437:, which precluded sending the Militia outside Australian territory, initially units such as the 37th Battalion were employed to provide training for personnel called up under the compulsory training scheme, which was reactivated in 1940. As a result, throughout 1940–41, as the Militia were called up to undertake periods of continuous training, the 37th Battalion undertook a number of training camps at Seymour. Following Japan's entry into the war in late 1941, they the units of the 3rd Division were mobilised for war service. In August 1942, however, having remained in Australia carrying out garrison duties and having not been deployed on active service overseas, the battalion was again amalgamated with the 52nd Battalion, this time in response to a manpower shortage in the Australian economy that had been brought about by an over mobilisation of Australia's military forces. At this point the battalion became known as the "37th/52nd Battalion" and initially, it was assigned to the 10th Brigade and attached to the 3rd Division, although it was later transferred to the
338:
those at Bray and Clery, as the 3rd
Division advanced through the Somme Valley towards Buire. As a result of heavy casualties sustained by the AIF during 1918 and a lack of new recruits with which to make up these losses, in September the AIF was forced to disband a number of battalions in order to reinforce others. With orders to disband, the battalion commander, Lieutenant Colonel Charles Story, was relieved of command for questioning and failing to follow the order. The men mutinied and, as a result, the order was rescinded, albeit on a temporary basis. On 29 September, the battalion took part in its final battle of the war when it was involved in the attack on the
56:
156:
287:
28:
326:. The initial attack was quite successful and with the Germans making rapid gains, many Australian units, including the 37th Battalion, which was moved from Armentières and to Ypres, were thrown into the line to blunt the attack. In late March, the battalion took part in a defensive action around
337:
Held in reserve initially, the 37th
Battalion did not see action on the first or second days of the fighting. On 10 August, however, the battalion participated in a poorly planned attack on the village of Proyart, which ended in failure. After this, it took part in a number of actions, including
389:
In 1921, Australia's part-time military forces were re-organised in order to perpetuate the numerical designations and formations of the AIF. As a result, the 37th
Battalion was re-raised at this time, drawing personnel from parts of the 24th, 46th and 37th Infantry Regiments and the 29th Light
390:
Horse, and was assigned to the 10th
Brigade, which was attached to the 3rd Division. In 1927, when territorial designations were adopted, the battalion became known as '"The Henty Regiment". That year, the 37th adopted the motto of "Indivisible". The battalion was amalgamated with the
294:
After winter had subsided, in April 1917 the 3rd
Division was moved to the Messines–Wytschaete Ridge section of the line in Belgium, where they began to prepare to take part in their first major battle of the war. Between 7 and 9 June 1917, the battalion took part in the
413:. The 37th/52nd Battalion remained in existence until 1937 when, as part of an expansion of the Australian military due to concerns about the threat of war in Europe, the battalion was split, and the 37th Battalion was amalgamated with the
270:
along with the rest of the 3rd
Division to undertake more advanced training. The process took a considerable period of time and as such it was not until late in the year that the 3rd Division was declared ready to be deployed to the
1956:
1946:
1926:
572:
During World War I, the authorised strength of an
Australian infantry battalion was 1,023 men. By the start of World War II, it was 910 men all ranks, however, later in the war it fell to 803.
398:", which was formed in the state of Victoria as part of a rationalisation of the Australia's part-time military forces that came about as a result of the combined effects of the suspension of
1951:
1941:
1921:
1121:
345:
During the fighting, it suffered lost 483 killed in action or died on active service and 1,485 wounded. Members of the battalion received the following decorations: one
279:
sector which was considered a "quiet" area where the newly arrived troops could gain their first experiences of trench warfare. While there, they undertook patrols into
441:
in
September 1942 after the 10th Brigade was also disbanded. The 37th/52nd was disbanded after the war on 12 June 1946, having fought against the Japanese in the
1936:
1931:
370:
417:; this remained until 24 August 1939 when the 37th was re-formed and the 39th Battalion was amalgamated with the 24th Battalion. An alliance with the
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and the north-eastern parts of the state. Under the command of
Lieutenant Colonel Frederick George Woods, the battalion became part of the
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206:. It later returned to the order of battle in its own right as the Australian military was expanded due to concerns of a future war in
418:
1141:. Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918. Vol. V (1st ed.). Sydney, New South Wales: Angus & Robertson.
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in 1930 due to manpower shortages. In 1937, the battalion was briefly re-raised in its own right before being amalgamated with the
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1902:
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232:
513:
330:. Finally the German offensive stalled and, after a period, the Allies were able to launch their own offensive, known as the
182:. It was originally raised in 1916 for service during the World War I and took part in the fighting in the trenches of the
342:. After this, the battalion was finally disbanded on 12 October 1918, at which point it only had a frontage of 60 men.
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214:, the 37th Battalion served in a garrison role until 1942 when it was once again amalgamated with the 52nd Battalion.
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enabled the
Germans to transfer a large number of troops to the west. As a result, in March, they launched an
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1124:. Vol. III (12th ed.). Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Australian War Memorial.
1272:
Palazzo, Albert (2003). "Organising for Jungle Warfare". In Dennis, Peter; Grey, Jeffrey (eds.).
236:
429:
At the outbreak of World War II in September 1939, the 37th Battalion was headquartered around
266:, however, once this was complete the battalion was sent to Britain where they concentrated on
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At 30 November 1917, there were 160 German divisions on the Western Front. Following the
194:
and was disbanded in 1918. In 1921, the battalion was re-raised as part of the part-time
307:
for the role he played in the battle. Following this, the 37th Battalion saw service at
430:
362:
354:
346:
304:
276:
433:, in Victoria, where it formed part of the 10th Brigade. Due to the provisions of the
275:. After the battalion arrived in France on 23 November 1916, it was first sent to the
1915:
1296:
403:
378:
300:
1173:
1111:
211:
1115:
1139:
The Australian Imperial Force in France, during the Main German Offensive, 1918
283:
and minor raids on the German trenches opposite them during the winter months.
1336:
1129:
900:
660:
1146:
366:
290:
Captain Robert Grieve, who received the 37th Battalion's only Victoria Cross
263:
248:
244:
175:
61:
1207:
286:
1103:
172:
81:
1257:. Loftus, New South Wales: Australian Military Historical Publications.
191:
239:. The unit was made up from personnel drawn from men originating from
1219:. Loftus, New South Wales: Australian Military History Publications.
207:
187:
540:
The following officers commanded the battalion during World War II:
529:
The following officers commanded the battalion during World War I:
285:
1329:
The Thirty Seventh: History of the Thirty Seventh Battalion A.I.F
1180:(3rd ed.). Melbourne, Victoria: Cambridge University Press.
856:"Broken Lineage: The Australian Army's Heritage of Discontinuity"
1348:
1281:. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Army History Unit.
1255:
Defenders of Australia: The 3rd Australian Division 1916–1991
457:
The 37th Battalion was awarded the following battle honours:
318:
In early 1918, the collapse of the Russian resistance on the
1217:
Redcoats to Cams: A History of Australian Infantry 1788–2001
1350:
Infantry formations of the First Australian Imperial Force
381:
for its involvement in the fighting on the Western Front.
32:
37th Battalion reinforcements in Melbourne, February 1917
1303:. Port Melbourne, Victoria: Cambridge University Press.
1301:
Australian Battalion Commanders in the Second World War
377:(MIDs) and two foreign awards. The 37th was awarded 14
1275:
The Foundations of Victory: The Pacific War 1943–1944
1236:
The Great War Generals on the Western Front 1914–1918
1122:
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
299:
in Belgium. One of the battalion's officers, Captain
1957:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1942
1947:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1930
1927:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1919
334:, which ultimately brought about an end to the war.
243:
who were recruited from a number of areas including
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119:
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49:
37:
20:
231:, in February 1916 as part of an expansion of the
1952:Military units and formations established in 1939
1942:Military units and formations established in 1921
1922:Military units and formations established in 1916
1202:. Melbourne, Victoria: Grayflower Publications.
235:(AIF) which took place following the end of the
544:Lieutenant Colonel Albert William John Stewart
1117:The Australian Imperial Force in France, 1916
813:
811:
809:
807:
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742:
198:, although it was later amalgamated with the
8:
227:The 37th Battalion was originally raised in
1345:
1158:. Melbourne, Victoria: Allara Publishing.
796:
533:Lieutenant Colonel Frederick George Woods
1065:
961:
817:
396:37th/52nd Battalion (The Henty Regiment)
1077:
1053:
973:
925:
905:Second World War, 1939–1945 units
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893:
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889:
887:
841:
784:
760:
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733:
721:
685:
616:
597:
565:
547:Lieutenant Colonel John Patrick Minogue
1331:. Melbourne: Modern Printing Company.
901:"37th/52nd Battalion (Henty Regiment)"
665:First World War, 1914–1918 units
604:
17:
949:
937:
655:
653:
651:
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639:
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421:was approved in the inter-war years.
7:
1041:
1029:
829:
772:
709:
697:
628:
550:Lieutenant Colonel John George Rowan
536:Lieutenant Colonel Walter John Smith
865:. Army History Unit. Archived from
1937:Australian World War II battalions
1156:The Lineage of the Australian Army
1009:"37 Infantry Battalion: Superiors"
987:"37 Infantry Battalion: Locations"
14:
1932:Australian World War I battalions
324:offensive along the Western Front
154:
54:
26:
1903:1st Anzac Entrenching Battalion
1178:A Military History of Australia
1096:World War I: An Outline History
419:Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders
311:on 4 October and then later at
262:Initial training took place in
1:
964:, pp. 96, 97 & 110.
359:Distinguished Conduct Medals
351:Distinguished Service Orders
210:. Following the outbreak of
518:France and Flanders 1916–18
91:~800–1,000 officers and men
1973:
1200:South West Pacific 1941–45
371:Meritorious Service Medals
1234:Neillands, Robin (2004).
1154:Festberg, Alfred (1972).
907:. Australian War Memorial
667:. Australian War Memorial
233:Australian Imperial Force
25:
1327:McNicol, Norman (1936).
1253:Palazzo, Albert (2002).
1238:. London: Magpie Books.
1094:Baldwin, Hanson (1962).
976:, p. 317 &319.
583:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
257:3rd Australian Division
1826:Machine Gun Battalions
1137:Bean, Charles (1937).
1098:. London: Hutchinson.
1011:. Orders of Battle.com
989:. Orders of Battle.com
375:Mentions in Despatches
332:Hundred Days Offensive
303:was later awarded the
291:
447:New Britain campaigns
402:by the newly elected
289:
1215:Kuring, Ian (2004).
863:A Century of Service
297:fighting at Messines
775:, pp. 209–211.
585:, this rose to 208.
525:Commanding officers
409:government and the
1862:Pioneer Battalions
1853:5th Machine Gun Bn
1848:4th Machine Gun Bn
1843:3rd Machine Gun Bn
1838:2nd Machine Gun Bn
1833:1st Machine Gun Bn
631:, pp. 99–100.
435:Defence Act (1903)
400:compulsory service
292:
237:Gallipoli campaign
1909:
1908:
1310:978-0-521-76345-5
1288:978-0-646-43590-9
1187:978-0-521-69791-0
1165:978-0-85887-024-6
940:, pp. 43–44.
787:, pp. 49–50.
724:, pp. 24–25.
229:Seymour, Victoria
162:
161:
150:Unit colour patch
1964:
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514:St Quentin Canal
411:Great Depression
394:in 1930 as the "
355:Military Crosses
340:St Quentin Canal
255:attached to the
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1320:Further reading
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510:Hindenburg Line
506:Mont St Quentin
455:
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387:
385:Inter-war years
365:(MMs) with one
363:Military Medals
315:on 12 October.
268:Salisbury Plain
225:
220:
196:Citizens Forces
180:Australian Army
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72:Australian Army
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1892:
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1889:5th Pioneer Bn
1886:
1884:4th Pioneer Bn
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1879:3rd Pioneer Bn
1876:
1874:2nd Pioneer Bn
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1869:1st Pioneer Bn
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1297:Pratten, Garth
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1196:Keogh, Eustace
1192:
1186:
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1080:, p. 319.
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872:on 4 June 2011
846:
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832:, p. 125.
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799:, p. 493.
797:Neillands 2004
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751:, p. 126.
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454:
453:Battle honours
451:
443:Huon Peninsula
426:
423:
415:39th Battalion
392:52nd Battalion
386:
383:
379:battle honours
347:Victoria Cross
305:Victoria Cross
224:
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204:39th Battalion
200:52nd Battalion
169:37th Battalion
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123:Black over red
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115:(World War II)
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21:37th Battalion
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1264:1-876439-03-3
1260:
1256:
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1247:
1245:1-84119-863-3
1241:
1237:
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1226:1-876439-99-8
1222:
1218:
1213:
1209:
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1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1174:Grey, Jeffrey
1171:
1167:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1112:Bean, Charles
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1091:
1086:
1079:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1066:Festberg 1972
1062:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1023:
1010:
1004:
1001:
988:
982:
979:
975:
970:
967:
963:
962:Festberg 1972
958:
955:
952:, p. 48.
951:
946:
943:
939:
934:
931:
928:, p. 69.
927:
922:
919:
906:
902:
896:
894:
892:
890:
888:
884:
868:
864:
857:
850:
847:
844:, p. 63.
843:
838:
835:
831:
826:
823:
820:, p. 96.
819:
818:Festberg 1972
814:
812:
810:
808:
806:
802:
798:
793:
790:
786:
781:
778:
774:
769:
766:
763:, p. 42.
762:
757:
754:
750:
745:
743:
739:
736:, p. 31.
735:
730:
727:
723:
718:
715:
711:
706:
703:
699:
694:
691:
688:, p. 21.
687:
682:
679:
666:
662:
656:
654:
652:
650:
648:
646:
644:
642:
640:
638:
634:
630:
625:
622:
618:
613:
610:
607:, p. 47.
606:
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584:
578:
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569:
566:
559:
558:
554:
549:
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541:
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532:
531:
530:
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519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
486:Passchendaele
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
466:Messines 1917
463:
460:
459:
458:
452:
450:
448:
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436:
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420:
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368:
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356:
352:
348:
343:
341:
335:
333:
329:
325:
321:
320:Eastern Front
316:
314:
313:Passchendaele
310:
306:
302:
301:Robert Grieve
298:
288:
284:
282:
281:No Man's Land
278:
274:
273:Western Front
269:
265:
260:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
222:
217:
215:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
184:Western Front
181:
177:
174:
170:
164:Military unit
157:
153:
151:
147:
142:
136:
135:Western Front
133:
132:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:(World War I)
105:
101:
98:
94:
90:
86:
83:
80:
76:
73:
70:
66:
63:
52:
48:
40:
36:
29:
24:
19:
16:
1733:5th Division
1639:4th Division
1584:
1545:3rd Division
1451:2nd Division
1357:1st Division
1328:
1300:
1274:
1254:
1235:
1216:
1199:
1177:
1155:
1138:
1116:
1095:
1078:Pratten 2009
1073:
1061:
1054:Palazzo 2002
1049:
1037:
1025:
1013:. Retrieved
1003:
991:. Retrieved
981:
974:Pratten 2009
969:
957:
945:
933:
926:Palazzo 2002
921:
909:. Retrieved
904:
874:. Retrieved
867:the original
862:
849:
842:Palazzo 2002
837:
825:
792:
785:Palazzo 2002
780:
768:
761:Palazzo 2002
756:
749:Baldwin 1962
734:Palazzo 2002
729:
722:Palazzo 2002
717:
705:
693:
686:Palazzo 2002
681:
669:. Retrieved
664:
624:
619:, p. 6.
617:Palazzo 2003
612:
600:
577:
568:
539:
528:
482:Poelcappelle
474:Polygon Wood
461:
456:
434:
428:
425:World War II
388:
344:
336:
317:
293:
261:
253:10th Brigade
226:
212:World War II
168:
166:
139:World War II
131:World War I
113:5th Division
104:3rd Division
100:10th Brigade
96:Part of
15:
1898:Other units
1015:22 November
993:22 November
911:21 November
876:21 November
671:21 November
605:Kuring 2004
502:Albert 1918
478:Broodseinde
462:World War I
439:4th Brigade
373:(MSMs), 13
361:(DCMs), 67
328:Dernancourt
309:Broodseinde
277:Armentières
223:World War I
128:Engagements
109:4th Brigade
1916:Categories
1087:References
950:Keogh 1965
938:Keogh 1965
494:Ancre 1918
490:Somme 1918
470:Ypres 1917
353:(DSO), 15
1337:224410491
1130:220623454
1042:Grey 2008
1030:Grey 2008
830:Grey 2008
773:Bean 1937
710:Bean 1941
698:Bean 1941
629:Grey 2008
593:Citations
560:Footnotes
357:(MCs), 8
264:Australia
249:Gippsland
245:Melbourne
176:battalion
62:Australia
45:1939–1942
43:1921–1930
41:1916–1919
1795:15th Bde
1768:14th Bde
1701:13th Bde
1674:12th Bde
1607:11th Bde
1580:10th Bde
1299:(2009).
1198:(1965).
1176:(2008).
1147:17648469
1114:(1941).
241:Victoria
173:infantry
144:Insignia
82:Infantry
1815:60th Bn
1810:59th Bn
1805:58th Bn
1800:57th Bn
1788:56th Bn
1783:55th Bn
1778:54th Bn
1773:53rd Bn
1761:32nd Bn
1756:31st Bn
1751:30th Bn
1746:29th Bn
1741:8th Bde
1721:52nd Bn
1716:51st Bn
1711:50th Bn
1706:49th Bn
1694:48th Bn
1689:47th Bn
1684:46th Bn
1679:45th Bn
1667:16th Bn
1662:15th Bn
1657:14th Bn
1652:13th Bn
1647:4th Bde
1627:44th Bn
1622:43rd Bn
1617:42nd Bn
1612:41st Bn
1600:40th Bn
1595:39th Bn
1590:38th Bn
1585:37th Bn
1573:36th Bn
1568:35th Bn
1563:34th Bn
1558:33rd Bn
1553:9th Bde
1533:28th Bn
1528:27th Bn
1523:26th Bn
1518:25th Bn
1513:7th Bde
1506:24th Bn
1501:23rd Bn
1496:22nd Bn
1491:21st Bn
1486:6th Bde
1479:20th Bn
1474:19th Bn
1469:18th Bn
1464:17th Bn
1459:5th Bde
1439:12th Bn
1434:11th Bn
1429:10th Bn
1419:3rd Bde
1392:2nd Bde
1365:1st Bde
1208:7185705
404:Scullin
218:History
192:Belgium
178:of the
171:was an
120:Colours
50:Country
1424:9th Bn
1412:8th Bn
1407:7th Bn
1402:6th Bn
1397:5th Bn
1385:4th Bn
1380:3rd Bn
1375:2nd Bn
1370:1st Bn
1335:
1307:
1285:
1261:
1242:
1223:
1206:
1184:
1162:
1145:
1128:
1104:988365
1102:
498:Amiens
369:, six
349:, two
208:Europe
188:France
68:Branch
59:
38:Active
1279:(PDF)
870:(PDF)
859:(PDF)
555:Notes
407:Labor
1333:OCLC
1305:ISBN
1283:ISBN
1259:ISBN
1240:ISBN
1221:ISBN
1204:OCLC
1182:ISBN
1160:ISBN
1143:OCLC
1126:OCLC
1100:OCLC
1017:2011
995:2011
913:2011
878:2011
673:2011
445:and
431:Sale
190:and
167:The
88:Size
78:Type
367:Bar
186:in
1918::
1120:.
903:.
886:^
861:.
804:^
741:^
663:.
636:^
516:,
512:,
508:,
504:,
500:,
496:,
492:,
488:,
484:,
480:,
476:,
472:,
468:,
464::
449:.
259:.
247:,
111:,
102:,
1339:.
1313:.
1291:.
1267:.
1248:.
1229:.
1210:.
1190:.
1168:.
1149:.
1132:.
1106:.
1019:.
997:.
915:.
880:.
675:.
520:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
