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Despite public endorsements by attending leaders, most commentators looking back on the summit have argued that only limited progress was made, especially on the headline issue of currency war and addressing trade imbalances. Leaders were generally unable to agree on key issues, with commentators
1615:
September 29, 2009, retrieved 2011-04-07; excerpt, "Today, we designated the G-20 as the premier forum for our international economic cooperation. We have asked our representatives to report back at the next meeting with recommendations on how to maximize the effectiveness of our cooperation. We
1494:
The G20 raised security concerns unrelated to demonstrators protesting the presence of the leaders of 20 economies in Seoul. For example, some analysts projected that anything perceived as a success for South Korea would be simultaneously construed in
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463:, which had been invited to attend all four previous G20 summits. A Korean spokesman said that "a certain region had been over-represented" in the past; and for this Asian summit,
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Demonstrators converged on downtown Seoul in protest against the G20 leaders' summit. The labor rally took place in Seoul City Plaza near city hall — November 7, 2010
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agreed to have a G-20 Summit in Canada in June 2010, and in Korea in
November 2010. We expect to meet annually thereafter, and will meet in France in 2011.
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2373:
1611:, October 19, 2010, retrieved 2011-04-07; excerpt, "Today, we designated the G-20 as the premier forum for our international economic cooperation" citing
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In preparation, anti-terrorism drills were held by members of the South Korean police, military, special forces and private sector as part of the 2010
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led the security detail for the summit, both at the convention venue and the airport as well. Other police and security agencies involved were:
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The participants of the Seoul summit included the leaders and representatives of core members of the G20, which comprises 19 countries and the
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were going to be used as the main venue. However, delayed construction of the islands led for the main summit venue to relocate to
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exercises against simulated hostage situations and chemical, biological and radiological attacks as a preparation for the summit.
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the world economy, agreement had been reached to work on indicative guidelines which will set suggested maximum limits for
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1996:
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which it supersedes, the Seoul
Consensus is less free market–orientated, allowing a larger role for state intervention.
609:
1625:
2344:
1527:
1526:
surpluses and deficits, though these are not due to be fleshed out until 2011. G20 leaders also agreed to endorse the
1439:, South Korea was more broadly responsible for providing a safe venue for the delegations who come to the summit. The
1320:
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350:
125:
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This was the first G20 summit for
Australia's Prime Minister Gillard, who had only been elected shortly before the
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Transportation around the summit venue was upgraded with electric buses to help media and others around the city.
3765:
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Security for the G20 summit presented a unique array of problems. In addition to the security of the main venue,
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Plans for accommodating peaceful protesters were paired with plans for mitigating disruptive demonstrations.
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456:. Representatives from other countries and regional organizations were invited to take part in the summit.
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The G20 is the premier forum for discussing, planning, and monitoring international economic cooperation.
161:
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3572:
3044:
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2459:
2250:"The G20 Leaders Make an Entrance; Heads of State are Greeted by Mounties as They Arrive for the Summit"
1948:
358:
2640:
2307:
2249:
286:
The summit logo incorporated two images: the sun rising over the sea and a traditional Korean lantern (
2206:
Invitations to the G20 Seoul Summit Issued to Non-G20 Member
Countries and International Organisations
1722:
1468:
3760:
3695:
3077:
3071:
1531:
470:
This was the first summit at which there were four women among the leaders. In addition to
President
240:
1472:
A squad of riot police in front of the Korea Press Center in downtown Seoul — November 7, 2010
3655:
3587:
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1507:
noting the absence of the sense of unity that had been present at summits during the worse of the
3744:
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2003:
1955:
1933:
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510:
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2018:
1968:
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1543:
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981:
733:
635:
499:
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374:
308:
269:
179:
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3754:
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3256:
3239:
1238:
1005:
991:
938:
709:
583:
487:
479:
211:, the capital of South Korea, on November 11–12, 2010. South Korea was the first non-
204:
113:
2076:
425:
and traveled to the summit venue via motorcades along the highway from the airport.
1504:
1342:
1291:
1102:
1015:
899:
882:
875:
386:
382:
304:
258:
2254:
268:
were tasked to draft a closing statement for the summit. The debate over currency
229:
The summit leaders addressed several mid- and long-term policy issues, including
3625:
3266:
2824:
By
Christian Oliver, Chris Giles and Alan Beattie in Seoul (November 12, 2010).
2221:"PM announces participation of key leaders at the Toronto G-20 Summit this June"
2189:
Boschat, Nathalie. "ET EU Barroso: G-20 Needs To Tackle
Imbalances Decisively,"
1789:
1419:
1383:
931:
923:
460:
406:
378:
334:
330:
2577:
1756:
1626:"G-20 preparation committee adopts catchphrase 'Shared growth beyond crisis',"
1515:
said this particular summit was "more of a G20 debate than a G20 conclusion".
909:
402:
398:
370:
346:
2670:
Chris Giles, Alan
Beattie and Christian Oliver in Seoul (November 12, 2010).
2606:
Chris Giles, Alan
Beattie and Christian Oliver in Seoul (November 12, 2010).
1496:
1149:
1142:
809:
754:
747:
661:
573:
554:
547:
514:
483:
475:
464:
440:
American
President Obama and Turkish Prime Minister Erdoğan in conversation.
94:
3541:
1097:
1090:
86:
2224:
1746:"Regional Voices in Global Governance: Looking to 2010 (Part IV),"
1201:
1194:
699:
491:
338:
102:
2894:
Supplementary annex doc G20 issued for the Seoul Development Consensus
1123:
1116:
962:
955:
856:
849:
830:
823:
675:
630:
623:
604:
597:
495:
390:
342:
90:
2899:
Lead-up to the G20: Korea as Convener and Innovation Economy-Podcast
1587:
Oliver, Christian. "Seoul: S Korea looks forward to its own party,"
517:
to listen and to make his voice heard at the G20 leaders' meetings.
1644:
Il SaKong, Amar Bhattacharya, Mahani Zainal Abidin, Marcus Noland.
3103:
2332:
1475:
1467:
1257:
1175:
1168:
799:
780:
773:
723:
649:
435:
208:
178:
109:
98:
68:
2859:
2703:
Phillip Inman and Patrick Wintour in Seoul (November 12, 2010).
2370:"G-20's Poverty Reduction Agenda" (박희태 "인류 빈곤해소가 서울 G20회의 핵심 의제)
394:
3526:
List of banks acquired or bankrupted during the Great Recession
3360:
3107:
2914:
2910:
2765:"Three Reasons Global Talks Hit Dead End: Mohamed A. El-Erian"
2426:
Yonhap News Agency. November 11, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
2321:
VOV News (Vietnam). November 11, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
1723:"Seoul to Host G20 Summit on 'Floating Islands' on Han River,"
196:
79:
20:
2480:"UN chief stresses necessity of cooperation between UN, G20,"
264:
Representatives met in advance of the leaders' summit. These
236:
Framework for strong, sustainable, and balanced global growth
171:
2864:
2089:(Saudi Arabia). November 10, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
221:
The theme of the summit was "Shared Growth Beyond Crisis".
212:
2705:"G20 pledge to avoid currency war gets lukewarm reception"
2469:
Xinhua (China). November 10, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
2437:"Ethiopian PM Asks for Brisker Korea-African Cooperation,"
2168:"In Message to G-20 Leaders, Obama Aims to Calm Tensions,"
2111:(South Africa). November 10, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
1958:
Xinhua (China). November 11, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
1927:"Harper Heads to Korea to Tackle Looming Currency Crisis,"
3392:
Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
2489:
Xinhua (China). November 10, 2010; retrieved Nov 10, 2010
1804:"Will the G20 summit put women at the top of the agenda?"
1635:
Yonhap News Agency. July 20, 2010; retrieved Mar 5, 2011.
509:. This was also the first opportunity for Prime Minister
2021:
Reuters (UK). November 10, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
1971:
Reuters (UK). November 11, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
1866:(Argentina). November 10, 2010; retrieved Nov 10, 2010.
1755:
Brookings (US). March 27, 2009; retrieved Nov 10, 2010;
1646:"Shaping the G20 Agenda in Asia: The 2010 Seoul Summit,"
448:, which is represented by its two governing bodies, the
2576:
Andrew Walker and other BBC staff (November 12, 2010).
2523:"WTO's Lamy: US, Korea 'Will Get There' On Free-Trade,"
2294:(Singapore). November 10, 2010; retrieved Nov 10, 2010.
1889:(Australia). November 11, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
1602:"G20 & the November 2010 Seoul summit" (SN/EP/5028)
421:
Most world leaders and international media arrived via
3503:
National fiscal policy response to the Great Recession
2019:"Japan PM Says to Explain FX Stance to G20 if Needed,"
1969:"French President Takes Maiden Flight on 'Air Sarko',"
1712:
Reuters (UK). November 9, 2010; retrieved Nov 9, 2010.
3716:
31:
G20 Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy
2043:(Mexico). November 10, 2010; retrieved Nov 10, 2010.
3648:
3606:
3563:
3534:
3516:
3455:
3430:
3367:
3285:
3232:
3196:
3141:
3054:
2977:
2948:
2889:
focussing on the G20s role in the post-crises world
2870:
Graphic: G20 is not simply the 20 largest economies
2345:"Malawi President Arrives in Seoul For G20 Summit,"
2223:. Government of Canada. May 8, 2010. Archived from
459:The South Korean government declined to invite the
272:and imbalances was reported to have been "heated".
199:heads of government/heads of state, to discuss the
167:
157:
147:
75:
60:
52:
44:
30:
3622:(Europe, Middle East and North Africa, Asia; 2009)
2500:"Deep Fractures Damage Hopes of G20 Breakthrough,"
2460:"Global Leaders Arriving in Seoul for G20 Summit,"
2244:
2242:
1997:"SBY to Head to G-20 Summit in Seoul on Thursday,"
1986:(India). November 10, 2010; retrieved Nov 10, 2010
1939:(Canada). November 9, 2010; retrieved Nov 9, 2010.
1911:"G20 Struggles to Find Common Ground on Disputes,"
528:Host nation and leader are indicated in bold text.
413:recorded a song titled "Let's Go" for the summit.
2566:(Hong Kong). July 7, 2010; retrieved Nov 10, 2010
2406:(ROK). November 11, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
2383:(ROK). November 11, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
2134:(ROK). November 11, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
2054:"Lee Meets Medvedev in First of Many Bilaterals,"
1949:"Chinese President Leaves for G20, APEC Summits,"
1793:(ROK). September 24, 2010; retrieved Nov 10, 2010
2180:(US). November 10, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
2157:(UK). November 10, 2010; retrieved Nov 10, 2010.
2066:(ROK). November 11, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010
1916:(US). November 10, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
1735:(ROK). January 10, 2010; retrieved Nov 10, 2010.
1710:"G20 Deputies' Meeting 'heated" Spokesman Says,"
1613:"Pittsburgh G20 Leaders’ summit communiqué," ¶50
2145:"G20 Summit at Odds over Global Recovery Pact,"
3473:American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
3338:Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight
2357:(ROK). November 9, 2010; retrieved Nov 9, 2010
2122:"Lee to hold separate talks with G20 leaders,"
3119:
2926:
2550:(UK). August 18, 2010; retrieved Nov 10, 2010
2009:(Indonesia). November 11, 2010; Nov 11, 2010.
1981:"Manmohan Singh Leaves for Seoul G20 Summit,"
1560:
1558:
16:Fifth meeting of the G-20 heads of government
8:
3786:21st-century diplomatic conferences (Global)
3397:Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
2826:"Forget summit failures, look at G20 record"
2215:
2213:
1779:Five non-G20 nations invited to Seoul Summit
1658:(US) April 29, 2010; retrieved Nov 10, 2010.
1578:(ROK). July 8, 2010; retrieved Nov 10, 2010.
2031:"Calderón llega a Seúl para Cumbre de G20,"
3531:
3488:Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009
3427:
3412:Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility
3357:
3126:
3112:
3104:
2933:
2919:
2911:
2578:"G20 to tackle US-China currency concerns"
2528:November 11, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
2512:November 10, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
2449:November 11, 2010; retrieved Nov 11, 2010.
2302:
2300:
183:World leaders at the 2010 G20 Seoul summit
36:
27:
3668:Effects of the Great Recession on museums
3498:Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008
3382:China–Japan–South Korea trilateral summit
1854:"President CFK travels to Seoul for G20,"
1829:"Swan to take International Stage at G20"
1685:
1683:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
3362:Government policy and spending responses
3328:Government National Mortgage Association
2601:
2599:
2365:
2363:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1895:
519:
19:For broader coverage of this topic, see
3723:
3422:2008 United Kingdom bank rescue package
2672:"G20 fails to reach deal on imbalances"
2538:"South Korea stages anti-terror drill,"
2201:
2199:
1554:
502:, accompanied her nation's delegation.
313:COEX Convention & Exhibition Center
65:COEX Convention & Exhibition Center
2838:from the original on November 15, 2010
2805:from the original on November 15, 2010
2774:from the original on November 20, 2010
2736:"U.S. Gets Rebuffed At Divided Summit"
2715:from the original on November 15, 2010
2684:from the original on November 13, 2010
2651:from the original on November 12, 2010
2639:Gabriel Elizondo (November 11, 2010).
2620:from the original on November 14, 2010
2608:"G20 shuns US on trade and currencies"
2584:from the original on November 16, 2010
2166:Chan, Sewell and Sheryl Gay Stolberg.
1773:
1771:
215:nation to host a G20 leaders' summit.
3781:Diplomatic conferences in South Korea
3407:Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program
3377:Banking (Special Provisions) Act 2008
3298:Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
2641:"Currency 'wars' dominate G20 summit"
2262:from the original on October 13, 2012
2099:"Zuma Arrives in Seoul Ahead of G20,"
1831:. Sydney Morning Herald (Australia).
888:Saud bin Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
7:
3293:Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
2795:"G-20's Host Pushes Seoul Consensus"
2394:"G20 to Beef Up Vigilance on Banks,"
2143:Inman, Phillip and Patrick Wintour.
1566:"Seoul unveils G20 summit's symbol,"
1509:global financial crisis of 2007–2009
1463:National Emergency Management Agency
247:international financial institutions
3796:November 2010 events in South Korea
3583:Collateralized mortgage obligations
2417:"G-20 leaders start Seoul session,"
2793:Evan ramstad (November 17, 2010).
2734:Evan ramstad (November 19, 2010).
1827:O'Malley, Sandra (June 26, 2010).
1757:"core" members (G20 official site)
326:provided security for the venues.
282:2010 G20 Seoul summit preparations
14:
3678:2007–2008 world food price crisis
3478:Chinese economic stimulus program
3463:2008 European Union stimulus plan
3387:Commercial Paper Funding Facility
2561:"Seoul wary of success backlash,"
1877:"Seoul Honours Fraulein Gillard,"
1835:from the original on June 9, 2012
1304:International Labour Organization
233:Ensuring global economic recovery
3738:
3726:
3706:List of countries by public debt
3333:National Asset Management Agency
2077:"Saud Heads Kingdom’s G20 Team,"
1708:Kaiser, Emily and David Chance.
1600:Parliament (UK): Townsend, Ian.
1370:
1193:
1167:
1141:
1115:
1089:
1028:
1004:
980:
954:
922:
898:
874:
848:
822:
798:
772:
746:
722:
698:
674:
648:
622:
596:
572:
546:
324:Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency
239:Strengthening the international
3661:2008 Central Asia energy crisis
3578:Collateralized debt obligations
3468:2008–2009 Keynesian resurgence
3313:Federal Housing Finance Agency
3308:Federal Housing Administration
3062:2020 extraordinary on COVID-19
2258:. macleans.ca. June 25, 2010.
560:Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
472:Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
320:Republic of Korea Armed Forces
1:
3483:Economic Stimulus Act of 2008
3417:Troubled Asset Relief Program
3343:Office of Financial Stability
3318:Federal Housing Finance Board
3252:Société Générale trading loss
2308:"G20 to Promote Cooperation (
2282:"PM heads to Seoul for G-20,"
1453:National Intelligence Service
1448:Presidential Security Service
494:, and the president-elect of
423:Incheon International Airport
3402:Irish emergency budget, 2009
1499:as a threat to North Korea.
1458:Ministry of National Defense
1181:José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero
251:Global financial safety nets
1528:Seoul Development Consensus
1321:International Monetary Fund
1219:International organisations
241:financial regulatory system
3812:
3701:2007–2008 financial crisis
3593:Mortgage-backed securities
3204:Automotive industry crisis
2505:November 13, 2010, at the
2485:November 11, 2010, at the
2465:November 13, 2010, at the
2317:November 12, 2010, at the
2287:November 11, 2010, at the
2127:November 29, 2010, at the
2104:November 12, 2010, at the
2082:November 11, 2010, at the
2059:November 10, 2010, at the
2002:November 13, 2010, at the
1882:November 13, 2010, at the
1696:November 15, 2010, at the
1691:New agenda and initiatives
1651:September 5, 2010, at the
279:
18:
3691:
3598:Secondary mortgage market
3519:rescues, and acquisitions
3517:Government interventions,
3508:Zero interest-rate policy
3356:
3219:Housing market correction
1932:October 20, 2012, at the
1607:November 7, 2010, at the
1287:Financial Stability Forum
1256:
1254:
1224:
1217:
1076:
1069:
1026:
610:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
533:
522:
35:
3771:2010 in economic history
3616:(United States; c. 2009)
3348:UK Financial Investments
3233:Banking losses and fraud
3224:Subprime mortgage crisis
3209:California budget crisis
2865:G-20 website of the OECD
2543:August 23, 2012, at the
1816:(UK). November 10, 2010.
1518:Relating to the need to
1511:. IMF managing director
1415:World Trade Organization
760:Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
409:, and Anna, credited as
3634:(worldwide; 2011–2012)
3573:Auction rate securities
3303:Federal Home Loan Banks
2799:The Wall Street Journal
2740:The Wall Street Journal
2442:March 23, 2016, at the
2422:March 26, 2012, at the
2399:March 23, 2016, at the
2310:Đẩy mạnh hợp tác G20),"
2173:March 14, 2017, at the
1954:April 22, 2014, at the
1784:March 23, 2016, at the
1728:March 23, 2016, at the
1571:March 23, 2016, at the
333:artists, consisting of
201:global financial system
152:2010 G20 Toronto summit
3323:Federal Reserve System
3197:United States-specific
2904:June 21, 2012, at the
2860:G20 Information Centre
2376:March 5, 2012, at the
2350:June 20, 2012, at the
2150:April 4, 2017, at the
2036:July 22, 2011, at the
1859:April 7, 2014, at the
1809:April 4, 2017, at the
1762:June 18, 2010, at the
1631:July 22, 2011, at the
1513:Dominique Strauss-Kahn
1486:Ulchi-Freedom Guardian
1481:
1473:
1441:National Police Agency
1326:Dominique Strauss-Kahn
441:
295:Originally, three new
207:, which took place in
184:
162:2011 G20 Cannes summit
107:Invited organizations:
3673:Decline of newspapers
3620:2009 May Day protests
3566:and financial markets
3456:Stimulus and recovery
3009:2013 Saint Petersburg
2763:(November 17, 2010).
1887:Sydney Morning Herald
1751:June 3, 2010, at the
1479:
1471:
439:
189:2010 G20 Seoul Summit
182:
3696:European debt crisis
3588:Credit default swaps
3564:Securities involved
3370:stability and reform
2526:Wall Street Journal.
2191:Wall Street Journal.
2075:Ghazanfar Ali Khan.
2064:Korea JoongAng Daily
1591:(UK). June 25, 2010.
1532:Washington Consensus
968:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
56:November 11–12, 2010
3776:2010 in South Korea
3656:2000s energy crisis
3368:Banking and finance
3286:Government entities
2880:2010 Seoul G20 Tour
2831:The Financial Times
2761:Mohamed A. El-Erian
2677:The Financial Times
2613:The Financial Times
1875:Grattan, Michelle.
1864:Buenos Aires Herald
1042:José Manuel Barroso
1037:European Commission
454:European Commission
3638:Occupy Wall Street
3614:Tea Party protests
3272:Scott W. Rothstein
2521:Mallard, William.
2381:Asia Economy Daily
2193:November 11. 2010.
1825:O'Malley, Sandra.
1689:G20 Seoul summit,
1674:G20 Seoul summit,
1656:East-West Dialogue
1503:such as economist
1482:
1474:
1364:Secretary-General
1330:Managing Director
1244:Bingu wa Mutharika
1129:Bingu wa Mutharika
442:
297:artificial islands
254:Development issues
185:
3714:
3713:
3683:Retail apocalypse
3628:(MENA; 2010–2012)
3559:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3451:
3450:
3431:Bank stress tests
3101:
3100:
3039:2018 Buenos Aires
1428:
1427:
1424:Director-General
1389:Secretary General
1360:José Ángel Gurría
1268:Secretary General
1059:Herman Van Rompuy
892:Foreign Minister
786:Silvio Berlusconi
529:
478:, Prime Minister
177:
176:
3803:
3766:2010 conferences
3743:
3742:
3741:
3731:
3730:
3722:
3607:Social responses
3532:
3428:
3358:
3128:
3121:
3114:
3105:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2912:
2875:Official website
2848:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2821:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2810:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2731:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2720:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2636:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2603:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2589:
2573:
2567:
2557:
2551:
2535:
2529:
2519:
2513:
2510:Financial Times.
2496:
2490:
2476:
2470:
2456:
2450:
2433:
2427:
2413:
2407:
2390:
2384:
2367:
2358:
2341:
2335:
2329:
2323:
2304:
2295:
2278:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2246:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2227:on March 6, 2012
2217:
2208:
2203:
2194:
2187:
2181:
2164:
2158:
2141:
2135:
2118:
2112:
2096:
2090:
2073:
2067:
2050:
2044:
2028:
2022:
2016:
2010:
1995:Maulia, Erwida.
1993:
1987:
1978:
1972:
1965:
1959:
1946:
1940:
1923:
1917:
1907:
1890:
1873:
1867:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1823:
1817:
1800:
1794:
1775:
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1742:
1736:
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1713:
1706:
1700:
1687:
1678:
1672:
1659:
1642:
1636:
1623:
1617:
1598:
1592:
1585:
1579:
1562:
1398:World Bank Group
1375:
1374:
1198:
1197:
1172:
1171:
1146:
1145:
1120:
1119:
1094:
1093:
1054:European Council
1033:
1032:
1009:
1008:
985:
984:
959:
958:
927:
926:
903:
902:
879:
878:
853:
852:
827:
826:
803:
802:
777:
776:
751:
750:
727:
726:
703:
702:
679:
678:
653:
652:
627:
626:
601:
600:
577:
576:
551:
550:
527:
520:
450:European Council
245:Modernizing the
40:
28:
3811:
3810:
3806:
3805:
3804:
3802:
3801:
3800:
3751:
3750:
3749:
3739:
3737:
3725:
3717:
3715:
3710:
3687:
3644:
3632:Occupy movement
3602:
3565:
3551:
3530:
3518:
3512:
3447:
3426:
3369:
3363:
3352:
3281:
3228:
3192:
3137:
3135:Great Recession
3132:
3102:
3097:
3050:
2973:
2968:2009 Pittsburgh
2956:2008 Washington
2944:
2939:
2906:Wayback Machine
2856:
2851:
2841:
2839:
2823:
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2818:
2808:
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2775:
2759:
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2754:
2744:
2742:
2733:
2732:
2728:
2718:
2716:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2687:
2685:
2669:
2668:
2664:
2654:
2652:
2638:
2637:
2633:
2623:
2621:
2605:
2604:
2597:
2587:
2585:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2558:
2554:
2545:Wayback Machine
2536:
2532:
2520:
2516:
2507:Wayback Machine
2498:Beattie, Alan.
2497:
2493:
2487:Wayback Machine
2477:
2473:
2467:Wayback Machine
2457:
2453:
2444:Wayback Machine
2434:
2430:
2424:Wayback Machine
2414:
2410:
2401:Wayback Machine
2391:
2387:
2378:Wayback Machine
2368:
2361:
2352:Wayback Machine
2342:
2338:
2330:
2326:
2319:Wayback Machine
2305:
2298:
2289:Wayback Machine
2280:Chang, Rachel.
2279:
2275:
2265:
2263:
2248:
2247:
2240:
2230:
2228:
2219:
2218:
2211:
2204:
2197:
2188:
2184:
2175:Wayback Machine
2165:
2161:
2152:Wayback Machine
2142:
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2129:Wayback Machine
2119:
2115:
2106:Wayback Machine
2097:
2093:
2084:Wayback Machine
2074:
2070:
2061:Wayback Machine
2051:
2047:
2038:Wayback Machine
2029:
2025:
2017:
2013:
2004:Wayback Machine
1994:
1990:
1984:Hindustan Times
1979:
1975:
1967:Vinocur, Nick.
1966:
1962:
1956:Wayback Machine
1947:
1943:
1934:Wayback Machine
1925:Kennedy, Mark.
1924:
1920:
1914:San Diego Union
1908:
1893:
1884:Wayback Machine
1874:
1870:
1861:Wayback Machine
1852:
1848:
1838:
1836:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1811:Wayback Machine
1802:Phillips, Tom.
1801:
1797:
1786:Wayback Machine
1776:
1769:
1764:Wayback Machine
1753:Wayback Machine
1743:
1739:
1730:Wayback Machine
1721:Kang Shin-who.
1720:
1716:
1707:
1703:
1698:Wayback Machine
1688:
1681:
1673:
1662:
1653:Wayback Machine
1643:
1639:
1633:Wayback Machine
1624:
1620:
1609:Wayback Machine
1599:
1595:
1589:Financial Times
1586:
1582:
1573:Wayback Machine
1563:
1556:
1552:
1540:
1524:current account
1433:
1403:Robert Zoellick
1369:
1275:Nguyễn Tấn Dũng
1228:Represented by
1207:Nguyễn Tấn Dũng
1192:
1166:
1155:Lee Hsien Loong
1140:
1114:
1088:
1080:Represented by
1027:
1003:
988:United Kingdom
979:
953:
921:
897:
873:
862:Dmitry Medvedev
847:
836:Felipe Calderón
821:
797:
771:
745:
721:
697:
686:Nicolas Sarkozy
673:
647:
621:
595:
571:
545:
537:Represented by
526:
511:Lee Hsien Loong
434:
419:
309:Dongjak bridges
289:cheongsachorong
284:
278:
227:
105:
84:Invited states:
82:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3809:
3807:
3799:
3798:
3793:
3791:2010s in Seoul
3788:
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3649:Related topics
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3557:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3549:
3547:General Motors
3544:
3538:
3536:
3529:
3528:
3522:
3520:
3514:
3513:
3511:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3493:Green New Deal
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
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3315:
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3300:
3295:
3289:
3287:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3277:Allen Stanford
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3248:
3247:
3236:
3234:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3214:Housing bubble
3211:
3206:
3200:
3198:
3194:
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3185:
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3183:
3173:
3168:
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3052:
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3018:
3012:
3006:
3003:2012 Los Cabos
3000:
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2887:Club of Madrid
2885:Report by the
2882:
2877:
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2867:
2862:
2855:
2854:External links
2852:
2850:
2849:
2816:
2785:
2769:Bloomberg L.P.
2752:
2726:
2695:
2662:
2631:
2595:
2568:
2559:Kirk, Donald.
2552:
2530:
2514:
2491:
2478:Wang Guanqun.
2471:
2451:
2428:
2415:Lee Chi-dong
2408:
2385:
2359:
2336:
2331:2010 Chair of
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2178:New York Times
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2011:
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1909:Joshi, Vijay.
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507:Toronto summit
500:Dilma Rousseff
446:European Union
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417:Transportation
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280:Main article:
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270:exchange rates
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3260:
3258:
3257:Forex scandal
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3015:2014 Brisbane
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3021:2015 Antalya
2990:
2985:2010 Toronto
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2842:November 17,
2840:. Retrieved
2829:
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2809:November 13,
2807:. Retrieved
2798:
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2778:November 19,
2776:. Retrieved
2755:
2745:November 13,
2743:. Retrieved
2739:
2729:
2719:November 13,
2717:. Retrieved
2709:The Guardian
2708:
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2688:November 12,
2686:. Retrieved
2675:
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2655:November 12,
2653:. Retrieved
2634:
2624:November 12,
2622:. Retrieved
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2571:
2563:
2555:
2547:
2533:
2525:
2517:
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2458:Mu Xuequan.
2454:
2447:Korea Times.
2446:
2431:
2411:
2403:
2388:
2380:
2355:Arirang News
2354:
2343:Jiyun Jang.
2339:
2327:
2313:
2309:
2306:Đặng Khanh.
2291:
2276:
2264:. Retrieved
2253:
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2225:the original
2190:
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2162:
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2052:Ser Myo-ja.
2048:
2041:El Semanario
2040:
2026:
2014:
2007:Jakarta Post
2006:
1991:
1983:
1976:
1963:
1944:
1936:
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1913:
1886:
1871:
1863:
1849:
1837:. Retrieved
1821:
1813:
1798:
1788:
1777:Cho Jin-seo
1740:
1732:
1717:
1704:
1655:
1640:
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1588:
1583:
1575:
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1505:Eswar Prasad
1501:
1493:
1490:
1483:
1434:
1343:Meles Zenawi
1309:Juan Somavía
1292:Mario Draghi
1218:
1103:Meles Zenawi
1070:
1016:Barack Obama
944:
937:
930:
883:Saudi Arabia
523:
504:
469:
458:
443:
427:
420:
410:
331:South Korean
328:
317:
303:between the
294:
287:
285:
276:Preparations
263:
259:currency war
228:
220:
217:
188:
186:
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76:Participants
45:Host country
25:
3761:G20 summits
3745:South Korea
3626:Arab Spring
3535:Non-banking
3267:Tom Petters
3066:2020 Riyadh
2997:2011 Cannes
2962:2009 London
2942:G20 summits
2404:Korea Times
2109:Independent
1790:Korea Times
1733:Korea Times
1576:Korea Times
1420:Pascal Lamy
1384:Ban Ki-moon
932:South Korea
524:G20 members
461:Netherlands
411:Group of 20
329:A group of
48:South Korea
3755:Categories
3084:2023 Delhi
3045:2019 Osaka
2991:2010 Seoul
2711:. London.
2564:Asia Times
1550:References
1407:President
910:Jacob Zuma
715:Chancellor
580:Australia
432:Attendance
403:Seo In-guk
399:Son Dam-bi
3245:Tom Hayes
3142:By region
3078:2022 Bali
3072:2021 Rome
2645:Aljazeera
2266:March 26,
2255:Maclean's
2231:March 26,
2087:Arab News
1520:rebalance
1497:Pyongyang
1347:Chairman
1296:Chairman
1279:Chairman
1150:Singapore
1134:President
1064:President
1047:President
1021:President
946:President
915:President
867:President
841:President
810:Naoto Kan
765:President
755:Indonesia
691:President
667:President
662:Hu Jintao
615:President
565:President
555:Argentina
515:Singapore
484:Australia
476:Argentina
465:Singapore
301:Han River
95:Singapore
3733:Politics
3542:Chrysler
3154:Americas
3091:2024 Rio
2902:Archived
2836:Archived
2803:Archived
2772:Archived
2713:Archived
2682:Archived
2649:Archived
2618:Archived
2582:Archived
2548:BBC News
2541:Archived
2503:Archived
2483:Archived
2463:Archived
2440:Archived
2420:Archived
2397:Archived
2374:Archived
2348:Archived
2315:Archived
2285:Archived
2260:Archived
2171:Archived
2155:Guardian
2148:Archived
2125:Archived
2102:Archived
2080:Archived
2057:Archived
2034:Archived
2000:Archived
1952:Archived
1930:Archived
1880:Archived
1857:Archived
1833:Archived
1814:Guardian
1807:Archived
1782:Archived
1760:Archived
1749:Archived
1726:Archived
1694:Archived
1649:Archived
1629:Archived
1605:Archived
1569:Archived
1538:See also
1431:Security
1249:Chairman
1098:Ethiopia
706:Germany
452:and the
375:Junhyung
355:Jonghyun
351:Jaekyung
347:Changmin
203:and the
191:was the
158:Precedes
87:Ethiopia
61:Venue(s)
3719:Portals
3188:Oceania
3181:Iceland
2580:. BBC.
1202:Vietnam
682:France
534:Member
492:Germany
359:Sungmin
339:Seohyun
266:sherpas
195:of the
168:Website
148:Follows
103:Vietnam
3176:Europe
3149:Africa
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3086:(18th)
3080:(17th)
3074:(16th)
3068:(15th)
3047:(14th)
3041:(13th)
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3023:(10th)
1676:Agenda
1231:Title
1124:Malawi
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1077:State
963:Turkey
857:Russia
831:Mexico
806:Japan
730:India
631:Canada
605:Brazil
540:Title
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391:Bumkey
379:Gayoon
371:Ji Eun
343:Jun. K
335:Gyu-ri
225:Agenda
136:, UN,
120:, 3G,
91:Malawi
3055:2020s
3017:(9th)
3011:(8th)
3005:(7th)
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2993:(5th)
2987:(4th)
2978:2010s
2970:(3rd)
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1338:NEPAD
1313:Head
1258:ASEAN
1176:Spain
781:Italy
657:China
305:Banpo
209:Seoul
130:NEPAD
110:ASEAN
99:Spain
69:Seoul
3443:U.S.
3171:Asia
2844:2010
2811:2010
2780:2010
2747:2010
2721:2010
2690:2010
2657:2010
2626:2010
2590:2010
2268:2012
2233:2012
1841:2010
1437:COEX
1355:OECD
395:G.NA
367:Luna
363:Kahi
322:and
318:The
307:and
187:The
134:OECD
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513:of
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142:WTO
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126:IMF
122:ILO
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