Knowledge (XXG)

2012 Puerto Rican constitutional referendum

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33: 520: 2815: 1086:, also acknowledged the defeat saying that the amendments his party had proposed "weren't accepted and that people don't want to amend the Constitution". He added that there could have been some misinformation in the process. The results on the absolute bail bill means that "Puerto Rico remains the only place in the Western Hemisphere where everyone is entitled to bail regardless of the alleged crime." 1224: 1115: 793:(PIP) is campaigning against both amendments, arguing that the proposed Legislative Reform would "crush minorities" by increasing the number of votes that minority candidates would need to be elected. Several weeks before the referendum, they also argued that there was still confusion among the voters, and that electoral participation will be around 20%. 881:
page "You wouldn't amputate an arm or a leg, unless it was to save your life. The same happens with freedom. The right for bail is part of it. You shouldn't vote to have a part of you amputated. Think. If one day you're wrongly accused, you should have the right to be free while you wait to prove it"
865:
The Puerto Rico Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers (PRACDL) also expressed themselves against the amendments. In their statement, they argued that "preventive detention hasn't contributed to make Puerto Rico, or United States, a safer place for their citizens, nor does it contribute to a culture
1077:
at around 4:00. At around 6:25pm, Luis Fortuño's campaign director Angel Cintrón announced that there was a tendency against the amendments in the results so far. During a press conference, he said "It's not what we expected, it's different to our projections, and we have to accept it." However, he
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also made statements against the proposed amendments to the Constitution. The group, led by actor Luis Enrique Romero, included artists from several branches like actresses Ineabelle Colón, Amneris Morales, Magali Carrasquillo, and Anamín Santiago; folk singers José Antonio "Tony Mapeyé" Rivera and
1327:, where he conceded the defeat of the "Yes" camp. In his message, he said that "this isn't about one party or one government" and assured those that supported him that they would keep on working "outside of party lines, so that everyone can be part of the solution". On the other hand, Senator and 1031:
to withdraw the advertisement, arguing that his son's right for privacy was violated. However, the San Juan Court determined that the PNP could continue using the advertisement. Two days before the referendum, the Supreme Court ratified the decision of the Court of San Juan allowing the PNP to
1010:
said on a statement that he favored both amendments to the Constitution. He wrote that he considered the amendment on the right to bail to be an important tool on the fight against crime, and that it was "a step ahead in the control of the rising crime rate." He added that the amendment would
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signed the project for a Legislative Reform that would reduce the number of legislators. According to Fortuño, this would result in a decrease in the expenses associated with the operation of the Legislative Assembly. To achieve this, the constitution has to be amended, which would require a
894:
and Pepe SĂĄnchez; painter Pablo Marcano, and photographer FĂ©lix Guayciba. During a press conference, actress Amneris Morales called the current government "a dictatorship", while fellow actress Carrasquillo argued that "not everybody will be accused with the same severity".
968:. He said that "with the referendum already approved and in the absence of other legislative mechanisms like the ones we have proposed during this term to fight against crime, I express myself in favor of this amendment and I will vote accordingly." Former governors 862:, but rather that "7 out of 10 cases are solved". He also offered statistics from the Legal Assistance Association that showed that, out of 100 persons accused of murder during a year, only eight received the benefit of freedom while awaiting their trial. 735:(PIP) also stated that the ballot would be "troublesome to read". Ramón Jiménez, director of the referendum scrutiny, assured that the ballot was readable, but also said that voting colleges would have enlarged ballots for anyone who needed them. 720:, with two questions. Each question asked if they approved the proposed amendment, to which the voters answered in a "Yes" or "No" checkbox to each question. Each ballot also presented the proposed amendment as it would have been featured in the 290: 272: 930:, asked voters to participate of the referendum and encouraged them to vote in favor of the amendments. Also, a group of chiefs of agencies made statements in favor of the amendments. The group, led by Chief of Staff 3328: 254: 2128: 873:
posted on his website "To amend the Constitution goes beyond party ideologies. Don't let fear and frustration decide your vote. The rights we already have shouldn't be relinquished." René Pérez, from
281: 263: 1969: 1497: 2652: 2191: 1680: 2803: 1023:(PNP) published advertisements in favor of the amendments using the pictures of two young men recently accused of murder. The pictures, taken after their arrests, show both men with their 2474: 2158: 754:
because "it is a mechanism to deal with the crime situation." However, he voted against the proposed Legislative Reform saying that "quality and quantity are two different things".
739: 608:, specifically in murder cases, and others. Governor Fortuño signed the resolution on May 15, agreeing to hold the referendum for both constitutional amendments on August 19, 2012. 245: 102: 3038: 225: 199: 112: 147: 2689: 2279: 2246: 1618: 2441: 1860: 181: 2754: 2367: 1432: 551: 80: 1732: 3514: 1003:, expressed himself in favor of the amendments. He added that some guidelines could be needed to allow judges to define the issue of the dangerousness of the accused. 2136: 2335: 951: 2031: 1027:
to the camera. The advertisement reads "If you don't vote, they win". The mother of one of the men in the picture, Vilmarie Carrasquillo, presented a preliminary
2506: 1585: 2796: 644:
The first amendment applies to Article III, Sections 2, 3, 4, and 7. It proposes to reduce the members of the Legislative Assembly from 78 to 56. Specifically:
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Reaction to the proposed amendments was mixed, with several groups deciding to campaign against them answering "No" to each question. A coalition group called
2722: 2063: 1785: 3401: 1977: 1505: 708:
In those cases, the judge will have the discretion of conceding or denying bail, after evaluating if the accused represents a risk to others or to the case.
628: 240: 2571: 2214: 3436: 3426: 3391: 2538: 117: 2199: 3446: 208: 190: 1688: 738:
Prisons in Puerto Rico held the voting process for the referendum on August 17, 2012 with approximately 8,350 of 11,800 prisoners participating. Former
2604: 1999: 1896: 2649: 1090: 1074: 476: 127: 2789: 797: 341: 158: 2096: 812:, one of the main cultural institutions of the island, also wrote a statement against the amendments calling them an "attempt on people's rights". 2928: 1328: 961: 816: 416: 373: 236: 2781: 783: 1306: 1197: 3411: 3406: 3145: 421: 351: 172: 107: 3421: 3368: 3363: 3358: 964:(PPD), also expressed he would vote in favor of the amendments. His posture came as a surprise, since he voted against the resolution in the 743: 544: 122: 977: 3386: 1020: 919: 906:, said they would vote against the amendments, stating that it "simplifies a bigger problem" and that it "won't help fight against crime". 727:
The ballot format was criticized by various groups, who considered it "difficult to read", according to José Acarón, state director of the
668: 656: 486: 435: 426: 346: 2484: 2168: 1395: 995:, and HĂ©ctor Laffitte, former federal judge, expressed themselves in favor of the amendments. Also, former two-time Superintendent of the 774:
decided to campaign against both amendments and declared August 17, 2012 to be the "Day of No and No". The group is formed by new parties
3509: 3499: 3471: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3441: 3431: 3416: 2940: 1928: 1650: 779: 577: 154: 2635: 3323: 3318: 3313: 3308: 3303: 3298: 3293: 3288: 3283: 3278: 3273: 3268: 3263: 3258: 3253: 3248: 3243: 3238: 3233: 3228: 3223: 3218: 3213: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3193: 3188: 3183: 3178: 3173: 3168: 3163: 3158: 3153: 3133: 3128: 3123: 3118: 3113: 3108: 3103: 3098: 3093: 3088: 3083: 3078: 3073: 3068: 3063: 3058: 3053: 3048: 3043: 3033: 3028: 3023: 3018: 3013: 3008: 3003: 2998: 2993: 2988: 2983: 2978: 2973: 2968: 2963: 2958: 2953: 2948: 2923: 2918: 2913: 2908: 2903: 2898: 2893: 2888: 2883: 2878: 2873: 2868: 2863: 2858: 2853: 2848: 2843: 2838: 2833: 1527: 1372: 496: 57: 1552: 847:
also said they were against the amendments, despite the position of the president of the party and current gubernatorial candidate
2699: 1464: 2289: 2256: 1628: 664: 537: 439: 3348: 2451: 1870: 922:(PNP), campaigned in favor of the proposed amendments. Most of the leaders of the party support him and will campaign with him. 2764: 2377: 1347: 943: 790: 775: 732: 580:. Despite support from the party in government and part of the main opposition party, both amendments were rejected by voters. 471: 464: 356: 1949: 1817: 1442: 786:(PPT), along with groups like the Alianza Pro Libre AsociaciĂłn Soberana (ALAS), Church's Council, and the Ecumenic Coalition. 1742: 491: 267: 3353: 1839: 1011:"protect good and decent people from criminals that used their time on bail to threaten witnesses and commit more crimes." 3340: 996: 512: 398: 386: 361: 203: 2345: 3504: 3396: 992: 604:
approved a resolution that proposed another amendment to the Constitution, this time to eliminate the absolute right to
318: 185: 32: 2041: 973: 612: 2516: 2315: 1595: 1339: 721: 569: 481: 62: 46: 1332: 957: 848: 1711: 2759: 2732: 2727: 2446: 2251: 2101: 2073: 2068: 2004: 1901: 1865: 1795: 1737: 1437: 891: 828: 167: 97: 2400: 3494: 2581: 2224: 832: 134: 2548: 1343: 969: 820: 2819: 750:
voted in a BayamĂłn prison. He said to a newspaper that he voted in favor of eliminating the absolute right for
336: 311: 981: 809: 616: 194: 2614: 2009: 1906: 1765: 276: 87: 23: 2669: 1351: 747: 1057:
76% support the decrease in the number of legislators, against a 13% opposition. 11% was still undecided.
2106: 1083: 1062: 965: 927: 679:
The second amendment applies to Article II, Sections 11. It proposes to eliminate the absolute right to
649: 601: 393: 163: 1342:, groups that were against the amendments started celebrating the preliminary results. Former Governor 939: 431: 258: 1078:
added that the results weren't definitive yet since there were still more than 50% of votes to count.
1079: 923: 844: 176: 2420: 1658: 899: 855: 687: 285: 229: 92: 800:(MINH) asked people to vote against the amendments arguing that eliminating the absolute right to 985: 67: 50: 294: 1405: 903: 836: 620: 366: 1474: 1024: 976:
expressed themselves in favor of the amendments, along with other members of the party like
935: 249: 1369: 2656: 1376: 1324: 874: 524: 2694: 2674: 2609: 2576: 2543: 2511: 2479: 2425: 2372: 2340: 2320: 2284: 2163: 2036: 1954: 1844: 1790: 1770: 1716: 1623: 1590: 1400: 1320: 1042: 915: 589: 1559: 1354:
said that the defeat represented a "moral defeat" for both Fortuño and García Padilla.
1007: 840: 212: 519: 3488: 947: 931: 693: 451: 1061:
The poll, which was designed and analyzed by Kaagan Research Associates, included a
1000: 870: 568:
on 19 August 2012. Voters were asked whether they approve of two amendments to the
220: 2640:
Danica Coto (Associated Press). 19 August 2012 ABC News. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
1528:"Por cuarta ocasiĂłn, el gobierno quiere eliminar el derecho absoluto a la fianza" 757:
On August 19, 2012, 3,151 voting colleges opened at 8:00am and closed at 3:00pm.
565: 216: 1346:
celebrated the victory saying that "reason triumphed over fear and money". The
1028: 898:
The parents of Karla Michelle NegrĂłn, a 15-year-old girl that was killed by a
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expressed himself against the amendments, arguing that the problem wasn't the
805: 594: 2475:"Supremo declara no ha lugar peticiĂłn para reconsiderar retirar anuncio PNP" 2219: 1469: 1223: 1114: 827:
in which he asked people to vote "No". The former President of the Senate,
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would be reduced from 51 to 39 (33 district representatives and 6 at-large)
938:(Justice), Yanitzia Irizarry (Family), Miguel HernĂĄndez Vivoni (Housing), 878: 877:, also invited people to vote "No" to the amendments. PĂ©rez wrote on his 701:
murder while shooting a firearm from a motor vehicle or in a public place
2690:"García Padilla dice que fue un voto de "No" contra Fortuño y Pierluisi" 991:
A group of judges, including EfraĂ­n Rivera PĂ©rez, a former judge of the
2405: 1933: 2280:"Jefes de agencia exhortan a votar a favor de la enmienda a la fianza" 1046:
was published on August 12, 2012. The poll had the following results:
1619:"Convicto expresidente de la CĂĄmara voto "Si" para limitar la fianza" 1335:
blamed Fortuño and Pierluisi for the loss during a press conference.
835:, also stated their opposition to the amendments. Current candidates 717: 2247:"Rivera Schatz pide a electores que salgan a votar en el referéndum" 652:
would be reduced from 27 to 17 (11 district senators and 6 at-large)
2755:"Anibal Acevedo Vila dice que triunfo larazón, la verdad y el amor" 1861:"Hernåndez Agosto estå en contra de limitar el derecho a la fianza" 2442:"PNP podrå seguir con anuncio que tiene fotos de jóvenes acusados" 1950:"Portavoz de organización Puerto Rico Para Tod@s pide votar "No"" 1733:"Se unen varios partidos para favorecer el "No" en el referéndum" 1051: 859: 824: 801: 751: 728: 680: 624: 605: 573: 2785: 1840:"Acevedo Vilå comparte video a favor del "No" en el referéndum" 960:, current senator and gubernatorial candidate for the opposing 623:, had tried unsuccessfully to eliminate the absolute right for 2129:"Papå de Karla Michelle votarå "no" a la limitación de fianza" 1433:"Gobernador convierte en ley proyecto de Reforma Legislativa" 2336:"Grupo de populares anuncian apoyo al "Si" en el referéndum" 2032:"Ricky Martin va por el "No" en la consulta de este domingo" 1651:"Comienza jornada para referendo de enmienda constitucional" 2215:"Fortuño lidera caravana a favor del "Si" en el referéndum" 1970:"Abogados federales en contra de la limitación a la fianza" 1818:"Ateneo Puertorriqueño insta a votar "No" en el referéndum" 716:
Both proposed amendments were presented to the voters in a
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during their tenures. RossellĂł was the only one to hold a
2507:"Resultados de la encuesta dan la razón a García Padilla" 819:(PPD) campaigned against the amendments. Former Governor 1498:"Fortuño firma ley de referéndum para limitar la fianza" 2316:"Virazón de García Padilla en la consulta de la fianza" 2192:"PNP lanza segunda fase de la campaña a favor del "Si"" 1712:"Campaña masiva a favor de votar "No" en el referéndum" 576:
and the other to decrease the number of members of the
2064:"René Pérez reitera su apoyo al "No" en el referéndum" 1050:
59% support the elimination of the absolute right for
2723:"Celebran triunfo del "No" en el Colegio de Abogados" 1586:"Las papeletas del referĂ©ndum son de difĂ­cil lectura" 1681:"Frente comĂșn contra el referĂ©ndum del 19 de agosto" 1073:
The first preliminary results were announced by the
1054:, against a 27% opposition. 14% was still undecided. 772:
Frente Amplio de Puerto Rico: Mesa Amplia de DiĂĄlogo
3379: 3339: 3144: 2939: 2826: 2570:Resto, Mara and Gerardo Cordero (August 19, 2012). 2159:"Padres de Karla Michelle en contra del referendum" 1065:of 1,000 people and could produce an error of ±3%. 2539:"CĂłmo se llevĂł a cabo la encuesta de El Nuevo DĂ­a" 731:. Roberto Aponte, electoral commissioner for the 631:in 1994, but people voted against the amendment. 1786:"Ignorancia ciudadana vencerĂ­a en el referĂ©ndum" 2637:Puerto Ricans Reject Constitutional Amendments. 882:and added "Limit the weapons, not our rights." 698:murder during a kidnapping or sexual aggression 2572:"CEE emite primeros resultados del referĂ©ndum" 1929:"Cox Alomar se va en contra de GarcĂ­a Padilla" 1895:DĂ­az, Maritza and Nydia BauzĂĄ (May 16, 2012). 1890: 1888: 1427: 1425: 1423: 2797: 2309: 2307: 2000:"Ricky Martin apoya el "No" en el referĂ©ndum" 683:, specifically in cases of those accused of: 545: 8: 2605:"Rivera Schatz reconoce el triunfo del "No"" 663:This would require increasing the number of 241:30th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico 2804: 2790: 2782: 2670:"Fortuño acepta que el "Si" fue derrotado" 2368:"Jueces a favor del "Si" en el referĂ©ndum" 887:Artistas en Defensa al Derecho a la Fianza 869:In August 2012, Puerto Rican singer/actor 588:On January 9, 2012, Puerto Rican Governor 552: 538: 18: 1766:"Pipiolos se preparan para el referĂ©ndum" 1389: 1387: 1385: 1091:State Elections Commission of Puerto Rico 1075:State Elections Commission of Puerto Rico 572:: one to eliminate the absolute right to 2820:Elections and referendums in Puerto Rico 1204: 1095: 798:Hostosian National Independence Movement 704:murdering a police officer while on duty 564:A constitutional referendum was held in 159:17th Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico 3515:August 2012 events in the United States 1362: 21: 2097:"Artistas dicen No y No al referĂ©ndum" 1097:Eliminate the right for absolute bail 890:Eduardo Villanueva; singers/musicians 831:, and former gubernatorial candidate, 422:United States House of Representatives 2314:Alvarado, Gerardo (August 15, 2012). 2095:Marrero, Rosalina (August 18, 2012). 1897:"La fianza divide al PPD y a Padilla" 1617:Santiago, Yaritza (August 17, 2012). 1584:Santiago, Yaritza (August 10, 2012). 1553:"Papeleta Modelo del Referendum 2012" 1465:"Luz verde a referĂ©ndum sobre fianza" 1394:RodrĂ­guez, Israel (August 19, 2012). 885:A group of artists under the name of 866:of respect to the rights of others." 796:HĂ©ctor Pesquera, co-president of the 744:Puerto Rican House of Representatives 7: 1710:Rivera, Ivelisse (August 16, 2012). 1323:held a press conference, along with 1089:The final results, according to the 954:), and JesĂșs GonzĂĄlez (Correction). 784:Worker's People Party of Puerto Rico 427:Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico 2473:CobiĂĄn, Mariana (August 17, 2012). 1764:Banuchi, Rebecca (August 5, 2012). 1731:Cordero, Gerardo (August 9, 2012). 780:Puerto Ricans for Puerto Rico Party 2440:CobiĂĄn, Mariana (August 3, 2012). 2278:Muñíz, Alba Y. (August 17, 2012). 808:in the island. The members of the 804:won't be a solution to the rising 14: 2763:. August 19, 2012. Archived from 2721:DĂ­az, Maritza (August 19, 2012). 2698:. August 19, 2012. Archived from 2547:. August 16, 2012. Archived from 2515:. August 12, 2012. Archived from 2421:"Walter Mercado favorece el "Si"" 2255:. August 12, 2012. Archived from 2072:. August 16, 2012. Archived from 2040:. August 15, 2012. Archived from 2008:. August 15, 2012. Archived from 1976:. August 15, 2012. Archived from 1794:. August 12, 2012. Archived from 1657:. August 19, 2012. Archived from 1441:. January 9, 2012. Archived from 1206:Change the number of legislators 667:from 8 to 11, while reducing the 2813: 2603:RuĂ­z, Gloria (August 19, 2012). 2344:. August 3, 2012. Archived from 2135:. August 8, 2012. Archived from 1859:Peña, Brenda (August 15, 2012). 1687:. August 9, 2012. Archived from 1396:"VirazĂłn da la victoria al "No"" 1303: 1292: 1275: 1264: 1253: 1222: 1194: 1183: 1166: 1155: 1144: 1113: 518: 31: 2213:Torres, RaĂșl (August 4, 2012). 791:Puerto Rican Independence Party 733:Puerto Rican Independence Party 357:Puerto Rican Independence Party 2399:Cyber News (August 14, 2012). 1948:Inter News (August 17, 2012). 1473:. May 11, 2012. Archived from 1032:continue with their campaign. 1: 2190:Cyber News (August 8, 2012). 997:Puerto Rico Police Department 513:Politics of the United States 399:Municipalities of Puerto Rico 113:Government-owned corporations 16:Ballot measure in Puerto Rico 993:Supreme Court of Puerto Rico 978:Sila MarĂ­a GonzĂĄlez CalderĂłn 776:Movimiento UniĂłn Soberanista 2401:"Exjueces a favor del "Si"" 1496:Cyber News (May 15, 2012). 1340:Puerto Rico Bar Association 815:Various leaders within the 722:Constitution of Puerto Rico 3531: 3510:Constitutional referendums 3500:Referendums in Puerto Rico 2650:Resultados Referendum 2012 1294:Registered voters/turnout 1185:Registered voters/turnout 1040:A poll by local newspaper 362:Citizen's Victory Movement 168:26th Senate of Puerto Rico 108:Fiscal agent and financing 58:United States Constitution 1304: 1216: 1213: 1210: 1195: 1107: 1104: 1101: 477:Proposed political status 186:Larry Seilhamer RodrĂ­guez 1558:. CEEPUR. Archived from 1350:gubernatorial candidate 1333:Alejandro GarcĂ­a Padilla 1331:gubernatorial candidate 962:Popular Democratic Party 958:Alejandro GarcĂ­a Padilla 849:Alejandro GarcĂ­a Padilla 817:Popular Democratic Party 669:representative districts 374:Political party strength 352:Popular Democratic Party 268:Gabriel RodrĂ­guez AguilĂł 237:House of Representatives 63:Puerto Rico Constitution 1266:Invalid or blank votes 1157:Invalid or blank votes 829:Miguel HernĂĄndez Agosto 204:Ángel Chayanne MartĂ­nez 173:President of the Senate 24:Politics of Puerto Rico 974:Rafael HernĂĄndez ColĂłn 854:Human rights activist 833:Victoria Muñoz Mendoza 823:posted a video on his 748:Edison Misla Aldarondo 613:Rafael HernĂĄndez ColĂłn 417:Federal representation 123:Office of the Governor 1084:Senate of Puerto Rico 1021:New Progressive Party 982:Luis RaĂșl Torres Cruz 966:Senate of Puerto Rico 952:Sports and Recreation 928:Senate of Puerto Rico 920:New Progressive Party 810:Ateneo Puertorriqueño 617:Carlos Romero BarcelĂł 600:On May 10, 2012, the 394:Mayors in Puerto Rico 347:New Progressive Party 195:Carmelo RĂ­os Santiago 182:President pro tempore 103:Executive departments 2941:Legislative Assembly 2202:on February 3, 2013. 1565:on September 7, 2012 1319:At 7:00pm, Governor 1080:Thomas Rivera Schatz 924:Thomas Rivera Schatz 665:senatorial districts 578:Legislative Assembly 177:Thomas Rivera Schatz 3505:2012 in Puerto Rico 3341:Municipal elections 2139:on February 3, 2013 1980:on February 4, 2013 1691:on February 3, 2013 1661:on January 17, 2013 1508:on February 3, 2013 1477:on February 9, 2013 1445:on February 2, 2012 1352:Juan Dalmau RamĂ­rez 1344:AnĂ­bal Acevedo VilĂĄ 1207: 1098: 1082:, President of the 970:Sila MarĂ­a CalderĂłn 926:, President of the 856:Pedro Julio Serrano 821:AnĂ­bal Acevedo VilĂĄ 688:premeditated murder 635:Proposed amendments 525:Politics portal 255:Speaker pro tempore 2767:on August 23, 2012 2735:on August 22, 2012 2702:on August 22, 2012 2678:. August 19, 2012. 2655:2012-08-22 at the 2617:on August 22, 2012 2584:on August 21, 2012 2551:on August 18, 2012 2519:on August 21, 2012 2487:on August 19, 2012 2429:. August 17, 2012. 2380:on August 19, 2012 2292:on August 19, 2012 2259:on August 13, 2012 2227:on August 12, 2012 2171:on August 18, 2012 2109:on August 21, 2012 2076:on August 19, 2012 2044:on August 30, 2012 2012:on August 17, 2012 1873:on August 19, 2012 1798:on August 14, 2012 1745:on August 14, 2012 1631:on August 19, 2012 1598:on August 13, 2012 1408:on August 21, 2012 1375:2012-08-04 at the 1205: 1096: 986:Jorge Colberg Toro 851:to vote in favor. 432:Jenniffer GonzĂĄlez 259:JosĂ© Torres Zamora 128:Transition process 118:Line of succession 3482: 3481: 2454:on August 6, 2012 2348:on August 5, 2012 1848:. August 2, 2012. 1312: 1311: 1203: 1202: 845:Carmen YulĂ­n Cruz 837:Rafael Cox Alomar 724:, if it had won. 611:Former Governors 562: 561: 411:Federal relations 342:Political Parties 277:UrayoĂĄn HernĂĄndez 3522: 3495:2012 referendums 2818: 2817: 2816: 2806: 2799: 2792: 2783: 2777: 2776: 2774: 2772: 2751: 2745: 2744: 2742: 2740: 2731:. Archived from 2718: 2712: 2711: 2709: 2707: 2686: 2680: 2679: 2666: 2660: 2647: 2641: 2633: 2627: 2626: 2624: 2622: 2613:. Archived from 2600: 2594: 2593: 2591: 2589: 2580:. Archived from 2567: 2561: 2560: 2558: 2556: 2535: 2529: 2528: 2526: 2524: 2503: 2497: 2496: 2494: 2492: 2483:. Archived from 2470: 2464: 2463: 2461: 2459: 2450:. Archived from 2437: 2431: 2430: 2417: 2411: 2410: 2396: 2390: 2389: 2387: 2385: 2376:. Archived from 2364: 2358: 2357: 2355: 2353: 2332: 2326: 2325: 2311: 2302: 2301: 2299: 2297: 2288:. Archived from 2275: 2269: 2268: 2266: 2264: 2243: 2237: 2236: 2234: 2232: 2223:. Archived from 2210: 2204: 2203: 2198:. Archived from 2187: 2181: 2180: 2178: 2176: 2167:. Archived from 2155: 2149: 2148: 2146: 2144: 2125: 2119: 2118: 2116: 2114: 2105:. Archived from 2092: 2086: 2085: 2083: 2081: 2060: 2054: 2053: 2051: 2049: 2028: 2022: 2021: 2019: 2017: 1996: 1990: 1989: 1987: 1985: 1966: 1960: 1959: 1945: 1939: 1938: 1925: 1919: 1918: 1916: 1914: 1909:on July 17, 2012 1905:. Archived from 1892: 1883: 1882: 1880: 1878: 1869:. Archived from 1856: 1850: 1849: 1836: 1830: 1829: 1827: 1825: 1814: 1808: 1807: 1805: 1803: 1782: 1776: 1775: 1761: 1755: 1754: 1752: 1750: 1741:. Archived from 1728: 1722: 1721: 1707: 1701: 1700: 1698: 1696: 1677: 1671: 1670: 1668: 1666: 1647: 1641: 1640: 1638: 1636: 1627:. Archived from 1614: 1608: 1607: 1605: 1603: 1594:. Archived from 1581: 1575: 1574: 1572: 1570: 1564: 1557: 1549: 1543: 1542: 1540: 1538: 1524: 1518: 1517: 1515: 1513: 1504:. Archived from 1493: 1487: 1486: 1484: 1482: 1461: 1455: 1454: 1452: 1450: 1429: 1418: 1417: 1415: 1413: 1404:. Archived from 1391: 1380: 1367: 1226: 1208: 1117: 1099: 936:Guillermo Somoza 692:murder during a 554: 547: 540: 523: 522: 465:Political status 286:Tatito HernĂĄndez 230:JosĂ© Luis Dalmau 35: 19: 3530: 3529: 3525: 3524: 3523: 3521: 3520: 3519: 3485: 3484: 3483: 3478: 3375: 3335: 3140: 2935: 2822: 2814: 2812: 2810: 2780: 2770: 2768: 2753: 2752: 2748: 2738: 2736: 2720: 2719: 2715: 2705: 2703: 2688: 2687: 2683: 2668: 2667: 2663: 2657:Wayback Machine 2648: 2644: 2634: 2630: 2620: 2618: 2602: 2601: 2597: 2587: 2585: 2569: 2568: 2564: 2554: 2552: 2537: 2536: 2532: 2522: 2520: 2505: 2504: 2500: 2490: 2488: 2472: 2471: 2467: 2457: 2455: 2439: 2438: 2434: 2419: 2418: 2414: 2398: 2397: 2393: 2383: 2381: 2366: 2365: 2361: 2351: 2349: 2334: 2333: 2329: 2313: 2312: 2305: 2295: 2293: 2277: 2276: 2272: 2262: 2260: 2245: 2244: 2240: 2230: 2228: 2212: 2211: 2207: 2189: 2188: 2184: 2174: 2172: 2157: 2156: 2152: 2142: 2140: 2127: 2126: 2122: 2112: 2110: 2094: 2093: 2089: 2079: 2077: 2062: 2061: 2057: 2047: 2045: 2030: 2029: 2025: 2015: 2013: 1998: 1997: 1993: 1983: 1981: 1968: 1967: 1963: 1947: 1946: 1942: 1937:. May 16, 2012. 1927: 1926: 1922: 1912: 1910: 1894: 1893: 1886: 1876: 1874: 1858: 1857: 1853: 1838: 1837: 1833: 1823: 1821: 1816: 1815: 1811: 1801: 1799: 1784: 1783: 1779: 1763: 1762: 1758: 1748: 1746: 1730: 1729: 1725: 1709: 1708: 1704: 1694: 1692: 1679: 1678: 1674: 1664: 1662: 1649: 1648: 1644: 1634: 1632: 1616: 1615: 1611: 1601: 1599: 1583: 1582: 1578: 1568: 1566: 1562: 1555: 1551: 1550: 1546: 1536: 1534: 1526: 1525: 1521: 1511: 1509: 1495: 1494: 1490: 1480: 1478: 1463: 1462: 1458: 1448: 1446: 1431: 1430: 1421: 1411: 1409: 1393: 1392: 1383: 1377:Wayback Machine 1370:Referendum 2012 1368: 1364: 1360: 1325:Pedro Pierluisi 1317: 1071: 1038: 1017: 940:JesĂșs F. MĂ©ndez 918:and his party, 912: 782:(PPR), and the 768: 763: 714: 677: 671:from 40 to 33. 657:representatives 642: 637: 597:to the people. 586: 558: 529: 517: 504: 503: 467: 457: 456: 412: 404: 403: 389: 379: 378: 367:Proyect Dignity 332: 324: 323: 314: 304: 303: 295:RamĂłn Luis Cruz 282:Minority Leader 264:Majority Leader 209:Minority Leader 191:Majority Leader 150: 140: 139: 83: 73: 72: 68:Puerto Rico law 53: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3528: 3526: 3518: 3517: 3512: 3507: 3502: 3497: 3487: 3486: 3480: 3479: 3477: 3476: 3469: 3464: 3459: 3454: 3449: 3444: 3439: 3434: 3429: 3424: 3419: 3414: 3409: 3404: 3399: 3394: 3389: 3383: 3381: 3377: 3376: 3374: 3373: 3366: 3361: 3356: 3351: 3345: 3343: 3337: 3336: 3334: 3333: 3326: 3321: 3316: 3311: 3306: 3301: 3296: 3291: 3286: 3281: 3276: 3271: 3266: 3261: 3256: 3251: 3246: 3241: 3236: 3231: 3226: 3221: 3216: 3211: 3206: 3201: 3196: 3191: 3186: 3181: 3176: 3171: 3166: 3161: 3156: 3150: 3148: 3142: 3141: 3139: 3138: 3131: 3126: 3121: 3116: 3111: 3106: 3101: 3096: 3091: 3086: 3081: 3076: 3071: 3066: 3061: 3056: 3051: 3046: 3041: 3036: 3031: 3026: 3021: 3016: 3011: 3006: 3001: 2996: 2991: 2986: 2981: 2976: 2971: 2966: 2961: 2956: 2951: 2945: 2943: 2937: 2936: 2934: 2933: 2926: 2921: 2916: 2911: 2906: 2901: 2896: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2876: 2871: 2866: 2861: 2856: 2851: 2846: 2841: 2836: 2830: 2828: 2824: 2823: 2811: 2809: 2808: 2801: 2794: 2786: 2779: 2778: 2746: 2713: 2681: 2661: 2642: 2628: 2595: 2562: 2530: 2498: 2465: 2432: 2412: 2391: 2359: 2327: 2303: 2270: 2238: 2205: 2182: 2150: 2120: 2087: 2055: 2023: 1991: 1961: 1940: 1920: 1884: 1851: 1831: 1820:. Red Betances 1809: 1777: 1756: 1723: 1702: 1672: 1642: 1609: 1576: 1544: 1519: 1488: 1456: 1419: 1381: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1316: 1313: 1310: 1309: 1302: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1291: 1290: 1285: 1280: 1274: 1273: 1270: 1267: 1263: 1262: 1259: 1256: 1252: 1251: 1248: 1245: 1241: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1219: 1218: 1215: 1212: 1201: 1200: 1193: 1192: 1189: 1186: 1182: 1181: 1176: 1171: 1165: 1164: 1161: 1158: 1154: 1153: 1150: 1147: 1143: 1142: 1139: 1136: 1132: 1131: 1126: 1121: 1110: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1070: 1067: 1059: 1058: 1055: 1037: 1034: 1025:middle fingers 1016: 1015:Advertisements 1013: 1008:Walter Mercado 988:, and others. 911: 908: 904:New Year's Eve 841:Eduardo Bhatia 767: 764: 762: 759: 713: 712:Voting process 710: 706: 705: 702: 699: 696: 690: 676: 673: 661: 660: 655:the number of 653: 648:the number of 641: 638: 636: 633: 621:Pedro RossellĂł 585: 582: 560: 559: 557: 556: 549: 542: 534: 531: 530: 528: 527: 515: 509: 506: 505: 502: 501: 500: 499: 494: 489: 484: 474: 472:Current status 468: 463: 462: 459: 458: 455: 454: 449: 448: 447: 446: 445: 444: 443: 413: 410: 409: 406: 405: 402: 401: 396: 390: 387:Municipalities 385: 384: 381: 380: 377: 376: 371: 370: 369: 364: 359: 354: 349: 339: 333: 330: 329: 326: 325: 322: 321: 315: 310: 309: 306: 305: 302: 301: 300: 299: 298: 297: 288: 279: 270: 261: 252: 234: 233: 232: 223: 213:Eduardo Bhatia 206: 197: 188: 179: 151: 146: 145: 142: 141: 138: 137: 132: 131: 130: 125: 120: 115: 110: 105: 100: 98:Chief of Staff 95: 84: 79: 78: 75: 74: 71: 70: 65: 60: 54: 45: 44: 41: 40: 37: 36: 28: 27: 22: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3527: 3516: 3513: 3511: 3508: 3506: 3503: 3501: 3498: 3496: 3493: 3492: 3490: 3475: 3474: 3470: 3468: 3465: 3463: 3460: 3458: 3455: 3453: 3450: 3448: 3445: 3443: 3440: 3438: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3428: 3425: 3423: 3420: 3418: 3415: 3413: 3410: 3408: 3405: 3403: 3400: 3398: 3395: 3393: 3390: 3388: 3385: 3384: 3382: 3378: 3372: 3371: 3367: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3357: 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3346: 3344: 3342: 3338: 3332: 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1296: 1293: 1289: 1286: 1284: 1281: 1279: 1276: 1271: 1268: 1265: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1249: 1246: 1243: 1242: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1220: 1209: 1199: 1190: 1187: 1184: 1180: 1177: 1175: 1172: 1170: 1167: 1162: 1159: 1156: 1151: 1148: 1145: 1140: 1137: 1134: 1133: 1130: 1127: 1125: 1122: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1111: 1100: 1094: 1092: 1087: 1085: 1081: 1076: 1068: 1066: 1064: 1056: 1053: 1049: 1048: 1047: 1045: 1044: 1036:Opinion polls 1035: 1033: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1014: 1012: 1009: 1004: 1002: 998: 994: 989: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 953: 949: 948:Henry Neumann 945: 941: 937: 933: 932:Miguel Romero 929: 925: 921: 917: 909: 907: 905: 901: 896: 893: 888: 883: 880: 876: 872: 867: 863: 861: 857: 852: 850: 846: 842: 838: 834: 830: 826: 822: 818: 813: 811: 807: 803: 799: 794: 792: 787: 785: 781: 777: 773: 765: 760: 758: 755: 753: 749: 745: 741: 736: 734: 730: 725: 723: 719: 711: 709: 703: 700: 697: 695: 694:home invasion 691: 689: 686: 685: 684: 682: 674: 672: 670: 666: 658: 654: 651: 647: 646: 645: 639: 634: 632: 630: 626: 622: 618: 614: 609: 607: 603: 598: 596: 591: 583: 581: 579: 575: 571: 567: 555: 550: 548: 543: 541: 536: 535: 533: 532: 526: 521: 516: 514: 511: 510: 508: 507: 498: 495: 493: 490: 488: 485: 483: 482:Sovereigntism 480: 479: 478: 475: 473: 470: 469: 466: 461: 460: 453: 452:Insular Cases 450: 441: 437: 433: 430: 429: 428: 425: 424: 423: 420: 419: 418: 415: 414: 408: 407: 400: 397: 395: 392: 391: 388: 383: 382: 375: 372: 368: 365: 363: 360: 358: 355: 353: 350: 348: 345: 344: 343: 340: 338: 335: 334: 328: 327: 320: 319:Supreme Court 317: 316: 313: 308: 307: 296: 292: 291:Minority Whip 289: 287: 283: 280: 278: 274: 273:Majority Whip 271: 269: 265: 262: 260: 256: 253: 251: 250:Johnny MĂ©ndez 247: 244: 243: 242: 238: 235: 231: 227: 226:Minority Whip 224: 222: 218: 214: 210: 207: 205: 201: 200:Majority Whip 198: 196: 192: 189: 187: 183: 180: 178: 174: 171: 170: 169: 165: 162: 161: 160: 156: 153: 152: 149: 144: 143: 136: 133: 129: 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Index

Politics of Puerto Rico

Constitution
law
United States Constitution
Puerto Rico Constitution
Puerto Rico law
Executive
Governor
Cabinet
Chief of Staff
Executive departments
Fiscal agent and financing
Government-owned corporations
Line of succession
Office of the Governor
Transition process
First Lady
Legislative
Legislature
17th Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico
Senate
26th Senate of Puerto Rico
President of the Senate
Thomas Rivera Schatz
President pro tempore
Larry Seilhamer RodrĂ­guez
Majority Leader
Carmelo RĂ­os Santiago
Majority Whip

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