288:, Captain Loren L. Williams and a party of twenty Oregon infantrymen from Company H were ambushed by a band of hostile Native Americans. Williams and his troops fought a harrowing retreat back to Camp Wright, defending themselves for about fifteen hours before they reached safety. All along the way Native Americans fired from concealed positions. At one point, they even set a brush fire in the soldiers path to prevent them from escaping. Despite their continuous attacks, the Native Americans only wounded two soldiers. In his report, Williams stated that his long-range rifles killed fifteen Native American. He also stated that his superior weaponry was the only thing that prevented his party from being overrun.
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399:; Camp Wallace; and Camp Lander near Fort Hall in the Idaho Territory. Detachment commanders were instructed to build winter quarters at their posts and prepare for a winter offensive. Winter provisions were to follow in supply wagons. However, the end of the Civil War in the east had freed up many regular officers for duty in the west, and as a result, Colonel Currey was released from duty in November 1865 along with the men from companies C, D, and E. Lieutenant Colonel Drake was released from service in December, so the planned winter campaign never got started.
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and southwest Oregon with John Day's mining country. After the construction work was completed, Sprague published a list of the best camp sites along the road in the
Jacksonville newspapers so that the wagon masters could find the best water and grass along the way. On 1 August 1865, two hunters from
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to take command of the
Military Department of the Columbia. As soon as the weather improved he ordered the dispersed infantry units, except Captain Sprague's Company I, to report to Fort Vancouver where the volunteers were mustered out of service. Several officers were reassigned to regular Army
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While some detachments of the 1st Oregon
Volunteer Infantry Regiment occasionally skirmished with hostile Native American bands, the regiment's main duties were much more mundane. Most companies spent their time in garrison duty at small posts in eastern Oregon, southeast Washington, and southern
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In the summer of 1865, Lieutenant Cyrus H. Walker and the men of
Company B were responsible for disarming friendly Native Americans and guarding numerous wagon trains as they crossed southern Idaho. They also established Camp Reed at Salmon Falls Creek and Camp Wallace at Camas Prairie, both in
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and Idaho territories without sufficient troops to guard Native
American reservations from trespassing miners, escort immigrant wagon trains, and protect settlers and traders from Native American raiders in eastern Oregon and southern Idaho. Oregon officials were also concerned about possible
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all encourage young men to join the new regiment. The publicity along with the $ 150 bounty helped make the recruiting drive a success. The first companies of the 1st Oregon
Volunteer Infantry Regiment were officially activated on 11 November 1864. By June 1865, the regiment reached ten
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in
Washington, D.C. requesting permission to recruit a new infantry regiment and cavalry replacements. On 20 October 1864, the Governor received a positive reply from the War Department. The news arrived just one day before the end of Oregon's legislative session. Gibbs quickly asked the
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units arriving from the east, but few were retained more than a year. On 19 July 1867, Captain
Sprague, First Lieutenant Harrison B. Oatman, and the men of Company I were the last members of the 1st Oregon Volunteer Infantry Regiment to be mustered out of the Army.
363:, which had been first visited in 1853, but was never effectively recorded so that others could locate the lake. Based on directions from his hunters, Sprague and five other men visited the lake on 12 August. They climbed down the 800 foot
456:(Commander, Company C); William S. Powell (Commander, Company D); Ferdinand O. McGown (Commander, Company E); Ebner W. Waters (Commander, Company F); Andrew J. Boland (Commander, Company G); Loren L. Williams (Commander, Company H);
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In the fall of 1865, Colonel Currey was planning a winter campaign against the Native
Americans in eastern Oregon. To prepare, he sent detachments of the 1st Oregon Infantry along with Oregon cavalry units to Camp Alvord in the
218:, who replaced Wright as commander of the Department of the Pacific, to request authority to recruit additional troops for military operations in Oregon. On 31 August 1864, Gibbs and McDowell sent a joint letter to the
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The following is a list of officers who served in the 1st Oregon
Volunteer Infantry Regiment. The list was current as of 31 October 1865, the date the first members of the regiment were mustered out of service.
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Idaho. They protected immigrant trails and escorted wagon trains from Fort Boise to the Willamette Valley. Two companies escorted survey parties, and another constructed a road in southwestern Oregon.
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Official Army Register of the Volunteer Forces of the United States Army for the Years 1861, '62, '63, '64, '65 (Part VII), Missouri, Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota, California, Kansas, Oregon, Nevada.
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The initial enlistment period for six of the seven Oregon cavalry companies and five of ten Washington infantry companies expired in the fall of 1864. As a result, Brigadier General
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Governor Gibbs appointed well known civic leaders as county recruiting officers to give prestige to the effort. The state's pro-union newspapers including
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597:, Cultural Resources Branch, Denver Service Center, National Park Service, United States Department of the Interior, Denver, Colorado, June 1984.
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full-strength companies. Three senior officers from the 1st Oregon Cavalry were promoted and placed in charge of the new infantry regiment.
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to raise a new infantry regiment and recruit backfills for the expected cavalry vacancies. Gibbs agreed, and formally asked Major General
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regiment in Washington. Both recruiting efforts were successful. The Washington infantry regiment was formed on 18 October 1861, and the
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cliff to become the first explorers to reach the lake shore. Sprague's account of the visit to "Lake Majestic" was published in the
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border. In another party, Lieutenant John M. McCall led a detachment of forty-eight men responsible for escorting State Surveyor
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The remaining companies spent a long winter in field encampments waiting for orders. In February 1866, Major General
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580:, Oregon Blue Book, Oregon State Archives, Officer of the Oregon Secretary of State, Salem, Oregon, 5 November 2008.
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Idaho. The troops built a blockhouse at Camp Wallace, but later abandoned the site in favor of winter quarters near
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regiment. At the same time, Wright asked Henry M. McGill, Washington Territory's acting Governor, to raise an
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568:, unpublished Master of Arts thesis, Department of History, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, June 1960.
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First Lieutenants - William J. Shipley; Cyrus H. Walker; Thomas H. Reynolds; Samuel F. Kerns; Henry Catley (
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legislature to provide a $ 150 enlistment bounty, which the legislators enacted before going home.
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of foot soldiers. The regiment was used to guard trade routes and escorted immigrant
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While scouting sixteen miles from Camp Wright on the Selvies River, near present-day
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and his government survey team through central Oregon as they plotted the Deschutes
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460:(Commander, Company I); and Alphonso B. Ingram (Commander, Company J)
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for service in the war's eastern theatres. This left Oregon and the
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Oregon Regiments in the Civil War Years: Duty on the Indian Frontier
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and twenty men of Company I built a section of road that linked the
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Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War - Col. Edward D. Baker Camp
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Surgeon - Horace Carpenter; Samuel Whitemore (Assistant Surgeon)
452:(Commander, Company A); Ephraim Palmer (Commander, Company B);
538:, The Oregon History Project, Oregon Historical Society, 2003.
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conflicts between pro-Union and pro-Confederate supporters.
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Historic Research Study Crater Lake National Park, Oregon
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Civil War era military outposts in the Pacific Northwest
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Lieutenant William Grant and his detachment accompanied
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57:11 November 1864 – 19 July 1867
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350:with the
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469:Adjutant
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352:John Day
342:Captain
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192:infantry
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