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President had been politically weakened on the domestic front following his party's loss in the regional and departmental elections in June 2021. Consequently, he relied on the French presidency of the
European Union to be a key moment of his term. Macron used his international prominence and pro-European foreign policy to assert himself as a leading candidate in the presidential race, a position his competitors lacked. Some rivals shared his pro-European views, including Anne Hidalgo from the Socialist Party and ValĂ©rie PĂ©cresse from Les RĂ©publicains. However, others took a more critical stance. Jean-Luc MĂ©lenchon of La France Insoumise, for instance, aimed to enforce a principle of ecological and social non-regression in European policy, planned to organise a European conference on the Western Balkans' accession, and accused Macron of yielding to authoritarian regimes by weakening the rule of law mechanism. Far-right candidates Marine Le Pen of the National Rally and Ăric Zemmour of ReconquĂȘte, despite Zemmour's convictions for inciting racial hatred, ran on an Eurosceptic platform.
715:
633:, the French European Commissioner for the Internal Market, and the law came into effect a month after the end of the French presidency, in July 2024. The legislation faced criticism, particularly for its most visible consequence: the removal of access to Google Maps from the Google portal in the name of consumer choice. Under this regulation, gatekeepers can no longer prioritise their own services. Under the new legislation, gatekeepers that fail to comply with these regulations could incur hefty penalties. The European Commission has the power to impose fines of up to 10% of a company's total global revenue, which could increase to 20% for repeat violations, and daily fines of up to 5% of the companyâs daily turnover. Additionally, the "Scale-up" initiative was launched, mobilising âŹ3.5 billion to support innovation and the growth of emerging players by engaging institutional investors.
589:) was not originally planned as part of the French EU presidencyâs programme. However, faced with urgent demands from Moldova and Ukraine for accelerated EU membership and recognizing that âintegration will take years, likely several decades,â Emmanuel Macron decided in June 2022 to launch the European Political Community. He stressed that this initiative was not meant to be a substitute for EU enlargement or a replacement for the European Union itself. Macron's idea was to bring together all European countries to collaborate on shared projects.
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term. It facilitated the approval of the
European Climate Law package, including the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, to cut emissions by 55% by 2030. The presidency championed the Strategic Compass, a new defence framework for the EU to enhance collective security and define shared strategic interests. On the economic front, the presidency secured a reciprocity instrument for public procurement and measures against foreign subsidies distorting competition. The presidency launched the
453:âWe commend the people of Ukraine for their courage in defending their country and our shared values of freedom and democracy. We will not leave them alone. The EU and its Member States will continue to provide coordinated political, financial, material and humanitarian support. We are committed to provide support for the reconstruction of a democratic Ukraine once the Russian onslaught has ceased. We are determined to increase even further our pressure on Russia and Belarus.â
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605:(Strategic Compass), which outlines European interests and a shared security and defence strategy, and aims to enhance incentives for investing in European capability projects. The Boussole stratégique is intended to reinforce the European Union's 2016 Global Strategy and build on the momentum for European security and defence initiatives. The Boussole stratégique, the first European
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506:, notes that France has been seen as overly preoccupied with its own interests and influenced by its historical hostility towards NATO and the United States. Reactions were particularly sharp when the French President highlighted the need to keep engaging with Vladimir Putin and pursue a negotiated settlement to the war in Ukraine.
465:, formally condemned Russia's invasion of Ukraine, expressed support for the attacked nation, and reaffirmed Kyiv's aspirations to join the European Union. Under the French presidency, the EU delivered arms to a third country for the first time, specifically to Ukraine. Member states collectively agreed to invite the
300:
A General
Secretariat for the French Presidency of the Council of the European Union was established by the decree of 8 December 2020. The General Secretariat operates under the authority of the French Prime Minister. The cost of the French Presidency of the Council of the European Union is estimated
547:
On 11 January 2022, a conference was held on the protection of posted workers and the fight against fraud. The issue of labour market access and the right to social security, especially for women, was the subject of a meeting on 31 January, where ministers responsible for gender equality from member
284:
outlined the key priorities for its presidency of the
Council of the European Union. These priorities include establishing political oversight for border management and an emergency support mechanism in times of crisis, organising a summit bringing together the leaders of the European Union and the
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The French presidency achieved notable economic progress by securing the adoption of a reciprocity instrument for the EU regarding public procurement markets. This measure ensures that third countries can no longer restrict access to their public procurement markets without the EU reciprocating by
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on 24 March 2022. Federico
Santopino from the Research and Information Group on Peace and Security is more critical of the Strategic Compassâs relevance and impact, stating, âBefore asking what the Union should do, it is essential to agree on what it is supposed to be. The new Boussole stratĂ©gique
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unprecedented military aid amounting to 2 billion euros. Sanctions were also imposed on Russia and
Belarus, along with six packages targeting individuals involved in the aggression and sectors such as finance, transportation, defence, and energy. Moldova and Ukraine were granted candidate status.
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acknowledges the importance of Macron's visit but notes that it is âtoo complex to expect a decisive breakthrough from just one meeting.â On 20 February, a trilateral phone call between Biden, Putin, and Macron is held to address the tensions in
Ukraine, leading to an agreement in principle for a
161:
outlined plans to increase the union's energy security, boost its military defences, and build a stronger economy together. The declaration also reaffirmed the union's support of
Ukraine. The French presidency of the Council of the European Union achieved several significant outcomes during its
597:
During the French presidency of the
Council of the European Union, member states approved all the rules needed to achieve the 55% reduction target for emissions by 2030, including the carbon border tax for Europe. Regarding the war in Ukraine, the French presidency advocated for and facilitated
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France was in the midst of the campaign for the 2022 presidential election, which took place during the French presidency in the spring. President Macron announced his decision to run for a second term on 3 March 2022, in a letter to the French people published in the regional press. The French
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with the housing ministers of EU member states, European
Commission representatives, and stakeholders from the housing and construction sectors â an event that hadn't occurred since 2013. However, the ministerial conference faced criticism in France from the Union Sociale pour l'Habitat, which
617:
On environmental matters, the French presidency urged the European Commission to accelerate the ecological transition, emphasising that âthe human suffering and economic losses due to more frequent extreme weather events, such as floods, heatwaves, droughts, and wildfiresâ, are intensifying
494:, other European partners, such as Sweden, Germany, and Poland, were notably hostile or at least reluctant to pursue this path. This disagreement on common defence policy highlights the significant divergences between France â Europeâs leading military power, a
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at 148 million euros. Nearly 400 events are planned, including 200 meetings of senior officials, around 20 meetings of European Union ministers, 80 ministerial-level meetings, as well as various seminars and conferences. The presidency has chosen the slogan
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on 6 February. During his visit to the Kremlin on 7 February, Macron proposes to Putin the establishment of "concrete security guarantees." However, he does not receive any real indication of de-escalation from his Russian counterpart. Kremlin spokesperson
489:
the previous month: âThese next few months rather seem to call for firm defense of the existing post-1989 order,â he said. While Emmanuel Macron had long advocated for the establishment of a collective European defence and not relying solely on
481:, energy dependency, and food sovereignty. The second day, 11 March 2022, was dedicated to defence issues. Up to that point, collective defence had been a source of division and disagreement among European leaders. Former Swedish Prime Minister
622:
closing its own markets in response. The Union also established a tool to combat distortive foreign subsidies, meaning that companies from third countries can no longer benefit from government subsidies to win public contracts within the EU.
514:
Regarding cultural policy, the French presidency introduced the Euroreporters Competition, which ran from January to May 2022 under the theme âEurope Shapes Our Future.â The competition focused on combating disinformation and fake news. The
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meeting between Biden and Putin. The French presidencyâs communiquĂ© stresses that this meeting could only take place if Russia does not invade Ukraine. This agreement collapses in the following days as Russia breaches international law and
563:
Regarding disability, member states agreed to strengthen research on neurodevelopmental disorders. The right to housing was highlighted as a key theme of the French Council Presidency's social rights agenda. French Housing Minister
370:âs writings. It also means sharing a civility, a way of being in the world, from our cafĂ©s to our museums, that is incomparable. This European way of being in the world is part of our uniqueness, despite our many differences. From
267:
from 31 December to 1 January, which sparked significant controversy in France, as the French flag on the Arc de Triomphe is seen as an untouchable national symbol. Numerous monuments were also illuminated in European colours.
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by youths, (2) defence and security, (3) environmental concerns, (4) migration reform, (5) reevaluation of the economy, (6) relations with Africa, and (7) regulation of online services.
523:. These short videos used archival footage to tell stories about the European Union and European culture. Additionally, a series of lectures titled âEurope of Culture in the 17th Century under the Patronage of
342:, "particularly to be more explicit about environmental protection and the recognition of the right to abortion." Regarding European institutions, President Macron supports granting the European Parliament the
346:, a position also supported by the German Federal government. Additionally, he defended Europe's universalist values but did not make any specific commitments regarding the promotion of cultural heritage.
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into the European Union, creating a framework for holding major digital platforms accountable to combat online hate, maintaining the previously adopted programme initiated by France to achieve
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556:â set to assume the rotating presidency of the Council of the European Union in the near future â committed to making women's economic empowerment their top priority. On 15 February 2022, in
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commented that the presidency was generally considered a success, though some criticized the ambitions of the presidency, and others found issue with statements that French president
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560:, an informal meeting of the EU Ministers of Labour and Employment was organised, focusing on supporting workers, lifelong learning, and securing career paths amid transitions.
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under the Czech presidency of the EU Council, unequivocally condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine and reaffirmed support for the country. The third summit, held in
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worldwide, with Europe being no exception. The French presidency argued that the green transition could create up to one million jobs, making it a driver of growth.
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for six months for the thirteenth time. France is therefore preparing to take the helm of the Council of the European Union in a context marked by the end of the
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354:â dare I say. What does it mean to be European? It means feeling a shared emotion before our treasures, the fruits of our heritage and history, from the
317:, the arrow in the centre of the second letter symbolises a âmessage of ambition, hope, futureâ to confront âthe temptations of retreat and surrender.â
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1060:"Entretiens tĂ©lĂ©phoniques avec Joe BIDEN, PrĂ©sident des Ătats-Unis d'AmĂ©rique, ainsi qu'avec Vladimir POUTINE, PrĂ©sident de la FĂ©dĂ©ration de Russie"
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quickly becomes a top priority for the French presidency. Before a scheduled summit between French President Emmanuel Macron and Russian President
338:, focusing on two major themes: the independence and effectiveness of the Union. During his address, he also expressed his desire to update the
251:, and announced that during the French presidency of the Council of the European Union he would work towards a strategic rapprochement with the
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that includes a mutual defence clause (Article 2) in the event of an attack by a third country. The partnership was signed during the visit of
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The European Political Community soon found its main purpose in addressing European conflicts: its first summit, held on 6 October 2022 in
313:, which come together around the initials of the European Union, U and E. According to the French Secretary of State for European Affairs,
228:. On 27 September 2021, France had also signed the Franco-Hellenic Strategic Partnership, a bilateral defence agreement between France and
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in Paris, themed âExploring How Music Enriches Intercultural Dialogue Among Member States,â featuring rare manuscripts from the library.
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502:â and other EU countries, whose defence relies primarily on NATO. Olivier Costa, Professor at the Centre for Political Research at
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during the first half of 2022. The presidency was the first of three presidencies making up a presidency trio, followed by the
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On 10 and 11 March 2022, the Versailles Summit brought together all the heads of state and government from EU countries at the
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629:, aimed at curbing the economic dominance of major digital platforms and enhancing consumer choice. This reform was led by
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Institute also launched a series of videos called âEurope and Us,â aimed at teenagers and young adults, and published on
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had expressed confusion about Macronâs call for a "new order of security and stability" in an interview with
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states discussed the impact of the pandemic on the vulnerability of women and girls. France, along with the
30:
917:"Nouvelle piĂšce de 2 âŹ, emblĂšme, devise : ces symboles de la prĂ©sidence française du Conseil de l'UE"
573:
expressed scepticism and accused the initiative of being âempty wordsâ rather than a concrete commitment.
462:
154:
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1309:"La Boussole stratégique de l'UE répond-elle aux énigmes existentielles de la défense européenne ?"
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On 30 May 2022, all 27 EU member states unanimously agreed to impose an embargo on 90% of Russian oil.
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350:âWhat unites us is the singularity of this European democratic promise, and also a unique culture, a
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and the Conference on the Future of Europe, President Macron delivered a lengthy speech before the
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to engage broader European countries in political dialogue and cooperation, beyond EU membership.
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305:(Recovery, Strength, Belonging). The visual identity of the French Presidency incorporates the
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on 26 November 2021. Until then, France had only signed a treaty of similar significance with
689:(center-right midground) greeting defence ministers of EU states at an informal gathering in
970:"Macron plays down expectations as he arrives for Ukraine talks with Putin â as it happened"
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461:. The main focus of the summit was Ukraine. The agenda adopted at the summit, known as the
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and the Enlightenment, we are the heirs to a distinctive approach to the human adventure.â
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In terms of collective defence, the French presidency secured the establishment of the
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The initial plans for the presidency included addressing the following areas: (1)
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focused on youth and migration flows, holding a conference on the integration of the
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263:. To mark the beginning of the presidency, the European flag was displayed under the
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212:. France is seeking to distance itself from its Anglo-Saxon partners and signed the
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on 11 November. The French President, Emmanuel Macron, met with Nigerian President
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https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/54773/20220311-versailles-declaration-en.pdf
852:
Overall, the French EU Council Presidency was a success... but not everyone agrees
1369:"Meta accused of breaking EU digital law by charging for ad-free social networks"
1346:"Le DMA entre en vigueur dans l'UE avec une contestation déjà vive contre Apple"
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1149:"La Présidence française du Conseil de l'UE à l'ombre de la guerre en Ukraine"
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864:"Présentation de la Présidence française du Conseil de l'Union européenne"
535:. To further promote cultural engagement, three concerts were held at the
1038:"Crise en Ukraine : haute voltige diplomatique pour Macron Ă Moscou"
557:
1216:"L'Europe sociale : Acquis communautaire et instruments financiers"
1123:"Macron Flies to Moscow Claiming His Diplomacy Will End Ukraine Crisis"
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the goals and strategies planned for the French council presidency, at
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https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-9107-2022-INIT/fr/pdf
1230:"Union européenne : La longue marche vers le Logement abordable"
1174:Ă 14h24, Par Le Parisien Etudiant Le 3 octobre 2023 (3 October 2023).
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Parly, the next day, at a press conference for the informal gathering
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1176:"Europorters : un concours pour les jeunes reporters européens"
943:"Discours du Président Emmanuel Macron devant le Parlement européen"
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Noack and, Rick; Loveday, Morris; Karla, Adam (12 February 2022).
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Per European institutional rules, France is assuming the rotating
890:"La présidence française de l'Union européenne en sept questions"
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1428:"La CommunautĂ© politique europĂ©enne en quĂȘte de sens Ă Grenade"
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Groupe de recherche et d'information sur la paix et la sécurité
216:, a highly symbolic treaty of friendship and cooperation, with
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and an economic slowdown. On the domestic front, the visit of
153:
two months into the French presidency. Two weeks later, the
1403:"France wants to boost European tech with billions of euros"
1294:"Présidence française du Conseil de l'Union européenne 2022"
841:
Ukraine war gives Macron's drive for EU autonomy new impetus
805:
Ukraine: Why do world leaders take the night train to Kyiv?
1273:
France Diplomacy - Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs
1086:"RĂ©action de l'UE Ă l'invasion de l'Ukraine par la Russie"
772:
The French Presidency of the Council of the European Union
362:, and resonating equally with the romantic spirit, from
648:, in 2023, occurred amidst escalating tensions between
1004:"Can European shuttle diplomacy avert war in Ukraine?"
825:
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French Presidency of the Council of the European Union
239:
to Paris. Paris also hosted the fourth edition of the
24:
French Presidency of the Council of the European Union
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During its presidency, the EU prepared to adopt the
297:by 2050, and implementing a European minimum wage.
1267:Ă©trangĂšres, MinistĂšre de l'Europe et des Affaires.
783:
The end of the French-Czech-Swedish trio: what now?
76:
66:
23:
568:convened a ministerial conference on 7â8 March in
71:https://presidence-francaise.consilium.europa.eu
1704:Presidency of the Council of the European Union
1477:Presidency of the Council of the European Union
187:presidency of the Council of the European Union
255:. He also announced the delivery of 2 million
157:was made in response, in which leaders of the
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210:scandal surrounding the Australian submarines
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1200:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
685:(center midground) and EU foreign minister
427:on 5 February, and Estonian Prime Minister
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614:certainly does not provide that clarity.â
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816:A New Versailles Declaration for Ukraine
761:The presidency of the Council of the EU
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419:on 4 February, NATO Secretary General
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1307:Santopinto, Federico (11 July 2022).
517:French National Audiovisual Institute
469:to begin accession negotiations with
177:made regarding the Russian invasion.
16:From January to June, first of a trio
7:
968:Rankin, Jennifer (7 February 2022).
915:FETTWEIS, Maxime (9 December 2021).
1401:Pollet, Mathieu (8 February 2022).
151:its full-scale invasion of Ukraine
46:Logo of the 2022 French presidency
14:
1495:2005: Luxembourg â United Kingdom
415:on 3 February, German Chancellor
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537:BibliothĂšque Nationale de France
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407:on 2 February, Polish President
303:Relance, Puissance, Appartenance
132:presidency of the Czech Republic
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609:on defence, was adopted by the
587:Communauté Politique Européenne
439:Ukraineâs territorial integrity
403:, Macron speaks with President
247:and Bangladeshi Prime Minister
1269:"European Political Community"
1243:Emmanuel Macron (9 May 2022).
1:
1699:France and the European Union
1066:(in French). 20 February 2022
681:French armed forces minister
510:European Cultural Programming
340:Charter of Fundamental Rights
128:Council of the European Union
61:Council of the European Union
1554:2016: Netherlands â Slovakia
1155:(in French). 19 October 2023
1040:(in French). 7 February 2022
949:(in French). 19 January 2022
870:(in French). 9 December 2021
583:European Political Community
577:European Political Community
477:. The summit also addressed
164:European Political Community
1430:(in French). 6 October 2023
896:(in French). 1 January 2022
423:and British Prime Minister
378:, from Christianity to the
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1689:2022 in the European Union
1367:Milmo, Dan (1 July 2024).
1022:: CS1 maint: url-status (
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1348:(in French). 7 March 2024
627:Digital Markets Act (DMA)
352:way of being in the world
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1246:Chers citoyens européens
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411:and Ukrainian President
280:On 9 December 2021, the
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1648:2025: Poland â Denmark
1510:2008: Slovenia â France
1500:2006: Austria â Finland
1090:www.consilium.europa.eu
358:to the golden bulbs of
330:On the occasion of the
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463:Versailles declaration
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1664:European Union Portal
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1256:– via YouTube.
603:Boussole stratégique
581:The creation of the
487:The Voice of America
234:Greek Prime Minister
1009:The Washington Post
726:European Parliament
527:â was organised in
525:Christina of Sweden
500:UN Security Council
467:European Commission
413:Volodymyr Zelenskyy
344:right of initiative
336:European Parliament
237:Kyriakos Mitsotakis
206:bilateral relations
169:Georgina Wright of
109:2022 Czech Republic
724:presenting to the
191:coronavirus crisis
171:Institut Montaigne
51: –
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566:Emmanuelle Wargon
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417:Olaf Scholz
380:Renaissance
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650:Azerbaijan
483:Carl Bildt
332:Europe Day
261:Bangladesh
181:Background
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