346:
Middle East convening the conference. The United States announced after the Review
Conference that the United States, Russia, and the United Kingdom, along with the UN Secretary General, will co-sponsor the meeting and determine a country to host it and an individual to help organize it. The document also called for India, Pakistan and Israel, all holding nuclear weapons but not nonproliferation treaty members, to join the Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT). It also emphasized the need for countries to respect treaty guidelines for keeping their nuclear programs open to international inspection and suffering the consequences if they do not. With respect to international inspection the document called for the universal adoption of the
71:(the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, France, and China), who commit to pursue disarmament, and the right of other signatories to use nuclear technology for peaceful purposes, conditional upon their non-acquisition of nuclear weapons. Its ratification is nearly universal because it is adhered by 189 states, including five nuclear-weapon states, with the exception of Israel, India, and Pakistan. North Korea tested its first nuclear weapon in 2006 after announcing its withdrawal from the NPT in 2003.
236:, but said it remained "below the international community's expectations which anticipate more concrete uniform and systematic nuclear disarmament". NAM further noted that modernization of nuclear weapons arsenals constituted "non-compliance by the Nuclear Weapons States with their obligations under Article VI of the Treaty". NAM also called for the freezing of cooperation with states which were working outside of the treaty, and for the establishment of a nuclear-weapon free zone in the Middle East.
212:
funding of technical cooperation". Amano also said that "IAEA safeguards are a fundamental pillar of the nuclear non-proliferation regime" and that the Agency was working to "resolve important safeguards implementation issues in three states". Amano said the IAEA General
Conference had adopted resolutions in recent years on the establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the Middle East and Israeli nuclear capabilities, and that he would take these issues up as well.
53:, including the promoting and strengthening of safeguards; measures to advance the peaceful use of nuclear energy, safety and security; regional disarmament and non-proliferation; implementation of the 1995 resolution on the Middle East; measures to address withdrawal from the Treaty; measures to further strengthen the review process; and ways to promote engagement with civil society in strengthening NPT norms and in promoting disarmament education.
254:
223:
208:, and noted that "sixty five years later, the world still lives under the nuclear shadow". Ban-Ki Moon called for additional steps to be taken by nuclear weapon states towards nuclear disarmament, including steps for the universality of the NPT, a "framework of legal instruments that complement the NPT", and "progress towards a nuclear-weapon-free-zone in the Middle East and on other regional concerns".
373:, which is further pushing the envelope on the delegitimization of nuclear weapons in light of their humanitarian consequences. Norway and Mexico are also fulfilling this mandate for a renewed focus on the humanitarian consequences through their hosting of conferences focusing specifically on the Humanitarian Impact of Nuclear Weapons, in early 2013 and early 2014, respectively.
242:
286:
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suffer from the after-effects of radiation even today 60 years later." Fukuyama also said "that all
Parties to the Treaty must work to bridge the differences in their respective positions and find common ground for collaboration in the spirit of multilateralism, in order to pave the way for a "world without nuclear weapons" while also maintaining "atoms for peace."
248:
Ahmadinejad called for guarantees against the use of nuclear weapons, a halt to research of nuclear weapons, a halt to cooperation with states operating outside of the treaty, the establishment of a nuclear free zone in the Middle East, the dismantling of nuclear weapons in Europe, and a legally binding framework for nuclear disarmament.
357:
plans on nonproliferation, disarmament, and peaceful uses of nuclear energy. There are specific and measurable actions in the final document that states are asked to take in support of these three pillars of the NPT, which could serve as a scorecard for measuring progress and ensuring there would be accountability at future meetings.
365:
for a negotiated nuclear weapons convention failed, but the disarmament action plan included a timeline whereby the nuclear weapon states should report on their disarmament activities at the 2014 NPT Preparatory
Committee meeting. They were also encouraged to develop a standard reporting form as a confidence building measure.
368:
The outcome document also reiterates that all states have to abide by international humanitarian law at all times, while expressing concern at the "catastrophic humanitarian consequences" any nuclear weapon detonation would entail. This language gave rise, in subsequent conferences of the NPT, to the
364:
In the disarmament section, for the first time, a world free of nuclear weapons was articulated as the goal of nuclear disarmament. Acknowledged nuclear weapon states also committed themselves to continuing to work together to accelerate concrete progress on disarmament. Efforts to include a timeline
330:
The
Conference closed on 28 May and until the last minute was hard to know if it would have a positive outcome, as the risk of blocking persisted. Consensus was achieved during the afternoon that day, when the plenary was finally gathered and Ambassador Cabactulan got the approval for his proposal of
96:
The 1995 NPT Review and
Extension Conference. There were 2 objectives; (1) to review the Treaty's operation and (2) to decide on its extension. Although the review did not reach a consensus review of the Treaty's implementation, states parties adopted without a vote a package of three decisions and a
308:
On 4 May 2010 Iranian
President, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, announced Iran's agreement in principle to Brazilian mediation to revive a U.N.-brokered nuclear fuel swap deal with world powers. On 17 May, the Foreign Ministers of Brazil, Turkey issued a statement agreeing to exchange its enriched uranium for
291:
Japan State
Secretary for Foreign Affairs of Japan Tetsure Fukuyama said "the citizens of both Hiroshima and Nagasaki are watching with very keen eyes what will come out of this Conference. It was as few as two atomic bombs that claimed the lives of more than 200 thousand civilians, and left many to
356:
The document contained a recommitment of nations to the basic bargain of the NPT i.e. that "Countries with nuclear weapons will move towards disarmament, countries without nuclear weapons will not acquire them, and all countries can access peaceful nuclear energy." It also contained specific action
211:
Amano noted that "it is expected that between 10 and 25 new countries will bring their first nuclear power plants online by 2030" since it is for each sovereign State to decide whether or not to use nuclear power, and said that "more efforts are needed to achieve sufficient, assured and predictable
74:
Conferences to review the operation of the Treaty have been held at five-year intervals since the Treaty went into effect in 1970. Each conference has sought to find agreement on a final declaration that would assess the implementation of the Treaty's provisions and make recommendations on measures
345:
The final document called for a 2012 conference of all Middle
Eastern states to move forward on a 1995 proposal for a nuclear-free Mideast and for the United Nations secretary general, along with the United States, Russia and Britain, to appoint a facilitator and consult with the countries of the
360:
The nonproliferation section covered a range of issues such as: ensuring compliance, strengthening safeguards, encouraging the adoption of the
Additional Protocol, supporting the IAEA, strengthening export controls, emphasizing the need for the physical protection of nuclear materials, stopping
259:
United States U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton delivered a statement that called for NPT Parties to "focus on promoting practical solutions, not pursuing unrealistic agendas, adding that "Now is the time to build consensus, not to block it." She accused Iran of "whatever it can to divert
247:
Iran President Ahmadinejad of Iran, criticized and charged Washington with leading a skewed international system that seeks to deny peaceful nuclear power to developing nations while allowing allies such as Israel to stockpile atomic arms and put forward a proposal for nuclear disarmament.
100:
The 2000 Review Conference. States parties successfully concluded their agreement on a Final Document that assessed past performance of the treaty and on a number of key issues relating to nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament, nuclear safety and the peaceful uses of nuclear
260:
attention away from its own record and to attempt to evade accountability," and said Iran "has defied the UN Security Council and the IAEA, and placed the future of the nonproliferation regime in jeopardy." Clinton also touted the U.S. record on nuclear disarmament, citing the
97:
resolution. The decisions consisted of (1) elements for a strengthened review process for the Treaty, (2) principles and objectives for nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament, and (3) the indefinite extension of the Treaty. The resolution dealt with the Middle East.
342:, recognized the legitimate interest of non-nuclear weapon states to request nuclear weapon states to reduce operational status of their nuclear weapons. It also called to achieve total disarmament and then to maintain a world without nuclear weapons.
603:
144:
167:
83:
and implementation of the 1995 NPT resolution calling for a Middle East zone free of all weapons of mass destruction. However, with the impact of the review in 2005, Montenegro has successfully joined the treaty in 2006.
763:
906:
607:
301:
On 3 May 2010, the U.S. Defense Department released aggregate stockpile numbers for 1962–2009 which brought up to date a 1994 release by the U.S. Department of Energy. The release led the
954:
651:
2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons: Statement by H.E. Mr. Tetsuro Fukuyama, State Secretary for Foreign Affairs of Japan
361:
illicit trafficking, and preventing nuclear terrorism, etc. The nonproliferation action plan also enabled a scorecard exercise to see how well states perform on the stated actions.
232:(NAM). "While there are some positive signs in the field of nuclear disarmament, much more needs to be done to achieve complete nuclear disarmament," he said. NAM recognized the
562:
Non-Aligned Movement: Statement by Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia on behalf of the NAM States Party to the Non-proliferation of nuclear weapons Treaty
959:
587:
771:
197:, both of whom called for promoting the use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes and technical cooperation, and for greater cooperation on issues of nonproliferation and
24:
318:
969:
268:
Treaty and reductions in the U.S. nuclear weapon stockpile. She announced that the Obama Administration would seek Senate approval of the Protocols to the
75:
to further strengthen it. The treaty's last Review Conference in 2005, ended without a consensus document primarily because of disputes related to the
205:
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183:
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741:
335:
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886:
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524:"Home 2015 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) 27 April to 22 May 2015"
302:
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62:
664:
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964:
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used the opening of the conference to note that "sixty five years later, the world still lives under the nuclear shadow".
137:
317:). Soon afterwards, the UN Security Council imposed a fourth round of sanctions on Iran over its nuclear program (see
28:
471:
Address to the 2010 Review Conference of the States Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
861:
680:
U.S. Department of Energy: Declassification of Certain Characteristics of the United States Nuclear Weapon Stockpile
486:
80:
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426:, 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, 3–29 May 2010.
50:
470:
269:
679:
629:
550:
Statement to 2010 Review Conference of Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)
370:
314:
310:
76:
261:
67:
The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT), which entered into force in 1970, recognizes five countries as
512:
The 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)
402:
397:
350:
92:
NPT Review Conferences have been held every five years, beginning in 1975, and most recently in 2015.
887:
Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs on the Oslo conference and the Mexican follow-up, 11 March 2013
229:
104:
The 2005 and 2015 Review Conferences. States parties failed to reach agreement on any final document.
32:
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807:
650:
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572:
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280:, and announced a U.S. pledge of $ 50 million to launch an IAEA Peaceful Uses Initiative.
31:
in New York City from 3 to 28 May 2010. The President of the Review Conference is Ambassador
691:
Federation of American Scientists: United States Discloses Size of Nuclear Weapons Stockpile
163:
159:
45:
The Review Conference considered a number of issues, including: universality of the Treaty;
697:
668:
591:
130:
709:
441:
of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, 3–29 May 2010.
662:
U.S. Department of Defense: Increasing Transparency in the US Nuclear Weapons Stockpile
511:
423:
171:
918:
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228:
Indonesia Indonesia's Foreign Minister, R. M. Marty N. Natalegawa spoke on behalf of
194:
126:
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to estimate the United States as having 9,613 total assembled nuclear warheads.
265:
233:
118:
204:
UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon opened his speech by discussing the U.S.
158:
participating in the Review Conference. In addition to Secretary Clinton,
630:"Remarks at the Review Conference of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty"
604:"Text of President Ahmadinejad's Address to the UN NPT Review Conference"
900:
714:
523:
453:
438:
122:
113:
Three major events occurred prior to the 2010 NPT Review Conference:
454:
Day 1 at the NPT: Transparency, bluster, and practical commitments
764:"Israel rejects U.N. conference resolution on non-proliferation"
334:
The final document supported the early entry into force of the
162:
of Austria, Indonesia, and several other countries, as well as
168:
High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy
315:
Nuclear program of Iran#Tehran Nuclear Declaration, 2010
800:"189 Nations Reaffirm Goal of Ban on Nuclear Weapons"
16:
International conference at UN Headquarters, New York
908:
Nuclear Weapons After the 2010 NPT Review Conference
862:"Obama Prague Speech on Nuclear Weapons: FULL TEXT"
833:
831:
829:
827:
825:
710:"Iran accepts Brazil mediation to revive atom deal"
182:On 3 May, the conference began with speeches by UN
25:Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
552:, IAEA Director General Yukiya Amano, 3 May 2010.
140:was held on 12–13 April 2010 in Washington, D.C.
319:United Nations Security Council Resolution 1929
145:conference on disarmament and non-proliferation
955:21st-century diplomatic conferences (Security)
840:"Understanding the 2010 NPT Review Conference"
793:
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735:
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731:
729:
545:
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541:
449:
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742:"Satisfaction with the NPT RevCon's Outcome"
473:, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, 3 May 2010.
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464:
462:
419:
417:
960:Diplomatic conferences in the United States
154:President Ahmadinejad of Iran was the only
481:
479:
338:, as well as the prompt negotiation of a
49:, including specific practical measures;
487:"Fact Sheet on DPRK Nuclear Safeguards"
434:
432:
413:
632:. U.S. Department of State. 3 May 2010
585:U.S. Declares Size of Nuclear Arsenal
722:from the original on 26 January 2021.
456:, Rebecca Johnson, Acronym Institute.
336:Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
121:treaty was signed on 8 April 2010 in
7:
970:May 2010 events in the United States
905:EU Institute for Security Studies,
388:Barack Obama speech in Prague, 2009
234:new Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty
770:. CNN. 29 May 2010. Archived from
14:
303:Federation of American Scientists
798:McFarquhar, Neil (28 May 2012).
383:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
284:
252:
240:
221:
63:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
945:2010 in international relations
340:Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty
838:Deepti Choubey (3 June 2012).
147:on 17–18 April 2010 in Tehran.
1:
740:Irma Arguello (28 May 2010).
138:2010 Nuclear Security Summit
206:atomic bombing of Hiroshima
29:United Nations Headquarters
986:
950:United Nations conferences
60:
930:2010 in the United States
270:nuclear-weapon-free zones
51:nuclear non-proliferation
81:Israel's nuclear program
371:Humanitarian Initiative
311:Tehran Research Reactor
216:Statements by countries
77:nuclear program of Iran
35:of the Philippines. UN
940:Nuclear weapons policy
744:. NPSGlobal Foundation
575:, addressed conference
439:2010 Review Conference
262:Nuclear Posture Review
129:and Russian President
88:The NPT Review Process
21:2010 Review Conference
965:2010 in New York City
935:Nuclear proliferation
403:Anti-nuclear movement
398:Nuclear proliferation
79:and Egypt's focus on
69:nuclear-weapon states
230:Non-Aligned Movement
33:Libran N. Cabactulan
911:, EUISS, April 2010
866:The Huffington Post
393:Nuclear disarmament
351:Additional Protocol
47:nuclear disarmament
804:The New York Times
774:on 19 January 2013
696:9 May 2010 at the
667:6 May 2010 at the
590:7 May 2010 at the
156:head of government
125:by U.S. President
27:(NPT) was held at
278:the South Pacific
193:Director General
184:Secretary-General
160:Foreign Ministers
37:Secretary-General
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925:2010 conferences
901:Official website
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178:Discussions
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497:16 October
424:Background
409:References
57:Background
872:19 August
846:18 August
814:18 August
778:18 August
748:18 August
266:New START
119:New START
720:Archived
694:Archived
665:Archived
588:Archived
377:See also
23:for the
715:Reuters
636:6 April
326:Outcome
170:of the
109:Context
101:energy.
296:Events
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274:Africa
264:, the
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123:Prague
614:6 May
530:4 May
313:(see
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780:2012
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616:2010
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276:and
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