729:
the scheme. An employee mentioned that it was difficult to balance this 20% time "amongst all the pressures to deliver new features and bug fixes."; the program introduced more deadlines for their employees. As a result, the company found that this 20% Project in fact became 1.1% of their working time. Another issue faced was the difficulty in the organisation and team-work involved in the projects. As employees would organise groups to create new software, they would struggle to work with employees who had other commitments and alternate time schedules. The company blogs have included fewer references to the 20% Project over the last decade with references that this scheme loses effect in long-term practices. The company's 'Ship It' day still highlights the prosperity of time dedicated to employee-based innovation.
279:
664:. The Bamboo team introduced Stash 1.0 in May throughout the dedicated project time. Throughout two designated 'Innovation Week' workshops, the company shipped 12 features. At the end of the experiment, surveyed developers expressed that the biggest problem they faced was scheduling time for 20% work on top of the pressure to deliver new features and fix bugs. As a result, based on the number of developers who actually participated, the time allocated was closer to "1.1% Time."
721:, he mentions that the concept has "waxed and waned." He states that workers in fact dedicate 10% of their time on personal projects, increasing focus time after the idea begins to "demonstrate impact." He mentions that "the idea of 20 per cent time is more important than the reality of it." Workers should always be driven towards individual innovation, yet it should operate "somewhat outside the lines of formal management."
606:
by Gmail's founder, Paul
Buchheit, who wanted appropriate ads to run throughout the Gmail service, but the project was pursued by Susan Wojcicki, who curated a team of developers who created the platform in their dedicated 20% time. After two years of its inception, the service was generating 15 percent of the company's revenue. The service can now offer ads in the form of simple text, flash video or rich media.
451:
338:
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36:
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The 20% Project aided in the development of AdSense, a program where publishers can produce media advertisements for a targeted audience. This service allows website publishers to generate revenue on a per-click basis. This service was publicly released on June 18, 2003. This service was envisioned
511:
stated that "innovation slows as the company grows." And as such, the scheme was introduced to re-inspire innovation. The induction of the system was a six-month trial, granting $ 1 million to engineers and allowing them to work on private projects based on personal interests. Part of this 20% time
728:
Co-Founder Mike Cannon-Brookes implemented the 20% Project as a test to see if it produced any notable improvements or detriments to the company's output. They funded a six-month trial with one million
Australian dollars. During this process, workers tackled inherent structural difficulties within
212:
encouraged the system. Within Google, this initiative became known as the "20% Project." Employees were encouraged to spend up to 20 percent of their paid work time pursuing personal projects. The objective of the program was to inspire innovation in participating employees and ultimately increase
228:
As recognition of the benefits of retaining such a scheme grew, schools have replicated this system for their students in the classroom environment. The production of such creatively stimulated, ungraded work allows for students to experiment with ideas without fear of assessment and may increase
687:
The 20% Project is designed to let employees experiment without the pressure of company decline or the threat of unemployment. For companies that thrive from the conception of services and products, innovative and entrepreneurial thought is vital to success.
420:
on his 20% time. In his project "Caribou", Buchheit used his knowledge from university software experience to create the service. The freedom to use his time in such a way allowed him to ultimately develop a fundamental Google service. Buchheit's colleague,
229:
their involvement in their general studies. Some Google employees claim that the company has discontinued 20 percent time entirely or has it reworked from its original concept. However, the company states that 20 percent time still exists.
150:
professor
Abraham Walker, as "exploitative" because of how it grants employers the intellectual property rights over the personal business ideas of their employees that the employer would never have requested to be worked on otherwise.
624:, who developed this software in his dedicated project time. The service sources from 20,000 different publishers, providing articles in 28 languages. Now, the service has many new features, including
1453:
Andrey
Gubarev; Dan Delorey; Geoffrey Michael Romer; Hossein Ahmadi; Jeff Shute; Jing Jing Long; Matt Tolton; Mosha Pasumansky; Narayanan Shivakumar; Sergey Melnik; Slava Min; Theo Vassilakis (2020).
656:
In 2008, Atlassian announced its "20% Time
Experiment", a six-month trial that was later extended to a full year. After six months of the project initiating, the company saw major improvements to
512:
is their annual "Ship It" day, where employees are challenged with a task to create any product and then ship this item within 24 hours. Workers created products that ranged from refined
620:
The news aggregator Google News is another result of the 20% Project. Google News was released in 2006, though the beta was introduced in
September 2002. The creator of this service was
192:
developed an ethos, "Innovate or die," that inspired the launch of this program. This original project had some successful outcomes; for example, during this side project time,
713:
Chris Mims mentioned that the 20% Project was "as good as dead". This is a concern as it suggests that this project is destructive over long-term periods. In Google executive
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can be negatively affected by the 20% Project. The loss of time previously spent on major company-aligned projects can negatively affect a company's overall performance.
105:
is credited for popularizing the practice that 20 percent of an employee's time may be used for side projects. At Google, this led to the development of products such as
168:. At the time of this program's implementation, the United States' workforce was composed of highly inflexible employment opportunities in rigid business structures.
759:
416:
advised that workers "spend 20% of their time working on what they think will most benefit Google". Google's email service 'Gmail' was created by the developer
91:, some employers offer a guarantee that employees may work on their personal projects during some part (usually a percentage) of their time at work.
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of their employer, and if requested, an explanation must be given as to how the project benefits the company in some way, even tangentially.
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states that it was never one. Though the program's continuity has been questioned, Google claims that it remains an active program.
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Other major companies that have at one time or another offered some or all of their employees the benefit include the
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once stated "I've got to tell you the dirty little secret of Google's 20% time. It's really 120% time."
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1014:"Google Says It Still Swears By the 20 Percent Rule to Find Big Ideas, and You Should Totally Copy It"
671:, which allows employees to pursue any project. In the past, employees have used this time to refine
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760:"Google Employees Dedicate 20 Percent of Their Time to Side Projects. Here's How It Works"
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The 20% Project is responsible for the development of many Google services. Founders
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Dremel was conceived at Google in 2006 as a "20 percent" project by Andrey
Gubarev.
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913:"Google's "20% time," which brought you Gmail and AdSense, is now as good as dead"
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1065:"Creativity loves constraints": The paradox of Google's twenty percent time
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their projects to receive approval to work on them during company time.
17:
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985:"Google's Obsession With Efficiency Has Killed Its Most Famous Perk"
789:"Apple's Tim Cook beefing up employee perks, personal project time"
724:
Atlassian can be used as an example of the detriments of 20% time.
1313:"Susan Wojcicki: The most important Googler you've never heard of"
1157:""Innovate or Die": The Surprising Origins of "Side Project Time""
218:
110:
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is limited by two stipulations: what the employee works on is the
967:"How Gmail Happened: The Inside Story of Its Launch 10 Years Ago"
143:
Side project time has been criticized by some academics, such as
1090:"How 3M Gave Everyone Days Off and Created an Innovation Dynamo"
513:
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A related initiative is
Atlassian's quarterly 24-hour "ShipIt"
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The allocation of this project time is not consistent. Former
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231:
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29:
1224:"The Tech Classroom - What is the 20% Project in Education?"
1199:"The Tech Classroom - What is the 20% Project in Education?"
1455:"Dremel: A Decade of Interactive SQL Analysis at Web Scale"
214:
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company potential. Google's 20% Project was influenced by
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were given the freedom to work on a synthetic rubber. As
1537:""24 hours of opportunity": behind the scenes of ShipIt"
551:
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132:(20 percent of employee time). Some companies, such as
507:
has been using the 20% project since 2008. Co-founder
113:
is frequently described as a 20% project, its creator
882:"How Side Project Programs Foster Creativity at Work"
1535:
Price, Dominic; Braddock, Philip (14 October 2019).
562:, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a
1285:"The truth about Google's famous '20% time' policy"
942:"The truth about Google's famous '20% time' policy"
815:"Why You Should be Giving Your Developers 20% time"
839:Bick, Julie; Mediratta, Bharat (21 October 2007).
628:, which emails "alerts" on chosen keyword topics.
1556:"Why did Google abandon 20% time for innovation?"
164:The 15% project was an initiative established by
180:was needed for the war effort and scientists at
1171:""An Owner's Manual" for Google's Shareholders"
8:
425:, utilised her time to create their product
266:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1251:"The '20% Time' Perk at Google Is No More"
582:Learn how and when to remove this message
491:Learn how and when to remove this message
396:Learn how and when to remove this message
378:Learn how and when to remove this message
320:Learn how and when to remove this message
73:Learn how and when to remove this message
1511:"Atlassian's 20% Time: A Year in Review"
1399:"Atlassian's 20% Time: A Year in Review"
1114:
1112:
1139:"A Century of Innovation: The 3M Story"
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1480:Cannon-Brookes, Mike (10 March 2008).
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543:contains content that is written like
471:Please improve this section by adding
358:Please improve this section by adding
1581:"Innovation Week – 20% time in a box"
1509:Rotenstein, John (19 February 2009).
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841:"The Google Way: Give Engineers Room"
128:(a few contiguous weeks yearly), and
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1248:Mims, Christopher (16 August 2013).
1012:Murphy, Bill Jr. (1 November 2020).
911:Mims, Christopher (16 August 2013).
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691:However, for an operating business,
437:as an individual pursuit and hobby.
1040:"BBC - Radio Labs: 10 percent time"
813:Geitz, Samantha (6 December 2016).
1283:D'Onfro, Jillian (18 April 2015).
940:D'Onfro, Jillian (18 April 2015).
787:Cheng, Jacqui (13 November 2012).
45:tone or style may not reflect the
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1482:"Atlassian's 20% Time Experiment"
1368:"Atlassian's 20% Time Experiment"
1339:"Atlassian's 20% Time Experiment"
1155:Farrel, Ashley (3 October 2023).
1038:Ferne, Tristan (8 January 2008).
247:This section has multiple issues.
225:both arose out of side projects.
172:created an existential threat to
1088:Goetz, Kaomi (1 February 2011).
758:Robinson, Adam (12 March 2018).
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55:guide to writing better articles
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302:check for citation inaccuracies
255:or discuss these issues on the
124:(10 percent of employee time),
1554:Ross, Alastair (3 June 2015).
503:Australian enterprise company
1:
983:Nisen, Max (16 August 2013).
675:Service Desk and improve the
473:secondary or tertiary sources
360:secondary or tertiary sources
1175:Alphabet Investors Relations
880:Xu, Tammy (6 October 2020).
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1633:Human resource management
1121:"The 15 Percent Solution"
208:In 2004, the founders of
27:Form of employee benefit
946:www.businessinsider.com
683:Benefits and detriments
217:'s program. At Google,
49:used on Knowledge (XXG)
1585:Work Life by Atlassian
1541:Work Life by Atlassian
1403:Work Life by Atlassian
1372:Work Life by Atlassian
1343:Work Life by Atlassian
460:relies excessively on
347:relies excessively on
53:See Knowledge (XXG)'s
679:for loading screens.
564:neutral point of view
429:. Finally, developer
204:Google implementation
97:intellectual property
1119:Kretkowski, Paul D.
1063:Walker, Abe (2011).
520:' software updates.
1587:. 10 September 2012
556:promotional content
509:Mike Cannon-Brookes
1648:Workplace programs
1643:Project management
1405:. 19 February 2009
845:The New York Times
626:Google News Alerts
558:and inappropriate
1319:. 3 February 2011
638:Dremel (software)
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1374:. 10 March 2008
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1345:. 10 March 2008
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969:. April 2014.
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