704:
1449:
1393:The past and future motion of Comet P/Swift–Tuttle
1010:The past and future motion of Comet P/Swift–Tuttle
534:calculated correctly that it would return in 1992.
259:
254:
243:
235:
227:
217:
206:
195:
177:
167:
157:
147:
134:
124:
108:
101:
87:
82:
74:
58:
53:
656:about the resonance. Over the short term, between
1174:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
1368:"IAUC 5670: Periodic Comet Swift–Tuttle (1992t)"
1343:"IAUC 5636: Periodic Comet Swift–Tuttle (1992t)"
250:0.0009 AU (130,000 km; 84,000 mi)
45:, originating from Comet Swift–Tuttle, from the
27:Periodic comet and parent of the Perseid meteors
1536:, about 27.5 times the estimated energy of the
1269:David Levy's Guide to Observing Meteor Showers
466:
272:
1678:
1581:"The Most Dangerous Object Known To Humanity"
628:The comet's perihelion is just under that of
8:
1474:
1472:
1006:
1004:
1002:
672:that makes repeated close approaches to the
213:0.8 km/s (0.50 mi/s) (2059-Dec-12)
30:
1485:Impact!: the threat of comets and asteroids
1167:Yau, K.; Yeomans, D.; Weissman, P. (1994).
3201:
2918:
2158:
2147:
2129:
1701:
1685:
1671:
1663:
1632:
1306:
1304:
1272:. Cambridge University Press. p. 12.
1220:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1206:
632:, while its aphelion is just over that of
36:
1461:
1372:Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams
1347:Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams
1194:
1162:
1160:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1061:. OAA Computing and Minor Planet Sections
765:Comet Swift–Tuttle is by far the largest
512:0.1. Observation was also recorded in 69
3348:C/1887 B1 (Great Southern Comet of 1887)
3323:C/1865 B1 (Great Southern Comet of 1865)
3258:C/1729 P1 (Comet of 1729, Comet Sarabat)
793:
617:
543:
464:
404:. It fits the classical definition of a
270:
4453:Astronomical objects discovered in 1862
4349:
3358:C/1910 A1 (Great January Comet of 1910)
998:
931:
1313:"on Swift–Tuttle's possible collision"
1293:Gary W. Kronk (1999). "109P/1737 N1".
29:
3298:C/1843 D1 (Great March Comet of 1843)
1389:
1387:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
7:
1938:List of comets visited by spacecraft
1550:Browne, Malcolm W. (25 April 1996).
1141:"Top 10 Perseid Meteor Shower Facts"
3383:C/1941 B2 (de Kock-Paraskevopoulos)
1317:Astronomical Society of the Pacific
682:Minimum orbit intersection distance
530:on July 3, 1737, and on this basis
961:is the distance from the Sun, and
25:
3523:C/1992 J1 (Spacewatch–Rabinowitz)
3303:C/1847 T1 (Miss Mitchell's Comet)
4400:
4388:
4376:
4364:
4352:
4327:
4326:
3373:C/1927 X1 (Skjellerup–Maristany)
1751:
1745:
1395:Close Approach Table on page 308
1366:Marsden, Brian G. (1992-12-05).
1341:Marsden, Brian G. (1992-10-15).
1093:(last observation: 1995-03-29).
3467:C/1970 K1 (White–Ortiz–Bolelli)
3353:C/1901 G1 (Great Comet of 1901)
3343:C/1882 R1 (Great Comet of 1882)
3318:C/1861 J1 (Great Comet of 1861)
3293:C/1823 Y1 (Great Comet of 1823)
3288:C/1819 N1 (Great Comet of 1819)
3283:C/1811 F1 (Great Comet of 1811)
3278:C/1807 R1 (Great Comet of 1807)
3273:C/1769 P1 (Great Comet of 1769)
3268:C/1760 A1 (Great Comet of 1760)
3237:C/1577 V1 (Great Comet of 1577)
3232:C/1471 Y1 (Great Comet of 1472)
3227:C/1402 D1 (Great Comet of 1402)
3222:C/1264 N1 (Great Comet of 1264)
3217:X/1106 C1 (Great Comet of 1106)
1880:Observational history of comets
1323:from the original on 2012-05-25
754:estimated to be less than 0.05
680:system, and has an Earth-MOID (
396:of 133 years that is in a 1:11
202:42.6 km/s (26.5 mi/s)
3502:C/1989 Y1 (Skorichenko–George)
3492:C/1989 W1 (Aarseth-Brewington)
2899:P/2013 R3 (Catalina-PANSTARRS)
1297:. Vol. 1. pp. 400–2.
1114:Bedient, John (20 June 2010).
97:1862 III; 1992 S2; 1992 XXVIII
1:
3487:C/1983 H1 (IRAS–Araki–Alcock)
1969:C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan–ATLAS)
1492:. pp. 256 (see p. 116).
783:Cretaceous–Paleogene impactor
3528:C/1993 Y1 (McNaught–Russell)
3450:C/1969 T1 (Tago-Sato-Kosaka)
3050:D/1993 F2 (Shoemaker–Levy 9)
2959:57P/du Toit–Neujmin–Delporte
2451:57P/du Toit–Neujmin–Delporte
1579:Siegel, Ethan (2016-08-11).
1139:Britt, Robert (2005-08-11).
1059:"109P/Swift–Tuttle (NK 798)"
1012:Orbital Elements on page 309
3019:226P/Pigott–LINEAR–Kowalski
2391:45P/Honda–Mrkos–Pajdušáková
2371:41P/Tuttle–Giacobini–Kresák
1902:Extraterrestrial atmosphere
1427:. JPL Solar System Dynamics
915:List of non-periodic comets
905:List of interstellar comets
860:; 14.257 million
4469:
3408:C/1961 O1 (Wilson-Hubbard)
3388:C/1947 X1 (Southern Comet)
3328:X/1872 X1 (Pogson's Comet)
3313:C/1861 G1 (Comet Thatcher)
1933:List of missions to comets
856:(22.944 million
190:(perihelion to perihelion)
95:1737 N1; 1737 II; 1862 O1;
4443:Meteor shower progenitors
4322:
3693:C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring)
3638:C/2007 Q3 (Siding Spring)
3338:C/1881 K1 (Comet Tebbutt)
3253:C/1702 H1 (Comet of 1702)
3212:C/-43 K1 (Caesar's Comet)
3178:67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko
2546:76P/West–Kohoutek–Ikemura
2501:67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko
2146:
2128:
2078:(Bernardinelli–Bernstein)
1743:
1700:
1635:
1619:Jet Propulsion Laboratory
1463:10.1017/S1743921307003559
1095:Jet Propulsion Laboratory
1031:"109P/Swift–Tuttle Orbit"
746:; 14.2 million
467:
273:
35:
3398:C/1956 R1 (Arend–Roland)
3333:C/1874 H1 (Comet Coggia)
3308:C/1858 L1 (Comet Donati)
2531:73P/Schwassmann–Wachmann
2321:31P/Schwassmann–Wachmann
2311:29P/Schwassmann–Wachmann
1984:C/2021 J1 (Maury-Attard)
1407:"ASP: Cosmic Collisions"
1311:Stephens, Sally (1993).
742:(22.9 million
730:(19.3 million
416:on July 16, 1862 and by
255:Physical characteristics
90:Alternative designations
3873:de Kock–Paraskevopoulos
3728:C/2015 ER61 (PanSTARRS)
2929:11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR
2221:11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR
2069:C/2015 ER61 (PanSTARRS)
1912:Small Solar System body
1490:Oxford University Press
1266:Levy, David H. (2008).
1196:10.1093/mnras/266.2.305
1120:American Meteor Society
920:List of periodic comets
608: 109P/Swift–Tuttle
265:26 km (16 mi)
103:Orbital characteristics
3708:C/2013 V5 (Oukaimeden)
3703:C/2013 US10 (Catalina)
3548:C/1998 H1 (Stonehouse)
3445:C/1965 S1 (Ikeya-Seki)
3425:C/1962 C1 (Seki-Lines)
3024:271P/van Houten–Lemmon
2984:107P/Wilson–Harrington
2979:97P/Metcalf–Brewington
2949:54P/de Vico–Swift–NEAT
2825:4015 Wilson–Harrington
2669:147P/Kushida–Muramatsu
2634:107P/Wilson–Harrington
2624:97P/Metcalf–Brewington
2436:54P/de Vico–Swift–NEAT
1621:'s Small-Body Database
1253:10.1006/icar.1995.1069
910:List of comets by type
714:
623:
611:
4226:Spacewatch–Rabinowitz
3788:C/2023 P1 (Nishimura)
3738:C/2017 K2 (PanSTARRS)
3718:C/2014 Q1 (PanSTARRS)
3683:C/2012 K1 (PANSTARRS)
3663:C/2011 L4 (PANSTARRS)
3608:C/2006 A1 (Pojmański)
3598:C/2004 F4 (Bradfield)
3578:C/2001 OG108 (LONEOS)
3543:C/1997 L1 (Zhu–Balam)
3538:C/1996 B2 (Hyakutake)
3533:C/1995 O1 (Hale–Bopp)
3368:C/1911 S3 (Beljawsky)
3014:206P/Barnard–Boattini
2536:74P/Smirnova–Chernykh
2446:56P/Slaughter–Burnham
2341:35P/Herschel–Rigollet
2088:C/2014 Q1 (PanSTARRS)
2049:C/2017 K2 (PanSTARRS)
1979:C/2021 O3 (PanSTARRS)
1954:C/2023 P1 (Nishimura)
711:
621:
547:
461:Historic observations
418:Horace Parnell Tuttle
377:(formally designated
277:at different passages
69:Horace Parnell Tuttle
4206:Skjellerup–Maristany
3743:1I/2017 U1 ʻOumuamua
3653:C/2009 R1 (McNaught)
3643:C/2007 W1 (Boattini)
3618:C/2006 P1 (McNaught)
3603:C/2004 Q2 (Machholz)
3558:C/1999 F1 (Catalina)
3472:C/1973 E1 (Kohoutek)
3142:26P/Grigg–Skjellerup
3130:21P/Giacobini–Zinner
2969:72P/Denning–Fujikawa
2526:72P/Denning–Fujikawa
2426:52P/Harrington–Abell
2401:47P/Ashbrook–Jackson
2296:26P/Grigg–Skjellerup
2271:21P/Giacobini–Zinner
1480:Verschuur, Gerrit L.
4275:White–Ortiz–Bolelli
3778:C/2021 A1 (Leonard)
3768:C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE)
3748:C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto)
3733:C/2015 V2 (Johnson)
3723:C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy)
3713:C/2014 E2 (Jacques)
3698:C/2013 R1 (Lovejoy)
3668:C/2011 W3 (Lovejoy)
3648:C/2009 F6 (Yi–SWAN)
3623:C/2007 E2 (Lovejoy)
3568:C/2000 WM1 (LINEAR)
3462:C/1969 Y1 (Bennett)
3435:C/1963 R1 (Pereyra)
3420:C/1961 R1 (Humason)
3393:C/1948 V1 (Eclipse)
2904:(300163) 2006 VW139
2774:332P/Ikeya–Murakami
2679:156P/Russell–LINEAR
2561:79P/du Toit–Hartley
2471:61P/Shajn–Schaldach
2456:58P/Jackson–Neujmin
2381:43P/Wolf–Harrington
2281:23P/Brorsen–Metcalf
2083:C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy)
2059:C/2015 V2 (Johnson)
2054:C/2016 U1 (NEOWISE)
2034:C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto)
2004:C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE)
1989:C/2021 A1 (Leonard)
1650:Comet Swift–Tuttle
1605:Minor Planet Center
1245:1995Icar..114..372C
1187:1994MNRAS.266..305Y
1035:Minor Planet Center
796:
724:Minor Planet Center
668:The comet is on an
75:Discovery date
32:
4428:Halley-type comets
4211:Skorichenko–George
3806:Aarseth-Brewington
3758:C/2019 U6 (Lemmon)
3678:C/2012 F6 (Lemmon)
3658:C/2010 X1 (Elenin)
3628:C/2007 F1 (LONEOS)
3588:C/2002 T7 (LINEAR)
3573:C/2001 A2 (LINEAR)
3563:C/1999 S4 (LINEAR)
3497:C/1989 X1 (Austin)
3482:C/1980 E1 (Bowell)
3363:C/1911 O1 (Brooks)
3066:D/1770 L1 (Lexell)
2974:80P/Peters–Hartley
2689:162P/Siding Spring
2566:80P/Peters–Hartley
2431:53P/Van Biesbroeck
2356:38P/Stephan–Oterma
2064:C/2015 G2 (MASTER)
2039:C/2018 C2 (Lemmon)
2029:P/2019 LD2 (ATLAS)
2019:C/2019 U6 (Lemmon)
1999:C/2020 F5 (MASTER)
1959:C/2023 H2 (Lemmon)
1556:The New York Times
800:Date & time of
794:
779:short-period comet
715:
624:
612:
510:apparent magnitude
455:apparent magnitude
420:on July 19, 1862.
375:Comet Swift–Tuttle
60:Discovered by
4433:Near-Earth comets
4340:
4339:
4318:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4310:
4309:
3925:IRAS–Araki–Alcock
3763:C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS)
3633:C/2007 N3 (Lulin)
3440:C/1964 N1 (Ikeya)
3430:C/1963 A1 (Ikeya)
3403:C/1957 P1 (Mrkos)
3378:C/1931 P1 (Ryves)
3187:
3186:
3114:
3113:
3076:18D/Perrine–Mrkos
2954:55P/Tempel–Tuttle
2831:7968 Elst–Pizarro
2749:273P/Pons–Gambart
2694:168P/Hergenrother
2684:161P/Hartley–IRAS
2644:109P/Swift–Tuttle
2486:64P/Swift–Gehrels
2441:55P/Tempel–Tuttle
2256:18D/Perrine–Mrkos
2124:
2123:
2111:Comets in fiction
2014:C/2019 Y1 (ATLAS)
2009:C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS)
1964:C/2023 E1 (ATLAS)
1890:Comet discoverers
1661:
1660:
1611:109P/Swift–Tuttle
1601:109P/Swift-Tuttle
1499:978-0-19-511919-0
1456:(s236): 441–450,
1279:978-0-521-69691-3
891:
890:
887:
802:closest approach
767:near-Earth object
684:) of 0.0009
638:orbital resonance
506:
505:
406:Halley-type comet
398:orbital resonance
379:109P/Swift–Tuttle
372:
371:
269:
268:
231:December 12, 1992
31:109P/Swift–Tuttle
18:109P/Swift-Tuttle
16:(Redirected from
4460:
4448:1860s in science
4405:
4404:
4403:
4393:
4392:
4391:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4369:
4368:
4357:
4356:
4355:
4348:
4330:
4329:
4288:
4266:
4258:Tago-Sato-Kosaka
4085:McNaught–Russell
3773:C/2020 F8 (SWAN)
3688:C/2012 S1 (ISON)
3673:C/2012 E2 (SWAN)
3613:C/2006 M4 (SWAN)
3593:C/2002 V1 (NEAT)
3583:C/2001 Q4 (NEAT)
3553:C/1998 J1 (SOHO)
3518:C/1990 K1 (Levy)
3477:C/1975 V1 (West)
3458:
3416:
3202:
2919:
2674:153P/Ikeya–Zhang
2411:49P/Arend–Rigaux
2201:7P/Pons–Winnecke
2159:
2148:
2130:
2106:Antimatter comet
1994:C/2020 F8 (SWAN)
1875:Naming of comets
1755:
1749:
1702:
1687:
1680:
1673:
1664:
1633:
1590:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1547:
1541:
1538:K–T impact event
1531:
1523:
1519:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1476:
1467:
1466:
1465:
1443:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1409:. Archived from
1403:
1397:
1391:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1378:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1353:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1328:
1308:
1299:
1298:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1222:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1164:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1151:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1126:
1116:"Meteor Showers"
1111:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1101:
1087:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1066:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1027:
1014:
1008:
986:
984:±10 thousand km.
976:
970:
956:
955:
954:
936:
883:
849:2126-08-05 15:50
797:
762:10 (0.000002%).
761:
646:retrograde orbit
609:
607:
598:
596:
587:
585:
576:
574:
565:
563:
554:
552:
465:
271:
191:
120: 2450000.5)
114:October 10, 1995
40:
33:
21:
4468:
4467:
4463:
4462:
4461:
4459:
4458:
4457:
4438:Numbered comets
4423:Periodic comets
4413:
4412:
4411:
4401:
4399:
4389:
4387:
4377:
4375:
4363:
4353:
4351:
4343:
4341:
4336:
4306:
4282:
4260:
3798:
3792:
3783:C/2022 E3 (ZTF)
3506:
3452:
3410:
3196:
3194:
3183:
3121:
3110:
3054:
3033:
2908:
2805:
2798:
2601:
2595:
2476:62P/Tsuchinshan
2466:60P/Tsuchinshan
2461:59P/Kearns–Kwee
2226:12P/Pons–Brooks
2163:
2153:
2142:
2135:Lists of comets
2120:
2098:
2092:
2077:
1974:C/2022 E3 (ZTF)
1942:
1921:
1863:
1756:
1750:
1741:
1696:
1691:
1654:
1644:
1637:Numbered comets
1630:
1597:
1578:
1575:
1570:
1569:
1560:
1558:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1529:
1521:
1517:
1514:Comet Hale–Bopp
1511:
1507:
1500:
1478:
1477:
1470:
1445:
1444:
1440:
1430:
1428:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1392:
1385:
1376:
1374:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1351:
1349:
1340:
1339:
1335:
1326:
1324:
1310:
1309:
1302:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1280:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1224:
1223:
1204:
1166:
1165:
1158:
1149:
1147:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1124:
1122:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1099:
1097:
1089:
1088:
1073:
1064:
1062:
1055:Nakano, Syuichi
1053:
1052:
1048:
1039:
1037:
1029:
1028:
1017:
1009:
1000:
995:
990:
989:
977:
973:
945:
943:
938:
937:
933:
928:
900:Lists of comets
896:
880:± 11000 km
836:
834:
829:
827:
822:
820:
815:
806:
801:
759:
666:
664:Threat to Earth
626:
625:
614:
613:
605:
604:
594:
593:
583:
582:
572:
571:
561:
560:
550:
549:
540:
528:Ignatius Kegler
463:
457:of about 0.7..
408:, which has an
295:
292:
286:
276:
236:Next perihelion
228:Last perihelion
189:
187:
159:Semi-major axis
126:Observation arc
115:
96:
92:
67:
49:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4466:
4464:
4456:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4415:
4414:
4410:
4409:
4397:
4385:
4373:
4361:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4334:
4323:
4320:
4319:
4316:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4305:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4280:Wilson–Hubbard
4277:
4272:
4267:
4255:
4254:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4202:
4201:
4196:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4165:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4147:311P/PanSTARRS
4144:
4139:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4108:
4107:
4102:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4081:
4080:
4075:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4054:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4028:
4027:
4026:
4021:
4011:
4010:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3973:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3916:
3915:
3910:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3869:
3868:
3863:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3802:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3514:
3512:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3208:
3206:
3199:
3193:Near-Parabolic
3189:
3188:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3181:
3175:
3169:
3163:
3157:
3151:
3145:
3139:
3133:
3126:
3124:
3116:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3062:
3060:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3041:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3009:205P/Giacobini
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2925:
2923:
2916:
2910:
2909:
2907:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2894:358P/PANSTARRS
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2874:311P/PanSTARRS
2871:
2866:
2861:
2855:
2852:60558 Echeclus
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2828:
2822:
2816:
2810:
2808:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2794:460P/PanSTARRS
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2759:311P/PanSTARRS
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2714:205P/Giacobini
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2605:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2421:51P/Harrington
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2326:32P/Comas Solà
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2286:24P/Schaumasse
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2167:
2165:
2156:
2144:
2143:
2133:
2126:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2118:
2116:Comet vintages
2113:
2108:
2102:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1940:
1935:
1929:
1927:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1871:
1869:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1836:
1831:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1817:Near-parabolic
1809:
1808:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1795:Jupiter-family
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1766:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1708:
1706:
1698:
1697:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1682:
1675:
1667:
1659:
1658:
1651:
1648:
1640:
1639:
1628:
1627:
1622:
1608:
1596:
1595:External links
1593:
1592:
1591:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1542:
1505:
1498:
1468:
1438:
1416:
1413:on 2012-12-19.
1398:
1383:
1358:
1333:
1300:
1285:
1278:
1258:
1237:Academic Press
1202:
1156:
1131:
1106:
1071:
1057:(1999-11-18).
1046:
1015:
997:
996:
994:
991:
988:
987:
971:
967:semimajor axis
930:
929:
927:
924:
923:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
895:
892:
889:
888:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
850:
846:
845:
842:
831:
824:
817:
812:
805:Earth distance
803:
734:) from Earth.
705:5636: 1992t).
692:; 84,000
688:(130,000
665:
662:
616:
615:
542:
541:
539:
536:
504:
503:
500:
496:
495:
492:
488:
487:
484:
480:
479:
476:
472:
471:
469:Older passages
462:
459:
410:orbital period
394:orbital period
370:
369:
366:
362:
361:
358:
354:
353:
350:
346:
345:
342:
338:
337:
334:
330:
329:
326:
322:
321:
318:
314:
313:
310:
306:
305:
302:
298:
297:
288:
280:
279:
275:Orbital period
267:
266:
263:
257:
256:
252:
251:
248:
241:
240:
237:
233:
232:
229:
225:
224:
221:
215:
214:
211:
204:
203:
200:
193:
192:
181:
179:Orbital period
175:
174:
171:
165:
164:
163:26.092 AU
161:
155:
154:
153:0.9595 AU
151:
145:
144:
138:
132:
131:
128:
122:
121:
112:
106:
105:
99:
98:
93:
88:
85:
84:
80:
79:
76:
72:
71:
62:
56:
55:
51:
50:
43:Perseid meteor
41:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4465:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4420:
4418:
4408:
4398:
4396:
4386:
4384:
4374:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4360:
4350:
4346:
4333:
4325:
4324:
4321:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4286:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4264:
4259:
4256:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4238:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4191:
4190:
4189:Siding Spring
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4134:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4070:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4033:
4032:
4029:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4012:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3957:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3795:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3509:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3456:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3414:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3190:
3179:
3176:
3173:
3170:
3167:
3164:
3161:
3158:
3155:
3152:
3149:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3117:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3057:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3036:
3030:
3029:289P/Blanpain
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2989:113P/Spitaler
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2944:27P/Crommelin
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2879:324P/La Sagra
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2858:118401 LINEAR
2856:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2801:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2754:289P/Blanpain
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2709:178P/Hug–Bell
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2659:141P/Machholz
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2598:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2301:27P/Crommelin
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2149:
2145:
2140:
2136:
2131:
2127:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2095:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1828:
1827:Unknown-orbit
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1813:
1810:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1754:
1748:
1738:
1737:Meteor shower
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1688:
1683:
1681:
1676:
1674:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1657:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1634:
1631:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1557:
1553:
1546:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1527:
1515:
1509:
1506:
1501:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1486:
1481:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1450:
1442:
1439:
1426:
1420:
1417:
1412:
1408:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1373:
1369:
1362:
1359:
1348:
1344:
1337:
1334:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1296:
1289:
1286:
1281:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1262:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1181:(2): 305–16.
1180:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1146:
1142:
1135:
1132:
1121:
1117:
1110:
1107:
1096:
1092:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1036:
1032:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1007:
1005:
1003:
999:
992:
985:
981:
975:
972:
968:
964:
960:
953:
949:
941:
935:
932:
925:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
897:
893:
886:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
867:
864:; 59.69
863:
859:
855:
852:0.15337
851:
848:
847:
843:
840:
832:
825:
818:
813:
810:
804:
799:
798:
792:
790:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
763:
757:
751:
749:
745:
741:
735:
733:
729:
725:
720:
719:Gary W. Kronk
710:
706:
704:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
663:
661:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
620:
602:
591:
580:
575: Jupiter
569:
558:
546:
537:
535:
533:
532:Brian Marsden
529:
524:
522:
517:
515:
511:
501:
498:
497:
493:
490:
489:
485:
482:
481:
477:
474:
473:
470:
460:
458:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
435:
433:
432:meteor shower
430:
426:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
388:with a 1995 (
387:
384:
381:) is a large
380:
376:
367:
364:
363:
359:
356:
355:
351:
348:
347:
343:
340:
339:
335:
332:
331:
327:
324:
323:
319:
316:
315:
311:
308:
307:
303:
300:
299:
294:
289:
285:
282:
281:
278:
264:
262:
258:
253:
249:
247:
242:
239:July 12, 2126
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
220:
216:
212:
210:
209:orbital speed
205:
201:
199:
198:orbital speed
194:
186:
182:
180:
176:
172:
170:
166:
162:
160:
156:
152:
150:
146:
143:
139:
137:
133:
129:
127:
123:
119:
113:
111:
107:
104:
100:
94:
91:
86:
81:
78:July 16, 1862
77:
73:
70:
66:
63:
61:
57:
52:
48:
44:
39:
34:
19:
4407:Solar System
4019:C/2001 OG108
3811:Arend–Roland
3172:103P/Hartley
3162:(2005, 2011)
3148:19P/Borrelly
3096:75D/Kohoutek
3081:20D/Westphal
3004:177P/Barnard
2999:157P/Tritton
2994:122P/de Vico
2869:259P/Garradd
2704:177P/Barnard
2664:144P/Kushida
2649:122P/de Vico
2643:
2639:108P/Ciffréo
2629:103P/Hartley
2619:96P/Machholz
2551:77P/Longmore
2541:75D/Kohoutek
2396:46P/Wirtanen
2386:44P/Reinmuth
2316:30P/Reinmuth
2266:20D/Westphal
2261:19P/Borrelly
1859:Interstellar
1812:Non-periodic
1656:110P/Hartley
1646:108P/Ciffreo
1629:
1584:
1573:Bibliography
1559:. Retrieved
1555:
1545:
1508:
1484:
1453:
1447:
1441:
1429:. Retrieved
1419:
1411:the original
1401:
1375:. Retrieved
1361:
1350:. Retrieved
1336:
1325:. Retrieved
1295:Cometography
1294:
1288:
1268:
1261:
1232:
1226:
1178:
1172:
1148:. Retrieved
1134:
1123:. Retrieved
1109:
1098:. Retrieved
1063:. Retrieved
1049:
1038:. Retrieved
974:
962:
958:
951:
947:
939:
934:
814:Sun distance
791:
777:asteroid or
764:
752:
736:
716:
667:
627:
600:
597: Uranus
589:
586: Saturn
578:
567:
556:
525:
518:
507:
468:
436:
422:
378:
374:
373:
274:
183:133.28
169:Eccentricity
140:51.225
83:Designations
4395:Outer space
4383:Spaceflight
4283: [
4261: [
4157:C/2015 ER61
3866:C/2013 US10
3453: [
3411: [
3106:85D/Boethin
3101:83D/Russell
3086:25D/Neujmin
2889:354P/LINEAR
2847:167P/CINEOS
2837:165P/LINEAR
2819:2060 Chiron
2814:596 Scheila
2784:354P/LINEAR
2779:333P/LINEAR
2739:252P/LINEAR
2734:249P/LINEAR
2719:209P/LINEAR
2614:92P/Sanguin
2591:85D/Boethin
2581:83D/Russell
2576:82P/Gehrels
2556:78P/Gehrels
2506:68P/Klemola
2496:66P/du Toit
2406:48P/Johnson
2376:42P/Neujmin
2366:40P/Väisälä
2346:36P/Whipple
2306:28P/Neujmin
2291:25D/Neujmin
2196:6P/d'Arrest
2099:speculation
2097:Culture and
1926:Exploration
1834:Great Comet
1790:Halley-type
1785:Long period
1607:'s Database
1239:: 372–386.
833:Uncertainty
738:0.153
564: Earth
502:–321-09-27
414:Lewis Swift
219:Inclination
65:Lewis Swift
4417:Categories
4231:Stonehouse
4184:Seki–Lines
4132:Pan-STARRS
4122:Oukaimeden
3997:C/2000 WM1
3920:Ikeya-Seki
3797:After 1910
3753:2I/Borisov
3511:After 1990
3205:Until 1990
3122:spacecraft
3120:Visited by
3071:5D/Brorsen
2964:69P/Taylor
2939:17P/Holmes
2934:15P/Finlay
2884:331P/Gibbs
2804:Comet-like
2609:88P/Howell
2600:After 1985
2586:84P/Giclas
2516:70P/Kojima
2511:69P/Taylor
2361:39P/Oterma
2351:37P/Forbes
2331:33P/Daniel
2251:17P/Holmes
2246:16P/Brooks
2241:15P/Finlay
2231:13P/Olbers
2216:10P/Tempel
2191:5D/Brorsen
2162:Until 1985
2024:2I/Borisov
1907:Oort cloud
1839:Sungrazing
1822:Hyperbolic
1800:Encke-type
1732:Comet dust
1561:2018-11-16
1377:2009-06-19
1352:2009-06-19
1327:2008-08-25
1150:2009-08-10
1125:2010-07-31
1100:2011-05-09
1065:2011-05-09
1040:2014-06-17
993:References
942:= 42.1219
844:Reference
698:perihelion
494:–68-08-27
486:188-07-10
445:(1.3
439:astronomer
390:osculating
365:1348-05-02
357:1479-10-18
349:1610-02-06
341:1737-06-15
333:1862-08-23
325:1992-12-12
317:2126-07-12
309:2261-08-10
301:2392-09-16
284:Perihelion
261:Dimensions
149:Perihelion
4359:Astronomy
4297:Zhu–Balam
4251:C/2020 F8
4246:C/2012 E2
4241:C/2006 M4
4199:C/2013 A1
4194:C/2007 Q3
4174:Pojmański
4162:C/2017 K2
4152:C/2014 Q1
4142:C/2012 K1
4137:C/2011 L4
4127:ʻOumuamua
4117:Nishimura
4105:C/2002 V1
4100:C/2001 Q4
4078:C/2009 R1
4073:C/2006 P1
4051:C/2014 Q2
4046:C/2013 R1
4041:C/2011 W3
4036:C/2007 E2
4024:C/2007 F1
4007:C/2002 T7
4002:C/2001 A2
3992:C/1999 S4
3970:C/2019 U6
3965:C/2018 C2
3960:C/2012 F6
3913:C/1964 N1
3908:C/1963 A1
3898:Hyakutake
3888:Hale-Bopp
3861:C/1999 F1
3846:Bradfield
3821:Beljawsky
3799:(by name)
3242:C/1652 Y1
3197:(notable)
3166:C/2006 P1
3160:9P/Tempel
3136:1P/Halley
3059:Not found
3038:Destroyed
2922:Recovered
2864:238P/Read
2842:166P/NEAT
2806:asteroids
2769:323P/SOHO
2764:322P/SOHO
2744:255P/Levy
2729:246P/NEAT
2724:238P/Read
2699:169P/NEAT
2654:126P/IRAS
2602:(notable)
2521:71P/Clark
2416:50P/Arend
2276:22P/Kopff
2211:9P/Tempel
2206:8P/Tuttle
2171:1P/Halley
2074:C/2014 UN
2044:C/2017 U7
1805:Main-belt
1528:, or 2.75
1145:Space.com
821:wrt Earth
553: Sun
130:257 years
54:Discovery
4332:Category
4221:Southern
4068:McNaught
4063:Machholz
3950:Kohoutek
3856:Catalina
3831:Boattini
3154:81P/Wild
3091:34D/Gale
3045:3D/Biela
2571:81P/Wild
2491:65P/Gunn
2481:63P/Wild
2336:34D/Gale
2236:14P/Wolf
2181:3D/Biela
2176:2P/Encke
2152:Periodic
1917:Asteroid
1854:Exocomet
1775:Numbered
1770:Periodic
1727:Antitail
1705:Features
1643:Previous
1534:megatons
1482:(1997).
1321:Archived
957:, where
894:See also
885:Horizons
826:Velocity
819:Velocity
787:433 Eros
654:librates
383:periodic
296:(years)
188:133y 7m
136:Aphelion
4345:Portals
4292:Yi–SWAN
4169:Pereyra
4112:NEOWISE
4031:Lovejoy
3977:Leonard
3945:Johnson
3940:Jacques
3935:Iwamoto
3893:Humason
3878:Eclipse
3836:Borisov
3826:Bennett
2186:4P/Faye
1885:Centaur
1868:Related
1849:Extinct
1712:Nucleus
1603:at the
1431:24 July
1241:Bibcode
1183:Bibcode
980:3-sigma
965:is the
944:√
839:3-sigma
830:(km/s)
828:wrt Sun
823:(km/s)
642:Jupiter
521:Polaris
499:322 BCE
447:billion
429:Perseid
425:nucleus
402:Jupiter
291:Orbital
223:113.45°
4014:LONEOS
3987:LINEAR
3955:Lemmon
3883:Elenin
3851:Brooks
3841:Bowell
3816:Austin
3195:comets
3180:(2014)
3174:(2010)
3168:(2007)
3156:(2004)
3150:(2001)
3144:(1992)
3138:(1986)
3132:(1985)
2860:(176P)
2854:(174P)
2833:(133P)
2827:(107P)
2154:comets
1947:Latest
1895:LINEAR
1843:Kreutz
1694:Comets
1586:Forbes
1496:
1276:
1228:Icarus
950:− 0.5/
835:region
771:Apollo
658:epochs
650:proper
606:
601:·
599:
595:
590:·
588:
584:
579:·
577:
573:
568:·
566:
562:
557:·
555:
551:
491:69 BCE
483:188 CE
475:CE/BCE
449:
368:135.0
360:133.4
352:130.5
344:127.8
336:131.7
328:135.0
320:136.2
312:134.6
304:132.7
293:period
244:Earth
173:0.9632
4371:Stars
4287:]
4265:]
4179:Ryves
4090:Mrkos
4058:Lulin
3903:Ikeya
3457:]
3415:]
2821:(95P)
2164:(all)
1762:Types
1722:Tails
1235:(2).
926:Notes
816:(AU)
713:year.
674:Earth
670:orbit
640:with
634:Pluto
630:Earth
603:
592:
581:
570:
559:
538:Orbit
478:Date
400:with
386:comet
207:Min.
196:Max.
110:Epoch
4270:West
4236:SWAN
4216:SOHO
4095:NEAT
3982:Levy
3930:ISON
2914:Lost
2789:362P
2139:more
1780:Lost
1717:Coma
1653:Next
1615:NASA
1526:ergs
1494:ISBN
1433:2020
1274:ISBN
978:The
877:40.8
874:58.3
775:Aten
703:IAUC
678:Moon
423:Its
287:date
246:MOID
4302:ZTF
2076:271
1617:'s
1613:at
1532:10
1524:10
1458:doi
1249:doi
1233:114
1191:doi
1179:266
773:or
514:BCE
47:ISS
4419::
4285:de
4263:de
3455:de
3413:de
1583:.
1554:.
1488:.
1471:^
1386:^
1370:.
1345:.
1319:.
1315:.
1303:^
1247:.
1231:.
1205:^
1189:.
1177:.
1171:.
1159:^
1143:.
1118:.
1074:^
1033:.
1018:^
1001:^
946:1/
866:LD
862:mi
858:km
854:AU
841:)
811:)
809:AU
756:AU
748:mi
744:km
740:AU
732:km
728:AU
694:mi
690:km
686:AU
523:.
451:km
443:AU
392:)
185:yr
142:AU
118:JD
4347::
3249:)
2141:)
2137:(
1845:)
1841:(
1686:e
1679:t
1672:v
1589:.
1564:.
1540:.
1530:×
1522:×
1518:×
1502:.
1460::
1454:2
1435:.
1380:.
1355:.
1330:.
1282:.
1255:.
1251::
1243::
1199:.
1193::
1185::
1153:.
1128:.
1103:.
1068:.
1043:.
969:.
963:a
959:r
952:a
948:r
940:v
868:)
837:(
807:(
769:(
760:×
701:(
676:–
610:)
116:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
