343:
31:
317:
rifling of this gun. The Vienna gun had 64 parallel grooves that gave a twist length of 18.2 m (L/70). In between the grooves, the lands (areas between the grooves) were 4.25 mm wide. The gun that was used by the German Navy had 36 parallel grooves and lands of 5 mm. Therefore, the gun shown in Vienna is still a 26 cm Ring Kanone L/20, but of a slightly different model.
285:(Artillery Test Commission) decided to test slower burning gunpowders for the 26 and 28 cm guns. In December 1875, the Admiralty decided that the Prismatic Gunpowder P.P. c/75 would be used. This slower burning gunpowder made it possible to increase the charge of the gun, even while the peak pressure remained lower.
333:
The 26 cm RK L/20 as put into service had a caliber of 260 mm. The barrel had a total length of 5,200 mm, length of bore was 4,420 mm, 3,250 mm of the barrel was rifled. The chamber was not rifled. At the muzzle, 36 parallel grooves were 17.66 mm wide. The grooves gave a
268:
was tested for the long 26 cm gun. In 1874 a short 26 cm barrel (No. 13) with 36 parallel grooves and a twist length of 50 calibers was tested with projectiles which had copper driving bands. However, these tests were not successful, and so in
December 1874, the Admiralty decided to go back
366:
In order to test these improvements, a long and a short 26 cm gun were adapted. In early 1876 the short 26 cm barrel No. 25 was bored up to 262.5 mm with a groove depth of 1.95 mm and got a rifled chamber. In Summer 1876 it attained positive results for accuracy. These tests were
329:
for the 26 cm RK L/20 were made. With the hardened grenade c/69 of 189.3 kg and a charge of 35 kg, the projectile attained a velocity of 436 m/s. With the long grenade c/75 of 172.5 kg and a charge of 30 kg, the projectile attained a velocity of 423 m/s. The table
313:, Krupp exhibited a 26 cm RK L/22. It is of course interesting to check whether this gun was the same as that used by the German Navy. The gun was described as: 5.2 m long, 260 mm caliber; length of bore 4,420 mm, weight 18,000 kg. These rough characteristics were the same.
370:
By 1885, there were 5 kinds of 26 cm projectiles in the German Navy: 26 cm
Granate C/75 aptirt, 26 cm Granate L/2,6, 26 cm Hartgussgranate C/69 aptirt, 26 cm Hartgussgranate L/2,5, 26 cm Stahlgranate L/2,5. All three kinds of 26 cm guns then in service with the
316:
This Vienna gun shot two projectiles: A steel grenade of 184 kg was propelled to a velocity of 450 m/s by 37.5 kg of gunpowder. A cast steel long grenade of 159 kg was fired by a charge of 30 kg of gunpowder and then reached the same velocity. The difference was in the
260:
As the weight of the long 26 cm gun was too high for specific ships, the German
Admiralty ordered a lighter 'kurze 26 cm Ring Kanone' in 1871. This 26 cm RK L/20 weighed 18,000 kg. The barrel had 36 parallel grooves which were 3.2 mm deep and had a twist length of 50
224:) for use on board ships, and for use as coastal artillery. These had the 15, 21, and 24 cm caliber in common and were about 20 calibers long. After these guns had proved themselves in extensive tests, Krupp got the order to design longer versions. These were 22 calibers long (L/22).
374:
The change of the 26 cm L/20 was certainly successful. With the later gunpowder P.P. C/82, the gun could use a charge of 57 kg. It then fired the long grenade L/2,6 of 162 kg with a velocity of 500 m/s. The steel grenade L/2,5 attained a velocity of 481 m/s.
272:
At first, the short 26 cm gun was known simply as 'kurze 26 cm Ring Kanone'. As the length of guns increased, it became part of the name of a gun. The 'kurze 26 cm Ring Kanone' thus became the '26 cm Ring Kanone L/20, abbreviated to 26 cm RK L/20.
227:
It was immediately clear that these three calibers would not be enough in the near future. Therefore, the coastal artillery would be expanded with the 28 cm caliber. For use on board ships, the heaviest caliber would be only 26 cm.
367:
successfully repeated in 1877 and so the admiralty decided to change the short 26 cm gun along these lines in Fall 1877. However, the change could not be done yet, because the guns were on board ships that were in service.
356:) and copper driving bands. This resulted in a strong increase in accuracy as well as an increase in velocity of about 10 m/s. Meanwhile, the use of shallower grooves came into play.
293:
The 26 cm RK L/20 initially had two carriages. The first was the
Rahmenlafette für eine Pforte c/75. This had a trunnion height of 1,230 mm. It allowed elevation to 11
814:
371:
navy, i.e. the 26 cm MRK L/22, the 26 cm RK L/22, and the 26 cm RK L/20, could fire all these projectiles, albeit with lighter charges for the L/20.
342:
363:
came up again. In July 1875 the
Artillery Test Commission declared that for the 26, 28, and 30.5 cm calibers, copper driving bands should be used.
257:
ships, these guns could generally be heavier (22t). In part, this explains why the first 26 cm gun was long, 5,720 mm/260 mm = L/22.
30:
206:
of certain ships. The gun came in an early variant with a 260 mm caliber. Later, these guns were adapted to 263 mm caliber.
757:"Zusammenstellung der in der Marine-Artllerie vorhandenen gezogenen und glatten Geschüssrohre in Bezug auf Bennenung un Schreibweise"
282:
809:
330:
reached to 3,000 and 4,000 m. This also ended the development of the 26 cm RK L/20. It was then put into service.
310:
819:
246:
389:
160:
203:
78:
350:
In the Summer of 1874, the
Artillery Test Commission tested a 17 cm gun with a rifled chamber (
60:
241:
The long 26 cm gun for use on board ships was designed in 1869 and was only meant for the
254:
326:
195:
170:
392:. The two ships of this class each had 8 26 cm RK L/20 placed in a central battery.
803:
215:
199:
360:
265:
261:
calibers. The overall barrel length was 5,200 mm and caliber was 260 mm.
221:
790:
780:
769:
756:
746:
733:
250:
242:
782:
Die
Entwickelung der preußischen Küsten- und Schiffs-Artillerie von 1860-1878
47:
145:
301:. It weighed 9,200 kg. Later a model C/84 was made for the gun.
220:
In the late 1860s, Krupp designed a number of Ring Kanone (a type of
734:"Das Krupp'sche Etablissement auf der Wiener Weltausstellung 1873"
341:
96:
334:
constant twist of 50 calibers length. It weighed 18,000 kg.
605:
603:
269:
to using lead for driving the projectile through the barrel.
440:
438:
425:
423:
421:
419:
406:
404:
748:
Kurzgefasstes Militär-Hand-Wörterbuch für Armee und Marine
470:
468:
455:
453:
388:
In
Germany, the 26 cm RK L/20 was used on board the
198:
guns designed in the late 1860s. The gun resembled the
774:, vol. I, Hartleben's Verlag, Wien, Pest, Leipzig
705:
594:
546:
792:
Die
Schiffs- und Küstengeschütze der deutschen Marine
740:. Schneider & Comp, Berlin. 1873. pp. 68–82.
169:
159:
144:
131:
123:
118:
110:
102:
92:
87:
71:
66:
56:
40:
21:
346:26 cm RK L/20 in the battery of SMS Kaiser, 1890
633:
621:
717:
202:, but was shorter, so it could be used in the
771:Das schwimmende Flottenmaterial der Seemächte
609:
8:
351:
359:Meanwhile, the matter of the nature of the
815:Military equipment introduced in the 1870s
693:
681:
669:
657:
645:
582:
570:
558:
534:
522:
510:
498:
486:
474:
444:
429:
410:
18:
763:. Kaiserlichen Admiralität, Berlin. 1885.
459:
400:
738:Monatshefte für Politik und Wehrmacht
338:The late 26 cm RK L/20 (263 mm)
232:The early 26 cm RK L/20 (260 mm)
7:
14:
194:was a gun from a family of Krupp
795:, Mittler und Sohn, Berlin, 1876
29:
16:1870s Krupp naval artillery gun
1:
768:Von Kronenfels, J.F. (1881),
283:Artillerie Prüfungskommission
779:Von Müller, Hermann (1879),
264:In 1873/4 the use of copper
35:The 26 cm RK L/20 model 1870
706:Marineverordnungsblatt 1885
595:Marineverordnungsblatt 1885
547:Marineverordnungsblatt 1885
836:
785:, Robert Oppenheim, Berlin
213:
718:Von Kronenfels & 1881
253:required fewer guns than
151:260.0 mm (Original)
139:
57:Place of origin
28:
311:1873 Vienna World's Fair
247:Preussen-class ironclads
165:horizontal sliding wedge
153:262.5 mm (Adapted)
761:Marineverordnungsblatt
390:Kaiser-class ironclads
352:
347:
297:and declination to 6.5
281:In 1872, the Prussian
810:Naval guns of Germany
751:, Georg Lang, Leipzig
745:Hartmann, E. (1896),
345:
634:Küstengeschütze 1876
622:Küstengeschütze 1876
325:In Spring 1875, the
171:Muzzle velocity
135:5,200 mm (L/20)
79:Imperial German Navy
181:later: 500 m/s
178:1875: 436 m/s.
610:Etablissement 1873
585:, p. 128,294.
348:
200:26 cm RK L/22
192:26 cm RK L/20
88:Production history
61:Kingdom of Prussia
188:
187:
827:
820:Krupp naval guns
796:
786:
775:
764:
752:
741:
721:
715:
709:
703:
697:
691:
685:
679:
673:
667:
661:
655:
649:
643:
637:
631:
625:
619:
613:
607:
598:
592:
586:
580:
574:
568:
562:
556:
550:
544:
538:
532:
526:
520:
514:
508:
502:
496:
490:
484:
478:
472:
463:
457:
448:
442:
433:
427:
414:
408:
355:
327:ballistic tables
305:The Vienna model
33:
24:
19:
835:
834:
830:
829:
828:
826:
825:
824:
800:
799:
789:
778:
767:
755:
744:
732:
729:
724:
716:
712:
704:
700:
694:Von Müller 1879
692:
688:
682:Von Müller 1879
680:
676:
670:Von Müller 1879
668:
664:
658:Von Müller 1879
656:
652:
646:Von Müller 1879
644:
640:
632:
628:
620:
616:
608:
601:
593:
589:
583:Von Müller 1879
581:
577:
571:Von Müller 1879
569:
565:
559:Von Müller 1879
557:
553:
545:
541:
535:Von Müller 1879
533:
529:
523:Von Müller 1879
521:
517:
511:Von Müller 1879
509:
505:
499:Von Müller 1879
497:
493:
487:Von Müller 1879
485:
481:
475:Von Müller 1879
473:
466:
458:
451:
445:Von Müller 1879
443:
436:
430:Von Müller 1879
428:
417:
411:Von Müller 1879
409:
402:
398:
386:
381:
340:
323:
321:Characteristics
307:
291:
279:
239:
234:
218:
212:
204:central battery
196:naval artillery
184:
155:
140:
83:
67:Service history
52:
36:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
833:
831:
823:
822:
817:
812:
802:
801:
798:
797:
787:
776:
765:
753:
742:
728:
725:
723:
722:
710:
698:
696:, p. 171.
686:
684:, p. 162.
674:
672:, p. 165.
662:
660:, p. 161.
650:
648:, p. 160.
638:
626:
614:
599:
587:
575:
573:, p. 152.
563:
561:, p. 150.
551:
539:
537:, p. 148.
527:
525:, p. 142.
515:
513:, p. 143.
503:
491:
479:
464:
462:, p. 952.
449:
447:, p. 155.
434:
432:, p. 288.
415:
413:, p. 289.
399:
397:
394:
385:
382:
380:
377:
339:
336:
322:
319:
306:
303:
290:
287:
278:
275:
238:
235:
233:
230:
214:Main article:
211:
208:
186:
185:
183:
182:
179:
175:
173:
167:
166:
163:
157:
156:
150:
148:
142:
141:
137:
136:
133:
129:
128:
127:18,000 kg
125:
121:
120:
119:Specifications
116:
115:
112:
108:
107:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
85:
84:
82:
81:
75:
73:
69:
68:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
51:
50:
44:
42:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
23:26 cm RK L/20
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
832:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
807:
805:
794:
793:
788:
784:
783:
777:
773:
772:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
749:
743:
739:
735:
731:
730:
726:
720:, p. 91.
719:
714:
711:
708:, p. 24.
707:
702:
699:
695:
690:
687:
683:
678:
675:
671:
666:
663:
659:
654:
651:
647:
642:
639:
636:, p. 36.
635:
630:
627:
624:, p. 19.
623:
618:
615:
612:, p. 70.
611:
606:
604:
600:
597:, p. 12.
596:
591:
588:
584:
579:
576:
572:
567:
564:
560:
555:
552:
548:
543:
540:
536:
531:
528:
524:
519:
516:
512:
507:
504:
501:, p. 98.
500:
495:
492:
489:, p. 88.
488:
483:
480:
477:, p. 86.
476:
471:
469:
465:
461:
460:Hartmann 1896
456:
454:
450:
446:
441:
439:
435:
431:
426:
424:
422:
420:
416:
412:
407:
405:
401:
395:
393:
391:
383:
378:
376:
372:
368:
364:
362:
361:driving bands
357:
354:
344:
337:
335:
331:
328:
320:
318:
314:
312:
304:
302:
300:
296:
288:
286:
284:
276:
274:
270:
267:
266:driving bands
262:
258:
256:
252:
248:
244:
236:
231:
229:
225:
223:
222:built-up guns
217:
216:26 cm RK L/22
209:
207:
205:
201:
197:
193:
180:
177:
176:
174:
172:
168:
164:
162:
158:
154:
149:
147:
143:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
98:
95:
91:
86:
80:
77:
76:
74:
70:
65:
62:
59:
55:
49:
46:
45:
43:
39:
32:
27:
20:
791:
781:
770:
760:
747:
737:
713:
701:
689:
677:
665:
653:
641:
629:
617:
590:
578:
566:
554:
549:, p. 2.
542:
530:
518:
506:
494:
482:
387:
373:
369:
365:
358:
353:Geschossraum
349:
332:
324:
315:
308:
298:
294:
292:
280:
271:
263:
259:
251:turret ships
243:turret ships
240:
226:
219:
191:
189:
152:
111:Manufacturer
72:Used by
384:German Navy
237:Development
804:Categories
727:References
289:Carriages
277:Gunpowder
255:broadside
48:Naval gun
103:Designed
93:Designer
309:At the
245:of the
210:Context
146:Caliber
161:Breech
132:Length
396:Notes
249:. As
114:Krupp
97:Krupp
190:The
124:Mass
106:1870
41:Type
379:Use
806::
759:.
736:.
602:^
467:^
452:^
437:^
418:^
403:^
299:°
295:°
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