227:
331:
70:
87:
44:
216:-instructor. Over the following years the gunners practised gun drill and target firing with the heavy guns from the fort and musketry with carbines at a range on Mount Road. The first headquarters (HQ) was an office in Broad Street, then a wooden building on the Kirk Green until that was replaced by a purpose-built drill hall on reclaimed land on the shore of the Peerie Sea.
455:
in the case of the Orkney RGA. Shortly afterwards, members of the TF were invited to volunteer for
Overseas Service, and the majority did so. Soon the TF RGA companies that had volunteered for overseas service were supplying trained gunners to RGA units serving overseas. Although most defended ports
536:
above the cuffs, officers had them in silver. The headgear was a blue peaked cap with a black band and scarlet piping, with the Royal Arms badge. White waist belts were worn, later replaced by cheaper black leather . However, in 1863 the 1st Orkney AVC adopted the standard uniform of the Royal
499:(TA) in 1921. However, recruitment was poor and the brigade was officially disbanded in May 1922. The historian of the Orkney and Shetland Volunteers places the blame for this failure on the disheartening effect of the 1915 decision to disband the former Orkney RGA.
361:
The unit had its headquarters and drill hall at
Kirkwall, and each battery had its own drill hall, armoury, sergeant-instructor's cottage, practice battery of two guns (four at Kirkwall) and a carbine range. The practice batteries were re-armed with old
507:
In 1926 it was decided that the coastal defences of Great
Britain should be solely manned by part-time soldiers of the TA. However, there were by now no TA units existing in Orkney or Shetland, and new ones had to be hastily raised after the
314:
and drills commenced, but no officer candidates came forward and the unit was abandoned. Once a fifth OAV had been raised there were moves for Orkney to have its own brigade, and Capt David
Balfour of the 3rd (Shapinsay) OAV was appointed
597:
One source suggests that the Orkney Coast
Brigade reformed in 1920 was placed in suspended animation in 1922 and was revived in 1938; however other sources state that it was disbanded and that the Orkney Hvy Rgt was a new
195:
in time of need. A public meeting on 29 December 1859 resolved to raise a volunteer company in Orkney, and a further meeting in early
January 1860 decided that it should be an artillery volunteer corps (AVC). The
483:, and because the unit no longer had a mobilisation role it was disbanded, despite the protests of the Orkney TF Association. The individual Orkney gunners were posted to other RGA units in the UK and overseas.
1185:
1180:
220:
1165:
191:
following an invasion scare in 1859 saw the creation of many Rifle, Artillery and
Engineer Volunteer Corps composed of part-time soldiers eager to supplement the Regular
1170:
557:
491:
When the TF was reconstituted on 1 January 1920, there were attempts to revive the Orkney RGA. Major J.D. Shearer raised two companies, which were designated the
401:
transferred as a 'defended ports unit' with minor changes to organisation and uniforms. Headquarters remained at
Kirkwall with the companies located as follows:
795:
205:
175:, as early as 1801, but little is known of its history. It was probably absorbed into the Orkney Volunteer Infantry and disbanded by the end of the
517:
1077:
1059:
1008:
316:
355:
351:
346:, with the individual corps as numbered companies. On 1 April 1882 all AVCs were affiliated to a territorial garrison division of the
1148:
1102:
1044:
1029:
1001:
986:
496:
532:
with blue cuffs and collar, with five rows of black lace across the chest. Other ranks had scarlet piping round the collar and
358:
when the numbers were reduced on 1 July 1889. By 1894 No 6 Company was at Holm and Fort
Alexander, No 9 at Birsay and Douby.
1120:
204:
on 12 March 1860, and over 50 volunteers gathered at
Kirkwall that month, when John Heddle of Melsetter was chosen as
226:
143:
in 1860 as a response to a French invasion threat. The unit served as coast artillery until it was disbanded after
1012:
160:
1115:
451:
On the outbreak of war TF units mobilised and went to their war stations: the coast defences around Orkney and
370:
17:
156:
480:
373:(RGA), and when the RA abolished its divisional structure on 1 January 1902 the unit was redesignated the
342:
Volunteer corps were consolidated into larger units in 1880, when the 1st Admin Brigade became simply the
324:
363:
564:
330:
574:
Lt-Col Richard Bailey, formerly Captain, RA, and adjutant of the 1st OAV, appointed 19 January 1898
538:
461:
549:
The following served as commanding officer of the 1st Orkney Artillery Volunteers and Orkney RGA:
516:, the fixed coast defences on Orkney, including those protecting Scapa Flow, were manned by a new
568:
873:
1175:
1144:
1098:
1073:
1055:
1040:
1025:
997:
982:
390:
163:, and some of these had taken on the role of manning coast artillery guns. One such unit, the
94:
809:
457:
172:
479:, would take over the defences of the whole of Orkney. The Orkney RGA was replaced by the
394:
386:
347:
311:
250:
188:
176:
136:
90:
86:
1054:, London: Royal Artillery Institution, 1959/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2005,
219:
Other AVCs followed across the islands, and from 1863 they were all administered by the
299:
30 December 1874 under Capt John Macrae; renumbered 8th in 1877, moved to Kirkwall 1886
243:
209:
140:
75:
1159:
533:
509:
282:
513:
289:
275:
239:
192:
460:
to form complete siege artillery batteries for front line service from New Army ('
1067:
472:
144:
306:, Mainland, 2 March 1877 under Capt William J. Isbister; renumbered 9th in 1877
529:
476:
468:
201:
464:') volunteers, the Orkney RGA does not appear to have been used in this way.
1088:
The History of the Orkney and Shetland Volunteers and Territorials 1793–1958
452:
292:, Mainland, 25 June 1870 under Capt Joseph R. Holmes; renumbered 7th in 1877
261:
257:
Island 10 July 1863 under Capt David Balfour, with a battery at Fort Eleanor
254:
159:
units had been organised across Britain at the time for home defenceof the
43:
366:, so serious training on modern guns was carried out at the annual camp.
268:
213:
168:
120:
1022:
The Territorial Artillery 1908–1988 (Their Lineage, Uniforms and Badges)
1037:
The Volunteer Artillery 1859–1908 (Their Lineage, Uniforms and Badges)
303:
296:
329:
323:
on 15 March 1867 with Capt Alex Bain of the 1st (Kirkwall) OAV as
225:
979:
Riflemen Form: A Study of the Rifle Volunteer Movement 1859–1908
278:, Mainland, 28 November 1866 under Capt Alex. Sutherland Graeme
369:
From 1 June 1899 all artillery volunteers became part of the
404:
334:
Artillery Volunteers at drill with 64-pounder gun at drill,
1141:
Always Ready: The Drill Halls of Britain's Volunteer Forces
796:
Orkney & Zetland Volunteer Artillery at Regiments.org.
221:
1st Administrative Brigade, Caithness Artillery Volunteers
264:, Mainland, 23 June 1863 under Capt John Stanger of Ness
471:, which was already responsible for the defence of the
321:
1st Administrative Brigade, Orkney Artillery Volunteers
528:
The original uniform of the 1st Orkney AVC was a blue
48:
Number 6 Company, 1st Orkney RGA (Volunteers) in 1902
1186:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1902
212:
was erected at Cromwell's Fort in the charge of the
1121:
Land Forces of Britain, the Empire and Commonwealth
577:
Lt-Col Thomas S. Peace, VD, appointed 28 March 1906
116:
108:
100:
81:
63:
53:
34:
1052:The History of Coast Artillery in the British Army
556:Brevet Colonel Fred W. Burroughs, formerly of the
230:Decorative cannon at Balfour Harbour on Shapinsay.
1181:Military units and formations established in 1860
1014:Records of the Scottish Volunteer Force 1859–1908
375:1st Orkney Royal Garrison Artillery (Volunteers)
271:Island 17 August 1865 under Capt Peter A. Calder
924:
922:
920:
18:1st (Kirkwall) Orkney Artillery Volunteer Corps
996:, Vol I, Wakefield, Microform Academic, 1984,
677:
675:
673:
671:
310:Some 70 volunteers were raised for a corps at
1166:Artillery Volunteer Corps of the British Army
994:Lineage Book of British Land Forces 1660–1978
842:
840:
838:
553:Lt-Col David Balfour, appointed 15 March 1867
354:in the case of the 1st Orkney, moving to the
8:
580:Lt-Col J. Slater, VD, appointed 29 July 1911
285:, Mainland, 31 October 1868; disbanded 1877
860:
858:
856:
854:
852:
771:
769:
767:
765:
763:
699:
697:
695:
693:
691:
689:
687:
719:
717:
715:
713:
711:
709:
652:
650:
1069:Order of Battle of the British Army 1914
791:
789:
787:
785:
783:
781:
135:(OAV) was a part-time unit of Britain's
1171:Military units and formations in Orkney
805:
803:
741:
739:
737:
735:
733:
731:
729:
610:
590:
1035:Norman Litchfield & Ray Westlake,
981:, Aldershot, The Ogilby Trusts, 1982,
246:, 23 June 1863 under Capt James Scarth
200:(OAV) was accepted for service by the
31:
723:Litchfield & Westlake, pp. 144–5.
7:
1039:, Nottingham: Sherwood Press, 1982,
1024:, Nottingham: Sherwood Press, 1992,
198:1st Orkney Artillery Volunteer Corps
495:when the TF was reorganised as the
467:In 1915 it was announced that the
416:No 3 Company at Balfour, Shapinsay
27:Coast defence artillery volunteers
25:
295:9th (Rousay) OAV – formed at the
1134:Orkney Coast Batteries 1914–1956
1116:The Regimental Warpath 1914–1918
1090:, Lerwick: Shetland Times, 1958.
260:4th (Stromness) OAV – formed at
249:3rd (Shapinsay) OAV – formed at
85:
68:
42:
1143:, Essex: Partizan Press, 2006,
344:1st Orkney Artillery Volunteers
267:5th (Stronsay) OAV – formed at
133:1st Orkney Artillery Volunteers
37:Orkney Royal Garrison Artillery
35:1st Orkney Artillery Volunteers
1095:The Army and Society 1815–1914
413:No 2 Company at Isle of Sanday
302:10th (Birsay) OAV – formed at
1:
1016:, Edinburgh: Blackwood, 1909.
238:2nd (Sanday) OAV – formed at
1066:Rinaldi, Richard A. (2008).
512:in 1938. On the outbreak of
281:7th (Firth) OAV – formed at
560:, appointed 1 November 1873
389:were subsumed into the new
288:8th (Evie) OAV – formed at
274:6th (Holm) OAV – formed at
187:Renewed enthusiasm for the
1202:
1097:, London: Longmans, 1980,
571:, appointed 9 October 1880
520:formed on 1 November 1938
518:Orkney Heavy Regiment (TA)
1050:Col K. W. Maurice-Jones,
946:Maurice-Jones, pp. 206–7.
914:Maurice-Jones, pp. 200–1.
617:Maurice-Jones, pp. 101–3.
493:Orkney Coast Brigade, RGA
419:No 4 Company at Stromness
161:French Revolutionary Wars
41:
1020:Norman E.H. Litchfield,
432:No 7 Company at Kirkwall
410:No 1 Company at Kirkwall
371:Royal Garrison Artillery
665:Beckett, Appendix VIII.
757:Maurice-Jones, p. 164.
481:Royal Marine Artillery
339:
231:
167:, was in existence at
905:Frederick, pp. 702–8.
681:Frederick, pp. 667–8.
563:Lt-Col J.W. Balfour,
524:Uniforms and insignia
333:
229:
208:. A battery with two
1072:. Tiger Lily Books.
823:Beckett, pp. 247–53.
703:Grierson, pp. 163–5.
567:, formerly Captain,
541:was worn from 1880.
429:No 6 Company at Holm
426:No 5 Company at Evie
1132:Jeffrey E. Dorman,
846:Litchfield, p. 301.
832:Spiers, Chapter 10.
545:Commanding officers
539:Home Service helmet
364:64-pounder RML guns
1093:Edward M. Spiers,
992:J.B.M. Frederick,
977:Ian F.W. Beckett,
955:Frederick, p. 601.
928:Frederick, p. 615.
887:Frederick, p. 698.
644:Spiers, pp. 163–8.
626:Rollo, pp. v, 4–5.
569:7th Dragoon Guards
340:
317:Lieutenant-Colonel
235:1st (Kirkwall) OAV
232:
189:Volunteer movement
1079:978-0-9776072-8-0
1060:978-1-84574-031-3
937:Litchfield, p. 4.
811:Edinburgh Gazette
443:
442:
391:Territorial Force
381:Territorial Force
356:Southern Division
352:Scottish Division
126:
125:
104:Coastal Artillery
95:Territorial Force
16:(Redirected from
1193:
1110:External sources
1083:
965:
962:
956:
953:
947:
944:
938:
935:
929:
926:
915:
912:
906:
903:
897:
896:Rinaldi, p, 276.
894:
888:
885:
879:
871:
865:
864:Rollo, pp. 25–6.
862:
847:
844:
833:
830:
824:
821:
815:
813:, 22 March 1867.
807:
798:
793:
776:
775:Rollo, pp. 12–3.
773:
758:
755:
749:
748:, various dates.
743:
724:
721:
704:
701:
682:
679:
666:
663:
657:
656:Rollo, pp. 7–11.
654:
645:
642:
636:
633:
627:
624:
618:
615:
599:
595:
558:93rd Highlanders
497:Territorial Army
475:'s anchorage at
462:Kitchener's Army
405:
173:Mainland, Orkney
165:Kirkwall Gunners
89:
74:
72:
71:
46:
32:
21:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1156:
1155:
1154:
1129:
1127:Further reading
1112:
1080:
1065:
973:
968:
963:
959:
954:
950:
945:
941:
936:
932:
927:
918:
913:
909:
904:
900:
895:
891:
886:
882:
872:
868:
863:
850:
845:
836:
831:
827:
822:
818:
808:
801:
794:
779:
774:
761:
756:
752:
744:
727:
722:
707:
702:
685:
680:
669:
664:
660:
655:
648:
643:
639:
634:
630:
625:
621:
616:
612:
608:
603:
602:
596:
592:
587:
547:
537:Artillery. The
526:
505:
503:Successor units
489:
456:units provided
449:
444:
395:Haldane Reforms
393:(TF) under the
383:
348:Royal Artillery
312:South Ronaldsay
210:32-pounder guns
185:
183:Volunteer Force
177:Napoleonic Wars
153:
137:Royal Artillery
129:
91:Volunteer Force
69:
67:
58:
49:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1199:
1197:
1189:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1152:
1139:Mike Osborne,
1137:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1118:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1091:
1084:
1078:
1063:
1048:
1033:
1018:
1009:James Grierson
1005:
990:
974:
972:
969:
967:
966:
957:
948:
939:
930:
916:
907:
898:
889:
880:
877:20 March 1908.
875:London Gazette
866:
848:
834:
825:
816:
799:
777:
759:
750:
725:
705:
683:
667:
658:
646:
637:
628:
619:
609:
607:
604:
601:
600:
589:
588:
586:
583:
582:
581:
578:
575:
572:
561:
554:
546:
543:
534:Austrian knots
525:
522:
504:
501:
488:
485:
448:
445:
441:
440:
435:
434:
433:
430:
427:
422:
421:
420:
417:
414:
411:
403:
382:
379:
308:
307:
300:
297:Isle of Rousay
293:
286:
279:
272:
265:
258:
247:
244:Isle of Sanday
236:
184:
181:
152:
151:Precursor unit
149:
141:Orkney Islands
139:formed in the
127:
124:
123:
118:
114:
113:
110:
106:
105:
102:
98:
97:
83:
79:
78:
76:United Kingdom
65:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1198:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1150:
1149:1-85818-509-2
1146:
1142:
1138:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1103:0-582-48565-7
1100:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1045:0-9508205-0-4
1042:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1030:0-9508205-2-0
1027:
1023:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1010:
1006:
1003:
1002:1-85117-007-3
999:
995:
991:
988:
987:0-85936-271-X
984:
980:
976:
975:
970:
964:Rollo, p. 27.
961:
958:
952:
949:
943:
940:
934:
931:
925:
923:
921:
917:
911:
908:
902:
899:
893:
890:
884:
881:
878:
876:
870:
867:
861:
859:
857:
855:
853:
849:
843:
841:
839:
835:
829:
826:
820:
817:
814:
812:
806:
804:
800:
797:
792:
790:
788:
786:
784:
782:
778:
772:
770:
768:
766:
764:
760:
754:
751:
747:
742:
740:
738:
736:
734:
732:
730:
726:
720:
718:
716:
714:
712:
710:
706:
700:
698:
696:
694:
692:
690:
688:
684:
678:
676:
674:
672:
668:
662:
659:
653:
651:
647:
641:
638:
632:
629:
623:
620:
614:
611:
605:
594:
591:
584:
579:
576:
573:
570:
566:
562:
559:
555:
552:
551:
550:
544:
542:
540:
535:
531:
523:
521:
519:
515:
511:
510:Munich Crisis
502:
500:
498:
494:
486:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
465:
463:
459:
454:
446:
439:
436:
431:
428:
425:
424:
423:
418:
415:
412:
409:
408:
407:
406:
402:
400:
397:of 1908, the
396:
392:
388:
380:
378:
376:
372:
367:
365:
359:
357:
353:
349:
345:
337:
332:
328:
326:
322:
318:
313:
305:
301:
298:
294:
291:
287:
284:
280:
277:
273:
270:
266:
263:
259:
256:
252:
248:
245:
241:
237:
234:
233:
228:
224:
222:
217:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
194:
190:
182:
180:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
150:
148:
146:
142:
138:
134:
128:Military unit
122:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
77:
66:
62:
56:
52:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
1140:
1133:
1094:
1087:
1068:
1051:
1036:
1021:
1013:
993:
978:
960:
951:
942:
933:
910:
901:
892:
883:
874:
869:
828:
819:
810:
753:
745:
661:
640:
631:
622:
613:
593:
548:
527:
514:World War II
506:
492:
490:
466:
450:
437:
398:
384:
374:
368:
360:
343:
341:
335:
320:
309:
218:
197:
193:British Army
186:
164:
154:
132:
130:
112:10 Companies
29:
473:Grand Fleet
447:World War I
145:World War I
117:Garrison/HQ
1160:Categories
971:References
530:Frock coat
477:Scapa Flow
469:Royal Navy
399:Orkney RGA
387:Volunteers
350:(RA), the
240:Scar House
202:War Office
1086:D. Rollo
746:Army List
585:Footnotes
453:Fair Isle
385:When the
319:of a new
262:Stromness
255:Shapinsay
157:Volunteer
155:Numerous
59:1920–1922
57:1860–1915
1176:Kirkwall
1007:Maj-Gen
635:Beckett.
269:Stronsay
214:Sergeant
169:Kirkwall
121:Kirkwall
1136:, 1996.
487:Postwar
251:Balfour
242:on the
206:Captain
64:Country
1147:
1101:
1076:
1058:
1043:
1028:
1000:
985:
458:cadres
438:
304:Birsay
82:Branch
73:
54:Active
606:Notes
598:unit.
338:1895.
325:Major
283:Firth
1145:ISBN
1099:ISBN
1074:ISBN
1056:ISBN
1041:ISBN
1026:ISBN
998:ISBN
983:ISBN
290:Evie
276:Holm
131:The
109:Size
101:Role
253:on
171:on
1162::
1011:,
919:^
851:^
837:^
802:^
780:^
762:^
728:^
708:^
686:^
670:^
649:^
565:VD
377:.
336:ca
327:.
223::
179:.
147:.
1151:.
1105:.
1082:.
1062:.
1047:.
1032:.
1004:.
989:.
93:/
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
