1096:
961:. Following the funeral, hundreds demonstrated in front of the parliament building calling for the dissolution of the constituent assembly but the day turned violent when the protests were met with tear gas resulting in the death of a 48-year-old activist who was in the same leftist coalition as Brahmi when he was hit by a tear gas canister in the head. In addition to the day's turmoil, a police officer was injured due to a rare bomb attack outside a police station in a Tunis suburb.
677:" (LPR), a government-aligned nationwide organization that claims to root out remnants of Ben Ali's regime but are accused of thuggish behaviour towards opposition groups, and he claimed that there are groups inside Ennahda that incite violence and that the LPR's committees are tools used by the government and its allied Islamists to get rid of the party's leftist coalition. The night before the incident, he appeared in a political talk show on Tunisia's
1040:, with demonstrators calling for greater investment in their regions and for the government to deal with the unequal investment opportunities favoring the capital and nearby cities. In Siliana, protests turned violent when a group of young demonstrators clashed with police leaving nearly 50 policemen injured according to the Ministry of Interior with two of them seriously wounded and others suffering fractures while a hospital source quoted by
673:, said in a statement: "Chokri Belaid was killed today by four bullets to the head and chest ... doctors told us that he has died. This is a sad day for Tunisia". It was also reported that Belaid had received several death threats prior to his assassination with many of his supporters blaming Ennahda for failing to protect him following those threats and an incident targeting fellow party members a week earlier. Belaid had always attacked the "
613:
916:
897:– Hundreds of thousands of mourners, gathered at the funeral of Chokri Belaid, were disrupted by a number of young men armed with machetes who reportedly attempted to steal the protesters' phones and cameras and set fire to cars, prompting the police to use tear gas to disperse the demonstrators who clashed with them outside the cemetery. Banks, factories and shops closed as part of a general strike which were joined by
4252:
951:(UGTT) announced an official day of mourning and called for a general strike with shops, banks and most public transport having closed. In addition, 42 members representing six opposition parties have withdrawn from the 217-seat constituent assembly and called for the government to be replaced by a national unity government tasked with finishing off the constitution and paving the way for fresh elections.
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71:
728:. During Brahmi's funeral, protesters called for the government to be toppled, while police fired tear gas on them. According to a statement made by the Tunisian Prosecutor regarding the autopsy of Brahmi's corpse; "The deceased had been hit with fourteen gunshots: six in his torso and eight in his left leg". Brahmi's killing was condemned by many international leaders including
835:. Unlike Al-Qaeda and other like-minded groups in the Arab world, the AST claims to be non-violent and engages in charitable activity as a way of gaining support providing food, medicine and clothing while at the same time preaching mainstream Salafist thinking. However, they have been involved in numerous violent incidents such as their alleged role in the
526:
865:'s assassination earlier in the day by unknown gunmen, thousands of his supporters took to the streets across the nation. The National Guard fired tear gas at protesters who barricaded Avenue Habib Bourguiba using bins, coffee tables and barbed wire. Other violent protests erupted in other parts of the country including
804:. Most of them denounced violence as a way to reach their goals and have advocated democracy. However, some have been engaged in numerous clashes with security forces mainly in the south and north-west of the country resulting in numerous casualties on both sides in a conflict that is often related to the wider
664:
for a meeting with its secretary general when he was shot four times by a gunman who later took off on a motorbike driven by a second accomplice. Belaid was quickly rushed to the nearest clinic but the doctors were unable to save him and he was pronounced dead at the clinic. Current secretary general
568:
had long been banned in the political spectrum by former
President Ben Ali, most notably in the 1989 elections where some of its members had to run independently due to government repression. Two years after the elections Ben Ali jailed nearly 25,000 of its activists with Ennahda militants responding
1044:
mentioned 30 police officers and 2 protesters injured. Hundreds of demonstrators attacked and torched two of the ruling party's offices in Gafsa after trying to break into the governor's office where they were dispersed by police firing tear gas. They chanted slogans such as "The people of Gafsa are
723:
by thousands of his supporters including relatives and fellow party members who demonstrated and blamed the incumbent
Ennahda Party and their followers for the assassination while shouting "Down with the rule of the Islamists!". They were also joined by his wife and daughter in front of the hospital
577:
while its critics viewed it as a threat to secularism in
Tunisia, which was often regarded as the most secular Arab state. In addition, leading Ennahda figures have repeatedly tried to reassure worrying Tunisians that it would protect civil rights and democracy. However, the movement was accused to
458:
The protests intensified on 23 October 2013, when thousands of demonstrators took to the streets calling for the government to step down hours before talks between the ruling
Islamist coalition and opposition leaders that concluded with Ennahda promising to resign in three weeks ending a months-old
586:
of Egypt and many of its secular opponents pointing out to acid attacks on female students in the 1980s for dressing "indecently" as a warning sign from
Islamist repression. It is also believed that Rashid al-Ghannushi himself, the co-founder of the party had a long history of violent thinking.
940:
in the presence of his wife and daughter earlier this day. The demonstrators gathered in masses around the
Interior ministry building in Tunis calling for the government to resign and chanting "Down with Islamist rule" and shouted slogans against Ennahda leader, Rashid Ghannushi calling him a
1004:
opposition, thousands of
Tunisians doubtful about the Ennahda's intentions rallied across the country calling for the government's immediate resignation. However, talks have been delayed to Friday following clashes between Islamist militants and security forces that left six policemen dead.
1003:
confirmed that the government was ready to resign but insisted that the new constitution be completed first and an electoral commission be established, with a clear election date before handing over power. Hours before crisis talks between the
Islamist-led government and the mainly secular
681:
and said; "Rashid
Ghannushi considers the leagues to be the conscience of the nation, so the defense of the authors of violence is clear. All those who oppose Ennahda become the targets of violence." Following his assassination, thousands of demonstrators gathered outside the
710:
On 25 July 2013, Mohamed Brahmi was shot dead in his car in front of his home in Tunis by unknown gunmen on a motorbike in front of his wife Mbarka and his daughter Belkis who were both shocked after the tragedy. The incident occurred on the day
Tunisia was set to celebrate
795:
The post-revolution Tunisia has witnessed an unprecedented rise in extremism through increasing militant activity, weapons smuggling from Libya and involvement in the political scene. They range from self-claimed moderate parties like Ennahda to the more hard-line
1285:
454:
which is widely believed to be behind the assassinations, as well as many other attacks on security personnel and state institutions. This prompted the government to list the group as a terrorist organization amid growing pressure by opposition groups.
1073:, after talks between the ruling Ennahda party and the opposition. Out of 21 parties participating in the dialogue, 18 were supposed to participate in the election of the new PM with 9 voting in favor of Jomaa. Seven had withdrawn, including
1373:
877:, the birthplace of the 2011 revolution, where 4,000 demonstrators reportedly flooded the city, burning tyres and throwing rocks at security forces prompting clashes with the protesters. In an evening televised address, Prime Minister
771:. The left-wing leader maintained that Belhadj apparently intended to carry out terrorist attacks in Tunisia, and trained the Ansar al-Sharia cell that killed the opposition politicians, all under close observation by Ennahda leaders
459:
political deadlock. In exchange for Ennahda's resignation, the opposition agreed to pass a constitution in which freedom of worship will be guaranteed but in the same time gave a greater role to religion in public life than before.
754:
announced at a news conference that the same 9mm automatic weapon that killed Belaid also killed Brahmi. The Chokri Belaid defense committee spokesman Tayeb Oqaili claimed on 2 October that, according to official documents,
2563:
587:
Following Ben Ali's ouster, the party was legalized and Ghannushi was welcomed by a crowd of 1,000 people upon his return to the country after 22 years of exile in Europe. Ghannushi later formed an alliance called the
1293:
4107:
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573:" party by advocating democracy and recognizing political pluralism and dialogue with the West. Its supporters back then regarded the party as an example of how a balance can be struck between modernity and
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on the border with Algeria. On 29 July 2013, a military convoy was ambushed by militants resulting in a number of deaths with many of the victims found beheaded and others mutilated. A week later, the
1077:, due to their opposition of Jomaa's candidacy because he was a member of the governing cabinet serving as Minister of Industry. In addition, two parties voted for the runner-up and three were absent.
2143:
1514:
1377:
1059:, a coalition of major opposition leftist parties, was attacked by a mob of 60 men on Thursday night. The group said on its Facebook page that there was no damage and that its members were fine.
4112:
1971:
887:– Tunisia's governing Islamists rejected Jebali's plan to dismiss the government without consulting other party members. "The prime minister did not ask the opinion of his party," said
377:
4130:
1321:
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967:– Tens of thousands of protesters rallied in Tunis calling for the resignation of the Islamist-led government. It was the largest demonstration of its kind since Brahmi's murder.
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1777:
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1913:
957:– Masses gathered at Brahmi's funeral joined by his wife, children and fellow party members shouting anti-government chants with soldiers carrying the deceased's coffin to
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who said in a statement; "I am deeply saddened to learn of the despicable murder of our colleague Mohamed Brahmi. I condemn this assassination in the strongest terms."
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murderer. Similar demonstrations took place in Brahmi's hometown Sidi Bouzid where it is reported that two Ennahda party offices were set fire to by angry mobs.
1257:
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of the Tunisian media. They have also carried out attacks on art exhibits, premises that sell alcohol and ransacked ancient shrines it considered un-Islamic.
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informed authorities Brahmi was a target and said there'd been a "failure" in the security services' response. He announced an investigation had been opened.
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by attacking the ruling party's headquarters killing one person and splashing acid on others. Following the revolution, it described itself to be a "moderate
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823:(AST) that was highly involved in the political scene before being listed by the government as a terrorist group. The group was founded in April 2011 by
3375:
2810:
930:– Lawmakers voted on Friday to have a draft constitution ready by the end of April with the next election to be held between 15 October and 15 December.
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215:
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1980:
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1119:
1022:– Ennahda leader, Rashid al-Ghannushi, said in a televised interview that the party may be willing to give up the government but not power.
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to flee the country ending his 23-year rule over Tunisia. This was followed by the suspension then dissolution of the former ruling
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responded with an army offensive and air strikes to clear out the mountains of Islamist elements responsible for the assaults.
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1083:– A 146-article draft constitution was completed. It was put to a vote and was adopted by a 200–12 vote with 4 abstentions.
993:– The government agreed to resign with UGTT mediation proposing three weeks of negotiations between the two opposing sides.
644:
on 25 July 2013 who were both members of the same left-wing coalition. Both murders were blamed on Islamic extremists with
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on 17 December 2011 and fueled by high unemployment, corruption, political repression and poor living conditions forcing
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3533:
1016:– Talks between the government and the opposition began, with discussions over a new and peaceful political transition.
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on 25 July. Other factors include the government's failure to deal with the rise of hardline Salafist groups including
4708:
4188:
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3158:
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in late July 2013, during which the country's mainly secular opposition organized several protests against the ruling
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1185:
309:
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3933:
3548:
2637:
2620:"Tunisia Protests: Thousands Shout Anti-Government Slogans at Funeral For Mohammed Brahmi, Slain Opposition Leader"
2328:
1045:
free people". In Gabès, protesters laid a symbolic cornerstone at the location of the future medical school of the
1010:– The UGTT called for a general strike in Sidi Bouzid following the deaths of six police officers the previous day.
319:
987:
from the parliament building to the seat of the government and calling for the government's immediate resignation.
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1028:– Three cities were hit by general strikes in protest over economic difficulties. The protest-hit cities were
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2015:
1056:
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666:
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155:
1826:"Tunisia opposition leader, Chokri Belaid, a critic of the Islamist-led, post-Arab Spring gov't, shot dead"
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2496:"Chokri Belaid Funeral: Violence Ensues As Thousands Mourn Assassinated Tunisian Opposition Leader"
908:
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On 6 February 2013, Chokri Belaid was leaving his house on his way to the headquarters of the
239:
160:
114:
719:'s presidency. He was later transported to Charles Nicolle Hospital after being paraded down
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was involved in the killings of both Belaid and Brahmi, pointing to links between the LIFG,
751:
628:
The protests were fueled by high scale political assassinations, most notably the murder of
588:
565:
542:
520:
487:
479:
442:
Many incidents fueled the protests including the assassination of prominent secular leaders
412:
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291:
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2020:
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483:
428:
347:
1258:"The Popular Front and the Union for Tunisia: the Tunisian Left's Reactionary Conversion"
17:
915:
648:, a hardline Salafist who is being sought for under suspicion of smuggling weapons from
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gathering in April 2013. Some are carrying posters demanding justice for Chokri Belaid.
832:
801:
698:. The day turned violent when some of the protesters threw rocks with the police using
641:
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447:
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3648:
3598:
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3312:
2564:"Tunisia erupts in renewed protests after opposition leader Mohamed Brahmi is killed"
1101:
983:– A mass rally was held, forming a 2 miles-long human chain in the country's capital
878:
862:
783:, among others. On 19 September 2013, Tunisia's interior minister told lawmakers the
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367:
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1374:"Tunisia: Protesters demand to know who killed opposition leaders Belaid and Brahmi"
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Investigations had been issued following both assassinations and Interior Minister
712:
253:
243:
1140:"Tens of thousands take to streets in Tunisia to demand resignation of government"
936:– Thousands of protesters took to the streets in response to the assassination of
2836:
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characterized by riots and unrest took place throughout the nation following the
3623:
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3307:
3116:
1070:
874:
780:
732:
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110:
1515:"Tunisia riots: Reform or be overthrown, US tells Arab states amid fresh riots"
123:
Continuing protests against terrorism and economic hardship among other issues.
3996:
3743:
3528:
1917:
1799:
1417:
1286:"Tunisia's national dialogue kicks off amid signs of a long elusive agreement"
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where he died. Hundreds of supporters also protested in Brahmi's hometown of
2758:"Tunisia's Ennahda will give up government but not power, says party leader"
1864:
907:– Thousands of Islamists held a mass rally in a show of strength to support
898:
678:
2514:"Tunisia: police fire tear gas at Chokri Belaid's funeral – as it happened"
2199:"Tunisia: New Details in Opposition Assassination Point to Libyan Islamist"
549:
win a plurality in the election (41% of the seats) closely followed by the
2680:"Tunisia's Islamist government to resign and pave way for fresh elections"
2198:
715:
when the country was celebrating the 56th anniversary of the beginning of
3835:
3252:
2274:
1400:"After Another High-Profile Assassination, Tunisia Lurches Toward Crisis"
1037:
866:
699:
574:
570:
1069:, announced that politicians had agreed on a new acting Prime Minister,
4305:
3467:
3427:
2414:
1414:"Tunisian Minister: Ansar al-Sharia Linked to Political Assassinations"
1322:"Tunisian anarchist youth movement hold concert to express indignation"
1239:"Popular Front, Union for Tunisia meet to form national salvation body"
1029:
579:
525:
396:
120:
New constitution passed, which gives Islam a role as the state religion
90:
2837:"Tunisia: 50 Policemen Injured in Siliana Clashes – Interior Ministry"
2460:"Violent protests erupt across Tunisia, demonstrators errect [
1204:"Tunisia's powerful union calls for protests to topple the government"
3462:
3272:
1844:"Tunisian opposition leader Chokri Belaid shot dead outside his home"
1594:
1592:
1590:
2588:"Tunisia paralyzed by general strike, protests after Brahmi killing"
839:
and an attack on a television station that showed the animated film
2158:"Islamists rally to defend Tunisian government after assassination"
1033:
984:
914:
870:
687:
649:
524:
27:
Protests leading to the resignation of the Islamist-led government
3383:
National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces
1682:. 4 October 2013. Archived from the original on 17 September 2015
1348:"Anarchist Feminist Activists Claim Brutality by Tunisian Police"
2740:"Tunisia's ruling Islamist party, opposition start crisis talks"
2602:"Protests Rock Tunisia in Wake of Mohammed Brahmi Assassination"
2357:
4270:
3089:
3085:
2546:"Tunisian lawmakers set timetable for constitution, elections"
1272:"Demise of Ennahda is victory for secular politics in Tunisia"
784:
541:
which had 217 seats was held on 23 October 2011 that saw the
439:
resigned and a new constitution was adopted in January 2014.
1914:"'Leagues for Protection of Revolution' Terrorize Tunisians"
1222:"Tunisia opposition in rally against Ennahda-led government"
109:
resigns and replaced by a technocratic government formed by
1308:"From feminists to pacifists, demo marks Tunis forum debut"
2877:"Strikes, demos in Tunisia as ruling party office torched"
2375:. Foreign Policy (The Middle East Channel). Archived from
808:. Several attacks by extremist factions took place in the
1778:"Tunisia opposition leaders 'assassinated with same gun'"
845:
because it depicted God while repeatedly calling for the
435:(CPR). The crisis gradually subsided when Prime Minister
1654:"Tunisia sees Islamist militants exploiting Libya chaos"
869:
where people torched the premises of the Ennahda party,
2478:"Tunisian Islamists reject plans to dismiss government"
2428:"Tunisia: Conservative Islamists Riot Over Art Exhibit"
2412:
Radical Islamists urge bigger role for Islam in Tunisia
2331:. Foreign Policy (The Middle East Channel. 16 May 2013.
2144:"Schulz on the killing of MP Mohamed Brahmi in Tunisia"
2016:
Salafist identified as suspect in Tunisia assassination
1865:"Tunisia: Chokri Belaid assassination prompts protests"
1501:"Tunisia: President Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali forced out"
3403:
National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change
2851:"Protesters in Gafsa Attack Ennahdha and CPR Offices"
2722:"Crisis talks delayed as Tunisia mourns slain police"
2666:"Tunisia opposition stages protest as crisis deepens"
1600:"Assessing Ennahda, Tunisia's Winning Islamist Party"
1569:"Tunisian activist, Moncef Marzouki, named president"
819:
One of the most prominent extremist organizations is
1859:
1857:
1437:"Tunisia declares Ansar al-Sharia a terrorist group"
4187:
4156:
4098:
4057:
3889:
3486:
3242:
3136:
2921:"Tunisia industry minister chosen to head new govt"
2399:"Protesters attack TV station over film Persepolis"
228:
129:
99:
81:
63:
47:
34:
3029:"Tunisia Chooses New PM to Replace Islamist Gov't"
2638:"Bomb explodes in Tunisia ahead of Brahmi funeral"
2571:
2256:"Secularists fear an Islamist takeover in Tunisia"
2036:"Second Opposition Leader Assassinated in Tunisia"
1979:
1972:"Uprising in Tunisia as regime critic is murdered"
1796:"Tunisia Assassination Puts Country at Crossroads"
1631:
1629:
1627:
415:. The events came as part of the aftermath of the
2953:"Mehdi Jomaa Chosen to Become New Prime Minister"
2701:"Tunisian police battle militants, talks delayed"
1999:"Tunisian politician Mohamed Brahmi assassinated"
1715:As Tunisians Cheer Egypt, Islamist Leader Returns
1186:"Protests over economy flare in Tunisian capital"
3049:. YTunisia Live. 26 January 2014. Archived from
2955:. Tunisia Live. 14 December 2013. Archived from
2853:. Tunisia Live. 27 November 2013. Archived from
2813:. Tunisia Live. 28 November 2013. Archived from
2652:"Tunisia crisis: Tens of thousands join protest"
2100:"Autopsy of the martyr Mohammed Brahmi revealed"
1802:(Business News). 8 February 2013. Archived from
1553:. Tunisia Live. 14 November 2011. Archived from
881:announced that he would dissolve the government.
873:where the party's offices were ransacked and in
3011:"Choice of new Tunisia PM causes hope, concern"
2805:
2803:
2176:"Tunisia opposition figures 'shot by same gun'"
1551:"Final Results of Tunisian Elections Announced"
1465:"Thousands protest before Tunisia crisis talks"
1459:
1457:
1172:"Hundreds protest in Tunisia against terrorism"
2532:"Tunisian Islamists rally in show of strength"
2224:"Tunisia Says CIA Warned of Politician Murder"
2064:"Tunisia Protests Over Mohamed Brahmi Killing"
1920:(Business News). 10 April 2013. Archived from
1376:. Citizen Side. 2 October 2013. Archived from
1158:"Hundreds stage Tunis anti-government protest"
557:(13.4% of the seats) who was later elected as
419:which ousted the country's longtime president
399:following the assassination of leftist leader
4282:
3101:
2939:"New interim prime minister named in Tunisia"
2897:. France 24. 29 November 2013. Archived from
2790:"Clashes During Tunisia Protest Over Economy"
2446:"Tunisia's radical divide over Salafi agenda"
2130:"Protests after Tunisia politician shot dead"
2010:
2008:
1602:. The Washington Institute. 18 November 2011.
591:with two secular political parties which are
8:
2772:"Tunisia: General Strikes Paralyze 3 Cities"
2058:
2056:
1993:
1991:
1735:"Tunisia opposition fear Ennahda power grab"
1533:"Tunisia disbands party of ousted president"
1350:. Tunisia Live. 22 July 2013. Archived from
1241:. Agence Tunis Afrique Presse. 28 July 2013.
675:Leagues for the Protection of the Revolution
501:party and the resignation of Prime Minister
427:which saw Ennahda win a plurality alongside
515:2011 Tunisian Constituent Assembly election
87:Resignation of the Islamist-led government.
4289:
4275:
4267:
3108:
3094:
3086:
2270:"Tunisia legalises Islamist group Ennahda"
1487:"Tunisia assembly passes new constitution"
364:and Secretary General of Ennahda Movement)
31:
1879:"Tunisian opposition leader assassinated"
597:Democratic Forum for Labour and Liberties
2323:
2321:
1881:. Politics and Society. 6 February 2013.
1431:
1429:
1427:
1324:. Demotix. 6 August 2013. Archived from
1252:
1250:
1248:
694:The people demand the fall of the regime
611:
2979:"Nine Tunisian parties nominate new PM"
2299:"Tunisian Islamists seek poll majority"
2078:"Tear gas fired at Tunisian protesters"
1944:"Clouds gather over bellwether Tunisia"
1648:
1646:
1131:
509:Constituent Assembly and new government
2716:
2714:
2695:
2693:
2197:Noureddine Baltayeb (3 October 2013).
1896:"Tunisian opposition leader shot dead"
1890:
1888:
1759:
1748:
1693:
1233:
1231:
2811:"Police, Protesters Clash in Siliana"
690:carrying Belaid's coffin and shouted
7:
3393:Syrian Revolution General Commission
2895:"Tunisia opposition office attacked"
2146:. European Parliament. 25 July 2013.
1120:List of protests in the 21st century
827:, who had previously co-founded the
737:President of the European Parliament
665:of Belaid's party and leader of the
4714:Riots and civil disorder in Tunisia
3047:"New Tunisian Constitution Adopted"
2993:"Tunisia politicians choose new PM"
2941:. Deutsche Welle. 14 December 2013.
2373:"Meeting Tunisia's Ansar al-Sharia"
1049:and there were no reported clashes.
837:storming of the US embassy in Tunis
539:election for a constituent assembly
298:(Former General Coordinator of the
35:2013–2014 Tunisian political crisis
3443:Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet
3358:Society for Development and Change
1637:"Profile: Tunisia's Ennahda Party"
1274:. The National. 30 September 2013.
901:that suspended all of its flights.
616:Assassinated Tunisian politicians
370:(Former Prime Minister of Tunisia)
25:
3076:The New York Times – Tunisia News
2329:"Confronting Tunisia's jihadists"
1978:. 6 February 2013. Archived from
1676:"The Fall of Tunisia's Islamists"
1660:. 20 October 2013. Archived from
1471:. 23 October 2013. Archived from
1292:. 25 October 2013. Archived from
4298:
4251:
4250:
2534:. Ahram Online. 9 February 2013.
2358:"The Next Insurgency in Tunisia"
1160:. Ahram Online. 23 October 2013.
1094:
1055:– The Tunis headquarters of the
640:leader and member of parliament
582:and is highly influenced by the
191:
69:
4044:Libyan civil war (2011–present)
3423:Constitutional Democratic Rally
3288:National Association for Change
2981:. Al Arabiya. 14 December 2013.
2590:. Deutsche Welle. 26 July 2013.
2371:Aaron Y. Zelin (8 March 2013).
2356:Habib Sayah (8 February 2013).
2297:Khalaf, Roula (27 April 2011).
2034:Gall, Carlotta (26 July 2013).
1737:. Ahram Online. 17 January 2012
1174:. Al-Arabiya. 17 February 2014.
706:Assassination of Mohamed Brahmi
3694:Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
2839:. allAfrica. 28 November 2013.
2760:. Al Arabiya. 28 October 2013.
2570:. 25 July 2013. Archived from
2466:. Al Arabiya. 6 February 2013.
2106:. 26 July 2013. Archived from
1960:. Al Jazeera. 7 February 2013.
1614:"In a Worried Corner of Tunis"
656:Assassination of Chokri Belaid
505:amid further public pressure.
395:A political crisis evolved in
1:
3438:Tunisian General Labour Union
3328:National Transitional Council
3128:Ash-shab yurid isqat an-nizam
2234:American Broadcasting Company
949:Tunisian General Labour Union
911:and the ruling Ennahda party.
761:Libyan Islamic Fighting Group
662:Tunisian General Labour Union
630:Democratic Patriots' Movement
561:by the Constituent Assembly.
537:Following the revolution, an
282:Democratic Patriots' Movement
264:Democratic Patriots' Movement
146:Tunisian General Labour Union
40:Part of the aftermath of the
3669:Moulaye Ould Mohamed Laghdaf
3367:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
1618:The New York Review of Books
1310:. Al Arabiya. 27 March 2013.
344:(Leader of Ennahda Movement)
4049:Egyptian crisis (2011–2014)
3258:February 14 Youth Coalition
2258:. Al Arabiya. 1 April 2013.
2132:. Al Jazeera. 26 July 2013.
1420:(Al-Hayat). 29 August 2013.
1402:. Time World. 25 July 2013.
1115:2012–2013 Egyptian protests
891:, Ennahda's vice-president.
810:Mount Chaambi national park
468:Tunisian revolution of 2011
4735:
3081:BBC News – Ennahda Profile
2640:. France 24. 27 July 2013.
2178:. Al Jazeera. 26 July 2013
2080:. Al Jazeera. 28 July 2013
831:(TCG) in Afghanistan with
821:Ansar al-Sharia in Tunisia
636:on 6 February 2013 and of
518:
512:
471:
328:(Secretary-General of the
318:(Secretary-General of the
308:(Secretary-General of the
280:(Secretary-General of the
262:(Secretary-General of the
4704:2014 in Tunisian politics
4313:
4246:
3473:General People's Congress
3453:Alliance of Yemeni Tribes
3293:National Democratic Party
3123:
2066:. Sky News. 25 July 2013.
1700:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
702:to disperse the rallies.
551:Congress for the Republic
433:Congress for the Republic
362:Prime Minister of Tunisia
233:
166:Unaffiliated protesters:
134:
39:
18:2013–14 Tunisian protests
4131:death of Muammar Gaddafi
3519:Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
3494:Women in the Arab Spring
3323:National Liberation Army
3303:Revolutionary Socialists
3298:National Salvation Front
2668:. BBC. 1 September 2013.
1958:"Profile: Shokri Belaid"
1946:. BBC. 10 February 2013.
1720:14 February 2011 at the
973:– The government listed
652:, as the prime suspect.
608:Political assassinations
151:National Salvation Front
4100:International reactions
3861:Abdul Majeed al-Zindani
3784:Zine El Abidine Ben Ali
3664:Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz
3554:Mohamed Hussein Tantawy
3398:Syrian National Council
3348:Women to drive movement
1867:. BBC. 6 February 2013.
1639:. BBC. 25 October 2011.
1503:. BBC. 15 January 2011.
1489:. BBC. 27 January 2014.
1260:. Nawaat. 23 June 2013.
495:Zine El Abidine Ben Ali
446:on 6 February 2013 and
421:Zine El Abidine Ben Ali
141:Opposition coalitions:
113:, a former minister in
4719:Arab Winter in Tunisia
3881:Mohammed Ali al-Houthi
3739:Muhammad Naji al-Otari
3338:February 25th Movement
3268:April 6 Youth Movement
2401:. BBC. 9 October 2011.
1758:Cite journal requires
1724:, NPR, 30 January 2011
1224:. BBC. 24 August 2013.
923:
721:Avenue Habib Bourguiba
625:
534:
407:that was dominated by
330:Social Democratic Path
252:(Secretary-General of
115:Laarayedh's government
51:25 July 2013
4126:military intervention
3876:Abdul-Malik al-Houthi
3851:Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi
3831:United Arab Emirates:
3639:Saif al-Islam Gaddafi
2997:The Belfast Telegraph
2654:. BBC. 6 August 2013.
1032:, the mining town of
977:as a terrorist group.
918:
829:Tunisian Combat Group
814:Tunisian Armed Forces
730:UN Human Rights chief
615:
528:
198:Government of Tunisia
3774:Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb
3579:Khaled Mohamed Saeed
3504:Abdelaziz Bouteflika
2686:. 28 September 2013.
2343:"Is Tunisia at War?"
2001:. BBC. 25 July 2013.
1680:Word Affairs Journal
1380:on 23 September 2015
1296:on 10 December 2018.
1210:. 22 September 2013.
861:– Following news of
578:have been shaped by
559:President of Tunisia
382:Constituent Assembly
352:President of Tunisia
4684:Tunisian revolution
3866:Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar
3799:Rashid al-Ghannushi
3754:Wael Nader al-Halqi
3644:Mustafa Abdul-Jelil
3534:Ali Jawad al-Sheikh
3035:. 14 December 2013.
3017:. 15 December 2013.
2999:. 15 December 2013.
2959:on 19 December 2013
2927:. 14 December 2013.
2883:. 27 November 2013.
2857:on 18 December 2016
2817:on 18 December 2016
2796:. 27 November 2013.
2778:. 27 November 2013.
2448:. BBC. 6 June 2013.
2236:. 19 September 2013
1475:on 1 February 2016.
1290:The Washington Post
1047:University of Gabès
909:Rashid al-Ghannushi
825:Abu Iyadh al-Tunisi
773:Rashid al-Ghannushi
547:Rashid al-Ghannushi
531:Rashid al-Ghannushi
474:Tunisian revolution
417:Tunisian Revolution
409:Rashid al-Ghannushi
342:Rashid al-Ghannushi
42:Tunisian Revolution
4709:Civil disobedience
4172:domestic responses
4157:Domestic reactions
3846:Ali Abdullah Saleh
3789:Mohamed Ghannouchi
3278:Muslim Brotherhood
3053:on 27 January 2014
2746:. 25 October 2013.
2728:. 24 October 2013.
2707:. 23 October 2013.
2520:. 8 February 2013.
2502:. 8 February 2013.
2484:. 7 February 2013.
2432:The New York Times
2379:on 3 December 2013
2110:on 11 October 2013
2040:The New York Times
2014:Daragahi, Borzou.
1924:on 24 October 2013
1902:. 7 February 2013.
1850:. 6 February 2013.
1832:. 6 February 2013.
1806:on 2 November 2013
1664:on 27 August 2017.
1620:. 27 October 2011.
1575:. 12 December 2011
1521:. 13 January 2011.
1328:on 29 October 2013
1192:. 11 January 2014.
924:
889:Abdelhamid Jelassi
806:Maghreb insurgency
757:Abdulhakim Belhadj
626:
620:(on the left) and
584:Muslim Brotherhood
535:
503:Mohamed Ghannouchi
374:Mustapha Ben Jafar
4671:
4670:
4264:
4263:
3809:Beji Caid Essebsi
3749:Riyad Farid Hijab
3589:Mohamed ElBaradei
3137:Events by country
2901:on 4 January 2014
2464:] barricades"
1848:Los Angeles Times
1557:on 10 March 2012.
999:– Prime Minister
991:28 September 2013
791:Rise of extremism
684:Interior Ministry
638:People's Movement
393:
392:
300:People's Movement
240:Beji Caid Essebsi
224:
223:
161:Union for Tunisia
16:(Redirected from
4726:
4303:
4302:
4301:
4291:
4284:
4277:
4268:
4254:
4253:
3819:Mohamed Bouazizi
3724:Hassan al-Turabi
3699:Khaled al-Johani
3654:Mohammed Nabbous
3619:Marouf al-Bakhit
3614:King Abdullah II
3413:Foreign fighters
3388:Free Syrian Army
3376:National Command
3371:Regional Command
3110:
3103:
3096:
3087:
3063:
3062:
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2553:
2552:. 15 March 2013.
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2345:. 7 August 2013.
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1354:on 7 August 2013
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1147:
1146:. 7 August 2013.
1136:
1110:Troika (Tunisia)
1104:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1063:14 December 2013
1053:28 November 2013
1026:27 November 2013
981:1 September 2013
769:Ennahda Movement
752:Lotfi Ben Jeddou
566:Ennahda Movement
543:Ennahda Movement
521:Ennahda Movement
488:Mohamed Bouazizi
480:civil resistance
425:general election
423:, followed by a
413:Ennahda Movement
320:Republican Party
296:
278:
196:
195:
194:
136:
135:
75:
73:
72:
58:
56:
32:
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4699:2013 in Tunisia
4674:
4673:
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4297:
4295:
4265:
4260:
4242:
4183:
4152:
4094:
4053:
3969:Iraqi Kurdistan
3899:Occupy movement
3885:
3856:Tawakkol Karman
3794:Moncef Marzouki
3764:Burhan Ghalioun
3734:Bashar al-Assad
3704:Manal al-Sharif
3634:Muammar Gaddafi
3482:
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2626:. 27 July 2013.
2618:
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2613:
2608:. 26 July 2013.
2600:
2599:
2595:
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2585:
2581:
2568:The Independent
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2434:. 12 June 2012.
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2164:. 26 July 2013.
2156:
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2104:The Tunis Times
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2024:. 26 July 2013.
2021:Financial Times
2013:
2006:
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1996:
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1976:The Independent
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1784:. 26 July 2013.
1776:
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1722:Wayback Machine
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1539:. 9 March 2011.
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1081:26 January 2014
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1014:25 October 2013
1008:24 October 2013
997:23 October 2013
975:Ansar al-Sharia
959:Jellaz Cemetery
905:9 February 2013
895:8 February 2013
885:7 February 2013
859:6 February 2013
855:
798:Ansar al-Sharia
793:
765:Ansar al Sharia
748:
717:Habib Bourguiba
708:
658:
624:(on the right).
610:
605:
595:'s CPR and the
593:Moncef Marzouki
555:Moncef Marzouki
529:Ennahda leader
523:
517:
511:
484:self-immolation
476:
470:
465:
452:Ansar al-Sharia
429:Moncef Marzouki
405:Troika alliance
389:
388:
387:
348:Moncef Marzouki
336:
335:
292:
274:
250:Taïeb Baccouche
220:
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105:Prime Minister
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70:
68:
54:
52:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
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4308:(1956–present)
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3769:Moaz al-Khatib
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3759:Maher al-Assad
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3719:Omar al-Bashir
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3684:Abbas El Fassi
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3604:Bassem Youssef
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3574:Kamal Ganzouri
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3524:Hasan Mushaima
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3487:Notable people
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3408:Hizb ut-Tahrir
3405:
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3070:External links
3068:
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3015:The Daily Star
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2881:The Daily Star
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2576:on 1 May 2022.
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2360:. Fikra Forum.
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2278:. 1 March 2011
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1984:on 1 May 2022.
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1067:Houcine Abassi
1060:
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1005:
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971:27 August 2013
968:
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942:
938:Mohamed Brahmi
931:
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854:
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833:Tarek Maaroufi
802:Hizb ut-Tahrir
792:
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747:
746:Investigations
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657:
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646:Boubacar Hakim
642:Mohamed Brahmi
622:Mohamed Brahmi
609:
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513:Main article:
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472:Main article:
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448:Mohamed Brahmi
401:Mohamed Brahmi
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4694:2014 protests
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4689:2013 protests
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4039:United States
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3824:Chokri Belaid
3822:
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3814:Hamadi Jebali
3812:
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3807:
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3804:Fouad Mebazaa
3802:
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3649:Mahmud Gebril
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3509:Ahmed Ouyahia
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3433:Popular Front
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229:Lead figures
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3661:Mauritania:
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3569:Wael Ghonim
3559:Ahmed Nazif
3335:Mauritania:
3308:Shayfeencom
3117:Arab Spring
3057:18 February
2963:15 December
2905:30 November
2861:30 November
2821:30 November
2726:Global Post
1579:12 December
1071:Mehdi Jomaa
875:Sidi Bouzid
781:Samir Dilou
733:Navi Pillay
726:Sidi Bouzid
170:Secularists
111:Mehdi Jomaa
100:Resulted in
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4191:by country
3744:Adel Safar
3529:Ali Salman
3189:Mauritania
2925:Yahoo News
2383:25 October
2114:25 October
1928:25 October
1918:Al-Monitor
1810:25 October
1800:Al-Monitor
1686:26 October
1418:Al-Monitor
1384:26 October
1358:27 October
1332:27 October
1190:Yahoo News
1126:References
842:Persepolis
519:See also:
463:Background
431:'s allied
316:Maya Jribi
182:Anarchists
55:2013-07-25
4304:Years in
4189:Timelines
4121:civil war
4022:2011–2012
3204:Palestine
2208:6 October
2203:Al Akhbar
1741:7 October
1537:USA Today
1446:28 August
899:Tunis Air
679:Nessma TV
492:President
216:Ettakatol
179:Feminists
4318:Pre-1956
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3501:Algeria:
3458:Al-Islah
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3253:Al Wefaq
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3154:Djibouti
3033:ABC News
2794:ABC News
2776:ABC News
2624:HuffPost
2606:HuffPost
2500:HuffPost
2275:BBC News
2229:ABC News
1830:CBS News
1718:Archived
1696:cite web
1573:BBC News
1441:BBC News
1088:See also
867:Mezzouna
853:Timeline
767:and the
700:tear gas
575:Islamism
571:Islamist
176:Liberals
173:Leftists
64:Location
4306:Tunisia
4198:Bahrain
4143:Tunisia
4108:Bahrain
4018:Turkey
3988:Mexico
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3428:Ennahda
3224:Tunisia
3194:Morocco
3179:Lebanon
3149:Bahrain
3144:Algeria
2744:Reuters
2705:Reuters
2550:Reuters
2415:Reuters
2310:24 June
2282:24 June
2182:26 July
2162:Reuters
2084:29 July
2045:26 July
1658:Reuters
1469:Reuters
1208:Reuters
1030:Siliana
759:of the
632:leader
580:Qutbism
545:led by
397:Tunisia
380:of the
378:Speaker
294:†
276:†
205:Ennahda
130:Parties
91:Secular
76:Tunisia
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589:Troika
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1038:Gabès
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688:Tunis
650:Libya
82:Goals
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