Knowledge (XXG)

Operation Change of Direction 11

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Helmer of the US army commented that "as in much of the war, Hezbollah’s dead proved as elusive as its living fighters. " Lebanese sources claimed that nine Hizbullah fighters were killed during the battles of al-Ghandouriya and Wadi Saluki. According to the Hizbullah version, seven Hizbullah fighters and their commander Rani Adnan Bazzi were killed while fighting a close-quarters battle with IDF troops in al-Ghandourriya. Another three were wounded. One wounded fighter was taken prisoner by Israeli soldiers. He woke up at Poriya hospital in Tiberias and was eventually released in the prisoner exchange in 2008. Hizbullah claimed to have lost only one fighter at Wadi al-Hujeir, and identified him as Ali Salih, a commander. Salih was severely wounded by an Israeli drone strike and died of his injuries in a hospital twenty days later. According to the official Hizbullah version of events, Salih fought singlehandedly at Wadi al-Hujeir, running between pre-positioned Kornet missile sites and firing at the Israeli tanks before finally being hit. Hizbullah claimed that all of the Israeli tanks destroyed at Wadi al-Hujeir were destroyed by Salih.
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no such actions took place. In some minor clashes six Hizbullah militants were allegedly killed by the IDF, but there was no large-scale violations of the U.N.-brokered cease-fire. Also, Israeli forces did not respond to rockets fired by Hizbullah during the night of 15 August, as none of them crossed into Northern Israel. At the time of the cease-fire more than 20 damaged Israeli tanks and armored vehicles were left stranded inside Lebanese territory and the IDF was working hard to bring them back to Israel. Due to the difficulties in removing them the army was considering bombing them from the air "so as not to allow Hizbullah terrorists to wave their flags over them after the war." After the ceasefire was signed, Israel started to withdraw from its forward positions and handed them over to the
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Paratroop commander Col. Hagai Mordechai was ordered not to proceed to the target but to abort the mission and hide at the landing zone until next nightfall. More than 200 Paratroopers had landed safely and Mordechai deemed this to be sufficient to carry out the original orders. Instead a precious 24 hours were lost. The next night the mission was again aborted, this time apparently by direct orders from the Prime Minister. Mordechai told an Israeli reporter: "I didn’t think that at this age I’d find myself hiding in the bushes," The paratroopers were never given the opportunity to carry out their assignments. The ceasefire was to take effect at 8 AM the following morning. The paratroopers instead used the darkness of the night and started withdrawing on foot to Israeli territory.
899:, situated near the wadi crossing, forcing the inhabitants to evacuate their homes. Israel usually did not attack Christian villages for no good reason and for Hizbullah it was clear that the Israeli army intended to pass this way. Several attempted Israeli incursions in the area reinforced this impression. The only question was whether it would take the form of a helicopter landing behind Hizbullah lines or an armored advance from the border. Hizbullah thus reinforced its forces in the area. It took up positions in the vacated villages and started preparing ambushes. 857: 593:, combined with helicopter landings behind enemy lines, intended to be the largest in IDF history, and simultaneous advances northwards in the central sector and along the Mediterranean coast. The plan was to follow up the offensive by several weeks of mopping-up operations in the surrounded territories, eliminating Hizbullah infrastructure, especially in the launching areas of Katyusha rockets. 97: 962:
of Direction 11 "faded away on its own", the illusions of the Israeli leadership "imploded" and its only concern was how to end the war as quickly as possible. According to a Knesset inquiry "Israel did not succeed in defeating the enemy, which is made up of only a couple of thousands." The Israeli government therefore, August 13, accepted a ceasefire in accordance with the
604:. When the ceasefire commenced the following day IDF found itself in control of 16 different pockets or sectors in South Lebanon, often isolated from each other and from Israeli territory. IDF expressed a desire to withdraw from these positions as quickly as possible, as soon as a ceasefire agreement was in place. Hizbullah remained in control of both 696:
move by five kilometers an hour and failed to reach Israeli territory before dawn. Both tanks were hit by Kornet missiles that hit the tanks in exactly the same spot, the engine grille and both were penetrated. One of the crew members were killed. Both tanks started burning and were abandoned. The tank crews hid in a ditch before being evacuated by
108: 666:) aligned to Hezbullah eventually offered some resistance. Fighting erupted outside Marj'ayoun and the nearby Shiite town of al-Khiyam. A supply convoy was hit by missiles. Israeli media reported that IDF forces began August 8, operating "in al-Khiam", from where a large number of rockets were being fired at northern Galilee. 1043:
dismissed Operation Change of Direction 11 as a "spin move": "It had no substantive security-political goal, only a spin goal. It was meant to supply the missing victory picture. You don't do that. You don't send soldiers to carry out a futile mission after the political outcome has already been set.
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General Tzur held a press conference lauding the accomplishments of the IDF in the Sulouqi crossing. Some of the present reporters questioned what exactly was gained in the battle. "Let’s take a look at it. Immediately after crossing the obstacle with considerable losses, you ordered a halt. And now,
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In the last three days of the war 34 Israeli soldiers were killed and 447 were wounded while 1 civilian was killed and 157 civilians were wounded. The main objective of the operation, the reduction of the missile attacks on Israeli north, was not accomplished. According to Israeli statistics over 400
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Operation Changing Direction 11 was meant to be "a large, broad ground operation, which would fundamentally alter reality in Southern Lebanon and the image of the operation in the military sense." After the heavy casualties in battles of Sulouqi/al-Hujeir and Bmaryamin plain landings Operation Change
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after an operation that took eight days rather than the planned 36 hours. The soldiers suffered hard from lack of food and water and dozens collapsed from dehydration and had to be evacuated. The brigade commander Maj. Nati Barak decided not to send his soldiers after Hizbullah fighters hiding in the
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did not resist the IDF occupation. The commander General Adnan Daoud invited Israeli soldiers for tea and let them inspect the base. The Israeli troops were accompanied by an Israeli TV team. The pictures of the "Marj'ayoun tea party" were broadcast on Israeli television and soon also on Hizbullah TV
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According to the plan Brig. Gen. Eyal Eisenberg’s Reserve 98th Paratrooper Division would be airlifted to the central sector, south of the Litani river, in what was envisioned as the largest airlift in IDF history. Brig. Gen. Gal Hirsch’s 91st Division would proceed north and link up with Eisenberg’s
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Israel supplied the United Nations a map of the 16 pockets and sectors the IDF was occupying in south Lebanon and expressed "its desire to withdraw its forces from all of the sectors as quickly as possible." The IDF feared that its soldiers would become "sitting ducks for guerilla actions". However,
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described the two-day stand-off as "one of the most humiliating operations in the history of the Israel Defense Forces." A two-day stand-off between an Israeli armored division and an “handful of Hezbollah fighters”. A few months after the war Brig.-Gen. Erez Zuckerman told the IDF Chief of Staff "I
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According to a survey done after the ceasefire, only 3 percent of Israelis believed that the country achieved most or all of its pre-war objectives while 58 percent believed that Israel achieved few if any objectives in the war. Only six percent of respondents said they thought the Security Council
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In spite of the ceasefire only taking effect in the morning of August 14, the IDF had stopped most offensive actions already by the night 12 August, or early morning of August 13. According to Harel and Issacharoff operation Change of Direction 11 was a "gargantuan failure" that "failed to meet its
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According to the IDF, around 80 Hizbullah fighters were killed in the battle of Wadi Saluki. The IDF claimed it lost 12 soldiers. This estimate seemed to have been based on battle damage assessments from the large number of cluster munitions the IDF used in the final days of the war. Captain Daniel
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The Bmaryamin landing was supposed to be the largest heliborne operation in the history of the IDF. After the downing of the helicopter it was apparent that the landing zone had been compromised and that Hizbullah had prepared ambushes in the area. Headquarters decided to call off further landings.
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An hour after the departure of the Israeli soldiers, four Israeli tanks drove up to the gate of the barracks and blasted the gate. The 350 Lebanese soldiers surrendered without a fight and were disarmed and taken prisoners. The Lebanese soldiers were later released and allowed to evacuate the town.
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To avoid future conflicts with the UNIFIL a compromise agreement was hammered out between Hizbullah and the Lebanese government that Hizbullah weapons south on the Litani had to be kept hidden. Lebanon's Defense Minister Elias Murr denied that the Lebanese army would disarm Hizbullah. "The army is
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in favor of Israel. Later Haaretz learned that the Israeli government had received the final version of the resolution before the final operation was launched. Ministry document shows only slight variations in resolution drafts that Olmert used to authorize ground raid. United States UN ambassador
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The division proved unable to open the route across the wadi. Early morning August 13 another tank battalion reported having crossed the wadi successfully but the sweep west was cancelled. No further offensive action was taken on this front. Four IDF infantry soldiers were killed only hours before
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One of the tank crew members later wrote about his experience. The tank company was attacking al-Khiyam at nighttime, circling it and firing into the town when one of the tanks broke down. It had to be towed by a second tank back to Israel, approximately 7 kilometers away. The two tanks could only
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General Tzur had twice sent the brigade’s engineering battalion to secure a foothold on the western bank of the wadi near the village of al-Ghandouriya, in preparation for the rapid sweep westwards towards the city of Tyre. In both cases the Israeli forces were called back for unclear reasons. In
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Friday evening the paratroop brigade under the command of Col. Hagai Mordechai was airlifted to the Bmaryamin plain outside the villages of Yatar and Kafra. For some reason the landing took place much to the south than what was originally planned. According to Harel and Issacharoff the immediate
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denied that the Security Council negotiations were affected by the events on the ground. In fact the implementation of the operation was postponed for two days in anticipation of the negotiations in the Security Council. It was finally initiated in the evening of August 11 only hours before the
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The Israeli government was initially determined to continue the fighting in spite of the Security Council resolution's call for a cease-fire by 8 AM August 14. The IDF command had asked for at least a full month of fighting to complete the mission; one week to capture the territory south of the
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The fighting in the north was formally not part of Operation Change of Direction 11 but were preparatory steps for its implementation. On the night of August 8, units belonging to the reserve brigade of the 366th Division (Pillar of Fire Formation), under the command of Brigadier General
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The division was ordered to proceed north to the Shiite village of Rashaf, occupy it and open a supply route to the area. The village was eventually occupied but the supply route was not secured. When the cease fire came into effect, the division had advanced about a mile northwards.
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objectives". Most of the divisions did not reach the sectors that were earmarked for them. Katyusha fire was not reduced. On the last day of the war more than 250 rockets were fired on Israel. On the same day Israeli TV filmed a Katyusha being fired from a village next to
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One of several ambitious targets set by Prime Minister Ehud Olmert in his speech in the Knesset on July 17, 2006 was the deployment of the Lebanese army in "all of Southern Lebanon". It was also one of the cornerstones of the resolution being finalized at the same time in
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writes that "the fact that several hundred Hizbollah fighters faced up to four Israeli divisions and the Israel Air Force, and ended the war standing up after inflicting significant damage on IDF forces, may also generate indirect results that are at best problematic."
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The entire battalion got involved in the rescue mission, after which the battalion promptly returned to Israeli territory, ignoring orders to continue the advance towards Marj'ayoun. Apparently the battalion commander’s tank was left stranded in the town with only an
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the entire South Lebanon, south of the Litani river, would then be effectively surrounded by Israeli forces. Brig. Gen. Erez Zuckerman' 366th Division was assigned to capture al-Khiyam and the adjoining areas from where rocket fire was directed at Northern Israel.
600:(IAF) helicopter was shot down and scores of Israeli tanks were damaged. The IDF never reached the Litani river and failed to surround Hizbullah forces in South Lebanon. Instead the Israeli government on August 13, accepted a ceasefire in accordance with 584:
that began on August 11, 2006, and ended three days later when the ceasefire came into effect. It involved a tripling of Israeli forces inside Lebanon and aimed at encircling Hizbullah forces in south Lebanon. The plan was to advance westwards along the
1021:, and of Security Council resolutions 1559 (2004) and 1680 (2006). Hizbullah accepted a ceasefire but did not accept to be disarmed until the last Israeli occupation soldier had left Lebanese territory. That included according to Hizbullah the 833:(CH-53 Sea Stallion) helicopter took off, after unloading its soldiers, it was hit by a missile and burst into flames and the crew of five was killed instantly. The helicopter was probably shot down with a shoulder-fired, infrared guided 691:
Another battalion commander from the same brigade was ordered into Lebanon to assist in the evacuation of the trapped units. He expressed his reservations about advancing in broad daylight and asked to be relieved of his command.
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the cease-fire on the eastern bank of Wadi al-Hujeir. They were killed by an anti-tank rocket fired at them while operating in the village of Qantara. Among those killed in the clash were Uri Grossman, the son of Israeli author
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Brigadier General Gal Hirsch’s Division 91 was ordered to move west from its positions north of Bint Jbeil towards the Mediterranean coast. "The action proved chaotic" and the operation "fell far short of the mark" by war’s end.
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there’s a cease-fire and the IDF is going to pull out of the forward positions that it captured, so what the hell did the soldiers die for?" Tzur refused to answer the question and referred it to his superiors.
826:. "Listen, Hezbollah’s in trouble," Peretz said excitedly to Olmert. "Believe me, there’s never been a flight like this in history. Everything’s going great. If it continues like this, it’ll be spectacular." 925:
type. Eleven of the tanks were hit and several went up in flames. Eight tankers, including two company commanders, and four Nahal infantry men died in the initial battle of Sulouqi. Hizbullah fighters used
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The planned westward sweep towards the coast never materialized. Guy Zur, commander of Division 162, apparently was "astonished” and told the press that Hizbullah was the "world’s best guerrilla group".
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that had been thought to have been under IDF control for several days. The Hizbullah had prepared an ambush from hidden positions on the hilltops. The tanks were attacked by missiles, probably of the
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Brigade in the vicinity of the villages of al-Ghandouriya and Furoun to the west of the wadi. The Infantry was supposed to clear the ground for the advancing tanks but somehow failed in their mission.
680:, on the other side of the valley. A column of tanks that came to its rescue were targeted by Hizbullah missiles. Several tanks took hits and seven soldiers were injured, four of them seriously. 641:
said the IDF would fight until the ceasefire was implemented. Israeli Government officials claimed that IDF operations would not stop "until the army's goals were reached, despite the passage of
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Litani, two to four weeks for mopping-up operations and another week for the exit. When the operation was finally launched IDF had only 60 hours before the ceasefire would eventually commence.
662:, 9 kilometers from the border. The Israeli forces initially did not encounter any resistance and there were no clashes inside the town. It appears that a secular leftist party (probably the 930:, small-arms fire, and mortars to suppress the Nahal Brigade, preventing them from providing effective infantry support for the armor forces. Timur Göksel, the former chief spokesperson for 2280:"اجتياح الساعات الستين» أو إنزال الغندورية: تدميـر 34 دبابـة و سقـوط50 قتيـلاً إسرائيليـاً (The 60 hours invasion or al-Ghandouriya landing: Destruction of 34 tanks and the killing of 50 )" 596:
The offensive was called off halfway due to heavy casualties and the implementation of the UN ceasefire. At least 33 Israeli officers and soldiers were killed and over 400 were wounded, an
763:(which was surrounded but still unoccupied) in the central sector. An engineering unit hid in a building in the outskirts of the village but was spotted by Hizbullah scouts and was hit by 2363: 903:
both cases the Israeli forces were attacked by anti-tank missiles but for some reason these reports never reached their superiors. Hizbullah claims to have repulsed the Israeli attacks.
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The evacuation convoy was joined by hundreds of cars with civilians, mainly Christians wanting to leave the battle zone. Although the evacuation convoy was coordinated with IDF through
1955: 815:). Yatar was described as "the headquarters of the Nasr unit's Second Territorial Subdivision." The mission was to significantly reduce the rocket fire being launched from the area. 324: 621:
forces. Brig. Gen. Guy Tzur’s 162nd Armored Division would cross the Sulouqi/Hujeir river from the east along the Litani and sweep west and link up with the other IDF forces at
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nearby village. "I have mercy on my soldiers' lives," Barak said. IDF forces managed to advance about one mile north of al-Mansouri by the time the war ended on 14 August.
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in Lebanon. Wadi as-Sulouqi originates in the area of Bint Jubeil and runs north several kilometers west of the Israel-Lebanon border until it turns west near the town of
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The Paratrooper Division began carrying out preparatory tasks on the night of 8–9 August. IDF forces occupied the Christian village of Dibil, situated to the north of
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tanks from the 401st Brigade advanced westward from the area of Tayyiba and when it entered the wadi, it was attacked from all sides, including from the rear near
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Prime Minister Ehud Olmert, however, stated that if Hizbullah did not disarm, Israel would continue with what he termed "a long, hard, arduous, complex fight."
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to back him up. The brigade commander was therefore relieved of his command after the war. The unit became known after the war as "the brigade that ran away."
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resolution was good, against 66 percent who thought it was not good. A full 38 percent said the deal was not good but Israel had no choice but to accept it.
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near the Qa'qa'iya bridge. The area was the obvious route of any Israeli attempt to cut south Lebanon off at the Litani river. Both the Israeli invasions in
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Optimism was booming in the Israeli Army Command. According to intelligence estimates Hizbullah was withdrawing. During the night Defence Minister
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The 366th Division does not seem to have resumed offensive action for the duration of the war and never completed the missions assigned to it.
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later commented that "anyone dumb enough to push a tank column through Wadi Saluki should not be an armored brigade commander but a cook."
1747: 3126: 963: 601: 560: 555: 2727: 2036: 529: 2468: 2701: 2630: 2279: 1446: 2682: 3075:. The Long War Series Occasional Paper 26, U.S. Army Combined Arms Center Combat Studies Institute Press Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. 2500: 3088: 1361: 357: 346: 219: 1651: 3047: 1294: 2778: 1863: 422: 2546: 1674: 515: 2547:"Report of the Secretary-General on the implementation of resolution 1701 (2006) (For the period 11 to 17 August 2006)" 1001:
an anonymous "highly placed" American official, Operation Changing Direction 11 significantly affected the text of the
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The Alexandroni brigade fought in the western sector. The brigade finally took up position along the coastal road near
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Division 91 was commissioned with the task of occupying the remaining Hizbullah strongholds near the border, such as
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fired from Ayta ash-Sha’b. Nine soldiers were killed and 31 wounded. None of them had even fired a single bullet.
3121: 1898: 751:. On August 17, the Lebanese army returned to the barracks of Marj’ayoun as part of the cease-fire arrangements. 740: 437: 407: 2326: 880:. The wadi is renamed Wadi al-Hujeir when it meets the western contributory and turns north before it joins the 706:
reported that Hezbullah fighters claimed to have hit and damaged up to a dozen Israeli tanks outside al-Khiyam.
723: 2360:"Not Quite Counterinsurgency, A Cautionary Tale For Us Forces Based On Israel's Operation Change Of Direction" 2569: 1514: 787: 764: 760: 609: 377: 367: 3067: 3033:, Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center at the Center for Special Studies (C.S.S), November 2006. 1488: 1055:
Following the end of the war, Hizbullah started building a new defensive line north of the Litani river.
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target was the occupation of "village of Jabel-Amal" (probably a mistranslation referring to the town of
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A total of 17 IDF soldiers died in the central and western sectors in Operation Change of Direction 11.
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St.-Sgt. Itai Steinberger (Reconnaissance company of the 401st Armored Brigade), 21, of Karmei Yosef
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A total of 17 Israeli soldiers died in the eastern sector during Operation Change of Direction 11.
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On August 10, an Israeli tank belonging to the 366th Division got stuck near the Christian town of
432: 211: 1268: 2742: 2469:"خضر زيدان: صغير العائلة صار حاميها (Khadr Zaydan: The young of the family became its protector)" 1814: 1519: 1103:
Capt. Benaya Rein, Tank Commander (46th bat. of the 401st Armored Brigade), 27, of Karnei Shomron
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St.-Sgt. Oz Zemah, Tank Commander (53rd bat. of the 188th armored brigade), 20, of Maccabim-Reut
612:, close to the border, while IDF soldiers were operating well to the north of both these towns. 2002: 1025:
occupied by Israel in the 1967 war and this position was supported by the Lebanese government.
2987: 2856:. Vol. 9, no. 3. Institute for National Security Studies (INSS) Strategic Assessment 2636: 2626: 2413: 2147: 1258: 1048: 597: 590: 362: 1094:
Sgt. Yaniv Tamerson, Tank Commander, (52nd bat. of the 401st Armored Brigade), 21, of Tzipori
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missile. Five Israeli crew members were killed, including two senior officers and Sgt.-Maj.
748: 581: 457: 392: 334: 195: 190: 64: 41: 3046:. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: Combat Studies Institute Press, US Army Combined Arms Center. 2754: 1826: 427: 134: 1977: 1840: 1007: 939: 703: 382: 153: 3017: 2827: 2003:"Prime Minister Ehud Olmert's Address to the Knesset During the Conflict in the North" 1372: 1333: 1127:
Sgt. Haran Lev (53rd bat. of the 188th armored brigade), 20, of Kibbutz Ma'ayan Barukh
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St.-Sgt. Adam Goren (46th bat. of the 401st Armored Brigade), 21, of Kibbutz Ma'abarot
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not going to the south to strip Hezbollah of weapons and do the work Israel did not."
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St.-Sgt. Uri Grossman (46th bat. of the 401st Armored Brigade), 20, of Mevaseret Zion
979: 861: 838: 790:. The Report gives no details but notes that both towns remained in Hizbullah hands. 626: 17: 2071: 1948:"Fatfat order house arrest for general videotaped having tea with Israeli officers" 1109:
Sgt. Alexander Bonimovitch (46th bat. of the 401st Armored Brigade), 19, of Netanya
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St.-Sgt. Ido Grabovsky (9th bat. of the 401st Armored Brigade), 20, of Rosh Ha'ayin
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called for the "disarmament of all armed groups" in Lebanon in accordance with the
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The day after the Israeli Cabinet finally approved the advance towards the Litani.
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St.-Sgt. Amsa (Ami) Meshulami (9th bat. of the 401st Armored Brigade), 20, of Ofra
1306: 2315:, “The tanks started to go up in flames and the soldiers abandoned them.” p. 223 1302: 1133:
Cpl. Yigal Nissan (53rd bat. of the 188th armored brigade), 19, of Ma'ale Adumim
896: 823: 819: 3038: 1796:"IDF replaced officer during fighting after he expressed doubts over operation" 3082:
The Israel Defense Forces in the Second Lebanon War: Why the Poor Performance?
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Capt. Shai Bernstein (9th bat. of the 401st Armored Brigade), 24, of Beersheva
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From the first days of the war, Israel bombed the small Christian village of
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Sgt. Dan Breuer (53rd bat. of the 188th armored brigade), 19, of Beit Hillel
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BACK TO BASICS, A Study of the Second Lebanon War and Operation CAST LEAD
2966:"Israel-Hizbullah conflict: Victims of rocket attacks and IDF casualties" 918: 906:
The battle was initiated by a large helicopter lift of infantry from the
834: 728: 171: 143: 2625:. U.S. Army Combined Arms Center, Combat Studies Institute Press. 2008. 1726:"One IDF soldier killed, at least 17 others wounded in Lebanon fighting" 1597: 1298: 998: 971: 914: 107: 2201:
There is no village named Jabal 'Amil, it is the name of the district.
1770:"Battle-tested reservists take charge after Second Lebanon War crises" 1191:
Fatalities of Hezbollah in al-Ghandouriya and Wadi al-Hujeir (partial)
2726:
Amos Harel, Avi Issacharoff and Haaretz Correspondents (2008-01-20).
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Security Council approved of the resolution calling for a ceasefire.
983: 931: 736: 673: 622: 96: 1443:"(Resistance martyrs in al-Ghandouriya) شهداء المقاومة في الغندورية" 1748:"Reservist brigade commander to leave post due to poor war conduct" 1162:
Lt.(res.) Tzur Zarhi (434th Armored Brigade), 27, of Moshav Nahalal
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Sgt.-Maj.(res.) Guy Hasson (Carmeli Brigade), 24, of Moshav Na'ama
907: 855: 808: 731:. The scandal lead to General Daoud being placed in house arrest. 677: 2728:"Bolton: Final IDF op in Lebanon had no impact on UN truce talks" 1183:
St.-Sgt.(res.) Yaniv Shainbrum (Carmeli Brigade), 24, of Mei Ami
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Maj.(res) Nissan Shalev (Helicopter pilot), 36, of Kibbutz Evron
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Lt.(res.) Eliel Ben-Yehuda (Carmeli Brigade), 24, of Kfar Tavor
986:. Israel completed the withdrawal within the start of October. 306: 2702:"Ministry disputes PM's claim of divided UN stance during war" 1186:
St.-Sgt.(res.) Elad Shlomo Ram (Carmeli Brigade), 31, of Haifa
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St.-Sgt. Tzahi Krips (Nahal Brigade), 20, of Kibbutz Hama'apil
2362:. Australian Army Journal, Volume V, Number 2. Archived from 2501:"Excerpts from Knesset panel findings on Second Lebanon War" 2376:(Article first appeared in ’’Armor’’, January–February 2007) 1257:. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: Combat Institute Studies Press. 1145:
Warr.Ofc.(res.) Ron Mashiah (Helicopter crew), 33, of Gedera
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Divining Victory: Airpower in the 2006 Israel-Hezbollah War
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News Agencies, Amos Harel and Yoav Stern (14 August 2006).
1593:"Chief of staff: We tripled our forces in southern Lebanon" 294:
1 Israeli civilian killed and 157 Israeli civilians wounded
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Security and Defense: The story of 'Changing Direction 11'
3084:. The Journal of Strategic Studies Vol. 31, No. 1, 3 – 40. 2185: 2183: 2170: 2168: 1538: 1536: 75:
IDF captures some territory but fails to seize objectives.
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We Were Caught Unprepared: The 2006 Hezbollah-Israeli War
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We were caught unprepared: the 2006 Hizbullah-Israeli War
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We Were Caught Unprepared: The 2006 Hezbollah-Israeli War
3031:"Hezbollah's use of Lebanese civilians as human shields" 3025:. Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama: Air University Press. 1168:
St.-Sgt.-Maj.(res.) Amitai Yaron, 44, of Zichron Ya'akov
2443:"Injured Hizbullah operative: Didn't hear of ceasefire" 990:
missiles were fired in the last three days of the war.
658:, advanced northward and reached the Christian town of 1675:"Fleeing Lebanese Christians See Town Forever Changed" 1121:
Sgt. Yonatan Ankonina (Golani Brigade), 21, of Netanya
2779:"IDF troops kill 5 Hezbollah gunmen in south Lebanon" 1978:"Lebanese general arrested for drinking tea with IDF" 1136:
Maj. Sami Ben-Naim (Helicopter pilot), 39, of Rehovot
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Cpl. Ya'ar Ben Giat (Nahal Brigate), 19, of Nahsholim
1295:"Some 30,000 Israeli troops in Lebanon — army radio" 1142:
Capt. Daniel Gomez (Helicopter crew), 25, of Nehalim
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Sgt.-Maj.(res.) Aharon Yehezkel, 32, of Kfar Yedidya
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The Marj'ayoun garrison of troops from the Lebanese
2108: 2106: 1794:Nir Hasson and Haaretz Correspondent (2006-08-27). 1334:"Hizbullah's resilience built on years of homework" 1115:
Sgt. Yosef Abitbol (Golani Brigade), 19, of Gan Ner
1100:
Sgt. Yohann Zerbib (Nahal Brigate), 22, of Tel Aviv
3059:34 Days: Israel, Hezbollah, and the War in Lebanon 2037:"Lebanon deploys 2,000 troops in south of country" 1515:"Wadi Saluki battle - microcosm of war's mistakes" 2988:"Name of killed soldier released: David Amar, 24" 2549:. United Nations Security Council. 18 August 2006 841:, the only female IDF soldier to die in the war. 2597:Chris Lawrence and Jim Clancy (15 August 2006). 2683:"IDF's Push into Lebanon Changed UN Resolution" 2462: 2460: 2325:Yair Ettinger and Amos Harel (22 August 2006). 1402:"Ceasefire begins; firing incidents in Lebanon" 1165:St.-Sgt.(res.) David Amar, 24, of Kiryat Shmona 34: 3037:Farquhar, Lieutenant Colonel Scott C. (2009). 2436: 2434: 2412:yaakov katz and jpost.com staff (2012-09-21). 1174:St.-Sgt. Evgeny Timofeev, 20, of Rishon Lezion 1118:Cpl. Tomer Amar (Golani Brigade), 19, of Julis 2273: 2271: 1445:. as-Safir. September 5, 2007. Archived from 318: 8: 77:End of the war and Israeli withdrawal under 2876:"A Hizbullah 'Maginot Line' on the Litani?" 1864:"Hezbollah Fighters Emerge From the Rubble" 1472: 1470: 1468: 1466: 1464: 1395: 1393: 2592: 2590: 2407: 2405: 2403: 2401: 2399: 2397: 2395: 2393: 2391: 2254:"IDF commander: Olmert ordered us to stop" 2231:"IDF commander: Olmert ordered us to stop" 1697: 1695: 1437: 1435: 1433: 1431: 1429: 1427: 1425: 1423: 1421: 1419: 325: 311: 303: 31: 2353: 2351: 2349: 2347: 1047:Military analyst and IDF reserve officer 974:, less than a kilometer from the border. 576:was the final offensive operation by the 259:1,000 in area (south of the Litani river) 2414:"9 soldiers killed in s. Lebanon Sunday" 2072:"What happened at the 'house of death'?" 1479:"Ali Saleh: Destroying the Merkava Myth" 2959: 2957: 2955: 2953: 2951: 2949: 2947: 2945: 2943: 2941: 2939: 2937: 2935: 2933: 2931: 2929: 2927: 2925: 2923: 2921: 2919: 2917: 2915: 2913: 1508: 1506: 1240: 852:The battles in the north-eastern sector 3057:Harel, Amos; Issacharoff, Avi (2008). 2911: 2909: 2907: 2905: 2903: 2901: 2899: 2897: 2895: 2893: 2767:The Final Winograd Report, p. 251, 380 2750: 2740: 1822: 1812: 1644:"IDF troops advancing to Litani River" 1621:"IDF: It'll take week to reach Litani" 1356: 1354: 2599:"Lebanon truce holds despite clashes" 2358:Captain Daniel Helmer (Winter 2008). 1332:Nicholas Blanford (August 11, 2006). 7: 3090:The final Winograd Commission report 2964:Israel Ministry of foreign affairs. 2805:"52 percent of Israelis: IDF failed" 2499:Haaretz Service (31 December 2007). 2005:. The Knesset website. July 17, 2006 1364:The final Winograd Commission report 625:. With the exception of the city of 297:Lebanese civilian casualties unknown 275:20+ vehicles damaged and immobilized 3050:from the original on April 8, 2013. 2024:UN Security Council Resolution 1701 1702:Hanan Greenberg (August 10, 2006). 1591:Greenberg, Hanan (12 August 2006). 1171:St.-Sgt. Peter Ochotzky, 23, of Lod 964:UN Security Council Resolution 1701 868:What became known in Israel as the 643:UN Security Council resolution 1701 602:UN Security Council Resolution 1701 561:UN Security Council Resolution 1701 556:UN Security Council Resolution 1680 79:UN Security Council Resolution 1701 2278:Yousuf Hajj Ali (14 August 2007). 2229:Ron Ben-Yishai (August 16, 2006). 2060:Final Winograd Report, p. 384 1887:Final Winograd Report, p. 383 1862:Anthony Shadid (August 15, 2006). 1673:Anthony Shadid (August 13, 2006). 1619:Hanan Greenber (August 11, 2006). 1400:Hanan Greenberg (14 August 2006). 743:killing of at least seven people. 25: 3016:Arkin, William M. (August 2007). 2524:The Final Winograd Report, p. 381 2385:The Final Winograd Report, p. 384 2136:The Final Winograd Report, p. 386 2100:The Final Winograd Report, p. 385 2070:JOSH BRANNON (November 1, 2006). 1152:(Helicopter crew), 26, of Rehovot 494:Israeli reserve soldiers' protest 3029:Erlich, Dr. Reuven (Col. Ret.), 2803:Ilan Marciano (14 August 2006). 2568:Nehemia Shtrasler (2006-08-18). 1305:Asia. 2006-08-13. Archived from 1059:Israel Defense Forces fatalities 574:Operation Change of Direction 11 352:Military engagements and attacks 106: 95: 3061:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 2489:The Winograd Commission, p. 370 2082:from the original on 2021-06-29 1925:"Lebanon war commander resigns" 1923:Yossi Yehoshua (June 1, 2007). 1746:Amos Harel (January 25, 2007). 1642:Katz, Yaakov (12 August 2006). 1477:Mohamed Nazzal (12 July 2012). 2441:Hagai Einav (13 August 2006). 1946:Rym Ghazal (August 18, 2006). 1724:Amos Harel (August 11, 2006). 1704:"Massive battles in Marjayoun" 1: 2854:"Breaking the Amoeba's Bones" 2700:Amos Harel, Avi Issacharoff. 2327:"Why did these soldiers die?" 2252:Ron Ben-Yishai (2006-08-16). 2124: 2112: 1899:"Their most humiliating hour" 1554: 1338:The Christian Science Monitor 1220:Ali Mahmoud Salih (commander) 676:, facing the Shi’ite town of 35:Operation Change of Direction 2670:Harel and Issacharoff (2008) 2660:Winograd report, pp. 598–610 2534:Harel and Issacharoff (2008) 2313:Harel and Issacharoff (2008) 2301:Harel and Issacharoff (2008) 2190:Harel and Issacharoff (2008) 2175:Harel and Issacharoff (2008) 2146:LARRY DERFNER (2011-11-22). 1897:Uri Bar-Yosef (2007-04-27). 1579:Harel and Issacharoff (2008) 1567:Harel and Issacharoff (2008) 1543:Harel and Issacharoff (2008) 1199:Rani Adnan Bazzi (commander) 714:have failed, and I resign." 700:'s more than an hour later. 278:9 killed (in the north only) 2669: 2533: 2467:Zaynab Yaghi (2008-07-16). 2312: 2300: 2189: 2174: 1845:"Our tank was a death trap" 1578: 1566: 1542: 1513:Katz, Yaakov (2006-08-30). 1319: 1284:. Retrieved 10 August 2009. 755:Central and Western sectors 3143: 3127:August 2006 events in Asia 3066:Matthews, Matt M. (2006). 2852:Ron Tira (November 2006). 1044:I consider that corrupt." 892:passed through this area. 246:Village mobilization units 244:Nasr Unit (Special Forces) 240:(Pillar of Fire Formation) 27:Israeli military operation 2826:Ari Shavit (2006-09-14). 2148:"Lambs to the slaughter?" 2035:Amos Harel (2006-08-18). 1768:Amos Harel (2010-05-14). 541:Allegations of war crimes 344: 292: 263: 250: 220:98th Paratrooper Division 205: 117: 88: 47: 39: 874:Battle of Wadi al-Hujeir 864:withdrawing from Lebanon 860:Israeli soldiers of the 724:Internal Security Forces 718:The Marj’ayoun tea party 649:The battles in the North 526:Photograph controversies 413:Civilian convoys attacks 148:Head of Northern Command 1366:, pp. 598–610 (Hebrew)" 1248:Matthews, Matt (2007). 1217:Hassan Abdul-Amir Mar’i 504:International incidents 472:International reactions 216:(The Galilee Formation) 194:Ali Mahmoud Salih  1039:Former chief of staff 865: 822:called Prime Minister 739:it was targeted by an 418:IDF Special Operations 403:Change of Direction 11 236:366th Armored Division 228:162nd Armored Division 212:91st Infantry Division 118:Commanders and leaders 2886:on February 18, 2013. 2828:"No way to go to war" 2570:"Three terrible days" 1320:Harel and Issacharoff 870:Battle of Wadi Saluki 859: 802:The Bmaryamin landing 578:Israel Defense Forces 264:Casualties and losses 256:30,000 inside Lebanon 232:(The Steel Formation) 139:Deputy Chief of Staff 102:Israel Defense Forces 18:2006 Litani offensive 1958:on February 18, 2013 1196:Ali Khalil al-Husein 273:1 helicopter downed, 224:(The Fire Formation) 3080:Kober, Avi (2008). 2807:. Yedioth Achronoth 2445:. Yedioth Achronoth 2256:. Yedioth Achronoth 2233:. Yedioth Achronoth 1623:. Yedioth Achronoth 1449:on October 12, 2017 1404:. Yedioth Achronoth 1225:Hezbollah prisoners 1205:Mustafa Kamal Rakin 811:in the district of 780:Winograd Commission 637:IDF Chief of Staff 536:Foreign involvement 489:Position of Lebanon 2753:has generic name ( 1927:. Yedioth Ahronoth 1843:(30 August 2006). 1825:has generic name ( 1520:The Jerusalem Post 1491:on 12 October 2013 1202:Imad Hassan Qudouh 866: 551:Ceasefire attempts 477:European reactions 55:August 11–14, 2006 2986:JPost.com Staff. 2366:on March 21, 2012 1264:978-0-16-079899-3 1211:Shadi Ahmad Abbas 778:According to the 598:Israeli Air Force 591:Galilee Panhandle 580:(IDF) during the 569: 568: 521:Prisoner exchange 358:Cross-border raid 301: 300: 288: 283: 282:(Hezbollah claim) 241: 233: 225: 217: 187: 177: 168: 159: 149: 140: 131: 84: 83: 16:(Redirected from 3134: 3122:2006 Lebanon War 3106:(Jerusalem Post) 3085: 3076: 3074: 3062: 3051: 3045: 3026: 3024: 3003: 3002: 3000: 2998: 2983: 2977: 2976: 2974: 2972: 2961: 2888: 2887: 2882:. 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Archived from 1256: 1245: 1208:Fadi Ahmad Abbas 749:Security Council 582:2006 Lebanon War 499:Humanitarian aid 339: 337: 336:2006 Lebanon War 327: 320: 313: 304: 286: 281: 271:447 IDF wounded, 239: 231: 223: 215: 200: 191:Hassan Nasrallah 185: 175: 166: 157: 147: 138: 129: 110: 100: 99: 65:Southern Lebanon 49: 48: 42:2006 Lebanon War 32: 21: 3142: 3141: 3137: 3136: 3135: 3133: 3132: 3131: 3112: 3111: 3100: 3079: 3072: 3065: 3056: 3043: 3036: 3022: 3015: 3012: 3007: 3006: 2996: 2994: 2985: 2984: 2980: 2970: 2968: 2963: 2962: 2891: 2874: 2873: 2869: 2859: 2857: 2851: 2850: 2846: 2836: 2834: 2825: 2824: 2820: 2810: 2808: 2802: 2801: 2797: 2787: 2785: 2776: 2775: 2771: 2766: 2762: 2749: 2739: 2732: 2730: 2725: 2724: 2720: 2710: 2708: 2699: 2698: 2694: 2681: 2680: 2676: 2668: 2664: 2659: 2655: 2645: 2643: 2633: 2619: 2618: 2614: 2604: 2602: 2596: 2595: 2588: 2578: 2576: 2567: 2566: 2562: 2552: 2550: 2545: 2544: 2540: 2532: 2528: 2523: 2519: 2509: 2507: 2498: 2497: 2493: 2488: 2484: 2474: 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788:Ayta ash-Sha'b 761:Ayta ash-Sha’b 756: 753: 719: 716: 704:Anthony Shadid 656:Erez Zuckerman 650: 647: 617: 614: 610:Ayta ash-Sha'b 567: 566: 564: 563: 558: 553: 548: 543: 538: 533: 523: 518: 510:Related topics 507: 506: 501: 496: 491: 486: 485: 484: 482:Qana airstrike 479: 463: 462: 455: 441: 440: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 410: 405: 400: 395: 390: 385: 380: 378:Ayta ash-Sha'b 375: 370: 365: 360: 345: 342: 341: 332: 330: 329: 322: 315: 307: 299: 298: 290: 289: 287:(IDF estimate) 276: 266: 265: 261: 260: 257: 253: 252: 248: 247: 242: 208: 207: 206:Units involved 203: 202: 188: 182:Erez Zuckerman 154:Eyal Eisenberg 130:Chief of staff 120: 119: 115: 114: 104: 91: 90: 86: 85: 82: 81: 73: 69: 68: 63: 61: 57: 56: 53: 45: 44: 37: 36: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3139: 3128: 3125: 3123: 3120: 3119: 3117: 3110: 3105: 3102: 3101: 3097: 3093: 3091: 3087: 3083: 3078: 3071: 3070: 3064: 3060: 3055: 3054: 3049: 3042: 3041: 3035: 3032: 3028: 3021: 3020: 3014: 3013: 3009: 2993: 2989: 2982: 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Index

2006 Litani offensive
2006 Lebanon War
Southern Lebanon
UN Security Council Resolution 1701
Israel
Israel Defense Forces

Hezbollah
Dan Halutz
Moshe Kaplinsky
Udi Adam
Eyal Eisenberg
Gal Hirsch
Guy Tzur
Erez Zuckerman
Hassan Nasrallah

91st Infantry Division
98th Paratrooper Division
162nd Armored Division
366th Armored Division
v
t
e
2006 Lebanon War
Timeline
Cross-border raid
Density
Maroun al-Ras
Bint Jbeil

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