232:
220:
200:
248:
360:
42:
584:
that holds many other active volcanoes. However, neither volcano thought potentially responsible for the eruption had been active in the past century, with Dubbi last erupting in 1861 and Nabro remaining quiet for thousands of years. No eruption of Nabro occurred before in recorded history.
567:
is reported to have said "We have looked at the document and I would like to make it clear that it is not a national document and that we have not endorsed it, the ministry has no record of casualties, it is still too early to say how many people had been affected and needed help."
418:
Then on 30 June 2011 the
Eritrean government reported that the lava flow in Seriru had slowed to 20 metres (66 ft) per day. They also reported that in some places the flow was 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) wide and 20 metres (66 ft) high.
231:
706:
199:
219:
1063:
1009:
629:
on Sunday, 12 June 2011. By 21:37 UTC, at least 19 earthquakes of magnitude 4.5 or greater had occurred. The tremors were associated with this eruption. The initial quake registered a magnitude of 5.1
948:
1371:
839:
801:
247:
651:
earthquakes struck the region at 20:32 and 21:03 UTC, occurring at very similar depths. The latter tremors resulted in localized strong shaking, registering at VII (very strong) on the
564:
172:, which began on 12 June 2011 after a series of earthquakes. The eruption killed seven and possibly a further 31 people and is estimated to be the highest altitude injection of
423:
Note: It is still uncertain whether the information regarding the lava flow in "Seriru" refers to the main flow, as seen from the satellite images, though it seems likely.
1157:
146:
at least 7 people killed; ash deposited on at least 8 villages in
Ethiopia and Eritrea, including Mekele and Asmara; lava flow reached 1 km wide by 20 km long
914:
870:
514:
reports many community members, especially children, are sick and in desperate need of medical attention. Vomiting and retching were reported as being common effects.
1175:
1536:
1284:
1108:
1067:
188:
from the eruption reached altitudes which disrupted airline traffic in the region. Until the eruption began, the volcano had no records of historical eruptions.
1013:
370:
By 1 July 2011, eruption satellite images show a fresh ash cloud eruption, diminishing until 4 July, when the ash eruption still appears to be ongoing.
1089:
960:
900:
1375:
847:
793:
1298:
736:
432:
The eruption has ejected a large ash cloud near the
Eritrea–Ethiopia border region, extending over 1,000 km (620 mi) into neighboring
1899:
1864:
1219:
510:
were covered by volcanic ash, affecting at least 5,000 people and polluting springs and streams. One entire community has not been heard from.
1339:
1919:
1869:
552:
woredas were in need of aid (with ash affecting food and water sources), and that the casualty total had reached 31 dead in the Bidu woreda.
1742:
1934:
1909:
1879:
1529:
1399:
1122:
517:
On 21 June, an
Eritrean government statement reported seven people have been killed and three injured. It was also reported that the
1929:
1161:
878:
345:
satellite, showing that the lava flow from the 19th had not progressed significantly further, but that the eruption was ongoing.
1904:
1859:
1777:
1688:
1894:
1522:
926:
499:
By 19 June, ash had been deposited at least 60 km (37 mi) beyond the
Ethiopian border in a WNW–to–SSW direction.
322:
Between the 22 and 27 June 2011, the eruption of sulfur dioxide, water vapour, and ash was confirmed to be still active by
263:
On 12 June 2011, satellite images showed a large volcanic eruption shortly after 22.00 UTC 12 June (close to 01.00 13 June
1736:
1049:
1801:
1765:
1718:
642:
of 10 km (6.2 mi), and was succeeded by multiple lighter tremors. Hours later, two consecutive magnitude 5.7
359:
1939:
541:
493:
386:
157:
101:
70:
825:
1924:
1819:
1783:
1771:
1652:
440:
312:
emissions in the Earth's atmosphere ever detected from space. Satellite images showed a 15 km long lava flow.
133:
1884:
1874:
1789:
1611:
1605:
1557:
549:
545:
529:
503:
1442:
373:
Under a week later, on 6 July 2011, the ash cloud seems to have again stopped being produced. On 7 July 2011, SO
1914:
1889:
1837:
1831:
1825:
1795:
1694:
1682:
679:
652:
643:
630:
46:
Natural-color satellite image showing a close-up view of the volcanic plume and eruption site on 24 June 2011.
41:
1730:
1712:
1670:
1640:
1569:
1493:
1467:
684:
268:
165:
1813:
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1700:
1658:
1634:
1628:
1587:
1581:
1415:
1325:
334:
411:
By 27 June 2011, a thick emission of smoke from new lava eruptions were also reported in South
Denkalia,
1724:
1646:
1599:
1575:
1419:
367:
That same day, eruption satellite images seem to show the volcano has stopped producing the ash cloud.
1676:
1664:
1593:
349:
1215:
180:) ever observed by satellite. The Mount Pinatubo eruption 20 years earlier emitted ten times more SO
1563:
1303:
674:
581:
463:
455:
1190:
511:
1396:
602:
471:
466:
flights being cancelled; flights disruptions extended to other companies the following day.
412:
401:
390:
353:
298:
264:
775:
458:
on 14 June. Elsewhere, however, the ash cloud began disrupting air traffic on 14 June with
400:
up to 1 kilometre (0.6 mi) wide and up to 15 metres (49 ft) high had surfaced in
348:
On 30 June 2011, at least some of the people who have been evacuated are reported to be in
1403:
1136:
577:
467:
327:
949:"UPDATE 1 – Volcanic eruption in Eritrea sends plume into the air, first since 1861"
1244:
1176:"Government Taking Close Care of Nationals Affected By Earthquake And Volcanic Eruption"
309:
173:
17:
1853:
755:
522:
276:
272:
161:
55:
1109:"No accident witnessed on human or animal lives, Say displaced inhabitant of Sireru"
1353:
470:, Secretary of State for the United States, shortened her state visit to Ethiopia.
840:"Eritrea volcano eruption : Ash cloud advisory extending further into Africa"
377:
emissions were much reduced. But on 12 July 2011, the eruption was still ongoing.
560:
518:
338:
76:
639:
614:
477:
225:
False color image from 19 June 2011 showing extent of lava flow on that date.
116:
103:
447:
397:
80:
305:
images which showed an ash plume heading in west-north-westerly direction.
707:"Series of moderate earthquakes hit Eritrea – Ethiopia border region"
956:
922:
622:
594:
590:
507:
405:
280:
206:
1514:
1035:
618:
210:
169:
94:
84:
1259:
983:
586:
556:
537:
533:
481:
451:
238:
185:
1191:"Dubbi volcanic ash cloud expands westward through Northern Africa"
737:"Volcanic Eruption in Southern Red Sea Region creates new landmass"
1372:"First video from the eruption at the Eritrean side of the border"
1340:"Inhabitants of Afambo, Nebro and Sireru moved to safer locations"
433:
358:
323:
302:
408:, and destroyed vegetation for about 20 kilometres (12 mi).
1497:
1471:
598:
474:
was closed, and several airlines suspended flights to
Ethiopia.
342:
294:
287:
1518:
626:
459:
871:"Africa: Volcán Nabro erupciona lanzando cenizas hasta Sudán"
828:, NASA Earth Observatory. 13 June 2011. Accessed 13 June 2011
756:"ERITREA-ETHIOPIA: Thousands need aid after volcano eruption"
1299:"Nabro volcano eruption affects flights in Northeast Africa"
253:
Natural color satellite view of the volcano on 29 June 2011.
237:
True color image from 19 June 2011 showing area affected by
1064:"SO2, Ash Emissions From Nabro Volcano Drift Over Ethiopia"
439:
The height of the ash cloud peaked at 14,000 m, implying a
308:
On 19 June 2011, the volcano produced the highest level of
29:
Volcanic eruption in the
Southern Red Sea Region of Eritrea
1468:"Earthquake List for 10-degree Map Centered at 10°N, 45°E"
1010:"Satellite Image Shows Nabro Volcano Eruption Is Ongoing"
559:, were reported as requiring monitoring according to the
396:
On 22 June 2011, the
Eritrean government reported that a
315:
The next day, on 20 June 2011: VAAC reported that the SO
1036:"Zusammenfassung: Nabro, Puyehue, und diverse Erdbeben"
1158:"Eritrean Volcano erupts economic mayhem for Ethiopia"
1287:, Dubai Chronicle 14 June 2011. Accessed 14 June 2011
915:"VAAC: Eruption underway at Dubbi volcano in Eritrea"
597:
are among the rock types which Nabro has produced as
341:
image (below) using the
Advanced Land imager on the
1752:
1621:
1550:
142:
132:
90:
69:
61:
51:
34:
776:"A-train observations of Nabro (Eritrea) eruption"
794:"Eritrea Volcano Disrupts East Africa Air Travel"
213:showing the ash plume from Nabro on 13 June 2011.
1245:"Ash cloud from Eritrean volcano reaches Israel"
528:On 6 July, reports suggest 48,000 people in the
1260:"ענן וולקני מהר געש באריתריאה מתקדם לעבר ישראל"
1152:
1150:
617:occurred near a sparsely populated part of the
555:Another 167,153 people, in the Elidar and Kori
984:"Toulouse VAAC – Volcanic Ash Advisories"
275:, but has been confirmed to be from the Nabro
1530:
1354:"Eritrea volcano ash hits Ethiopia villagers"
271:. It was first thought to have originated at
8:
769:
767:
765:
293:Then, on 18 June 2011 (at noon, local time)
1494:"Magnitude 5.7 – Eritrea – Ethiopia Region"
1537:
1523:
1515:
1189:Duran, Jim; Warren Miller (13 June 2011).
731:
729:
727:
385:Small eruptions were also reported in the
1103:
1101:
1099:
644:
631:
565:Ethiopean Government Agriculture Ministry
446:Forecasters predicted correctly that the
241:deposition, and international boundaries.
1239:
1237:
563:government. However a spokesman for the
484:were partially covered by volcanic ash.
1416:"Map Zoom – LAT: 10 – 20; LON: 36 – 46"
1326:"Nabro: Annulation de vols en Erythrée"
663:
290:reported that the eruption had ceased.
195:
1285:"Emirates flights to Africa disrupted"
990:. Toulouse Volcano Ash Advisory Centre
750:
748:
746:
286:Five days later, on 17 June 2011, the
31:
1141:images for Afar and southern Red Sea"
787:
785:
7:
826:"Eruption at Nabro Volcano, Eritrea"
821:
819:
669:
667:
496:, Nebro, and Sireru were evacuated.
1443:"Quake swarm hits Ethiopia-Eritrea"
454:, but no flights were cancelled at
288:Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)
774:NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
502:By 20 June, eight villages in the
25:
1222:from the original on 30 June 2011
869:Gubin, Anastasia (13 June 2011).
838:Vervaeck, Armand (13 June 2011).
804:from the original on 15 June 2011
792:Heinlein, Peter (14 June 2011).
246:
230:
218:
198:
40:
576:The erupting volcano is in the
492:On 16 June, the inhabitants of
1374:. 21 June 2011. Archived from
1160:. 12 June 2011. Archived from
1066:. 23 June 2011. Archived from
1012:. 18 June 2011. Archived from
959:. 13 June 2011. Archived from
925:. 13 June 2011. Archived from
363:False color image from 24 June
35:2011 eruption of Nabro Volcano
1:
1900:Natural disasters in Ethiopia
1865:History of the Horn of Africa
1920:Volcanic eruptions in Africa
1870:21st-century volcanic events
1297:Cathy Buyck (15 June 2011).
877:(in Spanish). Archived from
525:, making the salt inedible.
1216:"Eruption at Nabro Volcano"
901:"Eruption at Nabro Volcano"
705:A, Solomon (13 June 2011).
1956:
1935:2011 disasters in Ethiopia
1910:June 2011 events in Africa
1880:History of the Afar Region
1441:Stuff, NZ (13 June 2011).
1328:(in French). 14 June 2011.
1038:(in German). 23 June 2011.
625:border, starting at 15:37
301:passed overhead providing
1402:28 September 2004 at the
519:Lake Afrera salt deposits
319:eruption was continuing.
39:
1930:2011 disasters in Africa
1123:"Nasa Lance-modis image"
1090:"Nasa Terra MODIS image"
844:Earthquake – Report
680:Global Volcanism Program
326:pictures taken from the
1266:(in Hebrew). Masa.co.il
685:Smithsonian Institution
269:Southern Red Sea Region
166:Southern Red Sea Region
1905:Earthquakes in Eritrea
1860:2011 natural disasters
364:
335:NASA Earth Observatory
18:2011 eruption of Nabro
1895:Earthquakes in Africa
1545:Earthquakes in Africa
655:near the epicenters.
613:A series of moderate
362:
279:in Eritrea, near the
1778:2005 Lake Tanganyika
1689:1969 Sharm El Sheikh
1743:1999 Aïn Témouchent
1564:1624 Fez earthquake
1304:Air Transport World
205:Satellite image of
162:Nabro stratovolcano
154:2011 Nabro eruption
113: /
1940:History of Eritrea
1737:1995 Gulf of Aqaba
582:Danakil Depression
456:Ben-Gurion Airport
365:
1925:Plinian eruptions
1847:
1846:
1195:The Weather Space
881:on 3 January 2013
711:Ethiopian Journal
512:Save the Children
333:On 24 June 2011,
150:
149:
16:(Redirected from
1947:
1885:2011 in Ethiopia
1875:2011 earthquakes
1802:2010 Beni-Ilmane
1719:1990 South Sudan
1612:1856 Middle East
1539:
1532:
1525:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1490:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1412:
1406:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1294:
1288:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1241:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1212:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1164:on 23 June 2011.
1154:
1145:
1144:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1105:
1094:
1093:
1086:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1006:
1000:
999:
997:
995:
982:VAAC, Toulouse.
979:
973:
972:
970:
968:
945:
939:
938:
936:
934:
911:
905:
904:
897:
891:
890:
888:
886:
866:
860:
859:
857:
855:
846:. Archived from
835:
829:
823:
814:
813:
811:
809:
798:Voice of America
789:
780:
779:
771:
760:
759:
752:
741:
740:
733:
722:
721:
719:
717:
702:
696:
695:
693:
691:
671:
649:
636:
580:, in the larger
472:Djibouti Airport
250:
234:
222:
202:
128:
127:
125:
124:
123:
118:
114:
111:
110:
109:
106:
44:
32:
21:
1955:
1954:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1945:
1944:
1915:VEI-4 eruptions
1890:2011 in Eritrea
1850:
1849:
1848:
1843:
1820:2015 South Kivu
1784:2006 Mozambique
1772:2004 Al Hoceima
1748:
1653:1955 Alexandria
1617:
1546:
1543:
1513:
1503:
1501:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1477:
1475:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1451:
1449:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1425:
1423:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1404:Wayback Machine
1395:
1391:
1381:
1379:
1378:on 22 June 2011
1370:
1369:
1365:
1360:. 20 June 2011.
1352:
1351:
1347:
1342:. 16 June 2011.
1338:
1337:
1333:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1309:
1307:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1283:
1279:
1269:
1267:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1247:. 14 June 2011.
1243:
1242:
1235:
1225:
1223:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1199:
1197:
1188:
1187:
1183:
1178:. 22 June 2011.
1174:
1173:
1169:
1156:
1155:
1148:
1140:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1111:. 30 June 2011.
1107:
1106:
1097:
1092:. 27 June 2011.
1088:
1087:
1083:
1073:
1071:
1070:on 27 June 2011
1062:
1061:
1057:
1052:. 20 June 2011.
1050:"Toulouse VAAC"
1048:
1047:
1043:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1019:
1017:
1016:on 19 June 2011
1008:
1007:
1003:
993:
991:
981:
980:
976:
966:
964:
963:on 18 June 2011
947:
946:
942:
932:
930:
929:on 23 July 2011
913:
912:
908:
903:. 17 June 2011.
899:
898:
894:
884:
882:
868:
867:
863:
853:
851:
850:on 14 June 2011
837:
836:
832:
824:
817:
807:
805:
791:
790:
783:
773:
772:
763:
754:
753:
744:
739:. 21 June 2011.
735:
734:
725:
715:
713:
704:
703:
699:
689:
687:
673:
672:
665:
661:
648:
635:
611:
574:
490:
468:Hillary Clinton
430:
383:
381:Other eruptions
376:
328:TERRA satellite
318:
261:
254:
251:
242:
235:
226:
223:
214:
203:
194:
183:
179:
121:
119:
117:13.36°N 41.69°E
115:
112:
107:
104:
102:
100:
99:
98:
47:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1953:
1951:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1852:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1841:
1835:
1829:
1823:
1817:
1811:
1805:
1799:
1793:
1790:2008 Lake Kivu
1787:
1781:
1775:
1769:
1766:2003 Boumerdès
1763:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1740:
1734:
1728:
1722:
1716:
1710:
1704:
1698:
1692:
1686:
1680:
1674:
1668:
1662:
1656:
1650:
1644:
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1632:
1625:
1623:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1615:
1609:
1603:
1597:
1591:
1585:
1579:
1573:
1567:
1561:
1558:1068 Near East
1554:
1552:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1534:
1527:
1519:
1512:
1511:
1500:. 12 June 2011
1485:
1474:. 18 June 2011
1459:
1433:
1422:. 18 June 2011
1407:
1389:
1363:
1345:
1331:
1317:
1289:
1277:
1258:Masa, Israel.
1250:
1233:
1207:
1181:
1167:
1146:
1138:
1128:
1125:. 4 July 2011.
1114:
1095:
1081:
1055:
1041:
1027:
1001:
974:
940:
919:Channel 6 news
906:
892:
861:
830:
815:
781:
761:
758:. 6 July 2011.
742:
723:
697:
662:
660:
657:
653:Mercalli scale
646:
633:
610:
607:
573:
570:
504:Biddu district
489:
486:
429:
426:
382:
379:
374:
337:provided this
316:
310:sulfur dioxide
299:Aqua satellite
260:
257:
256:
255:
252:
245:
243:
236:
229:
227:
224:
217:
215:
204:
197:
193:
190:
181:
177:
174:sulfur dioxide
148:
147:
144:
140:
139:
136:
130:
129:
92:
88:
87:
73:
67:
66:
63:
59:
58:
53:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1952:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1832:2017 Botswana
1830:
1827:
1826:2016 Tanzania
1824:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1695:1980 El Asnam
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1683:1969 Portugal
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1613:
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1838:2023 Morocco
1807:
1796:2009 Karonga
1753:21st century
1731:1994 Mascara
1713:1989 Chenoua
1671:1969 Tulbagh
1641:1921 Massawa
1622:20th century
1588:1761 Morocco
1570:1716 Algiers
1502:. Retrieved
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122:13.36; 41.69
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1814:2014 Orkney
1760:2002 Kalehe
1707:1989 Malawi
1701:1983 Guinea
1659:1960 Agadir
1635:1915 Asmara
1629:1913 Asmara
1582:1755 Meknes
1447:Stuff.co.nz
778:. nasa.gov.
640:focal depth
615:earthquakes
609:Earthquakes
415:and Gagun.
404:, southern
339:false-color
120: /
77:Strombolian
1854:Categories
1808:2011 Nabro
1725:1992 Cairo
1647:1954 Chlef
1600:1825 Blida
1576:1754 Cairo
1551:Historical
953:WireUpdate
690:15 January
659:References
601:flows and
267:), in the
265:local time
62:Start date
1677:1966 Toro
1665:1963 Marj
1614:(7.7–8.2)
1594:1790 Oran
448:ash plume
428:Ash cloud
398:lava flow
281:Ethiopian
186:ash cloud
81:Vulcanian
1400:Archived
1358:BBC News
1220:Archived
1137:"NASA SO
957:BNO News
923:BNO News
802:Archived
623:Ethiopia
595:rhyolite
591:trachyte
508:Ethiopia
464:Emirates
406:Denkalia
283:border.
259:Eruption
207:Ethiopia
158:eruption
97:, Africa
91:Location
1560:(≥ 7.0)
1504:12 June
1478:18 June
1452:13 June
1426:18 June
1382:22 June
1310:24 June
1270:13 June
1264:מסע אחר
1226:20 June
1200:13 June
1074:23 June
1020:18 June
994:13 June
967:13 June
933:13 June
885:13 June
854:13 June
808:15 June
716:13 June
675:"Nabro"
638:with a
619:Eritrea
572:Geology
557:woredas
488:Effects
478:Mek'ele
462:-based
393:areas.
211:Eritrea
192:Gallery
170:Eritrea
164:in the
160:of the
156:was an
108:41°41′E
105:13°22′N
95:Eritrea
85:Plinian
52:Volcano
587:Basalt
542:Elidar
538:Erebti
534:Afdera
494:Afambo
482:Asmara
452:Israel
443:of 4.
413:Husele
402:Seriru
391:Sireru
387:Afambo
354:Wadien
239:tephra
184:. The
143:Impact
1840:(6.8)
1834:(6.5)
1828:(5.9)
1822:(5.8)
1816:(5.5)
1810:(5.7)
1804:(5.3)
1798:(6.0)
1792:(5.9)
1786:(7.0)
1780:(6.8)
1774:(6.3)
1768:(6.8)
1762:(6.2)
1745:(5.6)
1739:(7.3)
1733:(5.9)
1727:(5.8)
1721:(7.1)
1715:(5.9)
1709:(6.3)
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1679:(6.8)
1673:(6.3)
1667:(5.6)
1661:(5.8)
1655:(6.3)
1649:(6.7)
1643:(6.1)
1602:(7.0)
1596:(6.0)
1590:(8.5)
1584:(7.0)
1578:(6.6)
1572:(7.0)
1566:(6.0)
434:Sudan
350:Hawra
324:MODIS
303:MODIS
75:est.
1637:(VI)
1631:(VI)
1608:(IX)
1506:2011
1498:USGS
1480:2011
1472:USGS
1454:2011
1428:2011
1420:EMSC
1384:2011
1312:2011
1272:2011
1228:2011
1202:2011
1076:2011
1022:2011
996:2011
969:2011
935:2011
887:2011
856:2011
810:2011
718:2011
692:2019
599:lava
593:and
550:Kori
548:and
546:Teru
530:Bidu
480:and
389:and
352:and
343:EO-1
295:NASA
152:The
71:Type
627:UTC
506:of
460:UAE
441:VEI
297:'s
176:(SO
168:of
134:VEI
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