26:
480:, the men suffered from an epidemic which at one point rendered over half of them too sick for duty and led to 8 deaths, including two of the Battalion's officers. The post suffered from supply problems as well. These conditions caused construction of permanent buildings at the post to slow to a halt, leaving the men to live in tents and temporary brush shelters during their service there and generally curtailing, for a time, operations against the Apaches.
373:. They were posted to Drum Barracks in September 1864 and remained there until departing for Arizona Territory with the rest of the battalion in July 1865. The company was posted to Fort Mason where it remained until January 1866. Mustered out at Presidio of San Francisco April 1866.
395:
who served until his death from fever in
Arizona Territory in December 1865. They were assigned to Drum Barracks in March 1864 and were largely employed in construction duties, though later in that year they were increasingly employed in maintaining order in
483:
These difficulties did not preclude all active service, however, from time to time, the
Battalion was able to organize patrols and scouts. Notably, shortly after their arrival at Fort Mason, Captain Pico led a detachment across the border to
750:
308:
before marching south to join the rest of the
Battalion at Drum Barracks in June 1865. Departed for Arizona Territory with the rest of the battalion in July 1865. The company was posted to Fort Mason where it remained until January
685:
Tom
Prezelski, Lives..., note 35. Constance Wynn Altshuler, "Camp Moore and Fort Mason", Journal of the Council on Abandoned Military Posts, vol. 26 (Winter 1976), pp. 34–36; Sacramento Union, October 19,
745:
676:
Tom
Prezelski, Lives of the California Lancers, The First Battalion of Native California Cavalry, 1863–1866, article presented at the 1998 joint New Mexico-Arizona Historical Convention in Santa Fe.
765:
237:
received a commission as Major in
February 1863, but never formally accepted command of the Battalion, having declined the commission on the ground of sickness and inability to ride on horseback.
755:
726:
Tom
Prezelski, Lives of the California Lancers; The First Battalion of Native California Cavalry, 1863–1866, included in The California State Military Museum; 1st Battalion of Native Cavalry
731:
Records of
California men in the war of the rebellion 1861 to 1867 By California. Adjutant General's Office, SACRAMENTO: State Office, J. D. Young, Supt. State Printing. 1890. pp. 304–320
206:
as well as immigrants from Mexico, Hispano
America and Europe (particularly France). In addition to its ethnic makeup, the Battalion is also considered unusual for being one of the few
359:
in June 1865. Departed for
Arizona Territory with the rest of the battalion in July 1865. The company was posted to Fort Mason where it remained until January 1866.
617:
The Army of the Pacific : its operations in California, Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, Oregon, Washington, Plains Region, Mexico, etc., 1860-1866
770:
519:
The Battalion left Arizona in February, 1866 and was mustered out in California the following March at Drum Barracks, and Company C in April in San Francisco.
416:. They left for Arizona Territory with the rest of the Battalion in July 1865. The company was posted to Fort Mason where it remained until January 1866.
760:
508:, Sonora. Finally, the Battalion participated in a campaign against the Apaches from December 1865 to January 1866 which took them as far east as the
528:
405:
446:
476:
Service at Fort Mason was generally considered miserable. Because of its somewhat swampy (by Arizona standards) location on the banks of the
625:
568:
Orton, Richard H. Records of California Men In The War of the Rebellion 1861 to 1867, California Adjutant-General's Office, 1890 pp. 304–320
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344:
442:
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352:
340:
271:
320:
477:
370:
301:
59:
559:
Masich, Andrew E., Civil War in the Southwest Borderlands, 1861-1867 (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2017).
366:
332:
289:
142:
546:
Prezelski, Tom, "Lives of the Californio Lancers, The First Battalion of Native California Cavalry, 1863–1866"
129:
55:
274:, August 31, 1865, to January 31, 1866. Returned to San Francisco in early 1866 to muster out in March 1866.
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forces there. Likewise, in November, 1865, in response to a cross-border incursion at the settlement of
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401:
324:
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458:
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militia loyal to the Imperialists, a force of Native Cavalrymen pursued the raiders as far south as
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25:
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388:
211:
191:
118:
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sympathies who were terrorizing the Central Valley. They joined the rest of the Battalion at
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348:
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305:
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171:
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297:
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234:
163:
106:
739:
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356:
316:
263:
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commanded the Battalion from March 24, 1865, until it was mustered out a year later.
198:
population (colloquially known as "Native Californians"), though its ranks included
501:
199:
730:
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720:
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as well as patrol the International Line against incursions by the forces of the
413:
380:
137:
695:
Tom Prezelski, Lives..., note 44. Returns, Companies A, B, C, and D, NCC, MNG.
218:
195:
187:
513:
409:
404:, in response to threats of violence by Confederate sympathizers around the
267:
620:. Internet Archive. Mechanicsburg, PA : Stackpole Books. p. 247.
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336:
123:
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in August, 1865. They were joined there by Companies D, E, and G of the
450:
83:
79:
488:, Sonora in an unsuccessful effort to recover deserters being held by
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Military units and formations of the United States in the Indian Wars
721:
The California State Military Museum; 1st Battalion of Native Cavalry
462:
207:
243:
commanded the Battalion from August 1864 to the following February.
327:
from September 1863 to March 1865 when he was replaced by Captain
102:
98:
473:
to flee northward and take up temporary residence at Calabazas.
300:
taking part in one skirmish, serving at various posts in the
433:
Deserts, the Battalion arrived at their new duty station,
408:. In the spring of 1865, they were briefly dispatched to
465:
had recently fallen to Imperial forces (as part of the
266:
from December 31, 1864, to June 30, 1865. Relocated to
746:
Units and formations of the Union Army from California
184:
1st Battalion of Native Cavalry, California Volunteers
304:
through February, 1865. They were briefly posted at
766:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1866
292:, in December 1863, their lances were replaced with
19:
1st Battalion, Native Cavalry, California Volunteers
449:. From there, the Battalion was to act against the
157:
152:
112:
90:
75:
65:
51:
43:
35:
18:
217:The Battalion spent its entire term of service in
756:Military units and formations established in 1863
391:until May 1865 when he was replaced by Captain
296:and they were sent north to support an ongoing
8:
335:until January, 1865, when they were sent to
461:allies. The neighboring Mexican State of
447:7th Regiment California Volunteer Infantry
529:List of California Civil War Union units
387:from March to May 1864, then by Captain
539:
262:Battalion headquarters were located at
194:. Recruits were largely drawn from the
15:
7:
771:1866 disestablishments in California
323:and initially commanded by Captain
425:After a grueling march across the
14:
761:1863 establishments in California
365:was recruited almost entirely in
103:US Model 1840 Heavy Cavalry Saber
24:
658:Orton, Records..., pp. 306, 315
649:Orton, Records..., pp. 305, 306
383:. It was commanded by Captain
186:was a cavalry battalion in the
548:The Journal of Arizona History
351:, a group of bandits with pro-
1:
412:as a base for patrols of the
369:and was commanded by Captain
272:Fort Mason, Arizona Territory
331:. They were posted to the
288:. Initially posted to the
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371:Antonio Maria de la Guerra
302:Humboldt Military District
667:Orton, Records..., p. 306
640:Orton, Records..., p. 306
604:Orton, Records..., p. 306
437:, near the settlement of
347:and operated against the
343:and to re-occupy the old
333:Presidio of San Francisco
290:Presidio of San Francisco
284:and commanded by Captain
280:was largely recruited in
143:Battle of Sulphur Springs
23:
130:Skirmish at Grass Valley
124:Skirmish at Diablo Range
713:Tom Prezelski, Lives...
704:Tom Prezelski, Lives...
270:July 31, 1865, then at
241:Major Salvador Vallejo
168:Major Salvador Vallejo
30:35 star Cavalry guidon
614:Hunt, Aurora (2004).
402:San Bernardino County
247:Major John C. Cremony
172:Major John C. Cremony
512:and as far south as
510:Chiricahua Mountains
469:), forcing Governor
385:José Antonio Sanchez
345:Presidio of Monterey
595:Orton. pp. 304, 307
467:French Intervention
254:Company assignments
235:General Andrés Pico
164:General Andrés Pico
421:Service in Arizona
398:Los Angeles County
212:United States Army
192:American Civil War
119:American Civil War
627:978-0-8117-2978-9
471:Ignacio Pesqueira
379:was recruited in
341:San Juan Bautista
325:Ernest H. Legross
315:was recruited in
223:Arizona Territory
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306:Benicia Barracks
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329:Porfirio Jimeno
294:Sharps Carbines
286:José Ramón Pico
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490:Imperialist
414:Mojave Road
389:Edward Bale
381:Los Angeles
353:Confederate
190:during the
138:Apache Wars
113:Engagements
740:Categories
535:References
516:, Sonora.
494:San Rafael
435:Fort Mason
229:Commanders
219:California
196:Californio
188:Union Army
160:commanders
153:Commanders
52:Allegiance
514:Fronteras
486:Magdalena
439:Calabazas
410:Camp Cady
377:Company D
363:Company C
313:Company B
278:Company A
268:Fort Yuma
91:Equipment
39:1863–1866
523:See also
496:by Col.
457:and its
337:Camp Low
319:and the
282:San José
451:Apaches
441:on the
431:Sonoran
158:Notable
84:Lancers
80:Cavalry
44:Country
624:
506:ĂŤmuris
463:Sonora
459:French
443:border
427:Mojave
208:lancer
132:(Co.A)
126:(Co.B)
66:Branch
36:Active
686:1865.
502:Opata
309:1866.
200:Yaqui
99:Lance
60:Union
622:ISBN
429:and
400:and
221:and
202:and
182:The
76:Type
70:Army
339:in
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82:(
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